saswavlo da profesiuli garemo - mes.gov.ge

<strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> <strong>garemo</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>mxmare saxelmZRvanelo<br />

III<br />

2008<br />

1

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avtorebi:<br />

nino niJaraZe<br />

qesi makleini<br />

tereza boli<br />

nino gogiCaZe<br />

Teona lodia<br />

sakonsultacio sabWo: qeTevan mexuzla, simon janaSia<br />

re<strong>da</strong>qtorebi:<br />

naTia nacvliSvili<br />

sofio gorgoZe<br />

ilustracia, dizaini: giorgi gamezar<strong>da</strong>Svili<br />

kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa: Tamar goderZiSvili<br />

proeqtis koordinatori: eTer gvelesiani<br />

© maswavlebelTa <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis centri, 2008.<br />

ISBN 978-9941-0-0674-6<br />

ISBN 978-9941-0-0677-7<br />

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saklaso oTaxis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong><br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ra gavlenas axdens <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesze saklaso oTaxis<br />

fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong>;<br />

saklaso oTaxis sivrcis ganawilebis ra principebi arsebobs;<br />

ra roli ekisreba maswavlebels klasis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong>s<br />

<strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvaSi;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> moiqceT, rom saklaso oTaxis fizikuri<br />

<strong>garemo</strong> moswavleTa individualur Taviseburebebs moargoT.<br />

*****<br />

saklaso oTaxis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong> emsaxureba <strong>saswavlo</strong> amocanebis<br />

Sesrulebas. es amocanebi miznad isaxavs saskolo saqmianobaSi<br />

moswavlis maqsimaluri CarTulobis uzrunvelyofas.<br />

sxva qveynebis gamocdileba gviCvenebs, rom jer kidev gasuli<br />

saukunis 70-ian wlebSi maswavleblebs hqon<strong>da</strong>T saklaso oTaxebis<br />

Tavisuflad mowyobis SesaZlebloba. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, isini<br />

mainc `tradiciuli~, stan<strong>da</strong>rtuli wesiT mowyobis erTgulni<br />

rCebodnen. saklaso oTaxSi karadebis, Taroebis <strong>da</strong> magidebis<br />

ganawileba xelisSemSleli iyo Tavisufali ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebisaTvis<br />

<strong>da</strong> moswavleebi did dros atarebdnen merxebTan werilobiTi<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis SesrulebaSi.<br />

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saklaso oTaxis sivrcis ganawilebis ori mTavari midgoma<br />

arsebobs. erTi midgoma saklaso oTaxs ganixilavs, rogorc<br />

adgils, sa<strong>da</strong>c moswavle, klasis mowyobis specifiki<strong>da</strong>n<br />

gamomdinare, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d individualur samuSaos asrulebs,<br />

xolo meore midgoma saklaso oTaxs anawevrebs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>niSnulebis zonebad.<br />

individualuri samuSaos Sesrulebaze orientirebul saklaso<br />

oTaxSi moswavles aqvs sakuTari adgili <strong>da</strong> mas SeuZlia<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis didi wili ganaxorcielos adgili<strong>da</strong>n gausvlelad.<br />

aseT `tradiciul~ <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvas iyeneben maSinac,rodesac maswavlebeli<br />

saerTo saklaso swavlebas mimarTavs.<br />

saklaso oTaxis <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>da</strong>niSnulebis mqone zonebad<br />

<strong>da</strong>yofisas moswavleebi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva amocanis Sesasruleblad<br />

saklaso oTaxSi Tavisuflad ga<strong>da</strong>adgildebian.<br />

4

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situacia<br />

EeTeri maswavlebeli kargad icnobs Tavis moswavleebs. ar<strong>da</strong>de<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />

Semdeg gansakuTrebiT emzadeba maT misaRebad; klasSi<br />

axali merxebi, Taroebi, <strong>da</strong>fa <strong>da</strong> kompiuteri <strong>da</strong>xvdebaT bavSvebs.<br />

eTeri maswavlebeli <strong>ge</strong>gmavs, ganaTavsos axali aveji ise, rom<br />

gaiTvaliswinos moswavleebis Tavisebureba an gansakuTrebuli<br />

saWiroeba. Tanac fiqrobs, rom moawyos sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>niSnulebis mqone ramdenime zona: Semosasvleli, samuSao, saTavso,<br />

sagamofeno, biblioTekis <strong>da</strong> teqnologiuri.Mman saamisod<br />

<strong>ge</strong>gmac SeimuSava:<br />

`saklaso oTaxis karTan gavakeTeb sakidebs, karadis gverdiT<br />

Camovkideb gakveTilebis cxrils <strong>da</strong> klasis gazeTisaTvis SevarCev<br />

adgils. es iqneba Semosasvleli zona.~<br />

Semosasvleli zona saSualebas aZlevs moswavles, ga<strong>da</strong>erTos<br />

erTi <strong>garemo</strong><strong>da</strong>n meoreze. aseTi gar<strong>da</strong>qmnis, specifikuri <strong>garemo</strong>sTvis<br />

Semzadebis kargi magaliTia fizikuri kulturis<br />

<strong>da</strong>rbazi, kerZod, gasaxdeli, sa<strong>da</strong>c moswavleebi icvlian<br />

tansacmels <strong>da</strong> varjiSisaTvis emzadebian.<br />

sagamofeno zona atarebs esTetikur <strong>da</strong>tvirTvas <strong>da</strong> emsaxureba<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> masalis vizualur ganmtkicebas. Tumca am sivrcis<br />

gamoyeneba moiTxovs garkveul yuradRebas. gamofenis mowyobisas<br />

un<strong>da</strong> ganisazRvros TiToeuli masalis <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba<br />

<strong>da</strong> ise moxdes adgilis, gamofenis droisa Tu xangrZlivobis<br />

SerCeva. didxans gamofenili masala kargavs moswavlisaTvis<br />

aqtualobas <strong>da</strong> xdeba zedmeti.<br />

`axla, modi, oTaxs magidebiT <strong>da</strong> Taroebiani patara karadebiT<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>vtixrav. <strong>da</strong>xurul TaroSi Sevdeb samuSao masalas, Ria<br />

Taroze <strong>da</strong>vdeb wignebs. sandros individualuri <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gma<br />

aqvs. is muSaobs naxatebiani wignebiT. is SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>saqmebuli<br />

iyos wignebis <strong>da</strong>webeba-ganaxlebiT. es saTavso zona sandros<br />

Seuqmnis misTvis saWiro <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>s~.<br />

biblioTekis zona aris adgili, romelic moswavles xels<br />

uwyobs, <strong>da</strong>moukideblad SeZlos sasurveli masalis moZieba.<br />

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is ar un<strong>da</strong> Semoifarglebodes mxolod saxelmZRvaneloebiT,<br />

an sakiTxavi masaliT. biblioTeka saSualebas un<strong>da</strong> uqmnides<br />

moswavles, saklaso oTaxi<strong>da</strong>n gausvlelad moipovos vizualuri,<br />

audio Tu vidio masala.<br />

saTavso zona emsaxureba <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesSi gamoyenebuli<br />

masalis saklaso oTaxSi mowesri<strong>ge</strong>bulad Senaxvas. saTavso<br />

zonis <strong>da</strong>la<strong>ge</strong>baSi monawileobis miReba moswavleebs exmareba,<br />

mieCvion gamoyenebuli masalis Senaxvas <strong>da</strong>, amavdroulad, maT<br />

ubiZ<strong>ge</strong>bs klasSi wesrigis SenarCunebis pasuxis<strong>ge</strong>blobis gaziarebisken.<br />

sakuTari <strong>saswavlo</strong> nivTebis movla <strong>da</strong> klasSi TviTmomsaxurebis<br />

unaris Camoyalibeba xSirad wamyvani amocanaa gansakuTrebuli<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> saWiroebis mqone moswavlisaTvis <strong>da</strong>, am<br />

mxriv, es zona mniSvnelovan <strong>da</strong>xmarebas gagiwevT.<br />

`nuca didxans undeba weras <strong>da</strong> misTvis gavakeTeb myudro<br />

kuTxes, sa<strong>da</strong>c igi marto muSaobas SeZlebs. kaxas rom gauadvildes<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis ga<strong>ge</strong>ba, <strong>da</strong>vsvam CemTan axlos <strong>da</strong> Tamunas<br />

gverdiT. isini erTmaneTs kargad ewyobian <strong>da</strong> Tamunac miexmareba.<br />

<strong>da</strong>fas <strong>da</strong> Cems skams ise Sevucvli adgils, rom mec <strong>da</strong><br />

moswavleebmac Tavisuflad vimoZraoT~.<br />

samuSao zona gaTvaliswinebulia individualuri <strong>da</strong> mcire<br />

jgufSi muSaobisaTvis. es aris myudro <strong>da</strong> moxerxebuli adgili<br />

iseTi samuSaos Sesasruleblad, rogoricaa wera, xatva,<br />

ra<strong>mes</strong> awyoba. is SeiZleba Seiqmnas sagamofeno <strong>da</strong> saTavso<br />

zonebis elementebisa <strong>da</strong> avejis gamoyenebiT.<br />

`Cemgan moSorebiT <strong>da</strong>vdgam kompiuters <strong>da</strong> mis siaxloves<br />

<strong>da</strong>vsvam Llukas. luka kargad erkveva aseT raRacebSi <strong>da</strong>,<br />

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mec momexmareba~.<br />

6<br />

teqnologiuri zona emsaxureba moswavlis <strong>da</strong>interesebas. ase-<br />

Ti zonis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi moswavle fiqrobs,rom skola<br />

sakmarisad Tanamedrove <strong>da</strong> teqnologiebiT mdi<strong>da</strong>ri adgilia.

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teqnologiur zonaSi SeiZleba moxvdes yvelaferi - <strong>da</strong>wyebuli<br />

gamomTvleli manqani<strong>da</strong>n, videoga<strong>da</strong>mRebisa <strong>da</strong> kompiuteris<br />

CaTvliT. maswavleblebi xSirad yoymanoben teqnologiebis<br />

gamoyenebisas. eSiniaT, raime ar <strong>da</strong>uziandes mowyobilobas. Aan,<br />

ubralod, ar ician misi moxmareba. moswavleebma SeiZleba<br />

maswavleblis <strong>da</strong>mxmares funqcia Seasrulon. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

kargi iqneba maTTvis am pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis <strong>da</strong>kisreba.<br />

EEeTeri maswavlebelma <strong>da</strong>amTavra saklaso oTxis mowyoba<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxva maswavleblebi moiwvia, rom maTi STabeWdilebebi gaeziarebina.<br />

maswavleblebis umarvlesobas moewona misi namuSevari,<br />

Tumca zogierTma aRniSna, rom TviTon mizanSewonilad ar miiCnevs<br />

moswavleebisaTvis amdeni moZraobis saSualebis micemas.<br />

klasis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong>s efeqtur gamoyenebaSi<br />

maswavlebels exmareba jgufebis marTvis<br />

sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva teqnika <strong>da</strong> swavlebis interaqciuli<br />

teqnologiebis floba.<br />

ix. gv. 35<br />

fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong>s <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmva saqarTveloSi gavrcelebulia<br />

marTkuTxedis formis saklaso oTaxebi. Tumca, Tanamedrove saklaso<br />

oTaxebis sxva formebic gvxvdeba.<br />

Cveulebriv, maswavlebels ar SeuZlia fizikuri elementebis<br />

Secvla, magram klasis struqturuli ga<strong>da</strong>nawileba mis kompetenciaSia.<br />

saklaso oTaxis aveji <strong>da</strong> zomebi saskolo oTaxis aveji<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos msubuqi <strong>da</strong> moswavlis zomis Sesaferisi, raTa bavSvma<br />

<strong>da</strong>moukideblad SeZlos misi advilad ga<strong>da</strong>adgileba; Tu<br />

moswavleebs uxdebaT maTTvis Seuferebeli zomis avejis<br />

gamoyeneba, es iwvevs uxerxulobas, usiamovnebis ganc<strong>da</strong>s <strong>da</strong><br />

gavlenas axdens moswavlis CarTulobaze.<br />

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situacia 2<br />

naTiam <strong>da</strong>svenebaze miakiTxa sofos. sofos klasSi gansxvavebuli<br />

skamebi <strong>da</strong> magidebia. `sofo, <strong>da</strong>vjdebi ra Sens magi<strong>da</strong>sTan,<br />

Tu SeiZleba. aqe<strong>da</strong>n albaT adgomac ar momindebo<strong>da</strong>, iseTi<br />

moxerxebulia <strong>da</strong> Tan, naxe, rogori msubuqia~.<br />

saklaso oTaxSi arsebul avejs un<strong>da</strong> hqondes garkveuli<br />

<strong>da</strong>tvirTva <strong>saswavlo</strong> saqmianobis Sesrulebisas. am <strong>da</strong>tvirTvas<br />

kargad warmoaCens saklaso oTaxSi moswavlis mier am avejis<br />

moxmarebis sixSire.<br />

saklaso oTaxis mowyobisas gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom aveji,<br />

romelsac bavSvi gamoiyenebs, iyos advilad gasawmendi, gansakuTrebiT<br />

es exeba magidisa Tu karadis ze<strong>da</strong>pirs.<br />

saklaso oTaxSi arsebuli aveji saSualebas un<strong>da</strong> aZlevdes<br />

moswavles, weriTi Tu sxva samuSaosaTvis hqondes Sesaferisi<br />

sivrce <strong>da</strong> sayrdeni. mas i<strong>da</strong>yvebi ar un<strong>da</strong> uvardebodes magidi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

<strong>da</strong> arc meore moswavles un<strong>da</strong> eSlebodes xeli. moswavlis<br />

skami un<strong>da</strong> iyos asakis Sesabamisi zomis.<br />

situacia 3.<br />

<strong>da</strong>To caciaa. Tavs uxerxulad grZnobs, roca marcxena xeliT<br />

kedelTan axlos zis, radgan am mdgomareobaSi mis xels Tavisuflad<br />

moZraobisaTvis sakmarisi adgili ar rCeba. <strong>da</strong>Tom maswavlebels<br />

auxsna es mdgomareoba <strong>da</strong> ekas gaucvala adgili.<br />

rezos aqvs fizikur moZraobasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli problema,<br />

maswavlebelma mas SeurCia naklebad sriala ze<strong>da</strong>piris mqone<br />

magi<strong>da</strong>, romelsac aqvs fexis <strong>da</strong>sadebi.<br />

amiT maswavlebeli cdilobs, rezos ufro moxerxebuli adgili<br />

SeurCios.<br />

moZraobis Tavisufleba<br />

moZraobisaTvis Tavisufali sivrcis Seqmna Zalian mniSvnelovania,<br />

bavSvebi Tavs SeyuJulad <strong>da</strong> viwrod ar un<strong>da</strong> grZnobdnen.<br />

saklaso oTaxSi moZraobisas isini erTmaneTs ar un<strong>da</strong><br />

ejaxebodnen.<br />

8

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situacia 4.<br />

nato mis klasSi erTaderTi etliani moswavlea, misi magidis<br />

fexebis Sesayofi Wrili sakmarisad maRalia <strong>da</strong> etli Seferxebis<br />

gareSe moZraobs. Aam saklaso oTaxSi merxebi <strong>da</strong><br />

sxva avejic iseT manZilzea, rom nato klasSi Tavisuflad<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>adgildeba.<br />

komunikacia fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong>s gamoyenebiT<br />

klasSi maswavleblis adgili gansazRvrulia,<br />

rogorc fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong>s TaviseburebiT, aseve<br />

mis mier moswavleebTan urTierTobis SerCeuli<br />

stiliT. saklaso oTaxis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong>s mowyobiT,<br />

konkretuli saklaso saqmianobi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare,<br />

maswavlebels SesaZlebloba aqvs, klasSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>ikavos misTvis mosaxerxebeli adgili.<br />

ix. gv. 12<br />

situacia 5.<br />

giorgi maswavlebelma moswavleebi wyvilebad <strong>da</strong>yo <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>valeba misca. Mmoswavleebi sxe<strong>da</strong>n wreSi. isini, wyvilebSi,<br />

erTmaneTisaken arian mibrunebulni <strong>da</strong> saubroben.<br />

giorgi maswavlebeli mori<strong>ge</strong>obiT uaxlovdeba TiToeul<br />

wyvils,yovndeba <strong>da</strong> usmens maT. erTma wyvilma sTxova <strong>da</strong>xmareba<br />

<strong>da</strong> is kidev erTxel uxsnis Sesasrulebeli amocanis pirobas.<br />

wyvilebis Semovlis Semdeg maswavlebeli saerTod gadis<br />

wri<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong> moSorebiT d<strong>ge</strong>ba. <strong>da</strong>valebisTvis gankuTvnili<br />

drois miwuruls maswavlebeli isev Sedis wreSi <strong>da</strong> iseT<br />

adgils ikavebs, sai<strong>da</strong>nac kargad xe<strong>da</strong>vs yvela moswavles <strong>da</strong><br />

maTac SeuZliaT misi aRqma.<br />

saklaso oTaxis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong> maswavleblisaTvis aris moswavlesTan,<br />

mSobelTan <strong>da</strong> sxva maswavleblebTan komunikaciis <strong>da</strong>mxmare sa-<br />

Sualeba.<br />

oTaxis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong> saklaso aqtivobis savizito baraTia. igi mimzidveli<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos rogorc moswavlisTvis,aseve maswavleblisa <strong>da</strong> mSoblisTvisac.<br />

saklaso oTaxis <strong>saswavlo</strong> miznebis Sesabamisad mowyoba <strong>da</strong> galamazeba<br />

xels uwyobs maswavleblis avtoritetis Camoyalibebas.<br />

9

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a<strong>da</strong>mianuri <strong>garemo</strong>cva<br />

a<strong>da</strong>mianur <strong>garemo</strong>Si gasaTvaliswinebelia TiToeuli moswavlis sociokulturuli<br />

Tavisebureba. oTaxis sivrceSi moswavleebis ganawilebisas<br />

yuradReba gaamaxvileT,rom yvela a<strong>da</strong>mians aqvs piradi veli.<br />

situacia 6.<br />

salo<strong>mes</strong> gverdiT <strong>da</strong>usves axali moswavle - Teona. KTeona<br />

sul salo<strong>mes</strong>ken ixreba <strong>da</strong> skamic axlos aqvs modgmuli. salome<br />

Tavs uxerxulad grZnobs. Mmas uWirs maswavleblis mosmena <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis Sesruleba.<br />

salo<strong>mes</strong> adrec ugrZvnia aseTi uxerxuloba, rodesac maswavlebeli<br />

mis merxTan Zalian axlos modio<strong>da</strong> xolme.<br />

piradi veli aris is manZili Cvensa <strong>da</strong> sxva a<strong>da</strong>mians Soris,<br />

romelic CvenTvis komfortuli <strong>da</strong> usafrTxoebis momgvrelia.<br />

a<strong>da</strong>mianebi erTmaneTisagan gansxvavdebian piradi velis zomiT.<br />

didi piradi velis mqone a<strong>da</strong>mianebisaTvis saWiroa, rom sxvebi<br />

misgan erT metrze meti manZiliT iyvnen <strong>da</strong>Sorebulni.<br />

piradi velis <strong>da</strong>rRveva, CvenTan sxva a<strong>da</strong>mianis zedmeti siaxlove,<br />

SeiZleba emociur <strong>da</strong>Zabulobas iwvevdes, rac koncentrirebuli<br />

samuSaos Sesrulebis dros xelisSemSlelia.<br />

maswavlebelma un<strong>da</strong> gaiTvaliswinos, rom piradi velis <strong>da</strong>r-<br />

Rveva SesaZlebelia, magram <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia moswavlis mzaobaze,<br />

saSualeba misces meore a<strong>da</strong>mians, Sevides mis pirad velSi.<br />

piradi urTierTobis faqtori <strong>da</strong> klasSi socialuri poziciebi<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>mwyvetia gar<strong>da</strong>texis asakSi,am dros moswavleebs aSkarad<br />

aqvT gamokveTili, visTan surT siaxlove <strong>da</strong> visTan - gancalkevebiT<br />

yofna. es faqtori kargad un<strong>da</strong> iyos gaazrebuli <strong>da</strong> gakontrolebuli<br />

maswavleblis mier. Tu moswavleebs saSualebas<br />

miscemT, <strong>da</strong>moukideblad airCion klasSi sakuTari samuSao adgili,<br />

rig SemTxvevebSi, maTTan SesaZloa Se<strong>ge</strong>qmnaT am poziciis<br />

SecvlasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli uTanxmoeba. mkveTrad Camoyalibebuli<br />

`es Cemi adgilia“ <strong>saswavlo</strong> zonebis principis gamoyenebis<br />

SemTxvevaSi xelisSemSlelia.<br />

10

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situacia 7.<br />

ivane gansakuTrebuli saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqone<br />

bavSvia. mas Semdeg, rac mas adgili Seucvala, maswavlebeli am-<br />

Cnevs, rom ivane adgilze ver Cerdeba, aqeT-iqiT trialebs.<br />

gansakuTrebuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> saWiroebis mqone bavSvebi SeiZleba<br />

mgrZnobiare aRmoCndnen klasSi adgilis Secvlis mimarT.<br />

mosalodnelia, rom es bavSvebi saerTod ar <strong>da</strong>Tanxmdnen saklaso<br />

oTaxSi ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebaze, amitomac maTi saWiroebis winaswari<br />

gaTvaliswineba xels SegiwyobT, saklaso aqtivobebi ise<br />

<strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmoT, rom aseTi saxis <strong>da</strong>brkolebebi ar warmoiqmnas.<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• saklaso oTaxis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong> saerTo <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

klimatis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani nawilia <strong>da</strong> did gavlenas<br />

axdens moswavleTa CarTulobaze <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesSi;<br />

• saklaso oTaxis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong> eqvemdebareba<br />

Tqvens kontrols; SeuqmeniT moswavleebs iseTi <strong>garemo</strong>,<br />

romelic maTTvis yvelaze mosaxerxebelia swavlisa <strong>da</strong><br />

gamocdilebis SeZenisaTvis;<br />

• klasis fizikur <strong>garemo</strong>Si cvlilebebis Setanisas,<br />

gaiTvaliswineT, ras emsaxureba es cvlilebebi <strong>da</strong> aucileblad<br />

SeuTanxmeT moswavleebsa <strong>da</strong> kole<strong>ge</strong>bs.<br />

11

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klasis marTvis stili<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

gakveTilze efeqtiani <strong>saswavlo</strong> klimatis Sesaqmnelad<br />

klasis marTvis rogori stilia optimaluri;<br />

ras gulisxmobs klasis marTvis demokratiuli stili;<br />

ratom aris mniSvnelovani moswavleebTan TanamSromlobiTi<br />

urTierToba;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> moviqceT, rom klasSi SevqmnaT iseTi atmosfero,<br />

romelic xels Seuwyobs, rogorc individualuri,<br />

aseve jgufuri pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis ganviTarebas.<br />

SeecadeT pasuxi gasceT Semdeg kiTxvebs:<br />

1. SesaZlebelia Tu ara, moswavleebma monawileoba miiRon<br />

gakveTilis wesebis SemuSavebaSi, miznebis gansazRvraSi, aqtivobebis<br />

SerCevaSi<br />

2. rogor un<strong>da</strong> moviqceT, rom gakveTilze moswavleTa qcevis<br />

problemebi minimumamde <strong>da</strong>viyvanoT <strong>da</strong> amisaTvis mkacri kontroli<br />

ar gaxdes saWiro<br />

3. ras niSnavs TanamSromlobiTi urTierToba<br />

4. rogor un<strong>da</strong> moviqceT, rom xeli SevuwyoT moswavlis<br />

<strong>da</strong>moukideblobis <strong>da</strong> pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis grZnobis ganviTarebas<br />

12

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warmovidginoT sami tipis gakveTili:<br />

situaciebi<br />

I. zari irekeba, bavSvebi garbian klasisken, maT ician, rom<br />

axla istoriis gakveTilia <strong>da</strong> istoriis maswavleblis mier<br />

<strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili wesebis <strong>da</strong>rRvevis SemTxvevaSi nebismieri moswavle<br />

mkacrad <strong>da</strong>isjeba. maswavleblis erTi gamoxedvac ki sakmarisia,<br />

rom klasSi samariseburma siCumem <strong>da</strong>isadguros. gakveTili<br />

yovelTvis mimdinareobs maswavleblis mier SemuSavebuli <strong>ge</strong>gmis<br />

<strong>da</strong> wesebis mixedviT. giorgi ar arRvevs gakveTilis wesebs<br />

<strong>da</strong>, am mxriv, maswavleblis SeniSvnac arasdros <strong>da</strong>umsaxurebia.<br />

bunebrivad <strong>da</strong>bali tempi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, mas dro sWirdeba informaciis<br />

gaazrebisTvis <strong>da</strong> rodesac cdilobs maswavleblis<br />

mier <strong>da</strong>smul kiTxvas pasuxi swrafad gasces, Secdomas uSvebs.<br />

Tumca mas ar eZleva saSualeba, TviTon ipovos swori gamosavali.<br />

maswavlebeli saswrafod svams mas adgilze <strong>da</strong> TviTon<br />

sTavazobs klass swor pasuxs, an sxva moswavleebTan ga<strong>da</strong>dis<br />

13

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imave SekiTxviT. msgavs SemTxvevas xSirad <strong>da</strong>svenebaze Tanaklaselebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>cinva mohyolia <strong>da</strong> giorgim ga<strong>da</strong>wyvita, rom istoriis<br />

gakveTilze sakuTari iniciativis gamoCenisgan Tavi Seikavos.<br />

marTalia sruli wesrigi sufevs, dro uqmad ar ikar<strong>ge</strong>ba<br />

<strong>da</strong> maswavlebeli maqsimalurad sruli informaciis miwodebas<br />

axerxebs, magram cotaa klasSi iseTi moswavle, romlisTvisac<br />

istoriis gakveTili <strong>da</strong>debiT emociebTan aris <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli.<br />

II. istoriis gakveTils qarTulis gakveTili mosdevs. bavSvebi<br />

<strong>da</strong>svenebaze cdiloben, moamzadon klasi, ga<strong>da</strong>dgilon magidebi<br />

<strong>da</strong> skamebi, <strong>da</strong>faze <strong>da</strong>weron Temis saTauri, SeTanxmdnen, vis ra<br />

roli eqneba erToblivi proeqtis prezentaciaSi, romelzec<br />

sakmaod didxans imuSaves maswavlebelTan erTad. maswavlebeli<br />

Semodis Sepirebuli proeqtoriT xelSi <strong>da</strong> xalisianad esalme-<br />

14

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a moswavleebs. mas aparaturis mowyobaSi is bavSvebi exmarebian,<br />

vinc dRevandel prezentaciaSi ar monawileoben. es wesi xom<br />

TviTon bavSvebma SeimuSaves. amasobaSi zaric irekeba <strong>da</strong> jgufi<br />

muSaobas iwyebs. maswavlebeli erT-erTi moswavlis gverdiT<br />

zis. igi, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, msmenelis rolSia, periodulad cdilobs,<br />

gamoexmauros <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>areguliros TiToeuli moswavlis Tanabari<br />

monawileoba. prezentaciis <strong>da</strong>srulebis Semdeg yvela moswavles<br />

aqvs sakuTari azris gamoTqmis saSualeba <strong>da</strong> Tu es umetesobis<br />

azrs ar emTxveva, aravin cdilobs mis ga<strong>da</strong>rwmunebas. isev maTive<br />

SemuSavebuli wesis mixedviT, roca erTi laparakobs, <strong>da</strong>narCenebi<br />

usmenen. TiToeul moswavles gakveTilze sakuTari roli <strong>da</strong><br />

pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba aqvs: zogma informacia moipova Temis Sesaxeb,<br />

zogma - fotoebi, zogma kompiuteruli versia Seqmna.<br />

III. gansxvavebuli suraTia biologiis gakveTilze. zari irekeba,<br />

maswavlebeli Semodis, Tumca moswavleebisTvis es ar aris<br />

sakmarisi, rom merxebs miusxdnen <strong>da</strong> gakveTilisTvis moemzadon.<br />

zogi saubrobs, zogi suraTebis alboms aTvalierebs, zogi ki<br />

sxva sagnis <strong>da</strong>valebas wers. maswavlebeli mTel klass mimar-<br />

Tavs:<br />

,, -aba, <strong>da</strong>sxediT <strong>da</strong> moemzadeT gakveTilisTvis!”<br />

moswavleebi auCqareblad miemarTebian merxebisken. maswavlebeli<br />

axla saTiTaod, saxelebiT miuTiTebs, rom mowesrigdnen.<br />

am dros ori moswavle <strong>da</strong>gvianebiT Semodis. samuSao ganwyobis<br />

SeqmnaSi sakmao dro ixarjeba. maswavlebeli kiTxvas svams,pasuxis<br />

ga<strong>ge</strong>ba rTulia, radgan yvela erTad cdilobs pasuxis gacemas.<br />

maswavleblis TxovniT erTi moswavle <strong>da</strong>fasTan gamodis<br />

<strong>da</strong> gakveTilis moyolas iwyebs, maswavlebels periodulad isev<br />

uxdeba moswavleebisTvis simSvidisken mowodeba, radgan xSiria<br />

adgili<strong>da</strong>n wamoZaxili, zogierTi isev sxva saqmianobiT aris<br />

<strong>da</strong>kavebuli.<br />

marTalia, am gakveTilze igrZnoba maswavleblis keTilganwyoba,<br />

moswavleebis Tavisuflebis xarisxi maRalia, magram<br />

wesebis <strong>da</strong> CarCoebis ararsebobis gamo rTulia gakveTilze<br />

konkretuli miznis miRweva, TiToeuli moswavlis Tanabari<br />

monawileobis SesaZleblobis uzrunvelyofa.<br />

Tqveni azriT, zemoT AaRniSnuli romeli tipis gakveTili<br />

aviTarebs moswavleebSi iseT mniSvnelovan unar-Cvevebs, rogoricaa<br />

<strong>da</strong>moukidebeli <strong>da</strong> SemoqmedebiTi muSaoba, TanamSromloba,<br />

swavlis mimarT <strong>da</strong>debiTi <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba, individualuri <strong>da</strong><br />

jgufuri pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba<br />

klasis marTva- es aris procesi, romelic miznad isaxavs<br />

15

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gakveTilis Seuferxeblad warmarTvas <strong>da</strong> moswavleTa arasasurveli<br />

qcevis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acilebas. klasis efeqtiani marTva, pirvel<br />

rigSi, gulisxmobs pirobebis Seqmnas mizanmimarTuli swavlebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> swavlisaTvis. am procesSi mniSvnelovani funqcia ekisreba<br />

maswavlebels <strong>da</strong> misi klasis marTvis stils.<br />

Tu sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva maswavleblis gakveTils <strong>da</strong>vakvirdebiT, rTuli<br />

ar aris maT Soris gansxvavebebis <strong>da</strong>naxva. es gamoixateba moswavleebis<br />

qcevaSi, swavlis mimarT <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebaSi, zoga<strong>da</strong>d,<br />

moswavleebis ganwyobaSi gakveTilze <strong>da</strong> <strong>saswavlo</strong> aqtivobebis<br />

saxeebSi. aRniSnul gansxvavebebs mniSvnelovnad gansazRvravs<br />

maswavleblis mier klasis marTvis stili. ganvixilavT ramdenime<br />

maTgans:<br />

demokratiuli – romelic efuZneba moswavle–maswavleblis<br />

Tanabaruflebianobas. gakveTilis Sedegis avtoric <strong>da</strong> pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>belic<br />

orive mxarea. maswavlebeli TiToeuli moswavlis<br />

azrs afasebs, aZlevs <strong>da</strong>moukideblobis, TviTgamoxatvis<br />

SesaZleblobas, uzrunvelyofs yvela moswavlis CarTulobas<br />

individualuri SesaZleblobebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare. TiToeul<br />

Secdomas mosdevs ara sasjeli, aramed <strong>da</strong>xmareba, rogorc<br />

maswavleblis, aseve sxva moswavleebis mxri<strong>da</strong>n. klasis mar-<br />

Tvis demokratiuli stilic gulisxmobs garkveul wesebs,<br />

sagakveTilo CarCoebs, Tu valdebulebebs, romelTa SemuSavebaSi<br />

aqtiur monawileobas iReben moswavleebi <strong>da</strong> TiToeul<br />

maTgans Tanabrad moeTxoveba maTi <strong>da</strong>cva.<br />

avtoritaruli _ romlis drosac ,,TamaSis~ wesebs yovelTvis<br />

maswavlebeli gansazRvravs. gakveTili mimdinareobs maswavleblis<br />

mier SemuSavebuli <strong>ge</strong>gmis mixedviT, yvela <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

komponents is gansazRvravs. misi ZiriTadi funqcia codnis<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>cemaa. maswavleblis mxri<strong>da</strong>n moswavleebis qcevis kontroli<br />

maRalia, moswavles evaleba morCileba.<br />

qaosuri _ romlis drosac ar aris gamokveTili sagakveTilo<br />

wesebi <strong>da</strong> CarCoebi. maswavleblis mxri<strong>da</strong>n moswavleebis qcevis<br />

kontroli <strong>da</strong>balia, mas keTilganwyobili <strong>da</strong> megobruli<br />

urTierToba aqvs moswavleebTan. Sesabamisad, moswavleebi ar<br />

arian SezRudulni <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis dros, Tumca aseT pirobebSi<br />

rTulia konkretuli miznis <strong>da</strong>saxva <strong>da</strong> Tanmimdevru-<br />

16

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li Sesruleba.<br />

gakveTili rTuli procesia, romelSic erTdroulad, <strong>da</strong>axloebiT,<br />

20-<strong>da</strong>n 40-mde bavSvi monawileobs. TiToeul maTgans<br />

aqvs gansxvavebuli interesebi, SesaZleblobebi, pirovnuli Taviseburebebi.<br />

maswavleblis winaSe dgas amocana: man un<strong>da</strong> uzrunvelyos<br />

TiToeuli moswavlis CarTuloba, Seqmnas SemoqmedebiTi<br />

aRmoCenebis xelSemwyobi <strong>garemo</strong> <strong>da</strong>, amavdroulad, Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aicilos<br />

disciplinis <strong>da</strong>rRvevebi. rogor un<strong>da</strong> moaxerxos maswavlebelma<br />

es<br />

rodesac maswavlebeli moswavleebisTvis ndobiT aRWurvili<br />

piria <strong>da</strong>, amavdroulad, namdvili partniori, Tanamosaubre,<br />

TanamSromeli, gakveTilze mimdinare aqtivobebis dros moswavleebi<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis Tanamonawileni <strong>da</strong> Tanaavtorebi<br />

arian, aseT SemTxvevaSi disciplinis <strong>da</strong>rRvevebi naklebia. sagakveTilo<br />

wesebis Sesrulebis pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba izrdeba, roca<br />

moswavleebs TviTon aqvT miRebuli aqtiuri monawileoba maT<br />

SemuSavebaSi. magaliTad,Ees wesebi,SesaZloa,exebodes jgufuri<br />

muSaobis dros qcevis CarCoebs. rodesac moswavleTa ideebi,<br />

interesebi, mignebebi gavlenas axdens sagakveTilo aqtivobebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> miznebis SerCevaze, isini kompetenturad grZnoben Tavs <strong>da</strong><br />

Sinagani pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis ganc<strong>da</strong>c mZafria. Tu gakveTilze Ti-<br />

Toeul moswavles aqvs Tavisi roli misi SesaZleblobebis <strong>da</strong><br />

interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT (ix. gakveTili I), amiT iziarebs<br />

jgufisTvis saerTo miznis miRwevis pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas, Sesabamisad,<br />

misi motivaciac maRalia <strong>da</strong> jgufuri pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis<br />

grZnobac viTardeba.<br />

mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma waaxalisos moswavleebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>moukidebeli qmedeba (mag. gakveTilis TemasTan <strong>da</strong>kav-<br />

Sirebuli <strong>da</strong>matebiTi informaciis mopoveba, <strong>da</strong>moukideblad aRmoCenili<br />

problemis ga<strong>da</strong>Wris gza); aseve, Tu gakveTilze yovel<br />

moswavles aqvs saSualeba, gabedulad gamoTqvas sakuTari azri<br />

<strong>da</strong> umravlesobisgan gansxvavebul mosazrebebic pativiscemiT<br />

moisminos <strong>da</strong> gaiTvaliswonos, maSin naklebia protestis gaCenis<br />

albaToba.<br />

aseTi midgoma gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania gar<strong>da</strong>maval<br />

asakSi, rodesac <strong>da</strong>moukideblobis moTxovnileba mZafrdeba <strong>da</strong>,<br />

<strong>da</strong>ukmayofileblobis SemTxvevaSi, xSirad arasasurveli qcevis<br />

saxiT iCens Tavs.<br />

arcTu iSviaTia iseTi SemTxvevebi, rodesac moswavleebis<br />

gar<strong>da</strong>mavali asakis <strong>da</strong>dgomasTan erTad gvesmis maswavleblis<br />

Civili:<br />

17

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_,,Cems klass ver vcnob!”<br />

_,,Tu adre iolad vimorCilebdi, axla araferi esmiT!”<br />

roca gakveTilze moswavleebis Tavisuflebis xarisxi <strong>da</strong>balia,<br />

maTi qceva mudmivad maswavleblis mxri<strong>da</strong>n kontroldeba,<br />

aseT pirobebSi TviTkontrolis Sinagani meqanizmebis Camoyalibebaze<br />

saubari SeuZlebelia. kvlevebiT <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>sturebulia,<br />

rom avtoritarul ojaxebSi aRzrdili bavSvebi mozrdilobaSi<br />

midrekilni arian agresiisken,aqvT <strong>da</strong>bali TviTSefaseba <strong>da</strong> a<strong>da</strong>mianebTan<br />

efeqturi urTierTobis unariT ar gamoirCevian.<br />

jansaRi sagakveTilo <strong>garemo</strong>s Sesaqmnelad mniSvnelovania,<br />

Tu rogor <strong>ge</strong>gmavs maswavlebeli gakveTils <strong>da</strong> rogor aRiqvams<br />

moswavle mas. gansxvavebiT avtoritaruli marTvis stilisagan,<br />

klasis marTvis demokratiuli stilis SemTxvevaSi, maswavlebelic<br />

<strong>da</strong> moswavlec erTnairad kmayofilia gakveTiliT.<br />

es ganxorcielebadia im SemTxvevaSi, Tu maswavleblis moTxovnebi<br />

Seesabameba moswavleTa individualur SesaZleblobebs<br />

<strong>da</strong> saWiroebebs, ar aris zedmetad rTuli an piriqiT, martivi.<br />

mag. <strong>da</strong>matebiTi amocanis micema im moswavlisTvis, vinc<br />

adre <strong>da</strong>amTavra jgufisTvis saerTo <strong>da</strong>valeba <strong>da</strong> meti drois<br />

micema im moswavlisTvis, visac neli muSaoba axasiaTebs. Ti-<br />

Toeuli moswavlis mier miRebuli Sedegis Sefaseba individualuri<br />

winsvlis gaTvaliswinebiT ise, rom yovelma moswavlem<br />

kargad gaacnobieros rogorc sakuTari, aseve sxvebis miRweva.<br />

aseTi midgoma a<strong>da</strong>sturebs, rom maswavlebeli pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas<br />

grZnobs TiToeuli moswavlis miRwevasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT <strong>da</strong> mis-<br />

Tvis mniSvnelovania, rom TiToeuli moswavle kmayofili iyos<br />

gakveTiliT.<br />

keTilganwyobili <strong>da</strong> mxar<strong>da</strong>mWeri <strong>garemo</strong> aucilebeli pirobaa<br />

bavSvis SesaZleblobebis maqsimaluri gamovlenisTvis<br />

<strong>da</strong> SemoqmedebiTi, aqtiuri pirovnebis CamoyalibebisTvis. amitom<br />

mniSvnelovania, rogorc maswavleblis <strong>da</strong>debiTi ganwyoba moswavleebis<br />

mimarT, aseve moswavleebs Soris jansaRi urTier-<br />

Tobebi. aRniSnulis uzrunvelsayofad maswavlebels SeuZlia<br />

waaxalisos moswavleebis mxri<strong>da</strong>n urTierT<strong>da</strong>xmarebis mcdeloba;<br />

mag. aRniSnos: ,, yoCaR, giorgi, rom sabas amocanis amoxsnis<br />

gzis povnaSi <strong>da</strong>exmare!”<br />

gakveTilis Seuferxeblad warmarTvisTvis <strong>da</strong> arasasurveli<br />

qcevebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asarideblad, mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebeli<br />

koncentrirebuli iyos jgufze, rogorc mTlianze, maSinac<br />

ki, roca moswavlesTan individualurad muSaobs. amisaTvis,<br />

SesaZlebelia, mTel jgufs mieces instruqcia, rom icodnen, ra<br />

akeTon manam, sanam pe<strong>da</strong>gogi romelime moswavlesTan imuSavebs.<br />

18

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odesac maswavlebeli cdilobs, Seqmnas ormxrivi ndobis,<br />

aRiarebis, Tanasworuflebianobis xelSemwyobi <strong>garemo</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

yoveli arasasurveli qceva miewereba ara araswor aRzr<strong>da</strong>s,<br />

mSoblebs an <strong>garemo</strong> pirobebs, aramed ganixileba, rogorc<br />

,,arademokratiuli” qceva maswavleblebis <strong>da</strong> megobrebis mimarT,<br />

Ees amZafrebs moswavlis pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis ganc<strong>da</strong>s, aZlierebs<br />

TviTkontrolis meqanizmebs <strong>da</strong>, Sesabamisad, mcirdeba arasasurveli<br />

qcevis gamovlenis albaTobac.<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, ipovoT pasuxi am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

mocemul yvela SekiTxvaze. <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gaeciT<br />

pasuxebi.<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• jansaRi <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>s uzrunvelsayofad<br />

yvelaze optimaluri <strong>da</strong> efeqturia klasis marTvis<br />

demokratiuli stili;<br />

• klasis marTvis demokratiuli stili gulisxmobs<br />

moswavleTa aqtiur Tanamonawileobas <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesebis<br />

<strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvasa <strong>da</strong> ganxorcielebaSi, maTi <strong>da</strong>moukideblobis<br />

<strong>da</strong> pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis grZnobis ganviTarebis<br />

xelSewyobas;<br />

• rodesac moswavleebi aqtiur monawileobas iReben<br />

sagakveTilo aqtivobebis, miznebis, wesebis SemuSavebaSi,<br />

saerTo miznis miRwevaSi TiToeuls Tavisi roli <strong>da</strong><br />

pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba aqvs, es xels uwyobs rogorc jgufuri,<br />

aseve individualuri pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis ganviTarebas;<br />

• Tanabaruflebianobaze, TanamSromlobiT midgomaze<br />

<strong>da</strong>fuZnebuli gakveTili saukeTeso saSualebaa moswavlis<br />

pirovnuli ganviTarebis xelSesawyobad.<br />

19

---

gakveTilis drois marTva<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ratom aris mniSvnelovani<br />

marTva;<br />

gakveTilis drois sworad<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> gamoiyenoT sagakveTilo dro ekonomiurad;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> CamouyaliboT moswavleebs gakveTilis<br />

drois efeqtianad gamoyenebis Cveva.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. Tqveni azriT, 45-wuTiani gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi <strong>da</strong>axloebiT<br />

ramdeni wuTi ixarjeba uSualod <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesze<br />

2. ra Sedegi SeiZleba mohyves gakveTilis drois araekonomiurad<br />

xarjvas<br />

3. ra xerxiT SeiZleba wavaxalisoT moswavleebi, rom gakveTilis<br />

dro usar<strong>ge</strong>blod ar <strong>da</strong>xarjon<br />

4. rogor un<strong>da</strong> vimoqmedoT gauTvaliswinebel situaciebSi<br />

drois kargvis minimumamde <strong>da</strong>sayvanad<br />

20

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*****<br />

maswavleblebi yovelTvis uCivian drois naklebobas. isini<br />

Tvlian,rom xSirad ar aris sakmarisi dro imisTvis, rom moswavleebi<br />

saTanadod <strong>da</strong>euflon <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gmiT gaTvaliswinebul<br />

masalas. amitomac udidesi mniSvneloba eniWeba gakveTilze<br />

drois optimalurad gamoyenebas. kvlevebi aCvenebs, rom gakveTilis<br />

drois sul mcire 10% ixarjeba klasis marTvis sakiTxebis<br />

mogvarebaSi, raTa maswavlebelma uzrunvelyos swavlisTvis<br />

saWiro pirobebis Seqmna. amasTan, gakveTilze yovelTvis Sei-<br />

Zleba Seiqmnas gauTvaliswinebeli situaciebi (xmauri kori-<br />

21

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dorSi, moulodneli stumari klasSi, moswavlis udisciplino<br />

saqcieli), romlebic aseve moiTxovs maswavleblis <strong>da</strong> moswavleebis<br />

yuradRebas. aseT SemTxvevaSi, swavlisTvis gankuTvnili<br />

dro kidev ufro mcirdeba. martivi ariTmetikuli gamoTvlac<br />

sakmarisia, raTa <strong>da</strong>vrwmundeT, rom TiToeul gakveTilze <strong>da</strong>karguli<br />

ori wuTic ki wlis bolosTvis usar<strong>ge</strong>blod gaflangul<br />

saaTebs utoldeba. gakveTilze drois <strong>da</strong>kargvas ori uaRresad<br />

seriozuli Sedegi mohyveba:<br />

1. gakveTilze, sa<strong>da</strong>c dro usar<strong>ge</strong>blod ixarjeba, gacilebiT<br />

metia disciplinis problemebi, vidre sworad ganawilebuli<br />

drois SemTxvevaSi;<br />

2. gakveTilis drois kargva pir<strong>da</strong>pir aisaxeba moswavleTa<br />

akademiur warmatebaze.<br />

Aamitomac, mniSvnelovania, vicodeT, rogor SevamciroT drois<br />

<strong>da</strong>nakargi minimumamde.<br />

pirveli, rac uTuod un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT, isaa, rom drois<br />

nayofierad gamoyeneba Tavad moswavlis interesebSi Sedis. mar-<br />

Talia, isini arRveven wesrigs, efantebaT yuradReba <strong>da</strong> guli<br />

ufro garTobisken miuwevT, magram es sulac ar niSnavs, rom ar<br />

aqvT survili, saintereso <strong>da</strong> sasar<strong>ge</strong>blo saqme akeTon. moswavleebsac<br />

sWirdebaT imis SegrZneba, rom maT am dRes warmatebiT<br />

Seasrules TavianTi samuSao. maTi es moTxovnileba SeiZleba<br />

SesaniSnavad gamoviyenoT, raTa moswavle Cvens Tanamoazred vaqcioT.<br />

I. <strong>da</strong>rwmuneba<br />

saubriT, diskusiiT, ganmartebebiTa <strong>da</strong> magaliTebiT, SevecadoT,<br />

<strong>da</strong>varwmunoT moswavle, rom <strong>saswavlo</strong> dro optimalurad<br />

un<strong>da</strong> gamoviyenoT. es, rasakvirvelia, ar niSnavs, rom am dRi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

moyolebuli, igi gakveTilze wuTsac ar gaacdens uqmad, magram<br />

imas ki SeiZleba mivaRwioT, rom moswavlem gaiazros Cveni<br />

moTxovnebis aucilebloba. momavalSi Cveni xSiri <strong>da</strong> mkacri<br />

Sexsenebebi, drois ekonomiurad xarjvasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, aRar<br />

aRiqmeba, rogorc ubralo <strong>da</strong>Jineba <strong>da</strong> nakleb winaaRmdegobas<br />

awydeba.<br />

am Temis aqcentirebisa <strong>da</strong> moswavleTaTvis drois marTvis<br />

Cvevis gamomuSavebisaTvis Zalian sasar<strong>ge</strong>blo SeiZleba gamod<strong>ge</strong>s<br />

martivi kiTxvari. magaliTad:<br />

22

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saxeli____________________<br />

TariRi________________________<br />

gaiazreT dRevandeli gakveTili <strong>da</strong> SeecadeT, gulwrfelad upasuxoT<br />

SekiTxvebs:<br />

1. gakveTili grZeldeba ______ wuTi.<br />

2. Cemi azriT, dRes me usar<strong>ge</strong>blod <strong>da</strong>vxarje ________ wuTi.<br />

3. aRniSne, is punqtebi, romelsac eTanxmebi.<br />

me ar vmuSaobdi ...<br />

• pirveli 5 wuTi<br />

• pirveli 10 wuTi<br />

• bolo 5 wuTi<br />

• <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli weris dros<br />

• roca sxvebi teqsts kiTxulobdnen<br />

• diskusiis dros<br />

• jgufuri muSaobisas<br />

• sxva (Tavad <strong>da</strong>amate)<br />

4. dRes me kargad vimuSave, roca<br />

_________________________________________<br />

5. Zalian advilad mefanteba yuradReba, roca<br />

__________________________<br />

6. dros ukeTesad gamoviyeneb, Tu<br />

__________________________________________<br />

7. maswavlebels vurCevdi<br />

__________________________________________________<br />

23

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amgvari kiTxvaris Sevseba gansakuTrebiT efeqturi iqneba ise-<br />

Ti gakveTilis Semdeg, roca, maswavleblis azriT, Cveulebrivze<br />

meti dro <strong>da</strong>ixarja uqmad. SekiTxvebi SeiZleba Seicvalos, raTa<br />

is konkretuli klasisa <strong>da</strong> gakveTilis saWiroebebs moergos,<br />

magram ucvleli rCeba mizani _ SevaxsenoT moswavleebs drois<br />

mniSvneloba <strong>da</strong> maTi pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba, rom gakveTilze dro maTsave<br />

sasar<strong>ge</strong>blod <strong>da</strong>ixarjos.<br />

II. <strong>da</strong>intereseba<br />

gamocdili maswavleblebi bevr gansxvavebul xerxs mimar-<br />

Taven, raTa moswavleebs gakveTilis drois sworad gamoyenebis<br />

stimuli miscen. am mizniT SeiZleba gamoviyenoT, magaliTad<br />

• 10-wamiani Sejibreba<br />

maswavlebeli aZlevs instruqcias: `bavSvebo, me <strong>da</strong>viTvli 10-<br />

<strong>da</strong>n 1-mde <strong>da</strong> vnaxoT,Tu moaswrebT,rom am 10 wamSi Tqveni wignebi,<br />

24

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veulebi <strong>da</strong> kalmebi ukve merxze iyos~. am xanmokle Sejibrebis<br />

Sedegia <strong>da</strong>zogili 3-4 wuTi <strong>da</strong> gaxalisebuli, energiiT aRsavse<br />

moswavleebi;<br />

• axali rekordi<br />

maswavlebeli Seaxsenebs moswavleebs, rom wina jerze maT<br />

zustad 20 wamSi moaxerxes gakveTilisTvis momzadeba (an merxebis<br />

mila<strong>ge</strong>ba <strong>da</strong> a. S.). dRes isini un<strong>da</strong> Seecadon, gaaumjobeson<br />

TavianTi rekordi. moswavleebisTvis saxalisoa Tavad Sejibreba<br />

<strong>da</strong> ar aris aucilebeli, maT rame jildo SevTavazoT kargi<br />

SedegisTvis;<br />

• saxaliso aqtivoba<br />

yvela problemur momentSi gamovuyoT moswavleebs sakmarisze<br />

meti dro (magaliTad, 2 wuTi jgufuri muSaobis Semdeg sakuTar<br />

merxebTan <strong>da</strong>brunebisTvis) <strong>da</strong> Tan gavafrTxiloT, rom maT mier<br />

am droi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>zogili wuTebi <strong>da</strong> wamebi <strong>da</strong>emateba `saxaliso aqtivobis<br />

dros~. `saxaliso aqtivoba~ es aris moswavleebisTvis<br />

gansakuTrebiT sayvareli aqtivoba (mag. TamaSi, kompiuterTan<br />

muSaoba, Sejibri), romelsac maswavlebeli klasTan SeTanxmebiT<br />

arCevs <strong>da</strong> risTvisac moswavleebi mTeli dRis an mTeli kviris<br />

ganmavlobaSi `agroveben wuTebs~, radgan `saxaliso aqtivobac~<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> miznebs emsaxureba.<br />

SeiZleba CaiTvalos, rom maswavleblis mier guluxvad<br />

gamoyofili dro uqmad ar ikar<strong>ge</strong>ba <strong>da</strong> moswavleebsac stimuli<br />

eZlevaT, iCqaron.<br />

es <strong>da</strong> am tipis sxva xerxebi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT garkveuli<br />

periodulobiT <strong>da</strong> amiT gakveTilis <strong>da</strong>sawyisi<strong>da</strong>nve SevqmnaT<br />

swrafi ritmi an aqtivobi<strong>da</strong>n aqtivobaze ga<strong>da</strong>svlis momentSi<br />

gamovafxizloT <strong>da</strong> gavaaqtiuroT moswavleebi.<br />

III. maswavleblis magaliTi<br />

yvela zemoTCamoTvlili saSualeba Sedegiani aRmoCndeba<br />

mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu moswavle maswavleblis piradi<br />

magaliTiT rwmundeba, ramdenad Zvirfasia gakveTilis dro. maswavlebeli<br />

TviTon un<strong>da</strong> iyos organizebulobisa <strong>da</strong> punqtualurobis<br />

magaliTi. Tu Cven Tavad vagvianebT, ramdenime wuTi<br />

veZebT saxelmZRvanelos <strong>da</strong> ver vpoulobT maTi <strong>da</strong>valebis rveu-<br />

25

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lebs, usar<strong>ge</strong>blo iqneba drois yairaTianad xarjvaze xangrZlivi<br />

saubari. yvelaze didi safrTxe iqmneba maSin, roca Cveni<br />

<strong>ge</strong>gma ver amarTlebs. xSirad xdeba, rom maswavlebeli winaswar<br />

sworad ver Tvlis aqtivobebisaTvis saWiro dros, an erT-erTi<br />

aqtivoba Cavardeba. magaliTad, imitom rom magnitofoni, romlis<br />

imedic gvqon<strong>da</strong>, ar muSaobs. moswavleebma ar un<strong>da</strong> igrZnon,<br />

rom maswavlebeli gakveTilis bolo 10-15 wuTi eZebs, Tu rogor<br />

gaiyvanos dro. amgvari SemTxvevebisTvis aucileblad un<strong>da</strong><br />

gvqondes saTa<strong>da</strong>rigo <strong>ge</strong>gma. es SeiZleba iyos imave aqtivobis<br />

organizebis sxva varianti, an gakveTilis mizanTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli<br />

<strong>da</strong>matebiTi aqtivoba im moswavleTaTvis, vinc samuSaos<br />

adre <strong>da</strong>asrulebs.<br />

miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad maswavleblis yvela mcdelobisa, aris SemTxvevebi,<br />

roca gakveTilis mimdinareobas gauTvaliswinebeli movlenebi<br />

arRvevs. magaliTad, moulodneli stumari, xmauri mezobeli saklaso<br />

oTaxi<strong>da</strong>n, moswavlis gamoZaxeba direqciaSi <strong>da</strong> a.S. amgvari<br />

SemTxvevebis nawili SeiZleba Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aviciloT direqciasTan<br />

<strong>da</strong> kole<strong>ge</strong>bTan garkveuli SeTanxmebis miRwevis Sedegad.<br />

<strong>da</strong>narCen SemTxvevaSi mxolod is SegviZlia,minimumamde <strong>da</strong>viyvanoT<br />

gakveTilis SewyvetiT gamowveuli areuloba <strong>da</strong> SevecadoT,<br />

moswavleTa yuradReba maqsimalurad fokusirebuli <strong>da</strong>rCes aqtivobaze.<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, ipovoT pasuxi am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

mocemul yvela SekiTxvaze. <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gaeciT<br />

pasuxebi.<br />

26

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ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• gakveTilis drois araswor marTvas Sedegad mosdevs<br />

disciplinis problemebi <strong>da</strong> moswavleTa akademiuri Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />

gauareseba;<br />

• drois efeqtian marTvas maswavlebeli moswavleTa <strong>da</strong>xmarebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> monawileobis gareSe ver SeZlebs. amitom igi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> Seecados, aqtiurad Caabas moswavleebi am procesSi<br />

diskusiis, kiTxvarebis <strong>da</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxaliso aqtivobis<br />

saSualebiT;<br />

• Tavisi qmedebiTa <strong>da</strong> gakveTilis efeqturi <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmviT<br />

maswavlebeli Tavad un<strong>da</strong> iZleodes drois ekonomiurad<br />

gamoyenebis magaliTs;<br />

• moulodnel situaciebSi maswavleblis mTavari amocanaa,<br />

minimumamde <strong>da</strong>iyvanos am situaciiT gamowveuli areuloba<br />

<strong>da</strong> umokles xanSi isev ga<strong>da</strong>itanos moswavleTa yuradReba<br />

samuSaoze.<br />

27

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gakveTilis etapebi<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ras niSnavs gakveTilis efeqtianad <strong>da</strong>wyeba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mTavreba;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> SevqmnaT samuSao <strong>garemo</strong> gakveTilis pirveli<br />

wuTebi<strong>da</strong>nve;<br />

rogor SevamciroT drois <strong>da</strong>nakargi aqtivobi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

aqtivobaze ga<strong>da</strong>svlisas;<br />

ra mizniT un<strong>da</strong> gamoviyenoT<br />

etapi.<br />

gakveTilis <strong>da</strong>skvniTi<br />

situacia<br />

zari <strong>da</strong>ireka. maswavlebeli dgas <strong>da</strong> uyurebs moswavleebs,<br />

romlebic nel-nela Semodian klasSi, jer megobrebis merxebTan<br />

SeCerdebian <strong>da</strong> agrZeleben koridorSi <strong>da</strong>wyebul saubars, mere<br />

TavianT merxebs miusxdebian <strong>da</strong> mSvi<strong>da</strong>d iwyeben saWiro wignebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> rveulebis Zebnas CanTaSi. am saqmianobaSi gakveTilis<br />

pirveli 5-10 wuTi absoluturad usar<strong>ge</strong>blod gadis. problema<br />

mxolod am drois <strong>da</strong>kargva ki araa, aramed isic, rom gakveTilis<br />

ritms, moswavleTa samuSao ganwyobilebas xSirad pirveli<br />

wuTebi gansazRvravs.<br />

28

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moswavleebi siamovnebiT gadmoitanen klasSi im arasamuSao<br />

ganwyobas, romelic Sesvenebaze iqmneba.<br />

amis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asacileblad maswavlebelma<br />

un<strong>da</strong> moaxerxos saklaso samuSao <strong>garemo</strong>s Seqmna.<br />

ucilebelia, SevimuSavoT qcevis wesebi Tu moTxovnebi,<br />

romlebic yvela gakveTilis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

meordeba, nacnobia moswavleebisTvis <strong>da</strong> exmareba<br />

maT gonebrivad <strong>da</strong> emociurad ganewyon axali<br />

gakveTilisTvis. am wesebis moswavleebTan erTad<br />

SemuSaveba ufro Sedegiania. es wesebi SeiZleba<br />

yvela maswavleblisTvis individualuri, magram,<br />

aucileblad skolis Sinaganawesis Sesabamisi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos. aseve, sasurvelia, gaviTvaliswinoT<br />

ramdenime rCeva<br />

ix. gv. 65<br />

29

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• zaris <strong>da</strong>rekvamde SediT klasSi, moamzadeT <strong>da</strong>fa, TvalsaCinoeba,<br />

gasinjeT magnitofoni, SeamowmeT gakveTilisTvis saWiro<br />

yvela resursi (magaliTad, cdisTvis saWiro masala). Tqveni mizani<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos is, rom zaris <strong>da</strong>rekvisTanave SeqmnaT samuSao<br />

ganwyoba, <strong>da</strong> ara mxolod fizikurad imyofebodeT saklaso<br />

oTaxSi. amiT moswavleebs uCvenebT, Tu ramdenad pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobiT<br />

ekidebiT gakveTils <strong>da</strong> sakuTari punqtualurobiT maTac<br />

magaliTs miscemT;<br />

• See<strong>ge</strong>beT moswavleebs saklaso oTaxSi SemosvlisTanave -<br />

miesalmeT, <strong>da</strong>uri<strong>ge</strong>T <strong>da</strong>valebis rveulebi an sxva masala, rac<br />

gakveTilisTvis gWirdebaT; gamoiyeneT es dro maT SekiTxvebze<br />

pasuxis gasacemad, individualuri problemebis ganxilvisTvis,<br />

zogadi komentarebisTvis, romlebic, saboloo jamSi, xels Seuwyobs<br />

maswavlebelsa <strong>da</strong> moswavleebs Soris keTilganwyobasa <strong>da</strong><br />

urTierTga<strong>ge</strong>bas;<br />

• bevri problemis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acileba SeiZleba, Tu moviTxovT,<br />

rom moswavleebma saklaso oTaxSi SemosvlisTanave miaSuron<br />

TavianT merxebs. amiT xels SevuSliT maT mcdelobas, rom<br />

Sesvenebaze <strong>da</strong>wyebuli problemebis ganxilva klasSi ganagrZon.<br />

moTxovna, rom yvela moswavle <strong>da</strong>uyovnebliv sakuTar merxs miujdes,<br />

saukeTeso saSualebaa gakveTilze <strong>da</strong> swavlis procesze<br />

maTi yuradRebis koncentrirebisTvis;<br />

• erT-erTi xerxi, romelic <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>xmarebaT moswavleTa yuradRebis<br />

mobilizebaSi, aris Tqveni moTxovnebis <strong>da</strong>faze winaswarve<br />

Camowera. aman SeiZleba aseTi saxe miiRos:<br />

30<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>SaleT wignebi gv. 42;<br />

moamzadeT saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebis rveulebi Sesamowmeblad;<br />

CaiwereT rveulSi dRevandeli gakveTilis Tema.<br />

• Sesvenebas <strong>da</strong> gakveTils erTmaneTisgan swored samuSao<br />

atmosfero ganasxvavebs. es atmosfero un<strong>da</strong> iqmnebodes moswavlis<br />

saklaso oTaxSi SemosvlisTanave. <strong>da</strong>faze an merxebze<br />

un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>xvdeT mokle, Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT advili <strong>da</strong>valeba. am mokle<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis mizania, Seamzados moswavleebi gakveTilis ZiriTadi<br />

nawilisaTvis, SeiZleba gamoviyenoT <strong>da</strong>valeba, romelic Seaxsenebs<br />

moswavleebs ganvlil masalas <strong>da</strong> moamzadebs nia<strong>da</strong>gs axali<br />

TemisTvis. es aqtivoba un<strong>da</strong> iyos saintereso <strong>da</strong> saxaliso, raTa

---

moaxerxos moswavleebis yuradRebis ga<strong>da</strong>rTva klasgareSe interesebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

gakveTilis Temaze. amasTan, igi sakmarisad martivi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos, rom moswavleebma mokle droSi <strong>da</strong>moukideblad an<br />

wyvilebSi SeZlon misi Sesruleba. gaiTvaliswineT, rom es ar<br />

aris Cveulebrivi testi, romelic miznad isaxavs moswavlis<br />

codnis Semowmebas. Cveni mTavari mizani drois usar<strong>ge</strong>blod<br />

kargvis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acileba <strong>da</strong> moswavlis <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesSi<br />

CarTvaa. aseTi <strong>da</strong>valebebis mofiqreba, gakveTilis <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

mizni<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, ar iqneba rTuli. magaliTad, SeiZleba<br />

vTxovoT moswavleebs:<br />

gaiazron an ganixilon TemasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli citata,<br />

an<strong>da</strong>za an martivi formula;<br />

upasuxon 4 SekiTxvas wina dRes ganvlili masali<strong>da</strong>n;<br />

ramdenime punqtad CamoTvalon, ra ician ukve axali<br />

gakveTilis Temis irgvliv;<br />

gamoTqvan varaudi imasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, Tu raze iqneba<br />

axali gakveTili misi saTauris, suraTis (an suraTebis),<br />

teqsti<strong>da</strong>n amokrebili mniSvnelovani frazebis, an rame sxva<br />

saxis miniSnebebis mixedviT;<br />

CamoTvalon sami mizezi (mag. praqtikuli gamoyeneba), ris<br />

gamoc aucilebelia (an ar aris aucilebeli) am Temis Seswavla;<br />

waikiTxon mokle sagazeTo statia (an nawyeti statii<strong>da</strong>n),<br />

magaliTad, im qveynis Sesaxeb, romlis Seswavlasac viwyebT;<br />

CamoTvalon, ra problemebi Sexv<strong>da</strong>T saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebis<br />

Serulebisas (SeiZleba gakeTdes wyvilebSi);<br />

amoxsnan rame Tavsatexi, krosvordi, saxaliso gamocana.<br />

am <strong>da</strong>valebebis mofiqrebisas maswavleblis fantazias sruli<br />

gasaqani eZleva. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom ar aris aucilebeli, am<br />

dros Sesrulebuli <strong>da</strong>valeba detalurad gaswordes. mTavaria,<br />

<strong>da</strong>vrwmundeT, rom moswavlem moindoma misi Sesruleba. Tu moswavle<br />

mas seriozulad miudga, maSasa<strong>da</strong>me, Cveni mizani miRweu-<br />

31

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lia, igi Seudga samuSao process, e.i. gakveTili <strong>da</strong>iwyo.<br />

aqtivobi<strong>da</strong>n aqtivobaze ga<strong>da</strong>svla<br />

es procesi Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT umtkivneulod warimarTeba, roca aqtivobebi<br />

logikurad ebmis erTmaneTs. am SemTxvevaSi moswavleebs<br />

ar uWirT erTi aqtivobi<strong>da</strong>n meoreze ga<strong>da</strong>rTva, maswavleblis<br />

instruqciebic Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT martivia <strong>da</strong> nakleb dros<br />

moiTxovs. Kkargad <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmil gakveTilzec klasis organizebis<br />

sakiTxebi garkveul dros moiTxovs. magaliTad, klasma<br />

<strong>da</strong>asrula <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli samuSao <strong>da</strong> Semdegi aqtivoba jgufur<br />

muSaobas iTvaliswinebs. es TavisTavad gulisxmobs moswavleTa<br />

moZraobas, SesaZlebelia, skamebis ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebasac. Tu realurad<br />

am saqmianobas 1-2 wuTi sWirdeba, moswavleebma SeiZleba<br />

amas gacilebiT meti dro moandomon. am problemis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

asacileblad ramdenime nabijis ga<strong>da</strong>dgma SeiZleba:<br />

• mivceT naTeli instruqcia <strong>da</strong> aucileblad ganvsaz-<br />

RvroT dro, rasac vaZlevT maT yvela saWiro proceduris<br />

Sesasruleblad;<br />

• udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs imas, Tu sad imyofeba<br />

am periodSi maswavlebeli. igi fexze un<strong>da</strong> iyos <strong>da</strong> akontrolebdes,<br />

ras akeTeben moswavleebi. maswavleblis aqtiuri<br />

yuradReba yvelaze efeqturi saSualebaa drois usar<strong>ge</strong>blod<br />

xarjvis winaaRmdeg;<br />

• am dros ar aris sasurveli, pasuxi gavceT moswavleTa<br />

SekiTxvebs (mag. wina an axal <strong>da</strong>valebebTan <strong>da</strong>kav-<br />

SirebiT), radgan gar<strong>da</strong>mavali etapi, marTvis TvalsazrisiT,<br />

erT - erTi yvelaze rTuli momentia <strong>da</strong> am dros yuradReba<br />

warmoqmnili sirTuleebis swrafad mogvarebaze un<strong>da</strong> iyos<br />

fokusirebuli. SekiTxvebze pasuxi, umjobesia, im momentisTvis<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>vdoT, roca moswavleebi mzad arian mosasmenad.<br />

gakveTilis <strong>da</strong>sruleba<br />

gakveTilis bolo wuTebSi maswavleblis ZiriTadi mizania,<br />

logikur <strong>da</strong>sasrulamde miiyvanos ganxiluli Tema <strong>da</strong> Seamowmos,<br />

ramdenad moxerx<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmili <strong>saswavlo</strong> miznis miRweva. Tu<br />

gakveTilis romelime etapze Cven arasworad gavTvaleT dro,<br />

es aucileblad gamomJRavndeba swored bolo wuTebSi. Tu aq-<br />

32

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tivobebs imaze naklebi dro <strong>da</strong>sWir<strong>da</strong>, vidre <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmili gqon<strong>da</strong>T,<br />

morCenili wuTebi Zalian efeqturad SeiZleba gamoiyenoT<br />

gakveTilis Sesajameblad <strong>da</strong> imis Sesamowmeblad, Tu rogor<br />

aiTvises moswavleebma axali informacia. ufro seriozuli<br />

problema iqmneba, Tu gakveTilis ZiriTad nawils <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmilze<br />

met dros <strong>da</strong>vuTmobT. zaris <strong>da</strong>rekvis Semdeg maswavleblis<br />

mier <strong>da</strong>smuli SekiTxvebi, micemuli <strong>da</strong>valeba <strong>da</strong> ganmartebebi<br />

uaRresad araefeqturia. Aamitom, rekomendebulia, <strong>da</strong>skvniTi<br />

etapisTvis gamovyoT <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 10 wuTi,romelsac gamoiyenebT,<br />

raTa<br />

1. SeajamoT gakveTilze ganxiluli masala. am mizniT<br />

SeiZleba<br />

a. SeaxsenoT moswavleebs, ra iyo dRevandeli gakveTilis<br />

mizani <strong>da</strong> erTad gansazRvroT, ramdenad moxerx<strong>da</strong> misi<br />

miRweva;<br />

b. <strong>da</strong>xuruli kiTxvebis saSualebiT SeamowmeT (gaimeoreT)<br />

gakveTilze ganxiluli masala;<br />

2. sTxoveT moswavleebs, Seafason gakveTilis efeqturoba.<br />

magaliTad,<br />

a. moswavleebi CamoTvlian 3 ra<strong>mes</strong>, rac im dRes iswavles<br />

<strong>da</strong> Sea<strong>da</strong>reben am sias TavianTi partniorisas (wyvilebSi<br />

an jgufebSi);<br />

b. moswavleebi mokled axasiaTeben (SeiZleba werilobiT)<br />

dRevandeli gakveTilis yvelaze saintereso aspeqts;<br />

3. <strong>da</strong>akavSireT es gakveTili SemdegTan, raTa gaaRvivoT<br />

interesi <strong>da</strong> Tanac <strong>da</strong>exmaroT moswavleebs masalis er-<br />

Tian sistemaSi aRqmaSi. magaliTad,<br />

a. sTxoveT moswavleebs, gamoicnon, ra iqneba Semdegi<br />

gakveTilis Tema;<br />

b. uTxariT maT, ras Seexeba Semdegi gakveTili;<br />

4. CaawerineT moswavleebs saSinao <strong>da</strong>valeba <strong>da</strong><br />

mieciT misi SesrulebisTvis saWiro yvela rekomen<strong>da</strong>cia <strong>da</strong><br />

rCeva. xSirad saWiro xdeba, magaliTis saSualebiT SeamowmoT,<br />

aqvT Tu ara ga<strong>ge</strong>buli, risi gakeTeba evalebaT. agreTve,<br />

sasurvelia, sTxovoT moswavleebs, rom Tavad gansazRvron,<br />

<strong>da</strong>axloebiT ramdeni xani <strong>da</strong>sWirdebaT am <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesasruleblad.<br />

bolo wuTi <strong>da</strong>uTmeT imas, rom moswavleebma Caalagon CanTebi<br />

<strong>da</strong> mialagon samuSao adgili. esec <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili qcevis wesebis<br />

33

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nawili un<strong>da</strong> gaxdes. <strong>da</strong> bolos, <strong>da</strong>emSvidobeT moswavleebs. Uumjobesia,<br />

am dros karTan id<strong>ge</strong>T, radgan amiT Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aicilebT<br />

uwesrigobas <strong>da</strong> Tan SeZlebT, individualuri komentarebiT <strong>da</strong><br />

saubriT <strong>da</strong>SordeT moswavleebs, rac maTTvis Tqveni yuradRebis<br />

<strong>da</strong> siTbos gamoxatuleba iqneba.<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, ipovoT pasuxi am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

mocemul yvela SekiTxvaze. <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gaeciT<br />

pasuxebi.<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• maswavlebelma saklaso oTaxSi SemosvlisTanave<br />

un<strong>da</strong> moaxerxos moswavlis yuradRebis ga<strong>da</strong>rTva <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

procesze, misi <strong>da</strong>intereseba, gonebrivad <strong>da</strong> emociurad<br />

ganwyoba axali gakveTilisTvis. am mizniT un<strong>da</strong><br />

gamoviyenoT mokle, martivi, saintereso <strong>da</strong> gakveTilis<br />

miznebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli aqtivoba;<br />

• aqtivobi<strong>da</strong>n aqtivobaze ga<strong>da</strong>svlis epizodebi, mar-<br />

Tvis TvalsazrisiT, uaRresad rTulia. maTi efeqtianad<br />

warmarTva maswavleblisganDsrul koncentracias <strong>da</strong><br />

aqtiur monawileobas moiTxovs;<br />

• gakveTilis <strong>da</strong>skvniT etapze maswavleblis amocanaa,<br />

Seamowmos, ramdenad moxerx<strong>da</strong> gakveTilis <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

miznis miRweva <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>anaxos moswavleebs logikuri kav-<br />

Siri ganvlil masalasa <strong>da</strong> momaval gakveTils Soris.<br />

34

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saklaso organizaciis modelebi<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ras niSnavs saklaso organizaciis modelebi;<br />

ratom aris mniSvnelovani saerTo saklaso, individualuri<br />

<strong>da</strong> jgufuri muSaobis gamoyeneba swavlebis procesSi;<br />

ra SemTxvevaSia umjobesi TiToeuli maTganis<br />

gamoyeneba.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT moyvanil situaciebs, <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

situacia 1.<br />

warmoidgineT, rom SeixedeT Tqveni kolegis saklaso oTax-<br />

Si gakveTilis mimdinareobisas <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>inaxeT, rom moswavleebi<br />

3-4 kaciani jgufebSi ganawilebulan <strong>da</strong> gacxarebiT saubroben.<br />

bevri maTgani zurgiT zis <strong>da</strong>fisa <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis magidisaken.<br />

Tavad maswavlebeli Tavi<strong>da</strong>n verc SeniSneT, bolos ki <strong>da</strong>inaxeT,<br />

rom igi erT-erT jgufTan zis <strong>da</strong> moswavleebs esaubreba.<br />

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situacia 2.<br />

saklaso oTaxSi merxebi ri<strong>ge</strong>ba<strong>da</strong>a ganla<strong>ge</strong>buli, moswavleebis<br />

yuradReba <strong>da</strong>fisa <strong>da</strong> maT win mdgomi maswavlebliskenaa<br />

mipyrobili. isini xelis aweviT aniSneben maswavlebels, roca<br />

pasuxis gacema an azris gamoTqma surT.<br />

36

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a) rogori iqnebo<strong>da</strong> Tqveni STabeWdileba I situaciis xilvisas<br />

aqvs Tu ara am SemTxvevaSi mniSvneloba, ra sagans aswavlis<br />

maswavlebeli<br />

b) Sea<strong>da</strong>reT erTmaneTs es ori situacia <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyviteT, saklaso<br />

organizaciis romeli modeli ufro gamarTlebulia im<br />

SemTxvevaSi, roca:<br />

1. maswavlebeli axal gakveTils xsnis;<br />

2. moswavleebi pasuxoben maswavleblis SekiTxvebs ganvlili<br />

gakveTilis irgvliv;<br />

3. moswavleebi cdiloben, ipovon maswavleblis mier SemoTavazebuli<br />

problemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetis gza;<br />

4. moswavleebi asruleben savarjiSos sakuTar rveulebSi;<br />

5. moswavleebi erToblivad amzadeben proeqts.<br />

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<strong>da</strong>akvirdiT klasSi moswavleTa ganla<strong>ge</strong>bis qvemoT moyvanil<br />

sqemebs<br />

maswavlebeli<br />

maswavlebeli<br />

maswavlebeli<br />

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axla SeecadeT, gansazRvroT, romeli maTgania ufro gamarTlebuli:<br />

a) saerTo saklaso muSaobisas (magaliTad, roca maswavlebeli<br />

axal masalas xsnis);<br />

b) <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli samuSaos Sesrulebisas;<br />

g) mcire jgufebad muSaobisas (magaliTad, roca moswavleebi<br />

4-kacian jgufebSi cdiloben problemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetas).<br />

*****<br />

roca saubaria saskolo gakveTilze, upirveles yovlisa,<br />

Tvalwin gvid<strong>ge</strong>ba grZel ri<strong>ge</strong>bad Camwkrivebul merxebTan mimj<strong>da</strong>ri<br />

moswavleebi <strong>da</strong> maT win mdgomi maswavlebeli, romelic<br />

klass mimarTavs. es swavlebis organizaciis yvelaze gavrcelebuli<br />

formaa mTels msoflioSi.<br />

saklaso interaqciis (saklaso interaqcia gulisxmobs urTierTqmedebas,<br />

urTierTobas gakveTilis procesSi. aq gamoyofen<br />

or formas: maswavlebeli-moswavlis interaqcia <strong>da</strong> moswavlemoswavlis<br />

interaqcia. es ukanaskneli sakmaod iSviaTia tradiciuli<br />

meTodebiT swavlebisas) yvelaze miRebul modelad<br />

dRemde rCeba `inicireba-pasuxi-reaqcia~. am modelSi maswavlebeli<br />

aris interaqciis iniciatori,igi iwyebs saubars (mag. svams<br />

SekiTxvas), erT-erTi moswavle pasuxobs <strong>da</strong> am pasuxs mosdevs<br />

maswavleblis reagireba (Sefaseba, Sesworeba, SeniSvna an <strong>da</strong>matebiTi<br />

informacia).<br />

miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom saklaso organizaciis es forma yvelaze<br />

ufro gavrcelebulia, igi ar aris erTaderTi. maswavleblisTvis<br />

uaRresad mniSvnelovania, icodes sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva modelis<br />

Zlieri <strong>da</strong> susti mxareebi <strong>da</strong>, saWiroebis mixedviT, SeeZlos maTi<br />

gamoyeneba. ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d ganixilaven moswavleTa <strong>da</strong>jgufebis Semdeg<br />

variantebs:<br />

a) saerTo saklaso muSaoba;<br />

b) individualuri muSaoba;<br />

g) jgufuri muSaoba.<br />

saerTo saklaso muSaoba gulisxmobs im SemTxvevebs, roca<br />

maswavlebeli muSaobs erTdroulad mTel klasTan, magali-<br />

Tad, kiTxvebis saSualebiT amowmebs maT codnas.<br />

39

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marTalia, am dros TiToeul <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvas erTi moswavle<br />

pasuxobs, magram mis pasuxs mTeli klasi ismens. swored<br />

amitom es un<strong>da</strong> CaiTvalos saerTo saklaso muSaobad.<br />

saklaso organizaciis es modeli, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT,<br />

yvelaze tradiciulia. mas bevri <strong>da</strong>debiTi mxare aqvs. upirveles<br />

yovlisa, maswavlebels aqvs saSualeba, erTianad mimarTos<br />

mTel klass <strong>da</strong> miawodos informacia, romlis individualurad<br />

an jgufebad miwodebac Zalian did dros waiReb<strong>da</strong>. amdenad, es<br />

forma Seucvlelia, roca maswavlebeli:<br />

• xsnis axal masalas;<br />

• aZlevs miTiTebebs;<br />

• saubrobs saorganizacio sakiTxebze;<br />

• aCvenebs suraTs, TvalsaCinoebas;<br />

• asmeninebs moswavleebs audioCanawers;<br />

• ukiTxavs klass moTxrobas;<br />

• moswavle an Tavad maswavlebeli muSaobs <strong>da</strong>fasTan.<br />

kidev erTi mniSvnelovani aspeqti saerTo saklaso muSaobisa,<br />

aris is, rom am dros yalibdeba klasis erTianobis SegrZneba.<br />

moswavleebs uCndebaT ganc<strong>da</strong>, rom isini erTi didi gundis<br />

wevrebi arian <strong>da</strong> erTnairad arian Cabmuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesSi.<br />

maT aqvT saerTo interesebi <strong>da</strong> problemebi,maT mimarT Tanabrad<br />

momTxovnebi arian. maswavlebelic am dros, rogorc arasdros,<br />

SeigrZnobs klasis ganwyobas, mis <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebas sagnis, konkretuli<br />

masalis <strong>da</strong> situaciis mimarT.<br />

un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos isic, rom saerTo saklaso muSaoba yvelaze<br />

nacnobi formaa qarTveli maswavleblisTvis. gamocdilma maswavlebelma<br />

kargad icis, rogor gamoiyenos Tavisi avtoriteti<br />

erToblivi muSaobis warmatebiT warmarTvisaTvis. amitomac moswavleebic<br />

<strong>da</strong> maswavlebelic am Cveul <strong>garemo</strong>Si komfortulad<br />

grZnoben Tavs, rac <strong>da</strong>debiTad aisaxeba swavlebis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bze.<br />

40

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<strong>da</strong>moukidebeli muSaoba gulisxmobs imas, rom garkveuli periodis<br />

ganmavlobaSi bavSvi muSaobs marto, maswavleblis an<br />

sxva moswavleebis uSualo meTvalyureobis gareSe.<br />

es aris meore, CvenTvis Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT nacnobi modeli klasis<br />

organizaciisa. <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli muSaobis magaliTebia, roca moswavle<br />

klasSi an Sin <strong>da</strong>moukideblad:<br />

• asrulebs raime savarjiSos;<br />

• wers Txzulebas;<br />

• xsnis magaliTs;<br />

• kiTxulobs teqsts;<br />

• muSaobs proeqtze;<br />

• moiZiebs <strong>saswavlo</strong> programasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul <strong>da</strong>matebiT<br />

masalebs.<br />

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<strong>da</strong>moukidebeli muSaobis am formebSi gansxvavebulia moswavlis<br />

<strong>da</strong>moukideblobis xarisxi. klasSi magaliTis an amocanis<br />

amoxsnisas maswavleblis kontroli sakmaod maRalia, radgan<br />

igi aramarto ad<strong>ge</strong>ns <strong>da</strong>valebis Sinaarss, aramed gansazRvravs<br />

saWiro drois xangrZlivobas, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SeuZlia<br />

<strong>da</strong>xmarebis gawevac <strong>da</strong> Semdeg akontrolebs pasuxis siswores.<br />

maswavleblis kontroli minimaluria, roca moswavle muSaobs<br />

<strong>da</strong>moukidebel proeqtze. maSinac ki, roca proeqti Sinaarsobrivad<br />

<strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia Sesaswavl TemasTan, moswavles aqvs saSualeba,<br />

Tavad gansazRvros Sinaarsis detalebi, maTi prezentaciis<br />

forma <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmos Tavisi muSaobis grafiki.<br />

miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad aseTi didi mravalferovnebisa, <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli<br />

swavlebis yvela formas aqvs saerTo upiratesobebi:<br />

• nakleb stress iwvevs moswavleSi, vidre saklaso<br />

organizaciis romelime sxva forma, radgan am SemTxvevaSi,<br />

muSaobis procesSi igi <strong>da</strong>culia sxvaTa kritikisa <strong>da</strong> Sefasebisagan;<br />

• maswavlebels meti saSualeba aqvs, SeamCnios moswavlis<br />

individualuri Taviseburebebi, misi swavlis tempi,<br />

stili <strong>da</strong> susti Tu Zlieri mxareebi;<br />

• es modeli aviTarebs moswavleSi <strong>da</strong>moukideblad<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebis miRebis unars, sakuTari Zalebis rwmenas<br />

<strong>da</strong> avtonomiurobas;<br />

• amasTan,bevri maswavlebeli <strong>da</strong>moukidebel samuSaos<br />

iyenebs klasSi simSvidis <strong>da</strong> wesrigis aRsad<strong>ge</strong>nad, rac xSirad<br />

Zalian sasar<strong>ge</strong>blo strategia SeiZleba aRmoCndes.<br />

jgufuri muSaoba moswavleebi wyvilebad, sam an met kacian<br />

jgufebad arian <strong>da</strong>yofili <strong>da</strong> erToblivad wyveten problemas,<br />

asruleben praqtikul <strong>da</strong>valebas an ganixilaven sa<strong>da</strong>vo<br />

sakiTxs. jgufuri muSaoba ar niSnavs mxolod erTi moswavlis<br />

mier meorisTvis <strong>da</strong>xmarebis aRmoCenas. jgufuri muSaoba<br />

gulisxmobs TanamSromlobiT urTierTobas jgufis wevrebs<br />

Soris. jgufis lideris rolia jgufis saerTo Sejerebuli<br />

azris gamoxatva klasis (<strong>da</strong>narCeni jgufebis) <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis<br />

winaSe.<br />

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<strong>da</strong>valebis Sesrulebisas moswavleTa mcire jgufebad <strong>da</strong>yofa<br />

Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT axalia qarTuli realobisTvis, magram es aris<br />

saklaso organizaciis is forma, romelmac, sworad warmarTvis<br />

SemTxvevaSi, moswavles didi sar<strong>ge</strong>bloba SeiZleba moutanos<br />

<strong>da</strong>, amasTan, didi siamovnebac mianiWos. gamokvlevebi a<strong>da</strong>sturebs,<br />

rom jgufuri muSaoba xels uwyobs:<br />

• <strong>da</strong>swavlis Cvevebis <strong>da</strong> moswavlis cnebiTi, abstraqtuli<br />

azrovnebis ganviTarebis process;<br />

• motivaciis zr<strong>da</strong>s <strong>da</strong> swavlis procesisadmi pozitiuri<br />

<strong>da</strong>mokidebulebis Camoyalibebas;<br />

• klasSi moswavleTa qcevisa <strong>da</strong> TanatolebTan urTier-<br />

Tobis gaumjobesebas, anu komunikaciis <strong>da</strong> socialuri unar-<br />

Cvevebis Camoyalibebas.<br />

gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, jgufuri muSaoba aumjobesebs <strong>saswavlo</strong> processa<br />

<strong>da</strong> mis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bs. SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom is <strong>da</strong>debiTad aisaxeba<br />

zoga<strong>da</strong>d moswavlis <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebaze sazogadoebasTan. bavSvs<br />

ver vaswavliT sazogadoebis winaSe pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis grZnobas<br />

43

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ise, rogorc mas mimatebisa <strong>da</strong> gamoklebis wesebs vaswavliT.<br />

misi, rogorc sazogadoebis wevris TviTSegnebisaTvis uaRresad<br />

mniSvnelovania mosmenisa <strong>da</strong> alternatiuli azris miRebis<br />

unari. sakuTar saqcielze pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobasa <strong>da</strong> a<strong>da</strong>mianebTan<br />

kritikul, magram amasTanave urTierTpativiscemaze <strong>da</strong>fuZnebul<br />

urTierTobas bavSvebi saxelmZRvanelo<strong>da</strong>n ki ara, magaliTiT <strong>da</strong><br />

erTmaneTisagan swavloben.<br />

jgufuri muSaobis mniSvneloba u<strong>da</strong>voa, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT,<br />

rom Tanamedrove ganaTlebis mizani aramxolod codnis, faqtobrivi<br />

informaciis <strong>da</strong>grovebaa, aramed miRebuli informaciis<br />

analizis, kritikuli Sefasebis unaris ganviTarebac. kritikuli<br />

azrovnebis unaris CamoyalibebisaTvis ki moswavleebs un<strong>da</strong><br />

hqondeT saSualeba, iazrovnon, ilaparakon <strong>da</strong> hyavdeT msmeneli.<br />

amisaTvis ar aris sakmarisi saubari mxolod maswavlebelTan <strong>da</strong>,<br />

miT ufro, mxolod maswavleblis saubris mosmena. moswavleTa<br />

kritikuli azrovneba yalibdeba mxolod iseT <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>Si,<br />

sa<strong>da</strong>c xSiria intensiuri struqturirebuli urTierToba<br />

moswavleTa Soris. swored am mizans isaxavs jgufuri muSaoba.<br />

jgufuri muSaobis sar<strong>ge</strong>blianoba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva TeoriiT Sei-<br />

Zleba aixsnas. erTi Teoriis TvalsazrisiT, bavSvis konceptualuri<br />

ganviTarebisTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs ganviTarebis<br />

imave doneze myofi, magram sawinaaRmdego poziciis mqone a<strong>da</strong>mianTan<br />

kamaTs. am `SemecnebiT konfliqts~ mivyavarT konceptualur<br />

ganviTarebamde, swavlamde, rac Cveni saboloo mizania.<br />

meore Teoriis mixedviT, erTad muSaobisas bavSvebi wyveten<br />

problemebs, an gaiazreben cnebebs, romlebsac <strong>da</strong>moukideblad<br />

verc erTi maTgani ver gaarTmev<strong>da</strong> Tavs. jgufSi erTi wevris<br />

azri biZgs aZlevs meoris ideebs, isini erTad midian problemis<br />

axlebur ga<strong>ge</strong>bamde, swavloben erTad <strong>da</strong> Semdeg SeuZliaT es<br />

codna gamoiyenon <strong>da</strong>moukideblad muSaobisas.<br />

mkvlevarebi Tanxmdebian imazec, rom jgufuri muSaobis potenciali<br />

mTlianad araa gamokvleuli <strong>da</strong>,miT ufro,arc aTvisebuli.<br />

Tumca, misi zogierTi upiratesoba saklaso organizaciis<br />

sxva tipebTan, aSkaraa:<br />

• izrdeba TiToeuli moswavlis CarTuloba<br />

gakveTilze, isini naklebad pasiurebi arian <strong>da</strong> sxvisi pasuxebis<br />

mosmeniT ar kmayofildebian. amasTan, moswavles<br />

meti saSualeba aqvs, Tavad gansazRvros Tavisi monawileobis<br />

forma;<br />

44

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• mcire jgufSi muSaoba ufro nakleb fsiqologiur<br />

safrTxes moicavs moswavlisaTvis, vidre pasuxis gacema an<br />

sakuTari azris gamoxatva mTeli klasis winaSe;<br />

• mcirdeba maswavleblis makontrolebeli roli <strong>da</strong>,<br />

Sesabamisad, moswavles eniWeba arCevanis meti Tavisufleba,<br />

rac aviTarebs <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli swavlisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli<br />

azrovnebis unar-Cvevebs;<br />

• maswavlebels saSualeba eZleva, <strong>da</strong>exmaros im moswavleebs,<br />

romlebic metad saWiroeben amas maSin, roca sxvebic<br />

aqtiurad arian Cabmuli amocanis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetaSi.<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• arsebobs saklaso organizaciis sami ZiriTadi modeli:<br />

saerTo saklaso, <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli <strong>da</strong> jgufuri. amaTgan<br />

pirveli ufro tradiciulia qarTuli skolisaTvis,<br />

magram individualuri <strong>da</strong> jgufuri muSaobac aranakleb<br />

mniSvnelovania;<br />

• saklaso organizaciis TiToeul am models aqvs<br />

Tavisi upiratesobebi. amitomac efeqturi <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

<strong>garemo</strong>s Sesaqmnelad, sasurvelia, <strong>da</strong>vicvaT maT Soris<br />

garkveuli balansi, ar moxdes erT-erTi maTganis (mag.<br />

saklaso muSaobis) dominireba <strong>da</strong> sxvaTa ugulebelyofa;<br />

• Tu maswavlebeli, Cveulebriv, mTlianad akontrolebs<br />

process saerTo saklaso muSaobis dros, misi kontrolis<br />

done klebulobs <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli <strong>da</strong> jgufuri<br />

muSaobisas. Sesabamisad, matulobs Tavad moswavleTa<br />

iniciativa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>moukideblobis xarisxi, rasac udidesi<br />

mniSvneloba aqvs kritikulad moazrovne <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>moukideblad<br />

swavlis unaris mqone a<strong>da</strong>mianis CamoyalibebisaTvis.<br />

45

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jgufuri muSaoba<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> gamoiyenoT jgufuri muSaoba klasSi;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> moiqceT, rom ga<strong>da</strong>laxoT moswavleTa<br />

uaryofiTi <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba jgufuri muSaobisadmi;<br />

ra SemTxvevaSia umjobesi wyvilebis, triadebis, mcire <strong>da</strong><br />

didi jgufebis gamoyeneba.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. gamogiyenebiaT Tu ara odesme jgufuri muSaoba ratom<br />

2. Tqveni azriT, ra problemebs SeiZleba waawydeT klasSi<br />

jgufuri muSaobis gamoyenebisas<br />

3. saklaso muSaobis dros ra zomis jgufebis gamoyenebaa<br />

rekomendebuli<br />

4. ra niSnis mixedviT un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vyoT klasi jgufebad<br />

5. romeli safexuri<strong>da</strong>naa ufro sasurveli klasSi jgufuri<br />

muSaobis gamoyeneba<br />

6. ra sagnebSia umjobesi jgufuri muSaobis gamoyeneba<br />

46

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*****<br />

jgufuri muSaoba, misi bevri <strong>da</strong>debiTi mxaris miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad,<br />

Cvens realobaSi sakmaod iSviaTad gamoiyeneba. is maswavleblebic<br />

ki, romlebic Teoriulad iwoneben saklaso organizaciis<br />

am models, praqtikulad iSviaTad mimarTaven mas. amis mizezi<br />

ki albaT isaa, rom<br />

a) maT ar ician, rogor <strong>da</strong>yon moswavleebi jgufebad;<br />

b) pirvelive mcdelobisas awydebian moswavleTa uaryofiT<br />

reaqcias;<br />

g) ar ician, ra tipis <strong>da</strong>valebebis SesrulebisTvisaa umjobesi<br />

jgufuri muSaobis gamoyeneba;<br />

d) Tvlian, rom ver SeZleben ramdenime jgufis erTdroulad<br />

gakontrolebas.<br />

SevecadoT, mimovixiloT yvela zemoTCamoTvlili sakiTxi.<br />

a) jgufebad <strong>da</strong>yofa<br />

moswavleebis jgufebad <strong>da</strong>yofa arc ise martivia, rogorc<br />

es erTi SexedviT SeiZleba mogveCvenos. aq ramdenime aspeqtia<br />

gasaTvaliswinebeli:<br />

jgufis zoma ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia gakveTilis mizanze,<br />

moswavleTa asaksa <strong>da</strong> imaze, Tu ramdenad nacnobia maT-<br />

Tvis muSaobis es forma. moswavleebi SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>jgufdnen<br />

wyvilebad, triadebad, mcire (4-5 kacian) <strong>da</strong> did (6 <strong>da</strong> met kacian)<br />

jgufebad.<br />

wyvilebi yvelaze mosaxerxebelia <strong>da</strong>bal klasebSi muSaobisas,<br />

an iseT moswavleebTan, romlebic morcxvoben, an ara aqvT<br />

TanatolebTan TanamSromlobis gziT amocanebis ga<strong>da</strong>Wris didi<br />

gamocdileba. amdenad, sawyis etapze sasurvelia, swored es<br />

forma gamoviyenoT. maswavleblisTvisac Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT advilia<br />

wyvilebSi muSaobis <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmva <strong>da</strong> warmarTva. amasTan, moswavleebi<br />

wyvilebSi zogjer iolad arTmeven Tavs iseT rTul <strong>da</strong>vale-<br />

47

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ebs, romelTa Sesrulebac <strong>da</strong>moukideblad gauWirdebo<strong>da</strong>T.<br />

iseTi <strong>da</strong>valebebi, romlebic <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis<br />

miRebasTan, an problemis ga<strong>da</strong>Wris saukeTeso gzebis ZiebasTan,<br />

swored wyvilebSi un<strong>da</strong> warimarTos. aseve, wyvilebSi muSaoba<br />

SeiZleba gamoviyenoT imisaTvis, rom ufro Zlierma moswavlem<br />

<strong>da</strong>xmareba aRmouCinos masze susts. zoga<strong>da</strong>d,wyvilSi muSaobisas<br />

maswavleblis yuradReba fokusirebuli un<strong>da</strong> iyos imaze, rom<br />

erTi moswavle ar dominirebdes meoreze.<br />

triadebi (anu 3 moswavlisgan Semdgari jgufebi) gansakuTrebiT<br />

mizanSewonilia,roca erTi bavSvi moqmedebs <strong>da</strong>narCeni<br />

oris xelmZRvanelobiT, maTi saxeliT. magaliTad, muSaobs kompiuterze,<br />

atarebs c<strong>da</strong>s, iwers maT mier SeTxzul ambavs <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />

aseve, sasurvelia, triadebis gamoyeneba im etapze, roca bavSvebs<br />

jer kidev uWirT diskusiisas SeTanxmebamde misvla. am dros<br />

<strong>mes</strong>ame moswavlis azri SeiZleba ga<strong>da</strong>mwyveti aRmoCndes, Tumca<br />

Cndeba imis safrTxec, rom umravlesoba yovelTvis ga<strong>da</strong>Zlevs<br />

erTis Tun<strong>da</strong>c logikur, SeiZleba ufro swor mosazrebas.<br />

48

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mcire jgufebi (4-5 moswavlisgan Semdgari) yvelaze ufro<br />

gavrcelebuli formaa faqtobrivad yvela tipis samuSaos Sesasruleblad.<br />

aq Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT iSviaTia erTi moswavlis dominireba<br />

yvela sxvaze. ganixileba ramdenime gansxvavebuli varianti<br />

an mosazreba. amitomac saWiro xdeba yvela versiis mosmena,<br />

gaanalizeba <strong>da</strong> Sejereba. Tumca, isic un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT,<br />

rom rac ufro didia jgufi, miT ufro rTulia misi muSaobis<br />

<strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmva <strong>da</strong> organizeba, rolebis ganawileba. amdenad, SeiZleba<br />

<strong>da</strong>wyebiTi klasebis moswavleebs sakmaod gauWirdeT am formiT<br />

muSaoba.<br />

didi jgufebi (6-10 moswavle) sakmaod iSviaTad<br />

gamoiyeneba, radgan bevr problemas qmnis.<br />

aseT did jgufSi moswavle SeiZleba iyos pasiuri,<br />

Tu amis survili aqvs. morcxv bavSvebs Sei-<br />

Zleba gauWirdeT didi auditoriis winaSe azris<br />

gamoTqma <strong>da</strong> dumili amjobinon. maSasa<strong>da</strong>me, did<br />

jgufebs axasiaTebs bevri is negatiuri mxare,<br />

rasac Cven ukve SevexeT saerTo saklaso muSaobis<br />

ganxilvisas. amdenad, amgvari <strong>da</strong>jgufeba Sei-<br />

Zleba gamoviyenoT, Tu amas <strong>da</strong>valeba moiTxovs.<br />

umjobesia, klasSi gamoiyos bevri mcire, vidre 2-3<br />

didi jgufi.<br />

ix. gv. 39<br />

jgufebis Semad<strong>ge</strong>nloba<br />

jgufuri muSaobis <strong>da</strong>wyebamde aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>vwyvitoT,<br />

Tu ra niSniT SevqmniT am jgufebs. es ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetileba<br />

sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva princips SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>efuZnos:<br />

• albaT megobroba gaxdeba ganmsazRvreli faqtori,<br />

Tu jgufebis Seqmnas Tavad bavSvebs mivandobT. am variantis<br />

<strong>da</strong>debiTi mxarea is, rom bavSvebi meti siamovnebiT<br />

imuSaveben TavianT mierve SerCeul partniorebTan; Tanac<br />

igrZnoben, rom sakuTar xelSi iReben iniciativas <strong>da</strong> pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas.<br />

meore mxriv, amgvarma <strong>da</strong>jgufebam SeiZleba<br />

areuloba <strong>da</strong> qaosi gamoiwvios klasSi, sanam bavSvebi partniorebs<br />

eZeben; SeiZleba emociuri safrTxe SeeqmnaT nakleb<br />

popularul bavSvebs, visTanac cota Tu moindomebs jgufis<br />

Seqmnas. megobrebis saerTo interesebi met safrTxes qmnis,<br />

rom moswavleebi ga<strong>da</strong>erTon <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesrulebi<strong>da</strong>n sxva<br />

49

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sakiTxebis ganxilvaze. Tanac, megobrobis niSniT Seqmnili<br />

jgufebi stabiluria <strong>da</strong> SeiZleba bavSvebs mTeli wlis man-<br />

Zilze ar mieceT sxva moswavleebTan muSaobis saSualeba;<br />

• codnis done umniSvnelovanesi faqtoria, romelic<br />

jgufebis Seqmnisas uTuod un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT. zogjer<br />

sasurvelia Sereuli donis jgufebis Seqmna, radgan ufro<br />

Zlieri moswavleebi <strong>da</strong>xmarebas uweven, uxsnian ufro sustebs<br />

<strong>da</strong> am procesSi Tava<strong>da</strong>c ukeT gaiazreben <strong>da</strong>smul problemas.<br />

aseT SemTxvevaSi eqspertebi gvirCeven, <strong>da</strong>vajgufoT<br />

Zlieri moswavleebi saSualo donis bavSvebTan <strong>da</strong> saSualo<br />

moswavleebi - sustebTan. ase Tavi<strong>da</strong>n avicilebT moswavleTa<br />

Soris mkveTr gansxvavebebs, rac SeiZleba bavSvebis<br />

gaRizianebis <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Zabulobis mizezi gaxdes.<br />

Tu Cven gvaqvs saSualeba, gansxvavebuli <strong>da</strong>valebebi<br />

SevTavazoT calkeul jgufebs, maSin mizanSewonilia<br />

erTi <strong>da</strong> imave donis moswavleebi <strong>da</strong>vajgufoT <strong>da</strong> mivceT<br />

Sesabamisi sirTulis <strong>da</strong>valeba. es saSualebas aZlevs<br />

maswavlebels, meti dro <strong>da</strong>uTmos ufro sust jgufebs<br />

<strong>da</strong> individualurad imuSaos maTTan. Tumca mudmivad<br />

sust <strong>da</strong> Zlier jgufebad <strong>da</strong>yofa ar aris sasurveli,<br />

radgan ikar<strong>ge</strong>ba jgufuri muSaobis mTavari upiratesoba _<br />

Camouyalibos moswavleebs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva donis <strong>da</strong> tipis a<strong>da</strong>mianebTan<br />

TanamSromlobis unari;<br />

• aqtivobis xarisxi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT moswavleTa<br />

<strong>da</strong>jgufebis kriteriumad, roca ukve viciT, romeli<br />

maTgania gansakuTrebiT aqtiuri jgufur muSaobaSi <strong>da</strong> vin<br />

cdilobs,Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aicilos iniciativa. am SemTxvevaSi maswavlebelma<br />

SeiZleba saWirod CaTvalos `wynari~ moswavleebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>jgufeba, sa<strong>da</strong>c isini naklebad moaxerxeben vin<strong>mes</strong> zurgs<br />

amoefaron <strong>da</strong> sxvas miandon ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miReba. aseve<br />

sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa amgvari <strong>da</strong>jgufeba zedmetad aqtiuri moswavleebisTvis,<br />

romlebic TavianTive tipis TanaklaselebTan<br />

urTierTobisas naklebad moaxerxeben dominirebas <strong>da</strong>, bunebrivia,<br />

mouwevT <strong>da</strong>Tmobebze wasvla;<br />

• SemTxveviTi <strong>da</strong>jgufeba gulisxmobs jgufebis<br />

Sekvras yvela ganxiluli kriteriumis gauTvaliswineblad.<br />

xSir SemTxvevaSi maswavleblisTvis mosaxerxebelia <strong>da</strong>ajgufos<br />

moswavleebi, romlebic erTad an erTmaneTTan axlos<br />

sxe<strong>da</strong>n. amgvarad, Cven vzogavT dros <strong>da</strong> Tavi<strong>da</strong>n vicilebT<br />

xmaurs <strong>da</strong> areulobas, rac uTuod Tan axlavs gakveTilze<br />

50

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moswavleTa ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebas. Tumca, xSir SemTxvevaSi, moswavleebi<br />

yvela gakveTilze erT adgilas sxe<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>, amdenad,<br />

yovelTvis erTsa <strong>da</strong> imave jgufSi aRmoCndebian. ase ki jgufuri<br />

muSaoba SeiZleba maTTvis male monotonuri <strong>da</strong> uintereso<br />

gaxdes.<br />

SemTxveviTi <strong>da</strong>jgufebis yvelaze advili gzaa gaTvla.<br />

magaliTad, Tu Cven sul 30 moswavle gveswreba gakveTilze<br />

<strong>da</strong> gvin<strong>da</strong> 4-5 kaciani jgufebis Seqmna, bavSvebs rigis mixedviT<br />

gaiTvlian cifrebs 1-<strong>da</strong>n 7-mde, an asoebs `a~-<strong>da</strong>n `z~mde.<br />

Semdeg gavcemT instruqcias, rom yvela 1 nomeri (an<br />

yvela `a~) Seikribos klasis erT kuTxeSi, yvela 2 - meore<br />

adgilas <strong>da</strong> a. S. saerTo jamSi miviRebT 5 4-kacian <strong>da</strong> 2<br />

5-kacian jgufs. Nnu SegvaSinebs, Tu pirvelad am proceduras<br />

sakmao xmauri mohyveba. maswavlebelic <strong>da</strong> moswavleebic<br />

Zalian male eCvevian mas <strong>da</strong> ramdenimejer gamoyenebis Semdeg<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebis es procesi sakmaod swrafad <strong>da</strong> iolad<br />

mimdinareobs.<br />

b) moswavleTa <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba<br />

ar un<strong>da</strong> gagvikvirdes,Tu moswavleebi didi aRfrTovanebiT ar<br />

Sexvdebian jgufuri muSaobis gamoyenebis pirvelive SemTxvevas.<br />

aq bevri problema SeiZleba wamoiWras. jer erTi, es maTTvis<br />

uCveulo formaa. maswavleblis mudmiv kontrols <strong>da</strong> Sesworebebs<br />

SeCveulma bavSvma SeiZleba sariskod CaTvalos miTiTebebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> waxalisebis gareSe muSaoba. Mmoswavleebs afrTxobT is,<br />

rom mcirdeba maswavleblis kontroli <strong>da</strong>, Sesabamisad, izrdeba<br />

maTi pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba.<br />

jgufSi SeiZleba gamoikveTos erTi lideri,romelic Seecdeba,<br />

srulad akontrolos muSaobis procesi. aman ki, mosalodnelia,<br />

gaaRizianos <strong>da</strong>narCenebi. SeiZleba piriqiTac, aRmoCndnen<br />

bavSvebi, romlebic amjobineben, Tavi ar ga<strong>da</strong>itvirTon <strong>da</strong> mTeli<br />

samuSaos Sesruleba sxvebs miandon.<br />

bevri moswavlisTvis jgufuri muSaoba imdenad axali formaa,<br />

rom maT igi arc miaCniaT `namdvil swavlad~ <strong>da</strong> ufro TamaSad,<br />

drois gayvanad Tvlian.<br />

yvela am mizezis gamo, ar un<strong>da</strong> gagvikvirdes, Tu moswavleebi<br />

eWvis TvaliT uyureben jgufur muSaobas. amitomac, sasurvelia,<br />

Tavi<strong>da</strong>n dro ar <strong>da</strong>vinanoT am modelis zogierTi mxaris ganxilvisTvis.<br />

magaliTad, SeiZleba gavakeTebinoT rame <strong>da</strong>valeba<br />

wyvilebSi, 3-4 kacian jgufebSi <strong>da</strong> Semdeg gamovkiTxoT, werilobiT<br />

an zepirad, ra moewonaT <strong>da</strong> ra – ara. SeiZleba vTxovoT,<br />

51

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<strong>da</strong>asrulon Semdegi wina<strong>da</strong>debebi:<br />

me momwons/ar momwons <strong>da</strong>moukideblad muSaoba imitom, rom<br />

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />

me momwons/ar momwons wyvilebSi muSaoba imitom, rom<br />

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />

me momwons/ar momwons jgufebSi muSaoba imitom, rom<br />

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />

Semdeg SeiZleba klasSi ganvixiloT maTi pasuxebi <strong>da</strong> Seva<strong>da</strong>roT<br />

isini erTmaneTs. es informacia maswavlebels Zalian<br />

<strong>da</strong>exmareba momavali muSaobis <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvaSi,<strong>da</strong>anaxebs mas,ramdenad<br />

saWiroa jgufuri <strong>da</strong> wyviluri muSaobis gamoyeneba klasSi <strong>da</strong><br />

ra aspeqtebze un<strong>da</strong> gaamaxvilos man yuradReba.<br />

xSirad Zalian sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa, winaswar ganvumartoT moswavleebs,ra<br />

mizans isaxavs jgufuri muSaoba,ris miRwevas SeZleben<br />

isini am konkretuli <strong>da</strong>valebis SesrulebiT <strong>da</strong> ra kavSirSia es<br />

<strong>da</strong>valeba <strong>saswavlo</strong> programasTan. amasTan, sasurvelia, maswavlebeli<br />

<strong>da</strong> klasi winaswar SeTanxmdes im wesebze, romlebic un<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>icvan muSaobis procesSi. bavSvebma jgufuri muSaobis <strong>da</strong>wyebamde<br />

un<strong>da</strong> icodnen:<br />

52<br />

• rogor un<strong>da</strong> mouxmon maswavlebels, Tu <strong>da</strong>xmareba<br />

<strong>da</strong>sWirdebaT;<br />

• ra dro eZlevaT <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesasruleblad;<br />

• ra evaleba TiToeul maTgans, radgan zog SemTxvevaSi<br />

moswavleTa rolebi muSaobisas SeiZleba gansxvavebuli<br />

iyos. mag. erTi iwerdes msjelobis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bs, vinme<br />

akvirdebodes <strong>da</strong>narCeni moswavleebis aqtivobas, sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />

moswavle flobdes sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva informacias, an warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ndes<br />

sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva pozicias debatebis dros <strong>da</strong> a.S;<br />

• xmauris ra donea <strong>da</strong>saSvebi;<br />

• jgufuri muSaobis ra produqti un<strong>da</strong> warmoadginon<br />

<strong>da</strong>mTavrebis Semdeg <strong>da</strong> rogor gvaniSnon <strong>da</strong>sruleba.<br />

<strong>da</strong>skvnis saxiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom rac ufro nacnobi<br />

xdeba jgufuri muSaobis forma bavSvebisaTvis,miT ufro naklebi<br />

problemebi eqmnebaT maT <strong>da</strong> ufro axerxeben misi upi-

---

atesobebiT isar<strong>ge</strong>blon. amisaTvis SeiZleba sasar<strong>ge</strong>blo<br />

iyos Tavi<strong>da</strong>n Zalian mokle <strong>da</strong> martivi jgufuri <strong>da</strong>valebebis<br />

Sesruleba, romelTa warmatebac <strong>da</strong>arwmunebs moswavleebs,<br />

rom maT aqvT unari, Tavi gaarTvan moTxovnebs.<br />

g) <strong>da</strong>valebis tipi<br />

faqtobrivad, mcire modifikaciis Semdeg, nebismieri <strong>da</strong>valeba<br />

SeiZleba moergos jgufuri muSaobis principebs. gansakuTrebiT<br />

sasurvelia saklaso organizaciis am modelis gamoyeneba, Tu<br />

<strong>da</strong>valeba sakmaod rTuli gveCveneba <strong>da</strong>moukideblad muSaobisTvis.<br />

mTavaria, SevimuSaoT <strong>da</strong>valeba, romelic moiTxovs konsensusis,<br />

anu SeTanxmebis miRwevas. amasTan, un<strong>da</strong> gvaxsovdes, rom<br />

organizebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvis TvalsazrisiT, wyvilebSi muSaoba<br />

yvelaze iolia maswavleblisTvis. igi advilad SeiZleba gamoviyenoT<br />

Tun<strong>da</strong>c <strong>da</strong>wyebiTi klasebis moswavleebTan, an bavSvebTan,<br />

romelTac pirvelad uxdebaT jgufurad muSaoba.<br />

situacia 1.<br />

aqtivobis xangrZlivoba: 10-15 wuTi .<br />

aqtivobis mizani: axsnili masalis ga<strong>ge</strong>bis Semowmeba<br />

inglisuri enis gakveTilze maswavlebelma axsna axali gramatikuli<br />

dro, <strong>da</strong>vuSvaT, namyo ganusazRvreli (Past Simple), <strong>da</strong><br />

un<strong>da</strong> Seamowmos, ramdenad gai<strong>ge</strong>s bavSvebma gansxvaveba am drosa<br />

<strong>da</strong> awmyo ganusazRvrels (Present Simple) Soris. amisTvis aZlevs<br />

maT tipur savarjiSos, sa<strong>da</strong>c wina<strong>da</strong>debebSi gamotovebuli<br />

adgilebi un<strong>da</strong> Seivsos zmnis Sesabamisi formiT. <strong>da</strong>moukideblad<br />

Sesrulebis nacvlad, rogorc es umravles SemTxvevaSi<br />

xdeba, savarjiSo SeiZleba Sesruldes wyvilebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c is moswavle,<br />

romelmac sakmaod kargad gaigo masala, SeZlebs, <strong>da</strong>exmaros<br />

gverdiT mjdoms, an masTan kamaTSi ufro kargad gaiazros,<br />

ratom aris saWiro zmnis ama Tu im formis gamoyeneba.<br />

53

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situacia 2.<br />

aqtivobis xangrZlivoba: 20-25 wuTi.<br />

aqtivobis mizani: nawarmoebis ideis kritikuli gaazreba <strong>da</strong> msgavsi<br />

problematikis mqone nawarmoebebs Soris paralelebis Zieba.<br />

54<br />

qarTuli literaturis gakveTilze a. wereTlis leqsis,

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`ganTiadis~ prezentaciisa <strong>da</strong> ganxilvis Semdeg maswavlebeli<br />

svams 2 SekiTxvas: Cven ukve Seswavlili gvaqvs baraTaSvilis<br />

poema `bedi qarTlisa~. ra saerTo problematika gaaCnia am or<br />

nawarmoebs ra kavSiria am or nawarmoebsa <strong>da</strong> ilia WavWavaZis<br />

`<strong>da</strong>kargul edems~ Soris am SekiTxvebis pasuxi, rasakvirvelia,<br />

saerTo saklaso ganxilvis drosac SiZleba moviTxovoT, magram,<br />

umjobesia,Tu manamde wyvilebs mivcemT msjelobisa <strong>da</strong> mofiqrebisaTvis<br />

10-15 wuTs. Semdeg wyvilebi<strong>da</strong>n TiTo bavSvi gaakeTebs<br />

maTi saerTo <strong>da</strong>skvnebisa <strong>da</strong> argumentebis prezentacias mTeli<br />

klasis winaSe, rasac uTuod mohyveba saerTo saklaso diskusia<br />

(wyvilebi<strong>da</strong>n romelime bavSvis pasiurobis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acileba<br />

SeiZleba, Tu prezentators Tavad bavSvebi ki ara, maswavlebeli<br />

<strong>da</strong>asaxelebs. roca bavSvebma winaswar ar ician, vis mouwevs klasis<br />

winaSe prezentacia, orive Tanabrad emzadeba pasuxisTvis).<br />

situacia 3.<br />

aqtivobis xangrZlivoba: 30 wuTi.<br />

aqtivobis mizani: ganvlili masalis Sejameba; miRebuli informaciis<br />

analizis <strong>da</strong> Sefasebis unaris ganviTareba; mosmenis, diskusiisa <strong>da</strong><br />

sxvaTa <strong>da</strong>rwmunebis unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibeba.<br />

bunebismcodneobis IV klasis saxelmZRvaneloSi `mogzauroba<br />

saqarTveloSi~ cal-calkea ganxiluli aRmosavleT kavkasionis<br />

xuTi kuTxe - xevi, mTiuleTi, fSavi, xevsureTi <strong>da</strong> TuSeTi. am<br />

masalis <strong>da</strong>srulebis Semdeg, Sejamebis <strong>da</strong> moswavleTa codnis<br />

Semowmebis mizniT, maswavlebelma SeiZleba <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmos Semdegi<br />

<strong>da</strong>valeba: <strong>da</strong>yos klasi 5-kacian jgufebad <strong>da</strong> jgufis TiToeul<br />

wevrs gaunawilos TiTo kuTxe. TiToeul jgufs aqvs aRmosavleT<br />

kavkasionis TiTo ruka <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>valebis baraTi, sa<strong>da</strong>c aRniSnulia,<br />

rom saqarTveloSi Camosulia ucxoel turistTa jgufi,<br />

romelsac ainteresebs am mxaris naxva, magram sul 4 dRe aqvT<br />

<strong>da</strong> yvelafers, rasakvirvelia, ver moaswreben. maT gansakuTrebiT<br />

ainteresebT lamazi buneba <strong>da</strong> istoriuli Zeglebi (an adgilobrivi<br />

tradiciebi <strong>da</strong> kostiumebi, soflis meurneoba, suvenirebis<br />

SeZena <strong>da</strong> a.S. maswavlebeli winaswar SesarCevs, Tu raze surs<br />

moswavleebis yuradRebis gamaxvileba). yvela jgufs evaleba,<br />

SearCios turistebisTvis saukeTeso marSruti <strong>da</strong> aRniSnos is<br />

dReebis mixedviT rukaze. jgufuri muSaobis <strong>da</strong>wyebamde, sasurvelia,<br />

bavSvebs mivceT ramdenime wuTi, rom Tvali ga<strong>da</strong>avlon (an<br />

gaixsenon) informacia im kuTxis Sesaxeb, romelic jgufSi un<strong>da</strong><br />

warmoadginon <strong>da</strong> amokribon saWiro detalebi. 15-20 wuTiani<br />

55

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ganxilvis Semdeg yvela jgufi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns Tavis rukas <strong>da</strong> gaakeTebs<br />

prezentacias klasis winaSe. SeiZleba SeirCes saukeTeso,<br />

yvelaze mravlismomcveli marSruti, romelic yvelaze metad<br />

akmayofilebs turistTa moTxovnebs.<br />

situacia 4.<br />

aqtivobis xangrZlivoba: 30-35 wuTi.<br />

aqtivobis mizani: samkuTxedis Si<strong>da</strong> kuTxeebis jamis Sesaxeb masalis<br />

prezentacia; kritikuli azrovnebis, msjelobisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>sabuTebis<br />

unaris ganviTareba.<br />

56<br />

VII klasis maTematikis gakveTilze klasi muSaobs samkuTxe-

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dis Tvisebebis gamokvlevaze. bavSvebi maswavlebelTan erTad<br />

ixseneben Seswavlil masalas kuTxeebis Sesaxeb, maT gansaz-<br />

Rvrebas, Tvisebebs, kuTxeTa jams <strong>da</strong> a.S. Semdeg maswavlebeli<br />

yofs klass 3-5 kacian jgufebad klasis zomis mixedviT. jgufTa<br />

saerTo raodenobis naxevars (mag. 3 an 4 jgufs) <strong>da</strong>evaleba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />

saxeobis samkuTxedis modelebis gamoyenebiT (mag. erTmaneTze<br />

midgmiT) gamoTqvas <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>asabuTos Tavisi varaudi samkuTxedis<br />

Si<strong>da</strong> kuTxeebis jamis Sesaxeb. jgufebis meore nawils<br />

eZleva <strong>da</strong>valeba, gamoiyenos transportiri sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxeobis<br />

samkuTxedebis gasazomad <strong>da</strong> amis safuZvelze gamoTqvas varaudi<br />

samkuTxedis Si<strong>da</strong> kuTxeebis jamis Sesaxeb (Tu bevri jgufia,<br />

SeiZleba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva jgufs gamosakvlevad sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxeobis<br />

samkuTxedi mivceT). bolos yvela jgufi warad<strong>ge</strong>ns Tavis varauds<br />

klasis winaSe <strong>da</strong> grZeldeba saerTo saklaso muSaoba.<br />

ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, aq SeuZlebelia yvela aqtivobis aRwera, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

jgufuri muSaobis modeli SeiZleba gamoviyenoT, magram CamoTvlili<br />

magaliTebic a<strong>da</strong>sturebs, rom saklaso organizaciis es<br />

modeli mosaxerxebelia sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva asakisa <strong>da</strong> donis bavSvebTan<br />

muSaobisas, praqtikulad yvela saganSi <strong>da</strong> <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis<br />

yvela etapze, rogorc axali masalis prezentaciis (IV mag.), axsnilis<br />

ga<strong>ge</strong>bis Semowmebisa <strong>da</strong> ganmtkicebis (I mag.), aseve ganvlilis<br />

Sejamebisas (II an III magaliTi).<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, ipovoT pasuxi am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

mocemul yvela SekiTxvaze. <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gaeciT<br />

pasuxebi.<br />

57

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ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi :<br />

• jgufuri muSaobisas moswavleebi SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>yoT<br />

wyvilebad, triadebad, 4-5 kacian mcire jgufebad,<br />

an ufro did jgufebad. jgufis zoma <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis xasiaTsa <strong>da</strong> bavSvebis codnis doneze. jgufur<br />

muSaobas SeuCvevel moswavleebTan umjobesia am<br />

modelis gamoyeneba wyvilebiT <strong>da</strong> triadebiT <strong>da</strong>iwyoT;<br />

• <strong>da</strong>jgufebis kriteriumad SeiZleba gamoyenebul<br />

iqnas moswavlis codnis done, misi aqtivobis xarisxi,<br />

moswavleTa Soris megobroba (Tumca es kriteriumi<br />

umjobesia iSviaTad gamoviyenoT), an SemTxveviTi principi.<br />

aq maswavlebelma winaswar un<strong>da</strong> gaiTvaliswinos<br />

am formis yvela upiratesoba <strong>da</strong> uaryofiTi mxare;<br />

• jgufuri muSaobis mimarT moswavleTa <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba<br />

SeiZleba gaaumjobesoT miznebis ganmartebis,<br />

maTTan konsultaciis <strong>da</strong> maTi azris gaTvliswinebis<br />

gziT;<br />

• jgufuri muSaobisTvis SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas<br />

sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva tipis savarjiSo yvela saganSi, nebismier<br />

doneze <strong>da</strong> <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva etapze<br />

(prezentaciis, varjiSis Tu Sejamebis etapze). mTavaria,<br />

gansazRvroT <strong>da</strong>valeba,romelic emsaxureba gakveTilis<br />

miznis miRwevas.<br />

58

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jgufuri muSaobis marTva<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

klasi jgufuri muSaobisT-<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> movamzadoT<br />

vis;<br />

rogoria maswavleblis roli jgufuri muSaobis procesSi;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> moiqceT, roca jgufebs problemebi eqmnebaT;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> warvmarToT jgufuri muSaoba <strong>da</strong>skvniT<br />

etapze.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. rogor un<strong>da</strong> movamzadoT klasi <strong>da</strong> saklaso oTaxi jgufuri<br />

muSaobisTvis<br />

2. ra funqciebs asrulebs maswavlebeli jgufuri muSaobis<br />

procesSi<br />

3. jgufuri muSaobisas rogor SeiZleba vakontroloT xmauris<br />

done klasSi<br />

4. rodis wydeba jgufuri muSaoba<br />

5. ra xdeba jgufuri muSaobis <strong>da</strong>skvniT etapze<br />

59

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60<br />

*****<br />

maswavlebelTa did nawils gansakuTrebiT aRelvebs is, rom<br />

jgufuri muSaobisas uSualod ver akontroleben TiToeuli<br />

moswavlis saqmianobas. roca klasSi erTdroulad 3 an meti<br />

jgufi muSaobs, SeuZlebelia, maswavlebelma yvelas erTdroulad<br />

mousminos, aRricxos yvela Secdoma, <strong>da</strong>exmaros yvela moswavles<br />

<strong>da</strong> Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aicilos yvela problema. amitomac ar aris<br />

gasakviri, rom Cveuli funqciis gareSe <strong>da</strong>rCenil maswavlebels<br />

zogjer uZlurebis <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>bneulobis SegrZneba gauCndes. Cndeba<br />

SekiTxvebi:<br />

• rogor gavigoT, rom yvela moswavlem icis, ra un<strong>da</strong><br />

gaakeTos <strong>da</strong> swori mimarTuleba airCia<br />

• ra un<strong>da</strong> gavakeToT, rom moswavleebma ara<strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

miznebisTvis,TavianT pirad saqmeebze saubarSi ar <strong>da</strong>xarjon<br />

micemuli dro<br />

• rogor gavanawiloT yuradReba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva jgufs<br />

Soris<br />

• ra un<strong>da</strong> gavakeToT zedmeti xmauris SemTxvevaSi<br />

yvela es problema dgas maswavleblis winaSe, roca klasi<br />

jgufur muSaobaze ga<strong>da</strong>dis <strong>da</strong> aucilebelia, minimumamde<br />

<strong>da</strong>viyvanoT isini. amisTvis saWiroa, sworad movamzadoT <strong>da</strong><br />

warvmarToT procesi <strong>da</strong>, amasTan, sworad gaviazroT Cveni,<br />

rogorc maswavleblis roli jgufuri muSaobisas.<br />

mzadeba jgufuri muSaobisTvis<br />

zoga<strong>da</strong>d, jgufuri muSaobisTvis mzadebis procesad SeiZleba<br />

CaiTvalos nebismieri saklaso aqtivoba, romelic miznad<br />

isaxavs Camouyalibos moswavleebs Semdegi unarebi:<br />

• logikuri SekiTxvebis <strong>da</strong>sma;<br />

• erTmaneTis aqtiurad mosmena;<br />

• sxvaTa mosazrebebis gaziareba;<br />

• azris gamarTulad <strong>da</strong> logikurad Camoyalibeba;<br />

• <strong>da</strong>xmarebis an ganmartebis Txovna;<br />

• ideebis <strong>da</strong> mosazrebebis axsna <strong>da</strong> Sefaseba;<br />

• saubris ZiriTadi arsis Sejameba.<br />

yvela es unari aucilebelia jgufuri muSaobis warmatebiT<br />

warmarTvisTvis.

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konkretuli jgufuri <strong>da</strong>valebis mzadebis procesSi aucilebelia,<br />

yvela ganmarteba konkretulad, rac SeiZleba martivi<br />

eniT mivceT moswavleebs, sanam maT jgufebad <strong>da</strong>vyofdeT. sasurvelia,aseve<br />

mcire repeticia an magaliTis demonstrireba mTeli<br />

klasisaTvis. Tumca, Tu moswavleebi ukve SeCveulni arian am<br />

tipis muSaobas, <strong>da</strong>valebis micemis procesi martivdeba.<br />

muSaobis <strong>da</strong>wyebamde moswavleebma un<strong>da</strong> icodnen, ra dro-<br />

Si un<strong>da</strong> Seasrulon <strong>da</strong>valeba. maswavlebels ki mofiqrebuli<br />

un<strong>da</strong> hqondes <strong>da</strong>matebiTi samuSao maTTvis, vinc sxvebze adre<br />

<strong>da</strong>amTavrebs.<br />

kidev erTi aucilebeli proceduraa moswavleTa gaadgileba<br />

jgufuri muSaobis <strong>da</strong>wyebamde. SeuZlebelia moswavleebma diskusia<br />

gamarTon TanaklaselebTan, romlebic maTTan zurgSeqceviT<br />

an sxva rigSi sxe<strong>da</strong>n. isini erTad un<strong>da</strong> isxdnen. es procesi<br />

xSirad gansakuTrebiT mtkivneulad aRiqmeba, radgan mas Tan<br />

sdevs garkveuli moZraoba <strong>da</strong>, maSasa<strong>da</strong>me, xmauric. sabednierod,<br />

xmauris done klebulobs,rac ufro nacnobi xdeba es procedura<br />

moswavleebisTvis. moZraoba ki <strong>da</strong>tvirTuli gonebrivi samuSaos<br />

Semdeg maTTvis gantvirTvis saSualeba <strong>da</strong> axal <strong>da</strong>valebaze<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>svlis signalia. ar iqnebo<strong>da</strong> gamarTlebuli imis mtkiceba,<br />

rom mcire <strong>da</strong> did jgufebSi muSaoba mxolod Tanamedroved<br />

aRWurvil saklaso oTaxSia SesaZlebeli. Cveulebrivma merxma<br />

Tavisuflad SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>itios moswavleTa mTeli jgufi,Tu mas<br />

skamebs yvela mxri<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>vudgamT.<br />

jgufuri muSaobis procesi<br />

roca jgufebi muSaobas iwyeben,maswavleblis roli icvleba.<br />

axla igi <strong>da</strong>mkvirvebelia, romelic didi yuradRebiT adevnebs<br />

Tvalyurs yvelafers, rac klasSi xdeba. igi merxebs Soris moZraobs,<br />

akvirdeba jgufebs, aRricxavs <strong>da</strong>debiT <strong>da</strong> uaryofiT momentebs<br />

maT muSaobaSi. am dros Canawerebis gakeTeba am informaciis<br />

mogvianebiT gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas iZleva (saerTo<br />

Secdomebis ganxilvis, axali gakveTilebis <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvis an moswavleTaTvis<br />

individualuri rCevebis micemisaTvis). amasTanave,<br />

didi sifrTxilea saWiro,rom moswavleebis yuradReba mTeli am<br />

xnis ganmavlobaSi <strong>da</strong>valebaze iyos koncentrirebuli, <strong>da</strong> ara<br />

maswavlebelsa <strong>da</strong> mis Canawerebze.<br />

amdenad, maswavlebeli cdilobs, ar Caerios jgufuri muSaobis<br />

procesSi, Tu amis gansakuTrebuli saWiroeba ar arsebobs.<br />

aseTi saWiroeba ki sakmaod xSirad Cndeba <strong>da</strong>,Sesabamisad,maswavlebeli<br />

sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva funqcias iRebs sakuTar Tavze:<br />

61

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• Tu moswavleebma araswori mimarTulebiT warmarTes<br />

muSaoba <strong>da</strong> naTeli xdeba, rom isini ver mivlen swor<br />

Sedegamde, maswavlebeli maT xelaxla aZlevs instruqciebs,<br />

ukonkretebs <strong>da</strong>valebas, an aZlevs rCevas;<br />

• Tu moswavleebs <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesasruleblad sWirdebaT<br />

rame saxis faqtobrivi informacia (mag. ver gaixsenes konkretuli<br />

sityva an fraza ucxo enis gakveTilze, formula<br />

- qimiis gakveTilze, TariRi - istoriis gakveTilze), maswavlebels<br />

aqvs arCevani an Tavad Seasrulos leqsikonis, enciklopediis<br />

Tu saxelmZRvanelos funqcia, an mianiSnos maT,<br />

sad SeiZleba am informaciis moZebna;<br />

• Tu saWiroa romelime jgufis waxaliseba <strong>da</strong> gaaqtiureba,maswavlebels<br />

SeuZlia, CaerTos mis muSaobaSi,rogorc<br />

erT-erTi wevri. es gansakuTrebul taqts moiTxovs, radgan<br />

maswavleblis mimarT moswavleTa pativiscema mis azrs gansakuTrebul<br />

wonas sZens <strong>da</strong> Tanabari diskusiis gamarTva<br />

sakmaod Zneli xdeba. Tu am safrTxis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acileba moxerx<strong>da</strong>,<br />

moswavleebic <strong>da</strong> maswavlebelic gansakuTrebul siamovnebas<br />

iReben amgvari TanamSromlobisgan;<br />

• Tu romelime jgufs gansakuTrebiT uWirs, an viciT,<br />

rom igi Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT susti moswavleebisagnaa <strong>da</strong>kompleqtebuli,<br />

SeiZleba maswavlebelma maT meti dro <strong>da</strong>uTmos <strong>da</strong><br />

individualurad imuSaos maTTan. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa,romelime<br />

jgufis ugulebelyofa ar aris gamarTlebuli.<br />

roca maswavlebeli rwmundeba, rom yvela jgufi CarTulia<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis SesrulebaSi, mas SeuZlia droebiT ufro pasiuri<br />

roli airCios. igi ikavebs adgils,sai<strong>da</strong>nac TviTon mTel klass<br />

xe<strong>da</strong>vs, magram Tavad ar aris moswavleTa yuradRebis centrSi.<br />

am etapze sakmaod seriozul problemas warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns xmauris<br />

done klasSi. misi kontrolirebisTvis aucilebelia, moswavleebi<br />

jgufSi isxdnen erTmaneTis pirispir <strong>da</strong> erTmaneTTan<br />

axlos; maswavlebels SeuZlia akrZalos adgili<strong>da</strong>n wamodgoma<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxva jgufebTan ga<strong>da</strong>laparakeba; winaswar un<strong>da</strong> SevaTanxmoT<br />

maTTan rame niSani, riTic isini SekiTxvis an <strong>da</strong>xmarebisTvis<br />

mogvixmoben; SeiZleba jgufis erT-erT wevrs <strong>da</strong>vavaloT misive<br />

TanajgufelTa xmauris kontroli. Tu romelime jgufi gansakuTrebiT<br />

xmamaRla saubrobs, maswavleblis miaxloeba <strong>da</strong> Cur-<br />

CuliT <strong>da</strong>smuli SekiTxva an rame komentari xSirad sakmarisia<br />

imisTvis, rom moswavleebmac xmas <strong>da</strong>uwion.<br />

62

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jgufuri muSaobis <strong>da</strong>skvniTi etapi<br />

jgufuri muSaoba wydeba winaswar <strong>da</strong>Tqmul dros an maSin,<br />

roca jgufebis umravlesobas mzad aqvs saboloo Sedegi. zoga<strong>da</strong>d,<br />

umjobesia SevaCeroT moswavleebi maSin, roca isini (nawili<br />

mainc) jer kidev siamovnebiT asruleben am <strong>da</strong>valebas. Tu Cven<br />

<strong>da</strong>velodebiT, sanam bolo jgufic <strong>da</strong>asrulebs muSaobas, es niSnavs,<br />

rom klasis <strong>da</strong>narCeni nawili am dros araefeqtianad iyenebs.<br />

amitom, rogorc ki SevniSnavT, rom moswavleTa umravlesoba<br />

(<strong>da</strong>axloebiT 60%) mza<strong>da</strong>a muSaobis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis warmosad<strong>ge</strong>nad, an<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebisadmi interesma iklo, SegviZlia gamovacxadoT: `bavSvebo,<br />

3 wuTi (es dro SegiZliaT gansazRvroT saWiroebis mixedviT)<br />

<strong>da</strong>grCaT <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesasruleblad. zustad 3 wuTSi yvela<br />

jgufi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns Tavis namuSevars.”<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis <strong>da</strong>srulebis Semdeg uTuod un<strong>da</strong> iyos dro gamoyofili<br />

Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis SejamebisTvis. umetes SemTxvevaSi es saerTo<br />

saklaso muSaobis formiT xdeba. Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis Sejameba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />

formas iRebs Tavad <strong>da</strong>valebis miznebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare. es Sei-<br />

Zleba iyos swori pasuxi SekiTxvaze, an savaraudo variantebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>jgufeba <strong>da</strong>faze, zepiri prezentaciebi an momzadebuli TvalsaCinoebebis<br />

(posterebis, rukebis, naxazebis) gamofena kedlebze.<br />

am etapze maswavleblis mTavari mizania, Tavisi yuradRebiT, SeqebiT,<br />

namuSevris <strong>da</strong>debiT mxareebze yuradRebis gamaxvilebiT<br />

aCvenos, rom afasebs moswavleebis mier gaweul seriozul Sromas<br />

<strong>da</strong> mondomebas. kritikuli SeniSvnebis ZiriTadi nawili<br />

ki maswavleblis momaval samuSao <strong>ge</strong>gmaSi un<strong>da</strong> iyos gaTvaliswinebuli.<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, ipovoT pasuxi am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

mocemul yvela SekiTxvaze. <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gaeciT<br />

pasuxebi.<br />

63

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ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• jgufuri muSaobis <strong>da</strong>wyebamde mieciT moswavleebs na-<br />

Teli instruqciebi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesrulebis modeli; winaswar<br />

gansazRvreT <strong>da</strong> SeatyobineT, rogor apirebT maTi<br />

namuSevris Sefasebas;<br />

• aucilebelia, sworad warvmarToT moswavleTa <strong>da</strong>jgufebis,<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebis procesi <strong>da</strong> ar moveridoT Tanmxleb<br />

sirTuleebs;<br />

• jgufebis muSaobis dros maswavlebeli SeiZleba<br />

mogvevlinos <strong>da</strong>mkvirvebelad, informaciis wyarod, rigiT<br />

monawiled an konsultantad. yvela am rolis kombinireba<br />

<strong>da</strong> monacvleoba uzrunvelyofs <strong>da</strong>valebis warmatebas;<br />

• jgufuri muSaoba wydeba maSin, roca jgufebis umravlesoba<br />

mza<strong>da</strong>a Sedegis warmosad<strong>ge</strong>nad. <strong>da</strong>gvianebuli jgufebis<br />

gamo ar un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>zaraldnen ufro swrafi <strong>da</strong> aqtiuri<br />

monawileebi;<br />

• muSaobis <strong>da</strong>sasruls mieciT moswavleebs dro Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />

prezentaciisa <strong>da</strong> ganxilvisTvis. am dros maswavleblis<br />

mTavari mizania moswavleTa mier miRebul Sede<strong>ge</strong>bSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>debiTi mxareebis wina planze wamoweva <strong>da</strong> iniciativis<br />

waxaliseba.<br />

64

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qcevis wesebi<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ras niSnavs klasSi qcevis wesebi <strong>da</strong> procedurebi;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> moviqceT wesebis SemuSavebisas;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> aviciloT Tavi<strong>da</strong>n wesrigis <strong>da</strong>rRveva;<br />

<strong>da</strong>rRvevis SemTx-<br />

ra zomebs un<strong>da</strong> mivmarToT wesebis<br />

vevaSi.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. maswavlebeli moswavleebs mimarTavs Semdegi monologiT:<br />

`bavSvebo, me min<strong>da</strong> gagacnoT klasSi qcevis wesebi, romlebic<br />

mTeli wlis manZilze un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>icvaT. pirveli, araviTari <strong>da</strong>gvianeba;<br />

meore,klasSi akrZalulia sirbili,xmauri <strong>da</strong> Cxubi; <strong>da</strong> <strong>mes</strong>ame,gakveTilze<br />

me ver avitan uwesrigo <strong>da</strong> moumzadebel moswavles.<br />

imedia, TqvenTvis am wesebis gameoreba aRar <strong>da</strong>mWirdeba <strong>da</strong><br />

maSin Cven uproblemod vimuSavebT mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi.”<br />

rogor SeafasebdiT am mimarTvas ramdenad efeqtiani iqneba<br />

qcevis wesebis am formiT miwodeba moswavleTaTvis ratom<br />

2. ra gziT SeiZleba klasSi SevqmnaT <strong>garemo</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c wesrigis<br />

<strong>da</strong>rRveva iSviaTi movlena iqneba<br />

3. ra xerxebs iyenebT moswavleebis mier disciplinis <strong>da</strong>r-<br />

Rvevis SemTxvevaSi<br />

65

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66<br />

*****<br />

maswavlebelTa didi nawili axal klasTan Sexvedras moswavleebis<br />

gacnobasTan erTad erToblivi muSaobis ZiriTad<br />

wesebze saubriT iwyebs. es bunebrivicaa. maswavlebeli pirveli<br />

dRi<strong>da</strong>nve zrunavs imaze, rom Seqmnas efeqtiani <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>,<br />

anu <strong>garemo</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c moswavles yvela piroba aqvs, rom iswavlos<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>saxul <strong>saswavlo</strong> miznebs miaRwios. es ki SeiZleba<br />

ganxorcieldes mxolod sworad organizebul <strong>garemo</strong>Si, romel-<br />

Sic muSaobis wesebi <strong>da</strong> principebi yvelasTvis karga<strong>da</strong>a cnobili<br />

<strong>da</strong> amitomac maT <strong>da</strong>cvaze, yoveldRiuri saWiroebebisa <strong>da</strong><br />

detalebis mogvarebaze minimaluri dro ixarjeba. mxolod<br />

maSin SeiZleba moswavleTa mTeli dro <strong>da</strong> energia uSualod<br />

swavlisaken mivmarToT, roca gakveTils aqvs naTeli struqtura,<br />

roca moswavleebma zustad ician, ra etapze ras elis maTgan<br />

maswavlebeli, rodis ra qmedebaa misaRebi <strong>da</strong> ra – miuRebeli.<br />

efeqtiani <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>s Seqmnis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi<br />

winapiroba qcevis wesebis SemuSaveba <strong>da</strong> maTi Tanmimdevrulad<br />

gatarebaa.<br />

wesebze saubrisas gamoyofen or jgufs:<br />

a) zogadi wesebi, anu sakmaod mravlismomcveli formulireba<br />

imisa, Tu ragvar saqciels moelis maswavlebeli<br />

moswavleebisgan (mag. `yuradRebiT viyoT gakveTilze <strong>da</strong><br />

SevasruloT yvela <strong>da</strong>valeba~);<br />

b) konkretuli procedurebi, anu ufro detaluri ganmarteba<br />

imisa, Tu rogor ganvaxorcieloT esa Tu is qmedeba.<br />

wesebi<br />

qcevis wesebis SemuSaveba arc ise martivia, rogorc es erTi<br />

SexedviT SeiZleba mogveCvenos. Mupirveles yovlisa, un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT,<br />

rom am wesebma un<strong>da</strong> areguliros moswavleTa moqmedebebi<br />

garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi. amitom logikuria, rom<br />

maT SemuSavebaSi mniSvnelovani roli swored moswavleebma Seasrulon.<br />

qcevis wesebi yvelaze Sedegiania maSin, roca isini maswavlebelsa<br />

<strong>da</strong> moswavleebs Soris TanamSromlobis produqtia.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi moswavleebs uCndebaT pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis SegrZneba.<br />

wesebis SemuSavebis procesis sworad warmarTvisTvis aucilebelia<br />

gvaxsovdes, rom:

---

1. sasurvelia, wesebis raodenoba ar aRematebodes<br />

4-6-s. amaze meti ukve Znelad <strong>da</strong>samaxsovrebelia moswavleebisTvis<br />

<strong>da</strong> Znelad gasatarebeli maswavleblisaTvis. sasurvelia,<br />

moveridoT saerTo saskolo wesebis, an moswavleTa<br />

qcevis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli moTxovnebis gameorebas,<br />

radgan maTi <strong>da</strong>cva TavisTavad moeTxoveba yvela moswavles;<br />

2. wesebi uTuod un<strong>da</strong> Camoyalibdes pozitiuri formiT,<br />

anu moverdoT sityvebs `nu~, `ar~, `akrZalulia~. Aaseve,<br />

sasurvelia, wesi maswavlebelzec vrceldebodes. magali-<br />

Tad, nacvlad wesisa `nu iCxubebT~, formulireba aseTi un<strong>da</strong><br />

iyos: `konfliqtebi mSvidobianad movagvaroT~;<br />

3. wesebi naTlad <strong>da</strong> konkretulad un<strong>da</strong> iyos formulirebuli.<br />

magaliTad, frazebi, rogoricaa `kargi saqcieli~,<br />

`uwesrigo~, `xSiri <strong>da</strong>rRveva~ SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>mabneveli aRmoCndes,<br />

radgan, SesaZloa, moswavleebma maT sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva interpretacia<br />

miscen. Tumca, SesaZlebelia, konkretul wesebs <strong>da</strong>vamatoT<br />

erTi sakmaod zogadic, romelic moicavs yvela im<br />

aspeqts, romlebic <strong>da</strong>narCeni wesebis miRma <strong>da</strong>rCa. magaliTad,<br />

`pativi vceT rogorc sakuTar Tavs, aseve sxvebs~;<br />

4. rogoric ar un<strong>da</strong> iyos wesi, konkretuli Tu zogadi,<br />

mas aucileblad sWirdeba ganmarteba <strong>da</strong> seriozuli<br />

ganxilva, rom moswavleebma SeZlon misi gaTaviseba. maT<br />

aucileblad zustad un<strong>da</strong> esmodeT, ras gulisxmobs es wesi<br />

<strong>da</strong> ra Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi SeiZleba mohyves mis <strong>da</strong>rRvevas. swavlis <strong>da</strong>wyebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

pirveli 2-3 kviris manZilze wesebis ganxilvas xSirad<br />

un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vubrundeT, magaliTad, movawyoT diskusia. rac<br />

ar un<strong>da</strong> gasa<strong>ge</strong>bad avxsnaT wesi Tavi<strong>da</strong>n, mainc araerTxel<br />

mogviwevs masTan <strong>da</strong>bruneba <strong>da</strong> moswavleebisTvis Sexseneba.<br />

yovelive es sakmaod did dros moiTxovs, magram, u<strong>da</strong>voa, rom<br />

<strong>da</strong>xarjuli dro mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi disciplinis<br />

mravali <strong>da</strong>rRvevis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acilebiT anazRaurdeba;<br />

5. moswavleebi ar <strong>da</strong>emorCilebian wess, Tu mas umniSvnelod<br />

miiCneven. maT un<strong>da</strong> icodnen, rom es wesi arsebobs<br />

aramxolod imitom, rom maswavlebelma ase moisurva. <strong>da</strong>vusabuToT<br />

moswavleebs, rom klasSi qcevis wesebi emsaxureba<br />

maTive miznebis miRwevas. es miznebi ki SeiZleba iyos<br />

67

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68<br />

rogorc <strong>saswavlo</strong> (magaliTad, masalis an konkretuli unar-<br />

Cvevis <strong>da</strong>ufleba), aseve socialuri xasiaTisa (magaliaTad,<br />

TanaklaselTa pativiscema). wesis <strong>da</strong>cva gacilebiT ufro<br />

advilad SeiZleba uzrunvelvyoT, Tu wesi Tavad moswavleebis<br />

monawileobiTaa SemuSavebuli;<br />

6. wesebi un<strong>da</strong> gamovakraT TvalsaCino adgilas, raTa<br />

moswavleebs es CamonaTvali mu<strong>da</strong>m Tvalwin hqondeT <strong>da</strong>,<br />

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, xelis ubralo moZraobiT SegveZlos<br />

maTze miniSneba.<br />

procedurebi<br />

procedura SeiZleba ganvsazRvroT, rogorc araformaluri<br />

wesi, romelic imas gulisxmobs, Tu konkretulad ra <strong>da</strong> rogor<br />

un<strong>da</strong> gakeTdes. swored procedurebis erToblioba ayalibebs<br />

gakveTilis struqturas. <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili procedurebis ganxorcieleba<br />

sistematuri, rutinuli, yoveldRiuri un<strong>da</strong> gaxdes,<br />

anu moswavle maT un<strong>da</strong> asrulebdes Cvevis doneze, meqnikurad,<br />

TiTqmis gauazreblad. magaliTad, Tu gvin<strong>da</strong> praqtikulad ganxorcieldes<br />

wesi `zaris <strong>da</strong>rekvisas yvela <strong>da</strong> yvelaferi mzad<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos gakveTilisTvis~,moswavleebma un<strong>da</strong> icodnen,ra nivTebi<br />

<strong>da</strong>sWirdebaT (mag. fanqari, fargali), SevaCvioT isini, rom saklaso<br />

oTaxSi SemosvlisTanave merxze <strong>da</strong>alagon yvela es nivTi,<br />

vaswavloT,sad un<strong>da</strong> iyos CanTa gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />

maSasa<strong>da</strong>me, rutina aris xSiri gameorebiT <strong>da</strong>swavlili qmedeba,<br />

an moswavlis reaqcia maswavleblis miniSnebaze. gamocdil maswavleblebs<br />

SemuSavebuli aqvT amgvari rutina yvela stan<strong>da</strong>rtuli<br />

situaciisTvis (magaliTad, gakveTilis <strong>da</strong>wyeba, <strong>da</strong>mTavreba,<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis rveulebis akreba, gareT gasvlis Txovna) <strong>da</strong> swavlis<br />

<strong>da</strong>wyebi<strong>da</strong>n pirvel or kviras mainc did dros uTmoben am<br />

procedurebis yvela moswavlisaTvis swavlebas, sanam es codna<br />

meqanikur CvevaSi ar ga<strong>da</strong>va. sawinaaRmdego SemTxvevaSi, erTsa<br />

<strong>da</strong> imave saorganizacio sakiTxze saubari <strong>da</strong> SeniSvnebis micema<br />

maT mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi uxdebaT, rasac gacilebiT meti<br />

dro miaqvs.<br />

rac ufro maRal klasSi arian moswavleebi, miT nakleb dros<br />

uTmoben maswavleblebi procedurebze muSaobas, radgan iTvleba,<br />

rom maTi ZiriTadi nawili moswavleebisTvis ukve <strong>da</strong>wyebiTi<br />

klasebi<strong>da</strong>naa cnobili. Tumca arc erT etapze ar SeiZleba<br />

maTi sruli ugulvebelyofa, miTumetes, rom maRal klasebSi<br />

Cndeba sruliad axali procedurebis <strong>da</strong>uflebis aucilebloba

---

(magaliTad,qimiis laboratoriaSi cdebis CatarebisTvis saWiro<br />

usafrTxoebis zomebi).<br />

qcevis wesebisa <strong>da</strong> procedurebis <strong>da</strong>cva<br />

rogorc qcevis wesebis SemuSavebisas, ise maTi <strong>da</strong>cvisTvis<br />

saWiro RonisZiebebis <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvisa <strong>da</strong> gatarebis dros ga<strong>da</strong>mwyveti<br />

faqtoria, Tu ganviTarebis ra safexurze imyofebian moswavleebi.<br />

swored maTi asakobrivi maxasiaTeblebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare ga<strong>da</strong>wyvets<br />

maswavlebeli, ra formiT un<strong>da</strong> Camoyalibdes wesebi <strong>da</strong><br />

ra strategiebi ufro Sedegiani iqneba maTi <strong>da</strong>cvisaTvis.<br />

69

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safexuri asakobrivi maxasiaTeblebi strategiebi<br />

I-III<br />

klasebi<br />

• ar icnoben klas-<br />

Si qcevis umartives<br />

wesebs;<br />

• uWirT yuradRebis<br />

xangrZlivi droiT<br />

koncentracia;<br />

• maswavleblis Seqeba<br />

<strong>da</strong> mowoneba maT-<br />

Tvis uaRresad mniSvnelovania;<br />

• skola, rogorc<br />

ucxo <strong>garemo</strong>, iwvevs<br />

mRelvarebas, gansakuTrebiT<br />

maTTvis,visac<br />

ar gauvlia sabavSvo<br />

baRi;<br />

• naTlad <strong>da</strong> martivad<br />

Camoyalibebuli<br />

qcevis wesebi;<br />

• qcevis wesebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>cvisTvis xSiri waxaliseba;<br />

• wesis <strong>da</strong>rRvevisas<br />

msubuqi,magram Tanmimdevruli<br />

zomebi;<br />

• pirveli dReebi<strong>da</strong>nve<br />

Tbili urTier-<br />

Tobis <strong>da</strong>myareba Ti-<br />

Toeul moswavlesTan<br />

IV-VI<br />

klasebi<br />

• maswavleblis mowoneba<br />

kvlav mniSvnelovania,<br />

magram TanatolTa<br />

azri ufro<strong>da</strong>ufro met<br />

wonas iZens;<br />

• yuradRebas aqceven<br />

maswavleblis emociebis<br />

yvela gamovlinebas (mag.<br />

maswavleblis Rimils<br />

an wuxils problemur<br />

situaciebSi);<br />

• Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan yalibdeba<br />

sakuTari <strong>da</strong><br />

• moswavleebTan<br />

akademiur Tu socialur<br />

sakiTxebze regularuli<br />

komunikaciis<br />

gzebis Zieba, mag. dRiurebis<br />

wera <strong>da</strong> a.S.;<br />

• sityviTac <strong>da</strong><br />

saqmiTac <strong>da</strong>mtkiceba,<br />

rom moswavleTa akademiuri<br />

winsvla <strong>da</strong><br />

keTildReoba CvenTvis<br />

mniSvnelovania;<br />

70

---

sxvaTa grZnobebisa <strong>da</strong> motivebis<br />

gaazrebis unari;<br />

• xSiri akademiuri<br />

an socialuri problemebis<br />

SemTxvevaSi Cndeba skolisgan<br />

Tavis <strong>da</strong>Rwevis mzardi<br />

survili.<br />

• waxaliseba imisa, rom<br />

moswavleebma ifiqron erTmaneTis<br />

grZnobebze, gansakuTrebiT<br />

konfliqtis <strong>da</strong><br />

uTanxmoebis SemTxvevaSi;<br />

• aramotivirebul problemur<br />

moswavleebTan axlo<br />

urTierTobis SenarCuneba.<br />

VII-IX<br />

kl.<br />

• maswavleblebTan nakleb<br />

Tbili urTierToba yalibdeba;<br />

• xSiria maswavleblis<br />

motyuebis mcdeloba;<br />

• Tanatolebis azri<br />

<strong>da</strong> maT Soris popularoba<br />

udides mniSvnelobas iZens;<br />

• xSirdeba uxeSi qcevis<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxvaTa <strong>da</strong>Sinebis mcdelobebi.<br />

• moswavleebTan er-<br />

Tad klasgareSe RonisZiebebSi<br />

monawileoba;<br />

• moswavleebi naklebad<br />

cdiloben moatyuon maswavlebeli,<br />

visganac pativiscemas <strong>da</strong> mxar<strong>da</strong>Weras<br />

grZnoben,magram yuradRebis<br />

moduneba mainc <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia;<br />

• Tanabari yuradReba uxe-<br />

Sobisa <strong>da</strong> agresiis yvela gamovlinebis<br />

mimarT: aseTi qcevis<br />

faruli mizezebis kvleva;<br />

X-XII<br />

kl.<br />

• xSirad swavlis nacvlad<br />

socialuri <strong>da</strong> romantiuli<br />

urTierTobebi eqceva<br />

yuradRebis centrSi;<br />

• xSiria TanaklaselTa<br />

uaryofiTi <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba<br />

im moswavleebis mimarT, romlebic<br />

maswavleblis qebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>msaxurebas cdiloben;<br />

• qcevis normebis <strong>da</strong>r-<br />

Rveva TanatolebSi popularobis<br />

moxveWis gzad miiCneva;<br />

• Zaladobis <strong>da</strong> agresiis<br />

tendencia Zlierdeba.<br />

• RonisZiebebi <strong>da</strong> aqtivobebi,<br />

romlebic moswavleTa<br />

Soris urTierTobebis<br />

gaumjobesebas emsaxureba<br />

rogorc klasSi, ise klasis<br />

gareT;<br />

• moswavlis Seqeba piradi<br />

Sexvedrisas <strong>da</strong> ara mTeli<br />

klasis winaSe;<br />

• problemuri qcevis <strong>da</strong><br />

misi uaryofiTi Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />

ganxilva moswavleebTan er-<br />

Tad.<br />

71

---

• agresiis sawinaaRmdego<br />

winaswari<br />

zomebi Zaladobis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

asacileblad.<br />

ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, aris tendenciebi, rac saerToa yvela safexurisTvis.<br />

mkvlevarTa umravlesoba amtkicebs, rom kargi<br />

saqcielisTvis moswavlis Seqeba, waxaliseba gacilebiT ufro<br />

efeqtiani strategiaa disciplinis <strong>da</strong>cvisaTvis, vidre wesis<br />

<strong>da</strong>rRvevis gamo misi <strong>da</strong>sja. amitom warmatebuli maswavleblebi<br />

prevencias (winaswari RonisZiebebi uaryofiTi qmedebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

asacileblad) <strong>da</strong> reaqcias Soris arCevans pirvelis sasar<strong>ge</strong>blod<br />

akeTeben. isini axerxeben, <strong>da</strong>rRveva Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aicilon, an<br />

misi pirveli simptomebis gamomJRavnebisTanave aRkveTon igi.<br />

seriozuli <strong>da</strong>rRvevis Semdgomi reagireba arasodesaa ase efeqturi.<br />

72<br />

prevencia<br />

qcevis wesebis <strong>da</strong>rReveva <strong>da</strong> disciplinis problemebi naklebad<br />

mosalodnelia klasSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c saqmiani <strong>da</strong> urTierTpativiscemaze<br />

<strong>da</strong>fuZnebuli atmosferoa Seqmnili. amgvari <strong>garemo</strong>s SeqmnisTvis<br />

ki un<strong>da</strong> gvaxsovdes, rom<br />

• moswavle meti xalisiT emorCileba maswavlebels,<br />

romelic uyvars <strong>da</strong> romelsac pativs scems. amitom, vicnobdeT<br />

moswavleebs, maT mdgomareobas <strong>da</strong> xasiaTs, vecadoT,<br />

vagrZnobinoT Cveni mzrunveloba. wesebs Tbili urTierTobis<br />

gareSe `ajanyebamde~ mivyavarT;<br />

• moswavles ar scalia wesebis <strong>da</strong>sarRvevad,roca igi<br />

saqmiTaa <strong>da</strong>kavebuli. amitom detalurad <strong>da</strong>v<strong>ge</strong>gmoT gakveTili<br />

<strong>da</strong> SevecadoT, mTeli dro saintereso, mniSvnelovani<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebebiT SevavsoT;<br />

• moswavlis qcevaze <strong>da</strong>debiTad aisaxeba, roca man<br />

icis,rom maswavleblebi TanamSromloben mis mSoblebTan <strong>da</strong><br />

ojaxis wevrebTan. anu yvela ufrosi, romelic mniSvnelovan<br />

rols asrulebs mis cxovrebaSi, erToblivi ZalebiT iRwvis

---

misive keTildReobisTvis;<br />

• maswavleblis magaliTs xSirad meti Zala aqvs, vidre<br />

aTeulobiT wess <strong>da</strong> mkacr moTxovnas. wess, romelsac<br />

maswavlebeli Tavad emorCileba, samarTlianad <strong>da</strong> aucileblad<br />

miiCneven moswavleebic.<br />

maswavlebels ar aviwydeba sayveduris Tqma, Tu gakveTilis<br />

ganmavlobaSi moswavlem erTxel mainc <strong>da</strong>arRvia romelime wesi.<br />

magaliTad, <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli muSaobisas ga<strong>da</strong>ulaparaka gverdiT<br />

mjdom megobars. Ees, ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, saWiroa, magram aranakleb<br />

mniSvnelovania, igive moswavle SevaqoT, Tu man MSeZlo mTeli<br />

gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi arc erTxel ar ga<strong>da</strong>exvia winaswar<br />

<strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili wesebisaTvis. `gamoviWiroT~ moswavle kargi qcevis<br />

momentSi <strong>da</strong> ara marto wesrigis <strong>da</strong>rRvevisas. Seqeba (xSir<br />

SemTxvevaSi) stimulia im moswavlisTvis, vinc igi <strong>da</strong>imsaxura,<br />

amasTan, <strong>da</strong>narCeni klasis yuradRebasac miapyrobs pozitiur<br />

magaliTs. moswavlis Seqebisas, sasurvelia, gaviTvaliswinoT<br />

ramdenime rCeva:<br />

1. SevaqoT konkretuli qmedeba,konkretuli wesis kargad<br />

Sesruleba. zogadi frazebi (mag. kargia, yoCaR) male<br />

cvdeba <strong>da</strong> Tan moswavlisTvis SeiZleba bundovani <strong>da</strong>rCes,<br />

risTvis <strong>da</strong>imsaxura es Seqeba. amitom, umjobesia, <strong>da</strong>vakonkretoT<br />

ras vgulisxmobT. mag. `ana, Seni wignebi araCveulebrivad<br />

sufTa <strong>da</strong> mowesri<strong>ge</strong>bulia, yoCaR.~ ;<br />

2. <strong>da</strong>vajildooT mondomeba, mcdeloba <strong>da</strong> ara Sedegi.<br />

Tu vxe<strong>da</strong>vT moswavlis qcevaSi progress, Tun<strong>da</strong>c igi<br />

mTlianad ver axerxebdes Cveni moTxovnebis <strong>da</strong>kmayofilebas,<br />

SevaqoT igi <strong>da</strong> vagrZnobinoT, rom misi mcdeloba mxedvelobi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

ar gvrCeba;<br />

3. mSobelTan <strong>da</strong>rekvas, an werils maswavleblebi<br />

ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d seriozuli <strong>da</strong>rRvevebis SemTxvevaSi mimarTaven.<br />

magram ratom ar un<strong>da</strong> SevatyobinoT mSoblebs moswavlis<br />

warmatebebi bevri maswavleblis <strong>da</strong>kvirvebiT, es xerxi uaRresad<br />

efeqturia moswavleebis motivaciis gasaZliereblad.<br />

azrTa sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvaoba arsebobs imasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, Tu ramdenad<br />

gamarTlebulia moswavleTa waxalisebis mizniT rame<br />

saxis jildos <strong>da</strong>weseba. aseTi jildo SeiZleba iyos magali-<br />

Tad stikeri (Casawebebeli feradi suraTi), rame privilegia (mag.<br />

jgufis liderad <strong>da</strong>niSvna), moswavleebis sayvareli aqtivoba<br />

(mag. TamaSi) <strong>da</strong> a.S. rogorc zogi mkvlevari miiCnevs, aris sa-<br />

73

---

frTxe, rom am waxalisebam erTgvari moqrTamvis saxe miiRos.<br />

am saSiSroebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asacileblad, SeTanxmeba winaswar un<strong>da</strong><br />

Sed<strong>ge</strong>s <strong>da</strong> araviTar SemTxvevaSi <strong>da</strong>rRvevis Semdeg. yovlad<br />

gaumarTlebelia, moswavles, romelic nebarTvis gareSe <strong>da</strong>dis<br />

klasSi, mivmarToT:<br />

ix. gv. 78<br />

`gio, Tu axlave <strong>da</strong>ubrundebi Sens adgils,<br />

dRes Sen iqnebi gundis kapitani~. Ffaqtobrivad,<br />

moswavle jildovdeba cudi saqcielisTvis,xolo<br />

sxvebi, visac wesrigi ar <strong>da</strong>urRvevia, maswavleblis<br />

yuradRebis miRma rCebian. es aris stimuli<br />

moswavleebisaTvis momavalSic wesrigis <strong>da</strong>rRvevis<br />

gziT gamostyuon maswavlebels jildo.<br />

waxalisebisa <strong>da</strong> kargi qcevis <strong>da</strong>jildoebis<br />

sakiTxebi ufro detalurad ganxilulia TavSi<br />

qcevis TviTmarTvis Sesaxeb.<br />

reaqcia<br />

rac un<strong>da</strong> warmatebiT gamoviyenoT prevenciis xerxebi, qcevis<br />

wesebisa <strong>da</strong> procedurebis <strong>da</strong>rRvevis SemTxvevebi klasSi<br />

mainc iqneba. maswavleblis profesionalizmzea <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli,<br />

Tu ramdenad adreul etapze SeniSnavs igi disciplinis <strong>da</strong>rRvevis<br />

niSnebs <strong>da</strong> ramdenad swrafad <strong>da</strong> umtkivneulod moaxerxebs<br />

maT aRkveTas.<br />

aris SemTxvevebi, roca <strong>da</strong>rRvevis ignorireba gamarTlebulia.<br />

un<strong>da</strong> gvaxsovdes, rom maswavleblis reagirebis Sedegad<br />

mTeli klasis yuradReba problemur qcevaze ga<strong>da</strong>dis. jer erTi,<br />

es abrkolebs gakveTilis normalur mimdinareobas <strong>da</strong> meorec,<br />

wesrigis <strong>da</strong>mrRvevs SeiZleba sayovelTao yuradReba sasurvela<strong>da</strong>c<br />

miaCndes. am mizezebis gamo, maswavlebelma SeiZleba Tvali<br />

aaridos <strong>da</strong>rRvevas, Tu<br />

74<br />

• es gamonaklisi SemTxvevaa, an gamowveulia uCveulo<br />

<strong>garemo</strong> pirobebiT (mag. <strong>saswavlo</strong> wlis bolo dRea, an moswavleebis<br />

pirad cxovrebaSi rame gansakuTrebuli xdeba);<br />

• qceva bunebrivia moswavleTa ganviTarebis mocemul<br />

safexurze (mag. <strong>da</strong>wyebiTi klasebis moswavleebis mousvenroba<br />

xangrZlivad erT adgilze jdomis Semdeg);<br />

• <strong>da</strong>rRveva xels ar uSlis <strong>saswavlo</strong> process <strong>da</strong> ar

---

miipyrobs moswavleebis yuradRebas (mag. giam <strong>da</strong>valebis micemis<br />

Semdeg amoiRo CanTi<strong>da</strong>n fanqari, romelic wesis mixedviT<br />

Tavi<strong>da</strong>nve merxze un<strong>da</strong> yofiliyo).<br />

maSinac ki, roca maswavlebeli Carevas saWirod CaTvlis, un<strong>da</strong><br />

vecadoT, wesrigis <strong>da</strong>mrRvevi, ramdena<strong>da</strong>c SesaZlebelia, SeumCnevlad<br />

<strong>da</strong>vubrunoT samuSaos. magaliTad, roca masalis axsnisas<br />

SevniSnavT, rom erTi moswavle sxva ramiTaa <strong>da</strong>kavebuli,<br />

SeiZleba rame JestiT vaniSnoT Cveni ukmayofileba, an, ubralod,<br />

<strong>da</strong>vd<strong>ge</strong>T masTan axlos. SeiZleba, aseve, bunebrivad CavurToT<br />

misi saxeli saubarSi, mag. `am ricxvebis jami, nino, rogorc Cven<br />

ukve viciT, tolia...~.<br />

roca amgvari taqtiani mcdeloba uSedegoa, maswavlebli<br />

iZulebulia, sxva zomebs mimarTos. wlis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi wesebis<br />

SemuSavebisTanave un<strong>da</strong> ganisazRvros, ra saxis <strong>da</strong>rRvevas ra<br />

reagireba mohyveba. aucilebelia, rom moswavleTa umravlesoba<br />

yvela am zomas arasasiamovnod, magram samarTlianad <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>rRvevis<br />

Sesaferisad miiCnevdes. xSir SemTxvevaSi CamonaTvali 3-<strong>da</strong>n<br />

7-mde sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva RonisZiebas moicavs.<br />

qvemoT moyvanilia erTi magaliTi imisa, Tu rogor SeiZleba<br />

<strong>da</strong>lagdes disciplinis <strong>da</strong>rRvevisTvis gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

zomebi nakleb seriozuli<strong>da</strong>n ufro seriozulamde:<br />

1. sityvieri Sexseneba, rom ukve ganxiluli <strong>da</strong> SeTanxmebuli<br />

wesebi<strong>da</strong>n erT-erTi irRveva;<br />

2. Sesvenebis 5 wuTis <strong>da</strong>kargva (am droSi moswavle asrulebs<br />

rame <strong>da</strong>valebas gakveTilze <strong>da</strong>karguli drois asanaz-<br />

Raureblad);<br />

3. Sesvenebis 10 wuTis <strong>da</strong>kargva (an gakveTilebis Semdeg<br />

10 wuTiT <strong>da</strong>toveba);<br />

4. gakveTilebis Semdeg 20 wuTiT <strong>da</strong>toveba;<br />

5. Sesvenebis mTeli drois <strong>da</strong>kargva <strong>da</strong> satelefono zari<br />

mSoblebTan;<br />

6. moswavlis gagzavna direqtorTan, an direqtoris moadgilesTan.<br />

imisTvis, rom winaswar SemuSavebulma zomebma Sedegi<br />

gamoiRos, maswavlebeli uTuod bolomde Tanmimdevruli un<strong>da</strong><br />

iyos. Tu <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili wesi <strong>da</strong>irRva, amas reagireba un<strong>da</strong> mohyves<br />

imis<strong>da</strong> miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, vin Caidina es, an ramdenad mniSvnelovani<br />

saqmiT viyaviT <strong>da</strong>kavebuli, roca es mox<strong>da</strong>. Tun<strong>da</strong>c erTi gamonaklisis<br />

<strong>da</strong>Sveba uaRresad saxifaTo precendents qmnis. amitomac<br />

75

---

eqspertebi gvirCeven, rom ar SemoviRoT wesi, Tu ara varT mzad<br />

igi yovelTvis, yvela pirobebSi <strong>da</strong>vicvaT.<br />

es simtkice <strong>da</strong> Tanmimdevruloba uTuod un<strong>da</strong> Seerwyas moswavlisadmi<br />

taqtian, mzrunvel <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebas. upirveles<br />

yovlisa, un<strong>da</strong> gvaxsovdes, rom klasTan urTierTobaSi maswavleblis<br />

mTavari iaraRi simSvidea. aRelvebul maswavlebels<br />

gauWirdeba, gamoiyenos mTeli Tavisi sibrZne, gamocdileba <strong>da</strong><br />

socialuri unar-Cvevebi problemis ga<strong>da</strong>WrisTvis. amasTan, emocia<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>mdebia. maswavleblis risxvam SeiZleba agresia gamoiwvios<br />

moswavleebSi, an piriqiT, gaarTos isini (ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d ufrosi<br />

klasebis moswavleebis SemTxvevaSi). Aamitom, sasurvelia,<br />

gaviTvaliswinoT ramdenime rCeva:<br />

• arc erT problemur situaciaSi ar un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>vcdeT<br />

taqtis <strong>da</strong> Tavazianobis sazRvrebs. Tu SesaZlebelia,<br />

umjobesia seriozuli SeniSvna moswavles piradi saubrisas,<br />

<strong>da</strong> ara mTeli klasis winaSe, mivceT;<br />

• yvela SeniSvna un<strong>da</strong> exebodes konkretul saqciels,<br />

moqmedebas <strong>da</strong> ara moswavlis pirovnebas. maSin igi naklebad<br />

Seuracxmyofelia <strong>da</strong> nakleb agresiasac iwvevs moswavlis<br />

mxri<strong>da</strong>n;<br />

• yvela SeniSvna un<strong>da</strong> iyos konkretuli <strong>da</strong> lakonuri;<br />

moveridoT moswavlesTan debatebSi Sesvlas ama Tu<br />

im saqcielis Taobaze. <strong>da</strong>rRvevis momentSi Cveni prioriteti<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos normaluri <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis rac SeiZleba<br />

swrafad aRd<strong>ge</strong>na. saqcielis detaluri ganxilvisTvis sxva,<br />

ufro Sesaferisi dro SeiZleba SevarCioT, roca orive mxare<br />

SeZlebs <strong>da</strong>wynarebulad msjelobas;<br />

• SevecadoT, <strong>da</strong>viviwyoT <strong>da</strong>Zabulobis Sesaxeb,<br />

rogorc ki moswavle <strong>da</strong>emorCileba Cvens moTxovnas. madloba<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>vuxadoT mas swrafi reagirebisTvis <strong>da</strong> vagrZnobinoT,<br />

rom swored amgvar saqciels veliT misgan momavalSic.<br />

klasis marTvis TvalsazrisiT,maswavleblis gamarjveba aris<br />

ara moswavlis <strong>da</strong>morCileba, aramed is, rom moswavle swavlobs<br />

axal, ufro swor, klasisTvis Sesafer <strong>da</strong> socialurad gamarTlebul<br />

qcevas.<br />

76

---

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, ipovoT pasuxi am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

mocemul yvela SekiTxvaze. <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gaeciT<br />

pasuxebi.<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• gakveTilis marTvis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani aspeqtia<br />

misi struqturis <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>na,rac yoveldRiuri qcevis wesebis<br />

SemuSavebas <strong>da</strong> maT Tanmimdevrul gatarebas gulisxmobs;<br />

• qcevis wesebi un<strong>da</strong> iyos advilad gasa<strong>ge</strong>bi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>samaxsovrebeli,pozitiuri<br />

formiT,naTlad <strong>da</strong> konkretulad<br />

Camoyalibebuli;<br />

• procedura gansazRvravs qcevis wesis ganxorcielebis<br />

konkretul gzebs. proceduris <strong>da</strong>cva rutinis saxes<br />

iRebs;<br />

• qcevis wesebsa <strong>da</strong> procedurebze muSaobas maswavlebelma<br />

didi dro un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>uTmos, gansakuTrebiT, swavlis<br />

<strong>da</strong>wyebi<strong>da</strong>n 2-3 kviris ganmavlobaSi;<br />

• wesebis <strong>da</strong>cvis gamo moswavlis waxaliseba gacilebiT<br />

ufro efeqturi startegiaa disciplinis <strong>da</strong>cvisaTvis, vidre<br />

wesis <strong>da</strong>rRvevis gamo misi <strong>da</strong>sja. amdenad, maswavlebelma<br />

un<strong>da</strong> icodes, Tu rogori zomebi miiRos wesis <strong>da</strong>r-<br />

Rvevis SemTxvevaSi, magram aranakleb mniSvnelovania imis<br />

codna, Tu ra gziT SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>rRvevebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acileba.<br />

77

---

qcevis TviTmarTva<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ras niSnavs qcevis TviTmarTva;<br />

ras gulisxmobs samizne qceva <strong>da</strong> rogoria maswavleblis<br />

roli samizne qcevis gansazRvraSi;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> warimarTos TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis procesi;<br />

ra SemTxvevaSia umjobesi<br />

formis gamoyeneba.<br />

`ganmtkicebis~ sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />

78<br />

situacia<br />

gakveTilze nuca xSirad nebarTvis gareSe iwyebs laparaks.<br />

maswavleblis <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvaze pasuxs xelis awevis gareSe<br />

wamoiZaxebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrebas aravis aclis. naCqarevi pasuxebi<br />

yovelTvis swori rodia, magram es mas xels ar uSlis, sxva drosac<br />

igive gaimeoros. diskusiis drosac xSirad Seawyvetinebs<br />

Tanaklaselebs saubars <strong>da</strong> aravis aclis azris <strong>da</strong>srulebas.<br />

maswavlebelma sca<strong>da</strong>, taqtianad mieniSnebina nucasTvis, rom nebarTvis<br />

gareSe laparakis <strong>da</strong>wyeba ewinaaRmde<strong>ge</strong>ba klasSi qcevis<br />

wesebs. roca aman Sedegi ar gamoiRo, gakveTilis Semdeg <strong>da</strong>ibara<br />

<strong>da</strong> pira<strong>da</strong>d esaubra. nuca <strong>da</strong>eTanxma maswavlebels, rom misi qceva<br />

miuRebelia <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>hpir<strong>da</strong>, rom es aRar ganmeordebo<strong>da</strong>. meore<br />

dRes igi maqsimalurad Seeca<strong>da</strong> Tavisi <strong>da</strong>pireba Seesrulebina,<br />

magram es didxans ar gagrZelebula. <strong>mes</strong>ame dRi<strong>da</strong>n nuca kvlav<br />

Zveleburad iqceo<strong>da</strong>.<br />

nuca grZnobs, rom misi qceva xels uSlis masac <strong>da</strong> Tanaklaselebsac,<br />

magram uWirs qcevis Secvla. ra xerxs SeiZleba mimarTos<br />

maswavlebelma, rom <strong>da</strong>exmaros nucas am problemis <strong>da</strong>ZlevaSi

---

*****<br />

ar aris advili, uzrunvelvyoT moswavlis adekvaturi qceva<br />

klassa <strong>da</strong> skolaSi. kidev ufro rTulia, vaswavloT moswavles,<br />

Tu rogor aiRos pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba sakuTar moqmedebebze, CamovuyaliboT<br />

mas qcevis TviTmarTvis unar-Cvevebi. swored es warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

maswavleblis umniSvnelovanes amocanas.<br />

TviTmarTva aris a<strong>da</strong>mianis unari, gaacnobieros <strong>da</strong> marTos<br />

sakuTari qceva. aq igulisxmeba moswavlis unari,Tavad <strong>da</strong>isaxos<br />

mizani (magaliTad, romelime konkretuli qcevis Secvla), xolo<br />

Semdeg <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmos <strong>da</strong> ganaxorcielos am miznis misaRwevad saWiro<br />

RonisZiebebi. imis ga<strong>da</strong>sawyvetad, romeli qceva un<strong>da</strong> SevcvaloT<br />

<strong>da</strong> romeli SevinarCunoT, aucilebelia zustad vafasebdeT Cvens<br />

qmedebebs. moswavleebs sakmaod uWirT sakuTari qcevis obieqturad<br />

Sefaseba. magaliTad, moswavle SeiZleba verc xvdebodes,<br />

rom saklaso <strong>da</strong>valebisTvis gamoyofili drois naxevarze mets<br />

klasis Tvalierebasa <strong>da</strong> merxze wrialSi atarebs. amdenad, is<br />

ver xvdeba, ratom ver aswrebs <strong>da</strong>valebis <strong>da</strong>srulebas <strong>da</strong> ratomaa<br />

misi Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi ase <strong>da</strong>bali. amitomac qcevis TviTmarTvis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />

aspeqts Soris gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania is unarebi<br />

<strong>da</strong> strategiebi, romlebsac moswavle iyenebs sakuTar qcevaze<br />

<strong>da</strong>kvirvebisa <strong>da</strong> saWiro cvlilebebis ganxorcielebisaTvis. am<br />

unar-Cvevebis CamoyalibebisTvis moswavlem <strong>da</strong> maswavlebelma<br />

erTad un<strong>da</strong> imuSaon. es aris sakmaod rTuli procesi, romelic<br />

ramdenime etapad SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>iyos:<br />

I. miznis (samizne qcevis) gansazRvra;<br />

II. TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis meTodis SemuSaveba;<br />

III. waxalisebis formebis SerCeva;<br />

IV. TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis sistemis gamoyeneba;<br />

V. TviTganmtkiceba.<br />

79

---

I. miznis gansazRvra<br />

moswavle <strong>da</strong> maswavlebeli erTad gansazRvraven, moswavlis<br />

ra qmedebaze un<strong>da</strong> gaamaxvilon yuradReba. amgvari qmedebebis<br />

arCevani sakmaod farToa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia imaze, Tu ras aRiqvams<br />

orive mxare gansakuTrebiT problemurad. swored im qcevas,<br />

romlis Secvlas an Camoyalibebasac visaxavT miznad, SeiZleba<br />

vuwodoT samizne qceva.<br />

bunebrivia,rom moswavleebi metad arian <strong>da</strong>interesebuli miznis<br />

miRweviT <strong>da</strong> amitom metsac aRweven, roca es mizani Tavs moxveuli<br />

ki ara, maT miervea gansazRvruli. es faqtori arsebi-<br />

Tia TviTmarTvis unaris ganviTarebisTvis. amitom, sasurvelia,<br />

SevqmnaT situaciebi, sa<strong>da</strong>c moswavle Tavad SeZlebs, ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitos,<br />

ra miznis miRweva surs. magaliTad, SeiZleba vkiTxoT mas,<br />

ramdeni axali inglisuri sityvis swavlas SeZlebs Temis <strong>da</strong>srulebamde,an<br />

ramden xanSi SeZlebs TanaklaselTan konfliqtis<br />

mogvarebas.<br />

maswavleblis taqtsa <strong>da</strong> profesionalizmzea <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli,<br />

rom qceva, romelic maswavlebels problemurad miaCnia, moswavlisTvisac<br />

iqces miznad. arc Tu ise rTulia, gavaRviZoT moswavlis<br />

Rirsebis SegrZneba, misi socialuri pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis<br />

grZnoba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vanaxoT mas, rom misi qceva gavlenas axdens ara<br />

mxolod misive, aramed sxvebis yofazec.<br />

samizne qcevad SeiZleba iqces klasSi savarjiSos droze <strong>da</strong>sruleba,saSinao<br />

<strong>da</strong>valebis Cabareba,sakuTar adgilze yofna mTeli<br />

gakveTilis manZilze, maswavleblis SekiTxvaze pasuxis gacemis<br />

forma, Sesasrulebel samuSaoze yuradRebis koncentracia,<br />

Tanaklaselebisadmi mimarTvis formebi <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />

ix. I -<br />

gv. 77<br />

sasurvelia, TviTmarTvis procesis miznad ganisazRvros<br />

pozitiuri qceva <strong>da</strong> ara wesrigis <strong>da</strong>rRveva.<br />

magaliTad, moswavlis yuradReba SeiZleba mivapyroT<br />

imas, Tu ramdenjer Segvawyvetina man gakveTili<br />

uadgilo wamoZaxiliT an SekiTxviT. Tumca ufro<br />

efeqturi iqneba, Tu amis nacvlad igi aRricxavs, ramdenjer<br />

aniSna man maswavlebels xelis aweviT (anu<br />

<strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili wesis mixedviT) azris gamoTqmis survili<br />

<strong>da</strong> gamoZaxebisas <strong>da</strong>sva gakveTilTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli<br />

SekiTxva. <strong>da</strong>debiT, misaReb qcevaze yuradRebis gamaxvilebiT<br />

maswavlebeli xazs usvams, rom mTeli am<br />

procesis mizania sasurveli qcevis ganmtkiceba,<br />

80

---

<strong>da</strong> ara wesis <strong>da</strong>rRvevisTvis <strong>da</strong>sja. amgvarad gansazRvruli samizne<br />

qceva ufro misaRebia moswavlisTvisac.<br />

amasTan, samizne qceva ar un<strong>da</strong> iyos zogadi, raTa gaadvildes<br />

misi aRricxva. arasakmarisad konkretulia gansazRvreba `ramdenad<br />

pativiscemiT veqcevi Tanaklaselebs,~ radgan amis <strong>da</strong>Tvla<br />

an gazomva praqtikulad SeuZlebelia. samagierod, sakmaod<br />

advilad SeiZleba moswavle <strong>da</strong>akvirdes, Tu ramdenjer <strong>da</strong>artya<br />

klasels, an piriqiT, ramdenjer upasuxa mas Tavaziani fraziT<br />

(am frazebis CamonaTvalic SeiZleba winaswar ganisazRvros).<br />

samizne qcevis gansazRvras aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> mohyves misi<br />

detaluri ganxilva moswavlisTvis gasa<strong>ge</strong>b enaze. `samuSaoze<br />

fokusirebuli~ SeiZleba misTvis iTargmnos, rogorc `wers,<br />

kiTxulobs an pasuxobs SekiTxvebs gansazRvrul droSi~. Sei-<br />

Zleba mas vTxovoT, moiyvanos am qcevis magaliTebi, an aRweros<br />

igi Tavisi sityvebiT. mTavaria, moswavles zustad esmodes, konkretulad<br />

ra qcevas un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>akvirdes.<br />

miznis gansazRvris etapze maswavlebeli un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>exmaros moswavles,<br />

rom mizani iyos realisturi, magram arc Zalian advilad<br />

misaRwevi. SeiZleba wavaxalisoT igi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vanaxoT, rom<br />

am amocanis ga<strong>da</strong>Wra SesaZlebelia (mag. gavamxnevoT sxva moswavleebis<br />

magaliTiT). zogjer saWiro xdeba imis axsnac, rom<br />

srulyofilebas ar un<strong>da</strong> velodoT <strong>da</strong> Secdomis gareSe rTuli<br />

amocanisTvis Tavis garTmeva SeuZlebelia.<br />

II. TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis meTodis SemuSaveba<br />

moswavlesTan erTad maswavlebelma un<strong>da</strong> gansazRvros,<br />

rogor moxdeba samizne qcevis aRricxva. amisTvis gamoiyeneba<br />

sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxis cxrili an sqema <strong>da</strong> xSirad, drois gazomvis<br />

rame meqanizmi: wammzomi, maRviZara <strong>da</strong> a.S. magaliTad, moswavles<br />

merxze udevs martivi cxrili, romelSic aRniSnavs mis mier<br />

samizne qcevis sworad ganxorcielebis yvela SemTxvevas (mag.<br />

ramdenjer awia xeli wamoZaxebis nacvlad).<br />

arsebobs sxvagvari cxrilebic,romlebSic maswavleblis signalze<br />

moswavlem un<strong>da</strong> aRricxos, asrulebs Tu ara samizne qcevas<br />

mocemul momentSi. magaliTad, maRviZaras yovel signalze<br />

moswavlem cxrilSi `+~ an `_~-iT un<strong>da</strong> aRniSnos, muSaobs Tu<br />

ara maswavleblis mier micemul <strong>da</strong>valebaze. aq araviTari mniSvneloba<br />

ar aqvs, ras akeTeb<strong>da</strong> moswavle wuTis win an Tun<strong>da</strong>c<br />

bolo 5 wuTis manZilze. aRiricxeba mxolod is, Tu ras akeTebs<br />

igi, roca signali gaismis. am meTodis gamoyenebisas didi mniSvneloba<br />

aqvs intervals signalebs Soris. Uumjobesia, <strong>da</strong>viwyoT<br />

81

---

ufro xanmokle Sualedi<strong>da</strong>n (SeiZleba 30 wami<strong>da</strong>nac ki) <strong>da</strong> es<br />

dro Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiT gavzardoT. aucilebelia, rom moswavleebi<br />

ver xe<strong>da</strong>vdnen saaTs <strong>da</strong> signali yovelTvis moulodneli iyos.<br />

moswavlis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis gaumjobesebasTan erTad izrdeba intervali<br />

signalebs Soris. bevri maswavlebeli saWirod miiCnevs,<br />

gaarTulos Tavad <strong>da</strong>valebac. signalis gagonebisas moswavle<br />

0-<strong>da</strong>n 5 qulamde afasebs sakuTar qcevas wina signalis Semdgom<br />

periodSi.<br />

0 qulas uwers igi sakuTar Tavs,Tu bolo or signals Soris<br />

intervalSi arc erTxel ar ganuxorcielebia samizne qceva (mag.<br />

ar umuSavia saklaso <strong>da</strong>valebaze);<br />

1 qula – am periodSi samizne qceva erTxel mainc ganxorciel<strong>da</strong><br />

an xorcieldebo<strong>da</strong> Zalian mcire drois ganmavlobaSi;<br />

2 qula – samizne qceva xorcieldebo<strong>da</strong> naxevar droze nakleb<br />

periodSi;<br />

3 qula – sul mcire naxevari drois manZilze;<br />

4 qula – TiTqmis mTeli drois manZilze;<br />

5 qula – idealuri qceva signalebs Soris periodSi.<br />

moswavlis mier Sevsebulma cxrilma SeiZleba aseTi saxe<br />

miiRos:<br />

82

---

TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis forma - qeTi<br />

yovel 10 wuTSi aRniSne, rogor asruleb saklaso samuSaos<br />

+ TiTqmis sul vmuSaobdi<br />

1/2 <strong>da</strong>axloebiT naxevari dro vmuSaobdi<br />

- TiTqmis ar vmuSaobdi<br />

9.00-9.10<br />

9.10-9.20 9.20-9.30<br />

9.30-9.40 9.40-9.50 9.50-9.00<br />

+ + 1/2 - Sesveneba +<br />

10.00-10.10 10.00-10.20 10.00-10.30<br />

10.00-10.10 10.00-10.10<br />

1/2<br />

- + Sesveneba<br />

III. waxalisebis formebis SerCeva<br />

waxaliseba TviTmarTvis sistemis funqcionirebis<br />

mniSvnelovani elementia. zogi moswavlis<br />

<strong>da</strong>interesebisaTvis sakmarisi aRmoCndeba Tavad<br />

is faqtori, rom TviTon akontrolebs <strong>da</strong> afasebs<br />

sakuTar qcevas. Tumca umravles SemTxvevaSi<br />

saWiro xdeba <strong>da</strong>matebiTi ganmamtkiceblebi,anu<br />

reagirebis formebi, romlebic xels uwyoben sasurveli<br />

qcevis gantkicebas. amgvari ganmamtkiceblebis<br />

SerCeva moswavlis ganviTarebis<br />

safexuris <strong>da</strong> interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT xdeba.<br />

TviTmarTvis unaris Camoyalibebis etapebis<br />

mixedviT ganmamtkiceblebi ase ganlagdeba:<br />

ix. I -<br />

gv. 77<br />

83

---

sawyis etapze - konkretuli ganmamtkiceblebi, magaliTad,<br />

rveulSi Casakravi lamazi suraTebi (stikeri), specialuri baraTebi,<br />

romlebic jildos misaRebad un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>agrovon;<br />

meore etapze – saxaliso aqtivoba, magaliTad TamaSi, kompiuterze<br />

muSaoba, jgufebs Soris Sejibreba; privilegia,<br />

magaliTad, jgufis lideroba, mwkrivis TavSi dgoma, maswavleblis<br />

<strong>da</strong>xmareba rveulebis akrebaSi an rame sxva saqmianobaSi;<br />

<strong>mes</strong>ame etapze – socialuri waxaliseba, magaliTad,namuSevris<br />

gamofena an miRwevebis warmoCena TanaklaselTa winaSe <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />

meoTxe etapze – mniSvnelovani ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebis miRebis<br />

ufleba, magaliTad, moswavle wyvets, ra aqtivobebSi surs<br />

monawileobis miReba, ra <strong>garemo</strong>Si imecadinos, rodis aris <strong>da</strong>srulebuli<br />

misi samuSao, ra produqti warmoadginos Sromis<br />

Sedegad <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />

TviTmarTvis unaris ganviTarebis bolo etapze imdenad<br />

Zlieria moswavlis Sinagani motivacia, rom waxalisebis saWiroeba<br />

faqtobrivad ar arsebobs (Tumca zogjer mainc SeiZleba<br />

<strong>da</strong>matebiTi stimulis saxiT misi gamoyeneba). am safexurze myofi<br />

moswavlisTvis Tavad faqti, rom mas SeuZlia, akontrolos<br />

sakuTari qceva <strong>da</strong> miiRos <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebi, sakmarisi<br />

stimulia.<br />

xSir SemTxvevaSi ganmamtkiceblebis SerCeva moswavlis asakobriv<br />

maxasiaTeblebzea <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli.<br />

84

---

safexuri asakobrivi maxasiaTeblebi efeqturi ganmamtkiceblebi<br />

I-III kl.<br />

moiTxoven jildos<br />

<strong>da</strong>uyovnebliv,<br />

swori saqcielis<br />

CadenisTanave<br />

• konkretuli ganmamtkiceblebi,<br />

mag. feradi sura-<br />

Ti an stikeri;<br />

• maswavleblis Seqeba<br />

<strong>da</strong> Rimili;<br />

• privilegiebi, mag. jgufis<br />

lideroba;<br />

• ufrosebis movaleobebi,<br />

mag. <strong>da</strong>valebis rveulebis<br />

akreba, yvavilebis morwyva.<br />

IV-VI kl.<br />

izrdeba unari imisa,<br />

rom <strong>da</strong>elodon<br />

jildos, anu isini amjobineben,<br />

mogvianebiT<br />

miiRon didi jildo,<br />

vidre mcire, magram<br />

<strong>da</strong>uyovnebliv<br />

• konkretuli ganmamtkiceblebi<br />

gamoiyeneba iSviaTad,<br />

mxolod mravalferovnebisTvis;<br />

• <strong>da</strong>debiTi Sefaseba, mag.<br />

specialuri baraTebi, romlebsac<br />

moswavle garkveuli periodis<br />

manZilze agrovebs, raTa<br />

rame ufro didi jildo moipovos;<br />

moswavles mieniWeba<br />

specialuri yovelkvireuli<br />

`sertifikati~ (mniSvnelovania,<br />

rom wlis ganmavlobaSi yvela<br />

moswavlem SeZlos amgvari sertifikatis<br />

miReba rame qcevisTvis);<br />

• Tavisufali dro, mag.<br />

xatvis, TamaSis, kompiuterze<br />

muSaobisTvis. sasurvelia,<br />

agreTve, <strong>da</strong>v<strong>ge</strong>gmoT xanmokle<br />

eqskursia (mag. parkSi an muzeumSi).<br />

85

---

safexuri asakobrivi maxasiaTeblebi efeqturi ganmamtkiceblebi<br />

VII-IX<br />

kl.<br />

T a n a t o l e b T a n<br />

urTierTobis mzardi<br />

survili<br />

• Tavisufali dro<br />

klaselebTan urTierTobisTvis,<br />

magaliTad, <strong>da</strong>valebis<br />

droulad <strong>da</strong>mTavrebis SemTxvevaSi;<br />

• individualuri saubari<br />

moswavlesTan;<br />

• maswavleblis <strong>da</strong>debiTi<br />

Sefaseba konkretuli qmedebisaTvis,<br />

umjobesia pirad<br />

saubarSi.<br />

X-XII<br />

kl.<br />

saboloo miznisTvis<br />

survilebis <strong>da</strong>mor-<br />

Cilebis unari; swrafva<br />

pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobisa <strong>da</strong><br />

aRiarebisken.<br />

• xSirad mivandoT ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis<br />

miReba moswavleebs.<br />

TviTmarTvis unaris<br />

Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiT CamoyaliebebasTan<br />

erTad maT SeiZleba<br />

Tavad ga<strong>da</strong>wyviton,masalaze<br />

ra TanmimdevrobiT <strong>da</strong> ra<br />

formiT imuSaveben;<br />

• xeli SevuwyoT maTi<br />

miRwevebis popularizacias<br />

CvenTvis xelmisawvdomi<br />

saSulebebiT<br />

86

---

asakvirvelia, TviTmarTvis unari avtomaturad rodi<br />

viTardeba asakis matebasTan erTad. arc Tu ise iSviaTi<br />

SemTxvevaa, roca <strong>da</strong>mamTavrebel klasebSic ki moswavleebs jer<br />

kidev ar aqvT srulad Camoyalibebuli TviTmarTvis unari.<br />

amgvar SemTxvevebSi maswavlebeli Tavad gansazRvravs, ra saxis<br />

ganmamtkiceblebia saWiro am konkretul SemTxvevaSi.<br />

qcevis TviTmarTvis unarze muSaobisas, maswavlebeli cdilobs,<br />

Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan ufro maRali donis ganmamtkiceblebi SesTavazos<br />

moswavles. amasTan, es ga<strong>da</strong>svla Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiTi un<strong>da</strong> iyos.<br />

ukve nacnob ganmamtkiceblebTan erTad, moswavles vTavazobT<br />

ufro maRali donisas <strong>da</strong> droTa ganmavlobaSi vcdilobT, Zveli<br />

mTlianad axali tipis ganmamtkiceblebiT CavanacvloT.<br />

rac mTavaria, ganmamtkicebeli marTlac sasurveli <strong>da</strong> Rirebuli<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos moswavlisTvis. amitom igi erToblivi SeTanxmebiT<br />

un<strong>da</strong> SeirCes. Tumca zogjer maswavlebeli, romelic kargad<br />

icnobs moswavlis xasiaTs <strong>da</strong> miswrafebebs, ufro zustad poulobs<br />

waxalisebis efeqtian formas, vidre Tavad bavSvi.<br />

arsebobs imis saSualebac, rom moswavleebs SevTavazoT<br />

arCevani ganmamtkiceblebs Soris. amisTvis maswavleblebi<br />

iyeneben specialur baraTebs, an ferad Cxirebs, romlebsac moswavle<br />

iRebs samizne qcevis sworad ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

garkveuli raodenobis baraTebis Nan Cxirebis <strong>da</strong>grovebis Semdeg<br />

moswavles SeuZlia, airCios ra jildoc surs. male Tavad<br />

baraTebic waxalisebis formad iqceva, radgan isini ganmamtkiceblebTan<br />

asocirdeba.<br />

IV. TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis sistemis gamoyeneba<br />

roca samizne qceva, misi aRricxvis <strong>da</strong> waxalisebis formebi<br />

gansazRvrulia, maswavlebeli un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>exmaros moswavles<br />

am sistemis kargad gaazrebaSi <strong>da</strong> aswavlos misi praqtikulad<br />

gamoyeneba. es moiTxovs pirad Sexvedrebs <strong>da</strong> detalebis <strong>da</strong>zustebas.<br />

amas mosdevs mcire eqsperimentebi, roca moswavle<br />

ukve cdilobs sistemis <strong>da</strong>nergvas <strong>da</strong> gakveTilze akvirdeba <strong>da</strong><br />

aRricxavs samizne qcevas. am etapze maswavleblis movaleobaa,<br />

akontrolos moswavlis <strong>da</strong>kvirvebis sizuste. TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis<br />

unaris Camoyalibebis TvalsazrisiT, mniSvneloba aqvs mxolod<br />

imas, Tu ramdenad zustad aRricxavs moswavle Tavis qcevas.<br />

magaliTad, wamaxalisebel qulas miiRebs moswavle, romelic<br />

gveubneba, rom 20 wuTiani <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli samuSaos dros mxolod<br />

3 wuTi <strong>da</strong>uTmo <strong>da</strong>valebas, Tu es emTxveva Cvens Sefasebas.<br />

87

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samagierod, qulas ver miiRebs moswavle, romelmac 15 wuTi imuSava,<br />

magram Tavis angariSSi met dros aCvenebs.<br />

xSirad ramdenime dRe mainc sWirdeba imas, rom moswavlem<br />

saTanado sizustiT SeZlos Tavisi qcevis aRricxva. am dReebis<br />

manZilze maswavlebelma sistematurad un<strong>da</strong> Sea<strong>da</strong>ros Tavisi<br />

<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi moswavlis mier mowodebul informaciasTan.<br />

Semdeg etapebze maswavleblis sistematuri kontroli<br />

saWiro aRar aris, magram moswavlisTvis moulodneli perioduli<br />

Semowmeba mainc sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa. Tu <strong>da</strong>mTxveva moswavlisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> maswavleblis monacemebs Soris 80%-ze <strong>da</strong>balia, saWiroa, kvlav<br />

SevaxsenoT mas TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis proceduris detalebi <strong>da</strong><br />

Cvenc ufro xSirad SevamowmoT. gamokvlevebi aCvenebs,rom aseTi<br />

tyuilis SemTxvevebi TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis dros sakmaod iSviaTia<br />

<strong>da</strong> moswavleebs, romlebmac kargad ician sistemis gamoyeneba, umravles<br />

SemTxvevaSi zusti monacemebi miaqvT maswavlebelTan.<br />

88<br />

V. TviTganmtkiceba<br />

TviTmarTvis strategiebis gamoyenebis Sedegad moswavlis<br />

qceva Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan uaxlovdeba <strong>da</strong>saxul mizans. roca naTeli xdeba,<br />

rom sistema moqmedebs, sasurvelia, Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan SevamciroT ganmamtkiceblebis<br />

gamoyeneba <strong>da</strong> avamaRloT stan<strong>da</strong>rti. Tu, magali-<br />

Tad, Tavi<strong>da</strong>n moswavle jildovdebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>valebaze koncentraciis<br />

yoveli 5 wuTisaTvis, bolos misi mizania, mTeli gakveTilis<br />

manZilze sakuTari qcevis kontroli. es cvlileba Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiTi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos, radgan ganmamtkiceblebis swrafad gaqrobam<br />

SeiZleba Zveli qcevis aRd<strong>ge</strong>na gamoiwvios.<br />

maswavleblis saboloo mizania, moswavles realistur<br />

TviTSefasebasTan erTad Camouyalibdes TviTganmtkicebis<br />

unari. moswavles SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>vexmaroT misTvis yvelaze sasurveli<br />

ganmamtkiceblis povnaSi,romliTac SeuZlia sakuTari Tavi<br />

<strong>da</strong>ajildoos miznis miRwevisTvis. erTisTvis es SeiZleba iyos<br />

Tavisufali dro <strong>da</strong> mecadineobisgan <strong>da</strong>sveneba, meoresTvis rame<br />

saqmianoba (mag. fexburTis TamaSi), <strong>mes</strong>a<strong>mes</strong>Tvis ki miznis miRwevisgan<br />

miRebuli kmayofilebis grZnoba aRmoCndeba sakmarisi.<br />

TviTganmtkiceba aranakleb efeqturia, vidre maswavleblis mier<br />

gamoyenebuli ganmtkicebis nebismieri xerxi.<br />

<strong>da</strong>skvnis saxiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom TviTmarTvis unaris<br />

Camoyalibeba rTuli <strong>da</strong> etapobrivi procesia. igi did dros<br />

<strong>da</strong> Zalisxmevas moiTxovs rogorc maswavleblis, ise moswavlis

---

mxri<strong>da</strong>n, magram u<strong>da</strong>voa, rom am gziT SeiZleba moswavlis qcevaSi<br />

grZelvadiani cvlilebebis miRweva, romlebic <strong>da</strong>debiT gavlenas<br />

axdens moswavlis TviTSefasebasa <strong>da</strong> akademiur warmatebaze.<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, ipovoT pasuxi am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

mocemul yvela SekiTxvaze. <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gaeciT<br />

pasuxebi.<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• qcevis TviTmarTva aris moswavlis unari, Seafasos<br />

sakuTari qceva, gansazRvros mizani qcevis Secvlis Tu SenarCunebis<br />

TvalsazrisiT, <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmos <strong>da</strong> ganaxorcielos am<br />

miznis misaRwevad saWiro RonisZiebebi;<br />

• TviTmarTvis unaris CamoyalibebisTvis maswavlebeli<br />

un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>exmaros moswavles samizne qcevis gansazRvrasa <strong>da</strong><br />

TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis meTodis SemuSavebaSi;<br />

• TviTmarTvis mniSvnelovani komponentia ganmtkiceba,<br />

xolo ganmtkicebis formebis SerCeva <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia moswavlis<br />

asakobriv maxasiaTeblebsa <strong>da</strong> misi ganviTarebis<br />

safexurze;<br />

• TviTmarTvis unaris Camoyalibebis procesSi maswavlebelma<br />

<strong>da</strong>xmareba un<strong>da</strong> gauwios moswavles TviT<strong>da</strong>kvirvebis<br />

sistemis sworad gamoyenebaSi <strong>da</strong> realur TviTSefasebaSi.<br />

89

---

konfliqtebis mogvareba<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ras niSnavs konfliqti <strong>da</strong> ra iwvevs konfliqtur situaciebs;<br />

ra pirobebi un<strong>da</strong> Seqmnas maswavlebelma klasSi moswavleTa<br />

agresiis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asacileblad;<br />

ra un<strong>da</strong> gaakeTos maswavlebelma konfliqturi situaciis<br />

ganmuxtvisaTvis;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> moamzadoT moswavleebi, rom maT <strong>da</strong>moukideblad<br />

SeZlon konfliqtebis mogvareba.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. ra formiT un<strong>da</strong> Caerios maswavlebeli konfliqtur situaciaSi<br />

2. Tu maswavlebelma moaxerxa situaciis ganmuxtva <strong>da</strong> moswavleebi<br />

<strong>da</strong>ubrundnen samuSaos, SeiZleba Tu ara konfliqti<br />

amowurulad CaiTvalos<br />

90

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situacia 1.<br />

xelovnebis gakveTilze qeTis SemTxveviT <strong>da</strong>eRvara saRebavi<br />

<strong>da</strong> gaafuWa TaTas TiTqmis <strong>da</strong>mTavrebuli naxati. TaTam CaTvala,<br />

rom qeTim es Segnebulad gaakeTa <strong>da</strong> maT Soris xmamaRali Selaparakeba<br />

<strong>da</strong>iwyo. Semdeg konfliqtma kidev ufro seriozuli<br />

saxe miiRo.<br />

maswavlebelma sca<strong>da</strong>, situacia ganemuxta. man TaTa koridor-<br />

Si gaiyvana <strong>da</strong> yuradRebiT usmina mis saubars, sanam gogona<br />

bolomde ar <strong>da</strong>icala agresiisgan. maswavleblis komentarebi<br />

Semoifarglebo<strong>da</strong> mxolod TanagrZnobis gamoxatviT: `aa, gasa<strong>ge</strong>bia~,<br />

`marTla~, `es marTlac cu<strong>da</strong>d mosvlia~ <strong>da</strong> a.S. maswavlebelma<br />

logikurad ga<strong>da</strong>itana saubari gogonas interesze xatvis<br />

mimarT, saubari gauba gamofenebze <strong>da</strong> amiT mTlianad Caacxro<br />

misi agresia.<br />

91

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******<br />

konfliqti Cndeba maSin, roca ori an meti pirovnebis,<br />

jgufis Tu garkveuli mxareebis miznebi, Rirebulebebi <strong>da</strong> qmedebebi<br />

erTmaneTs ver eTavsebian. Kkonfliqts iwvevs azrTa sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvaobac<br />

rame sakiTxis irgvliv. u<strong>da</strong>voa, rom klasSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

gansxvavebuli interesebis, miznebisa <strong>da</strong> xasiaTis mqone bavSvebi<br />

arian Sekrebilni, xSirad iqmneba safuZveli konfliqtis warmo-<br />

SobisTvis. Tavad konfliqtis arseboba bunebrivi, yoveldRiuri<br />

movlenaa <strong>da</strong> misi mogvarebis saukeTeso gza konstruqciuli<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetaa (igulisxmeba konfliqtebis mogvareba molaparakebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>pirispirebuli mxareebisgan garkveul kompromisebze<br />

wasvlis gziT). konfliqtis konstruqciuli ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetis dros:<br />

• viTardeba rTuli saazrovno unar-Cvevebi, rogoricaa<br />

kritikuli azrovneba, problemis SemoqmedebiTi ga<strong>da</strong>Wris<br />

unari <strong>da</strong> a.S;<br />

• viTardeba ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebis <strong>da</strong>moukideblad miRebis<br />

unari;<br />

• yalibdeba moulodneli <strong>garemo</strong>ebebisTvis Tavis<br />

garTmevis <strong>da</strong> stresis <strong>da</strong>Zlevis unari, rac moswavlis<br />

maRali socialuri <strong>da</strong> fsiqologiuri ganviTarebis maCvenebelia;<br />

• urTierTobebi klasSi (moswavleebsa <strong>da</strong> maswavlebels,<br />

an Tavad moswavleebs Soris) ufro maRal safexurze<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>dis, klasSi izrdeba erTsulovneba, erTmaneTis ndoba<br />

<strong>da</strong> pativiscema.<br />

konfliqtis arseboba problemad iqceva mxolod maSin,<br />

roca ver vaxerxebT situaciis gakontrolebas, roca konfliqtis<br />

Sedegad erT-erTi mxare mainc zaraldeba. Tu moswavlem<br />

ar icis konfliqtis mogvarebis gzebi, mosalodnelia, rom<br />

man agresias <strong>da</strong> Zaladobas mimarTos. bevri axalgazrdisTvis<br />

agresia (sityvieri Tu fizikuri) problemebis mogvarebis erTaderTi<br />

gzaa. Uumetes SemTxvevaSi, maT Zalis gamoyeneba ki ar siamovnebT,<br />

rogorc es SeiZleba erTi SexedviT mogveCvenos, aramed<br />

problemis mogvarebis sxva gzas ver xe<strong>da</strong>ven. amas SeiZleba ramdenime<br />

mizezi hqondes:<br />

92

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1. zogjer moswavleebi fiqroben, rom miznebis misaRwevad<br />

Zalis gamoyeneba misaRebi xerxia; amis gareSe Tanatolebma<br />

isini SeiZleba sustad CaTvalon <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Cagron;<br />

2. moswavleebs ara aqvT socialuri unar-Cvevebi, anu<br />

komunikaciis, ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebisa Tu TviTmarTvis<br />

unar-Cvevebi <strong>da</strong> amitom ver axerxeben, aagon <strong>da</strong> SeinarCunon<br />

pozitiuri urTierTobebi sxva a<strong>da</strong>mianebTan. maT ar ician,<br />

rogor <strong>da</strong>umegobrdnen Tanatols, ra misaRebi formiT miipyron<br />

maswavleblis an sxva ufrosis yuradReba <strong>da</strong> rogor<br />

gamoxaton TavianTi emocia, mag. sibraze.<br />

skolaSi agresiam sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva forma SeiZleba miiRos. igi Sei-<br />

Zleba gamoixatos perioduli kinklaobiT, an romelime moswavlis<br />

gamudmebuli sityvieri Tu fizikuri SeviwroebiT <strong>da</strong> devniT<br />

(mag. fulis an sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva nivTis warTmeva, Seuracxmyofeli metsaxelis<br />

Serqmeva <strong>da</strong> sxv.). amgvari devnis msxverpli, Cveulebriv,<br />

xdeba moswavle, romelic, sxva moswavleebTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT, susti<br />

an morcxvia, a<strong>da</strong>mianebTan urTierTobis unar-Cvevebi naklebad<br />

aqvs ganviTarebuli <strong>da</strong> amitom megobrebic naklebi hyavs, an rame,<br />

magaliTad,religiuri an socialuri (mag. Raribuli Cacmuloba)<br />

niSniT gansxvavdeba umravlesobisgan. statistika gvaCvenebs,<br />

rom skolis moswavleebis umravlesobas sakuTar Tavze<br />

gamoucdia TanatolTa agresiis rame gamovlineba. gavrcelebuli<br />

azri imis Sesaxeb, rom agresori, umravles SemTxvevaSi,<br />

biWia, ar Seesabameba simarTles. biWebi ufro xSirad mimarTaven<br />

fizikur agresias, xolo gogonebi, Zalis nacvlad, sityvebs iyeneben.<br />

maT SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>scinon Tanatols, gaavrcelon masze Wori,<br />

JestebiTa <strong>da</strong> mimikiT gamoxaton mis mimarT zizRi. agresiis es<br />

formebi msxverplisaTvis aranakleb mtkivneulia, vidre fizikuri<br />

Seuracxyofa.<br />

roca agresia didi xnis manZilze vlindeba, igi seriozul<br />

kvals tovebs orive mxaris fsiqikaze. msxverpls SeiZleba<br />

Camouyalibdes arasrulfasovnebis kompleqsi, <strong>da</strong>kargos saku-<br />

Tari Tavis rwmena, mRelvarebisa <strong>da</strong> SiSis gamo gauaresdes misi<br />

akademiuri maCveneblebi. meore mxriv, agresors uyalibdeba antisazogadoebrivi<br />

midrekilebebi, rac, xSir SemTxvevaSi, kriminalur<br />

samyarosTan urTierTobiT sruldeba.<br />

amdenad, moswavleebi un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>varwmunoT, rom agresia ar aris<br />

efeqturi gza konfliqtebis mogvarebisTvis. am mimarTulebiT<br />

muSaoba klasTan Sexvedris pirveli dRi<strong>da</strong>nve un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>viwyoT.<br />

upirveles yovlisa,uaRresad mniSvnelovania klasSi TanamSromlobis,<br />

urTierTpativiscemis atmosferos Seqmna. skolaSi mos-<br />

93

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wavleebs Soris xangrZlivi,xSirad mravalwliani urTierTobebi<br />

yalibdeba <strong>da</strong> konfliqtis SemTxvevaSi orive mxare un<strong>da</strong> grZnobdes,<br />

rom droebiTi uTanxmoeba gacilebiT naklebmniSvnelovania,<br />

vidre maTi urTierTobis SenarCuneba. am ukanasknelis miRweva<br />

ki SesaZlebelia, Tu moswavleebs saerTo interesebi aqvT, Tu<br />

TiToeulis warmateba <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia yvela <strong>da</strong>narCenis keTildReobasa<br />

<strong>da</strong> Tanadgomaze. am miznis misaRwevad:<br />

94<br />

• moswavleebi kargad un<strong>da</strong> icnobdnen maswavlebelsac<br />

<strong>da</strong> erTmaneTsac. amisTvis wlis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSive <strong>da</strong>v<strong>ge</strong>gmoT<br />

aqtivobebi an proeqtebi, romelTa mizanic erTmaneTis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />

kuTxiT gacnobaa. magaliTad, vTxovoT moswavleebs,<br />

moitanon 4-5 nivTi, romelic yvelaze ukeT mogviTxrobs maT<br />

Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong> gaacnon es nivTebi Tanaklaselebs; movawyoT gunduri<br />

Sejibreba, gavakeToT kedlis gazeTi, <strong>da</strong>vdgaT warmod<strong>ge</strong>na,<br />

an ganvaxorcieloT nebismieri proeqti, rac moswavleebis<br />

erTobliv muSaobas moiTxovs;<br />

• swavlebis procesSi rac SeiZleba xSirad gamoviyenoT<br />

TanamSromlobiTi meTodi, sa<strong>da</strong>c moswavleebi erToblivad<br />

asruleben <strong>da</strong>valebas, xsnian amocanas <strong>da</strong> a.S. es xels uwyobs<br />

moswavleTa Soris aqtiur urTierTobas <strong>da</strong> aswavlis<br />

maT pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis gaziarebas. TanamSromlobiTi meTodi<br />

aviTarebs moswavleebSi socialur unar-Cvevebs <strong>da</strong> amgvarad<br />

amzadebs maT konfliqturi situaciebis konstruqciuli<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>WrisaTvis. moswavleebi swavloben TavianTi azris Riad<br />

<strong>da</strong> logikurad Camoyalibebas, sxvisi mosazrebis mosmenas,<br />

kompromisis Ziebas, TanatolisTvis <strong>da</strong>xmarebis aRmoCenas,<br />

erTmaneTis Seqebas, sayveduris misaRebi formiT gamoxatvas<br />

<strong>da</strong> a.S. maswavlebeli Tavad un<strong>da</strong> iZleodes pirovnebis pativiscemis<br />

<strong>da</strong> Tavaziani <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebis magaliTs. pativi<br />

vceT maT <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vafasoT moswavleTa individualuri Taviseburebebi,<br />

maTi asakobrivi, inteleqtualuri, erovnuli Tu<br />

rasobrivi maxasiaTeblebi <strong>da</strong> igive moviTxovoT moswavleebisganac.<br />

magaliTad, Tu Cven ironiulad mivmarTavT moswavles<br />

mc<strong>da</strong>ri pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, mosalodnelia, moswavleebmac<br />

CaTvalon, rom erTmaneTis <strong>da</strong>cinva misaRebia. maT un<strong>da</strong><br />

esmodeT, rom erTmaneTis Seuracxyofa, agresiis gamovlineba<br />

<strong>da</strong>uSvebelia <strong>da</strong> amgvari qcevis yvela mcdelobas <strong>da</strong>uyovnebeli<br />

reaqcia mohyveba.<br />

amgvar <strong>garemo</strong>Si izrdeba moswavlis TviTSefaseba, saku-<br />

Tari Tavisadmi rwmena, yalibdeba masSi eTikuri Rirebulebebi,

---

ogoricaa patiosneba, samarTlianoba, tolerantoba, sakuTari<br />

Tavisa <strong>da</strong> sxvebis pativiscema. amitomac naklebmosalodnelia<br />

agresiuli reagireba sxvaTa qcevasa <strong>da</strong> konfliqtur situaciaze.<br />

amasTan, igi fsiqologiurad ukeTaa momzadebuli konfliqtis<br />

mogvarebaSi pozitiuri rolis SesrulebisTvis.<br />

miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad maswavleblis mcdelobisa, agresiis gamovlinebis<br />

SemTxvevebi mainc iqneba. situacia, roca ori moswavle erTmaneTs<br />

uyviris <strong>da</strong> xelis <strong>da</strong>sartymela<strong>da</strong>c miiwevs, arc Tu ise<br />

uCveuloa skolebSi. rogor un<strong>da</strong> moiqces am dros maswavlebeli<br />

1. Sori<strong>da</strong>nve SevafasoT situacia. ganvsazRvroT, vin<br />

monawileobs konfliqtSi <strong>da</strong> ra viciT Cven maT Sesaxeb;<br />

rogor aRiqvamen isini Cvens gamoCenas. am Sefasebis Sedegad,<br />

konfliqtis seriozulobi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, SeiZleba movuxmoT<br />

<strong>da</strong>mxmares, sxva maswavlebels an direqtors (mag. zemoTaRweril<br />

situaciaSi maswavlebelma SeniSna, rom TaTa<br />

gacilebiT ufro agresiulad iqceo<strong>da</strong>, vidre qeTi <strong>da</strong> CaTvala<br />

umjobesi iqnebo<strong>da</strong>, TaTas gasaubrebo<strong>da</strong>. man isic gaiazra,rom<br />

am SemTxvevaSi misi avtoriteti sakmarisi iqnebo<strong>da</strong><br />

konfliqtis gansamuxtad);<br />

2. gvaxsovdes, rom Cveni mizania, ganvmuxtoT situacia<br />

ise, rom aravin <strong>da</strong>ziandes <strong>da</strong> arc erTi monawilis Tavmoyvareoba<br />

ar Seilaxos;<br />

3. SevecadoT, Tavi<strong>da</strong>n moviSoroT gareSe pirebi,<br />

mayureblebi <strong>da</strong> situacias gavaridoT erT-erTi moCxubari.<br />

Tu es ar xerxdeba, un<strong>da</strong> SevecadoT, rame saSualebiT (mag.<br />

xmis aweviT) Cvenze gadmovitanoT moswavleebis yuradReba<br />

(Cvens situaciaSi maswavlebelma saWirod CaTvala TaTas<br />

gayvana klasi<strong>da</strong>n. amiT man SeZlo klasSi simSvidis aRd<strong>ge</strong>na);<br />

4. SevecadoT, Tavs movaxvioT rame SezRudva <strong>da</strong> Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiT<br />

gavamkacroT moTxovna. magaliTad, jer moviTxovoT:<br />

`rac gin<strong>da</strong>T, is TqviT, magram xmas <strong>da</strong>uwieT”. roca am<br />

brZanebas <strong>da</strong>emorCilebian, <strong>da</strong>vamatoT Semdegi moTxovna `uxeSi<br />

sityvebis gamoyeneba SewyviteT” <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />

5. <strong>da</strong>varwmunoT,rom am sakiTxis mogvareba mSvidobiani<br />

saubriT ajobebs. SeiZleba vuTxraT, rom Cxubis gagrZelebas<br />

yovelTvis moaxerxeben <strong>da</strong> maswavlebeli amas xels ver<br />

SeuSlis, magram jer SeiZleba sxva xerxi vcadoT;<br />

6. <strong>da</strong>vexmaroT moswavleebs TavianTi emociebis mo-<br />

TokvaSi. amisTvis xSirad sakmarisia, rom maT yuradRebiT<br />

95

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<strong>da</strong> TanagrZnobiT movusminoT. mosmenisas<br />

a) saxiT, JestebiT SevecadoT, gamovxatoT, rom yuradReba<br />

mTlianad maTken gvaqvs mipyrobili;<br />

b) kiTxvebiT vTxovoT bundovani, gau<strong>ge</strong>bari epizodebis<br />

ganmarteba;<br />

g) vagrZnobinoT, rom gvesmis maTi problemis <strong>da</strong> satkivaris<br />

seriozuloba;<br />

d) <strong>da</strong>vacadoT, mTlianad amowuron TavianTi saTqmeli,<br />

gamoxaton yvela emocia;<br />

e) gavimeoroT, SevajamoT maTi naTqvami <strong>da</strong> SevamowmoT,<br />

rom mniSvnelovani araferi gvrCeba.<br />

7. <strong>da</strong>vexmaroT moswavles gamosavalis povnaSi. SevTavazoT<br />

mas konfliqtis mogvarebis SesaZlo variantebi,<br />

an, ubralod, mivceT saSualeba, Rirseulad, Tavmoyvareobis<br />

Seulaxavad gamovides Seqmnili mdgomareobi<strong>da</strong>n. magaliTad,<br />

SevTavazoT mas sxvagan, ufro wynar adgilas Sexvedra <strong>da</strong><br />

saubari. sasurvelia, am dros movaxerxoT moswavlis yuradRebis<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>tana rame <strong>da</strong>debiT emociasa <strong>da</strong> qmedebaze (mocemul<br />

situaciaSi maswavlebelma TaTas yuradReba xatvaze<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>itana).<br />

agresiis faqtis aRkveTa mxolod pirveli nabijia konfliqturi<br />

situaciis mogvarebisken. Cven mier aRweril SemTxveva-<br />

Sic, Tumca maswavlebelma warmatebiT <strong>da</strong>awynara moswavleebi <strong>da</strong><br />

Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aicila konfliqtis garTuleba, problema SeiZleba arc<br />

ki iyos sabolood mogvarebuli. savsebiT SesaZlebelia, TaTasa<br />

<strong>da</strong> qeTis Soris metoqeobas xangrZlivi istoria <strong>da</strong> sakmaod<br />

Rrma fesvebi hqondes. maswavlebels xSirad seriozuli rolis<br />

Sesruleba uxdeba moswavleTa konfliqtis <strong>da</strong>regulirebaSi. am<br />

dros man sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva midgoma SeiZleba gamoiyenos:<br />

96<br />

I. direqtiuli midgomis SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli<br />

Tavad iZleva miTiTebebs, Tu ra un<strong>da</strong> gaakeTon moswavleebma.<br />

igi ar eTaTbireba konfliqtSi monawile mxareebs, aramed<br />

Tavad iRebs erTpirovnul ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebas. rasakvirvelia,<br />

es ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetileba samarTliani <strong>da</strong> obieqturi un<strong>da</strong> iyos,<br />

magram man SeiZleba erT-erT mxares mainc <strong>da</strong>utovos ukmayofilebis<br />

grZnoba <strong>da</strong> am SemTxvevaSi konfliqti sabolood<br />

mogvarebulad ver CaiTvleba. Aamdenad, direqtiuli<br />

stilis gamoyeneba misaRebia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, roca<br />

konfliqturi situacia kontroli<strong>da</strong>n gamodis <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>uyovnebel<br />

Carevas moiTxovs, raTa moswavleTa usafrTxoeba eWvqveS<br />

ar <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>s. am stils mivmarTavT maSinac, roca konfliqti

---

imdenad umniSvneloa, rom masze didi drois <strong>da</strong> energiis<br />

<strong>da</strong>xarjva araa gamarTlebuli;<br />

II. maswavlebeli-arbitri yuradRebiT ismens orive mxaris<br />

mosazrebebs <strong>da</strong> problemis arsSi Cawvdomis Semdeg eubneba<br />

maT, ra un<strong>da</strong> gakeTdes. es sakmaod efeqturi midgomaa,<br />

radgan konfliqtSi monawile mxareebs TavianTi poziciebis<br />

gamoxatvis saSualeba eZlevaT <strong>da</strong> Tanac Sedegi sakmaod<br />

mokle droSi miiRweva. am stilis nakli isaa, rom moswavleebi<br />

Tavad ver iReben iniciativas problemis mogvarebis<br />

procesSi <strong>da</strong> konfliqtis siRrmiseuli mizezebic SeiZleba<br />

auxsneli <strong>da</strong>rCes;<br />

III. maswavlebeli-mosamarTle monawileobs iseTi konfliqtebis<br />

mogvarebaSi, roca erTma mxarem meores aSkara<br />

ziani miayena <strong>da</strong> saWiro xdeba samarTlianobis aRd<strong>ge</strong>na. am<br />

SemTxvevaSi maswavlebelma un<strong>da</strong> mousminos mxareebs <strong>da</strong><br />

ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitos, vin aris <strong>da</strong>mnaSave. bavSvebi xSirad miandoben<br />

xolme ufross samarTliani ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis gamotanas. maswavlebelsve<br />

evaleba am dros gansazRvros `sasjelis zoma~,<br />

anu ra Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi un<strong>da</strong> mohyves miuRebel qmedebas misi CamdenisaTvis.<br />

samive midgomas, zogierTi <strong>da</strong>debiTi mxaris miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, erTi<br />

saerTo nakli aqvs. verc erTi maTgani ver Seuwyobs xels moswavleTa<br />

<strong>da</strong>moukideblobis ganviTarebas, kompromisze wasvlis <strong>da</strong> erTmaneTTan<br />

SeTanxmebis miRwevis unaris Camoyalibebas. amitom, Tun<strong>da</strong>c<br />

am midgomebiT moxerxdes erTi konkretuli konfliqtis mogvareba,<br />

es ver gamoad<strong>ge</strong>ba moswavles imis modelad, Tu rogor SeiZleba<br />

moiqces momavalSi axali konfliqtebis warmoSobisas. amitomac, yvelaze<br />

mniSvnelovani, rac maswavlebels SeuZlia gaakeTos, aris is,<br />

rom moamzados moswavleebi konfliqtebis mogvarebaSi aqtiuri rolis<br />

SesrulebisTvis <strong>da</strong> miandos maT iniciativa. AamisaTvis, vaswavloT<br />

moswavleebs molaparakebis warmarTva <strong>da</strong> movamzadoT isini<br />

konfliqtSi mediatoris rolis SesrulebisTvis.<br />

molaparakebebi<br />

roca konfliqtzea saubari,SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>gvrCes STabeWdileba,rom<br />

erTi mxare mo<strong>ge</strong>buli un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>rCes <strong>da</strong> meore wa<strong>ge</strong>buli. konfliqtis<br />

mogvarebis konstruqciuli gzis Zieba ki gulisxmobs iseTi<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis povnas, romlis Sedega<strong>da</strong>c orive mxare mo<strong>ge</strong>buli<br />

<strong>da</strong>rCeba. am SemTxvevaSi Cveni mizani <strong>da</strong>mnaSavis povna <strong>da</strong> sakuTari simarTlis<br />

<strong>da</strong>mtkiceba ki ara,aramed problemis ufro Rrmad gaazreba<br />

97

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<strong>da</strong> orive mo<strong>da</strong>visTvis met-naklebad misaRebi gamosavalis povnaa.<br />

situacia 2.<br />

rati <strong>da</strong> giorgi Tanaklaselebi arian. isini mu<strong>da</strong>m kinklaoben<br />

<strong>da</strong> maTi Cxubi xSirad Slis <strong>saswavlo</strong> process. maswavlebelma<br />

CaTvala, rom molaparakebebis gza optimaluri saSualebaa<br />

maTi konfliqtis mosagvareblad. man <strong>da</strong>iTanxma orive moswavle<br />

am molaparakebebSi monawileobaze. maswavlebeli Seeca<strong>da</strong>, Seeqmna<br />

oficialur molaparakebebTan miaxlovebuli <strong>garemo</strong>, ramac<br />

bavSvebis interesi gaaRviva. pirvel rigSi, ratic <strong>da</strong> giorgic<br />

Seecadnen, gaerkviaT, ra xdebo<strong>da</strong> maT Soris, ra pretenziebi hqon<strong>da</strong>T<br />

erTmaneTTan. amis Semdeg maswavlebelma sTxova maT, CamoeTvalaT<br />

urTierTobis mogvarebis gzebi. orive moswavlem aRiara, rom<br />

Cxubi skolaSi ar SeiZleba <strong>da</strong> SeTanxmdnen, rom am dRi<strong>da</strong>n skolis<br />

teritoriaze mainc moeridebodnen Ria <strong>da</strong>pirispirebas, Tumca<br />

98

---

<strong>da</strong>megobrebaze orivem uari ganacxa<strong>da</strong>. amgvarad, Sedga SeTanxmeba,<br />

romelic bavSvebma xelis CamorTmeviT ganamtkices. am dRis Semdeg<br />

situacia mkveTrad gaumjobes<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> es gaumjobeseba aramarto skolaSi,<br />

aramed skolis gareT maT urTierTobazec aisaxa.<br />

rogorc am magaliTi<strong>da</strong>n Cans, konfliqtis mogvareba molaparakebebis<br />

gziT ramdenime safexurad iyofa:<br />

1. ganvsazRvroT problemis arsi<br />

swori ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miReba SeuZlebelia, Tu problema<br />

Tavi<strong>da</strong>nve sworad ar iqna gansazRvruli. orive mxares un<strong>da</strong><br />

esmodes, ra xdeba realurad, xom ar arsebobs ufro siRrmiseuli<br />

problema, romlis konkretuli gamovlinebac es konfliqti<br />

gax<strong>da</strong>. am etapze moswavleebma un<strong>da</strong> SeZlon, gulwrfelad Camoayalibon,<br />

ra surT <strong>da</strong> ras ganicdian mocemul situaciaSi. es<br />

saubari ar un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>izardos urTierTbraldebebsa <strong>da</strong> SeuracxyofaSi.<br />

amitom winaswar un<strong>da</strong> SeTanxmdnen, rom moswavleebi<br />

ar Seawyvetineben erTmaneTs <strong>da</strong> ar gamoiyeneben mimarTvis<br />

uxeS formebs. amasTan, umjobesia, maT, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, sakuTar Tavze<br />

isaubron, anu gamoxaton is, Tu Tavad ra ganicades Tanatolis<br />

qmedebis Sedegad <strong>da</strong> ratom. magaliTad, `me Tavi Zalian<br />

Suracxyofilad vigrZeni, roca Sen aseTi sityvebiT mommarTe,<br />

radgan es yvelas esmo<strong>da</strong>.~ amasTan, moswavlem SeiZleba ganmartos,<br />

Tu ra surs mas. `me min<strong>da</strong>, rom Sen cota pativiscemiT melaparako,<br />

gansakuTrebiT, roca mTeli Cveni klasi ismens~.<br />

imisaTvis, rom konfliqtis arsi orive mxarem<br />

gaiazros, aucilebelia, maT yuradRebiT mousminon<br />

erTmaneTs. mosmena ki am SemTxvevaSi moiTxovs<br />

imas,rom sakuTari emociebi droebiT gverdze<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>vdoT <strong>da</strong> mowinaaRmdegis ga<strong>ge</strong>bas SevecadoT.<br />

konfliqtis mogvarebis procesSi es albaT yvelaze<br />

rTuli etapia. moswavleebs un<strong>da</strong> SeeZloT<br />

aqtiuri mosmenis unar-Cvevebis gamoyeneba, kiTxvebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>sma Tanamosaubris poziciis, <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>sazusteblad. erT-erTi xerxi, rasac<br />

xSirad iyeneben molaparakebisas,aris is,rom vTxovoT<br />

moswavles, xelaxla Camoayalibos is, rac<br />

Tanamosaubrisgan moismina. am dros mas uxdeba<br />

Tavisi reaqciis, brazis droebiT mainc moTokva<br />

<strong>da</strong> obieqturobis SenarCuneba.<br />

ix. II -<br />

gv. 132<br />

99

---

2. ganvsazRvroT konfliqtis ga<strong>da</strong>Wris SesaZlo gzebi<br />

moswavleebi cdiloben, erTad moifiqron <strong>da</strong> furcelze<br />

Camoweron am konfliqtis mogvarebis yvela SesaZlo varianti.<br />

moswavleebs SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>vexmaroT kiTxvebiT: `ra SeiZleba<br />

SevcvaloT Cvens qcevaSi~ `ra wesi SeiZleba SemoviRoT~<br />

`kidev xom ar arsebobs rame varianti~ am etapze ar arsebobs<br />

miuRebeli SemoTavazeba. Cveni mizania, ar gamogvrCes arc erTi<br />

SesaZlo xerxi,romelmac SeiZleba konfliqtis mogvarebas Seuwyos<br />

xeli.<br />

3. SevarCioT orive mxarisTvis misaRebi varianti<br />

konfliqtis mogvarebis SesaZlo gzebis maqsimalurad sruli<br />

siis Sed<strong>ge</strong>nis Semdeg moswavleebi saTiTaod ganixilaven<br />

TiToeul variants. isini cdiloben, upasuxon kiTxvebs: rogoria<br />

TiToeuli variantis <strong>da</strong>debiTi <strong>da</strong> uaryofiTi mxareebi ra<br />

sakiTxebi rCeba mougvarebeli TiToeuli am gzis arCevisas ra<br />

moxdeba, Tu am xerxs vcdiT sabolood, mxareebi un<strong>da</strong> SeTanxmndnen<br />

CamoTvlilTa Soris yvelaze misaReb variantze. SeTanxmeba<br />

aucileblad detaluri un<strong>da</strong> iyos,zustad un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vadginoT,<br />

vin ras gaakeTebs, sad <strong>da</strong> rodis. amgvari detalebis winaswar<br />

garkvevis gareSe SeTanxmeba SeiZleba ar Sesruldes.<br />

4. SevafasoT SeTanxmebis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi<br />

konfliqtis mogvarebis SerCeuli xerxis ganxorcilebisas,<br />

aucilebelia, moswavleebs esmodeT, rom es jer kidev sacdeli<br />

variantia <strong>da</strong> am gzam SeiZleba arc gaamarTlos. amitom paralelurad<br />

un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>iwyos Sede<strong>ge</strong>bze <strong>da</strong>kvirveba <strong>da</strong> Sefaseba. moswavleebi<br />

mudmivad usvamen sakuTar Tavs SekiTxvebs: mogvar<strong>da</strong> ki<br />

problema yvela kmayofilia Sede<strong>ge</strong>biT xom ar un<strong>da</strong> SevcvaloT<br />

rame Tu mxareebi miRweul Sede<strong>ge</strong>bs ara<strong>da</strong>makmayofileblad miiCneven,<br />

saWiro xdeba cvlilebebze, an sruliad axal variantze<br />

SeTanxmeba <strong>da</strong> misi ganxorcieleba.<br />

praqtikam aCvena, rom moswavleebs Soris molaparakebis gza<br />

Zalian efeqturi SeiZleba iyos konfliqtis mogvarebisTvis. amis<br />

erTaderTi piroba aris is, rom orive mxares un<strong>da</strong> hqondes amis<br />

survili <strong>da</strong> iyos mzad konstruqciuli nabijebis ga<strong>da</strong>dgmisTvis.<br />

100

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mediacia<br />

konfliqtis mSvidobianad mogvarebis meore gavrcelebuli<br />

gzaa mediacia, anu sakiTxis ga<strong>da</strong>Wra konfliqtSi <strong>mes</strong>ame, neitraluri<br />

piris, mediatoris, monawileobiT. am SemTxvevaSic ga<strong>da</strong>mwyveti<br />

mniSvneloba eniWeba mo<strong>da</strong>ve mxareebis mzaobas diskusiisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> sakiTxis erToblivad mogvarebisTvis. mediatori SeiZleba<br />

<strong>da</strong>exmaros mxareebs, magram igi TviTon ver ga<strong>da</strong>Wris konfliqts.<br />

praqtikam aCvena, rom mediaciis procesi yvelaze Sedegiani maSinaa,<br />

roca mediatoris rols konfliqtSi monawile moswavleebis<br />

Tanaklaselebi an Tanaskolelebi asruleben. amas TanatolTa<br />

mediacia hqvia. aseve efeqturi mediatorebi SeiZleba iyvnen<br />

amave skolis maswavleblebi. amasTan, un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT,<br />

rom mediators aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> hqondes gavlili specialuri<br />

mosamzadebeli kursi, rogorc es <strong>da</strong>savleT evropis<br />

qveynebSi xdeba. amitom, Cveulebriv, mowveuli specialistebi<br />

axorcieleben skolis zogierTi moswavlisa <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis<br />

momzadebas, ris Semdegac maT eZlevaT mediatoris rolis Sesrulebis<br />

ufleba. mediaciis procesi iner<strong>ge</strong>ba ara erT romelime<br />

klasSi, aramed mTel skolaSi <strong>da</strong> es mxolod administraciisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> mSoblebis aqtiuri mxar<strong>da</strong>WeriT SeiZleba ganxorcieldes.<br />

mediaciis procesis warmatebiT ganxorcielebisTvis<br />

• mediatorad un<strong>da</strong> SeirCes moswavle, romelic avtoritetiT<br />

sar<strong>ge</strong>blobs TanatolTa Soris;<br />

• mediaciis <strong>da</strong>wyebamde un<strong>da</strong> ganisazRvros ZiriTadi<br />

wesebi, romlebic <strong>da</strong>aregulirebs mTel process, magaliTad,<br />

erTmaneTisadmi mimarTvis formebs, pirvelad romeli mxare<br />

iwyebs saubars <strong>da</strong> a.S;<br />

• mediatori Tavad ar karnaxobs ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebs<br />

konfliqtSi monawile mxareebs <strong>da</strong> ar gamoxatavs Tavis<br />

mxar<strong>da</strong>Weras romelime maTganis mimarT. igi rCeba absoluturad<br />

neitraluri <strong>da</strong> miukerZoebeli;<br />

• mediators aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> hqondes aqtiuri mosmenisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> Ria kiTxvebis <strong>da</strong>smis unar-Cvevebi. misma SekiTxvebma<br />

stimuli un<strong>da</strong> misces konfliqtSi monawile moswavleebs,<br />

Riad gamoxaton TavianTi grZnobebi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba<br />

(`ras gulisxmobdi, roca Tqvi, rom...~) <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>dgan nabijebi<br />

erToblivi ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis misaRebad (`ra un<strong>da</strong> moxdes,<br />

rom yvelaferi gamoswordes~);<br />

• Sexvedris adgili, dro <strong>da</strong> xangZlivoba sakmaod<br />

mniSvnelovania. process un<strong>da</strong> mieces oficialuri mola-<br />

101

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parakebebis forma <strong>da</strong> yvelaferi, rac am dros xdeba, un<strong>da</strong><br />

iyos konfidencialuri;<br />

• mediaciis procesi sruldeba garkveuli<br />

xelSekrulebiT, romelSic Tanabra<strong>da</strong>a asaxuli orive<br />

mxaris pozicia <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>konkretebulia, rogor un<strong>da</strong> mogvardes<br />

msgavsi konfliqturi situaciebi momavalSi.<br />

moswavleTa Soris molaparakebebi <strong>da</strong> mediacia gacilebiT<br />

met dros <strong>da</strong> Zalisxmevas moiTxovs, vidre konfliqtis mogvarebis<br />

sxva gzebi, magram Sede<strong>ge</strong>bic gacilebiT ufro Sorsmimavalia.<br />

mcirdeba agresiisa <strong>da</strong> Zaladobis done skolaSi, izrdeba<br />

moswavlis TviTSefaseba, misi pativiscema sakuTari Tavisa <strong>da</strong><br />

sxvebis mimarT, rac, saboloo jamSi, aramxolod aumjobesebs<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>s, aramed amzadebs moswavles warmatebuli<br />

urTierTobebisaTvis mTeli cxovrebis manZilze.<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• konfliqti miznebis, Rirebulebebis, qmedebebis<br />

SeuTavseblobiTaa gamowveuli <strong>da</strong> igi bunebrivi movlenaa<br />

skolaSi;<br />

• konfliqtis mogvarebisTvis moswavlem SeiZleba mimarTos<br />

agresias <strong>da</strong> Zaladobas, roca igi amis magaliTs<br />

ufrosebisgan xe<strong>da</strong>vs, an ara aqvs socialuri unar-Cvevebi;<br />

• agresiis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acilebis saukeTeso gzaa klasSi<br />

TanamSromlobis, urTierTpativiscemis, tolerantobis<br />

atmosferos Seqmna;<br />

• konfliqtis mogvarebisTvis maswavlebelma SeiZleba<br />

gamoiyenos direqtiuli midgoma, Seasrulos arbitris<br />

an mosamarTlis roli. Tumca arc erTi es midgoma ar<br />

amzadebs moswavles konfliqtebis <strong>da</strong>moukideblad <strong>da</strong>regulirebisTvis;<br />

• konfliqtebis mogvarebisTvis yvelaze efeqturia,<br />

rom mivandoT moswavleebs iniciativa <strong>da</strong> movamzadoT<br />

isini molaparakebebisa <strong>da</strong> mediaciis xerxebis gamoyenebisTvis.<br />

102

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ganaTleba <strong>da</strong> kanonmdebloba<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ra erovnuli <strong>da</strong> saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi aqtebi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> icodes maswavlebelma;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> Seuwyon xeli maswavleblebma skolebSi<br />

ganaTlebis uflebis <strong>da</strong>cvis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso konvenciebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>nergvas;<br />

rogor un<strong>da</strong> gamoiyenon maswavleblebma samarTlebrivi<br />

aqtebi skolaSi.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT<br />

pasuxebze:<br />

1. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT ra asaki<strong>da</strong>n aqvs bavSvs<br />

ganaTlebis miRebis ufleba<br />

2. rogor un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>icvan maswavleblebma religiuri, eTnikuri<br />

an enobrivi umciresobebis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nel moswavleTa<br />

uflebebi<br />

3. rogor un<strong>da</strong> izrunon maswavleblebma bavSvebis keTildReobisaTvis<br />

103

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104<br />

*****<br />

yvela bavSvs aqvs ganaTlebis miRebis ufleba, romelic<br />

a<strong>da</strong>mianis erT-erTi fun<strong>da</strong>menturi uflebaa. rogorc erovnuli,<br />

aseve saerTaSoriso kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs bavSvTa am<br />

uflebis <strong>da</strong>cvas. maswavleblis movaleobaa, <strong>da</strong>eqvemdebaros am<br />

kanonebs, romlebic gulisxmobs TiToeuli bavSvis uzrunvelyofas<br />

sruli zogadi ganaTlebis miRebis Tanabari<br />

uflebiT.<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, bavSvs ufleba aqvs,<br />

6 wlis asaki<strong>da</strong>n miiRos zogadi ganaTleba saqarTvelos zogadsaganmanaTleblo<br />

<strong>da</strong>wesebulebebSi. saqarTveloSi zogadi<br />

ganaTleba, romelic 12 wels moicavs, samsafexuriania: <strong>da</strong>wyebiTi<br />

- 6 weli, sabazo - 3 weli <strong>da</strong> saSualo - 3 weli.<br />

saqarTvelos konstitucia yvelas uzrunvelyofs<br />

ganaTlebis miRebis uflebiT <strong>da</strong> aniWebs maT SesaZleblobas,<br />

airCion saxelmwifo an kerZo ganaTleba. ganaTlebis miRebaSi<br />

aravis ar un<strong>da</strong> SeeSalos xeli, erovnebis, rasis, sqesis, eTnikuri<br />

warmomavlobis, qonebrivi mdgomareobis, religiuri<br />

kuTvnilebis an sxva statusis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad. yvela bavSvi valdebulia,<br />

miiRos <strong>da</strong>wyebiTi ganaTleba. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT,<br />

yvelas aqvs ufaso zogadi ganaTlebis miRebis ufleba.<br />

saxelmwifo vauCeruli <strong>da</strong>finansebiT uzrulvelyofs yvela moswavles.<br />

yvela bavSvisTvis ganaTlebis uflebis uzrunvelyofasTan<br />

erTad, saxelmwifo valdebulia, izrunos skolaSi moswavleTa<br />

usafrTxoebaze. amdenad, ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis<br />

saministros, skolis administraciisa <strong>da</strong> maswavleblebis movaleobaa,<br />

Seqmnan iseTi usafrTxo <strong>garemo</strong>, romelSic moswavleebi<br />

efeqtianad swavlas SeZleben. maSinac ki, rodesac moswavleebi<br />

disciplinuri <strong>da</strong>rRvevebisTvis isjebian, maswavleblebma un<strong>da</strong><br />

izrunon bavSvis a<strong>da</strong>mianuri Rirsebis SenarCunebaze. magali-<br />

Tad, moswavle, romelic skolaSi gamudmebiT Cxubobs, skolis<br />

administaciam araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>aSinos, ar un<strong>da</strong><br />

miayenos mas fizikuri Tu sityvieri Seuracxyofa; aseve, <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia<br />

sa<strong>da</strong>msjelo RonisZiebebis gatareba sxva moswavleebis<br />

Tan<strong>da</strong>swrebiT.<br />

saqarTvelo aris iseTi saerTaSoriso konvenciebis monawile<br />

qveyana, rogoricaa gaerTianebuli erebis a<strong>da</strong>mianis ufleba-<br />

Ta sayovelTao deklaracia, a<strong>da</strong>mianis uflebaTa <strong>da</strong> ZiriTad<br />

TavisuflebaTa <strong>da</strong>cvis evropuli konvencia <strong>da</strong> aseve, bavSvTa<br />

uflebebis Sesaxeb konvencia. im sferoebSi, romelsac saqarT-

---

velos kanonmdebloba ver faravs, bavSvis uflebebis <strong>da</strong>cvis<br />

TvalsazrisiT, saerTaSoriso konvenciebSi asaxuli debulebebi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos gaTvaliswinebuli.<br />

bavSvTa uflebebis Sesaxeb konvenciis 29-e muxlis Tanaxmad,<br />

maswavleblebi un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>exmaron moswavleebs gonebriv <strong>da</strong> fizikur<br />

ganviTarebaSi. es niSnavs, rom moswavleebs un<strong>da</strong> mieceT<br />

swavlisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>svenebis saSualeba.<br />

saskolo <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gma un<strong>da</strong> moicavdes samoqalaqo<br />

ganaTlebas. samoqalaqo ganaTleba moicavs rogorc ZiriTadi<br />

eTnikuri jgufis, aseve erovnuli umciresobebis, sxva erovnebebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> eTnikuri <strong>da</strong>jgufebebis pativiscemis swavlas. samoqalaqo<br />

ganaTlebis nawilia isic, rom moswavleebma iswavlon<br />

sakuTari kulturuli memkvidreobis,saxelmwifo enis,istoriis,<br />

tradiciebis <strong>da</strong> a.S. mniSvneloba. moswavleebma un<strong>da</strong> gaacnobieron<br />

erTmaneTis uflebebis <strong>da</strong>cvis mniSvnelobac. saqarTvelos<br />

xelisuflebam, Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis SemoRebis gziT, un<strong>da</strong><br />

uzrunvelyos umciresobaTa warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli bavSvebis uflebebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>cva. am mizniT, saxelmwifom un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>icvas saerTaSoriso<br />

konvenciebiT nakisri valdebulebebi. aseTi valdebulebebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>cvis umTavresi garanti ki moqmedi kanonmdeblobis evropul<br />

stan<strong>da</strong>rtebTan SesabamisobaSi moyvanaa.<br />

saqarTvelos mosaxleobis umravlesoba marTlmadidebeli<br />

qristiania. Tumca, saqarTveloSi arsebobs sxva religiuri umciresobebi,<br />

romelTa pativiscemac saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi<br />

nebismieri a<strong>da</strong>mianis valdebulebaa. saqarTveloSi cxovroben<br />

ebraelebi, musulmanebi, aramarTlmadidebeli qristianebi <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />

<strong>da</strong>uSvebelia umciresobaTa am jgufebis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli bavSvebis<br />

religiur ceremoniebSi, locvebSi, an marTlmadidebluri<br />

eklesiis msaxurebaSi iZulebiT CarTva.<br />

rwmenis Tavisuflebis <strong>da</strong>rRvevis magaliTia, rodesac maswavlebelma<br />

klasi<strong>da</strong>n gaagdo ebraeli moswavle im mizeziT, rom<br />

mas efara ebrauli religiuri Tavsaburavi.<br />

msgavsi mopyroba ikrZaleba aramxolod saqarTvelos konstituciiTa<br />

<strong>da</strong> zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanoniT, aramed a<strong>da</strong>mianis<br />

uflebebisa <strong>da</strong> fun<strong>da</strong>menturi Tavisuflebebis <strong>da</strong>cvis<br />

evropuli konvenciis me-9 muxliT (religiis Tavisufleba).<br />

moswavleebi zogjer yvebian anekdotebs sxva eTnikur warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebze.<br />

Tu maswavlebeli klasSi aseT xumrobas gai<strong>ge</strong>bs,<br />

aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> auxsnas moswavleebs, Tu ratomaa <strong>da</strong>uSvebeli<br />

amgvari saubari. maswavlebeli ar un<strong>da</strong> CaerTos aseT xumrobaSi<br />

<strong>da</strong> izrunos, rom aRar ganmeordes msgavsi saqcieli.<br />

105

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saqarTveloSi saxelmwifo ena qarTulia. magram eTnikuri<br />

umciresobebis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebs, enobrivi barieris gamo, araviTar<br />

SemTxvevaSi ar un<strong>da</strong> eTqvas uari ganaTlebis miRebaze.<br />

maswavlebeli valdebulia, xeli SeuSalos moswavleebis mxri<strong>da</strong>n<br />

mSobliur enaze saubris gamo maT <strong>da</strong>cinvasa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mcirebas.<br />

maswavlebelma bavSvebs un<strong>da</strong> aswavlos tolerantoba <strong>da</strong><br />

pativiscema eTnikuri Tu religiuri umciresobebis mimarT.<br />

maswavleblis mxri<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia umciresobaTa warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebisTvis<br />

mSobliur enaze saubris akrZalva. maswavlebels moeTxoveba,<br />

<strong>da</strong>icvas maTi individualuri <strong>da</strong> koleqtiuri ufleba,<br />

SeinarCunon TavianTi kulturuli TviTmyofadoba.<br />

sasurvelia, bavSvebTan <strong>da</strong> skolis administraciasTan erTad<br />

SemuSavdes <strong>da</strong>matebiTi <strong>da</strong>xmarebis programa maTTvis, visTvisac<br />

qarTuli araa mSobliuri ena.<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, ipovoT pasuxi am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

mocemul yvela SekiTxvaze. <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gaeciT<br />

pasuxebi.<br />

106

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ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• maswavleblisTvis moswavleebis keTildReobaze<br />

zrunva aramxolod moraluri, aramed kanoniT<br />

gaTvaliswinebuli movaleobaa;<br />

• maswavlebelma un<strong>da</strong> izrunos imaze, rom moswavleebi<br />

fizikurad usafrTxo <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>Si imyofebodnen.<br />

bavSvis usafrTxoebis <strong>da</strong>cva moicavs disciplinuri<br />

wesebis <strong>da</strong>cvas <strong>da</strong> skolis gareT bavSvis uflebebis Selaxvis<br />

nebismier SemTxvevaze saTanado reagirebas;<br />

• maswavlebelma un<strong>da</strong> izrunos bavSvis Rirsebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>cvaze,kargad un<strong>da</strong> icnobdes kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul<br />

moTxovnebs <strong>da</strong> yvela samarTlebrivi meqanizmi un<strong>da</strong><br />

gamoiyenos bavSvis uflebebis <strong>da</strong>sacavad;<br />

• <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia, maswavlebeli gansxvavebulad moepyras<br />

sxva erovnuli Tu religiuri umciresobebis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli<br />

moswavleebs, maTi kanonieri interesebis<br />

sazianod.<br />

107

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maswavleblis uflebebi <strong>da</strong> movaleobebi<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ras moicavs maswavleblis uflebebi;<br />

ras moicavs maswavleblis movaleobebi;<br />

maswavlebelsa <strong>da</strong> moswavlesTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli ra<br />

informacia un<strong>da</strong> iyos Senaxuli konfidencialurad.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT<br />

pasuxebze:<br />

1. ra aris maswavleblis <strong>profesiuli</strong> valdebuleba<br />

2. moswavlis Sesaxeb ra informacia un<strong>da</strong> Seinaxos maswavlebelma<br />

konfidencialurad<br />

3. ra un<strong>da</strong> gakeTdes, Tu skolaSi yofnis periodSi bavSvis<br />

usafrTxoebas safrTxe emuqreba<br />

4. ra zomebs un<strong>da</strong> mimarTos skolam <strong>da</strong> ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis<br />

saministrom, raTa Tqveni,rogorc maswavleblis uflebebi<br />

iyos <strong>da</strong>culi<br />

saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis saministro <strong>da</strong>,<br />

agreTve, skola, romelSic muSaobs maswavlebeli, pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>belia<br />

maswavleblebis uflebebis <strong>da</strong>cvaze.<br />

maswavleblis ZiriTadi uflebebi CamoTvlilia `zogadi<br />

ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ kanonSi. maT Sorisaa, gamoxatvisa <strong>da</strong> Sekrebis<br />

Tavisufleba, piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba,<br />

108

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skolis marTvaSi monawileobis ufleba, swavlebisa <strong>da</strong> kvlevis<br />

akademiuri Tavisufleba <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />

• gamoxatvis Tavisufleba - ufleba, moiZios, miiRos,<br />

Seqmnas, Seinaxos, <strong>da</strong>amuSaos an gaavrcelos garkveuli informacia<br />

an ideebi, aseve gamoiyenos skolis resursebi ase-<br />

Ti informaciisa <strong>da</strong> ideebis mosaZieblad, <strong>da</strong>samuSaveblad an<br />

gasavrceleblad (zogadi ganaTkebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-14<br />

muxli).<br />

• swavlebisa <strong>da</strong> kvlevis akademiuri Tavisufleba niSnavs<br />

moswavlis <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis uflebas, <strong>da</strong>moukideblad<br />

ganaxorcielon swavleba an kvleva im farglebSi, romelic<br />

ar ewinaaRmde<strong>ge</strong>ba erovnuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gmiT <strong>da</strong>saxuli<br />

miznebis miRwevas.<br />

maswavleblebi sar<strong>ge</strong>bloben im sayovelTaod aRiarebuli<br />

uflebebiTac, romlebic pir<strong>da</strong>pir ar aris miTiTebuli am kanonSi,<br />

magram gamomdinareobs saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobi<strong>da</strong>n. Tavis<br />

mxriv, skola valdebulia, maswavlebels gaacnos misi uflebebi<br />

<strong>da</strong> Tavisuflebebi. maswavleblebis drouli informirebuloba<br />

Seamcirebs maTi uflebebis ukanonod SezRudvis SemTxvevebs.<br />

yvela maswavlebels ufleba aqvs, Tanabar pirobebSi, yovelgvari<br />

diskriminaciis gareSe, isar<strong>ge</strong>blos kanonmdeblobiT <strong>da</strong>culi<br />

uflebebiTa <strong>da</strong> TavisuflebebiT.<br />

qvemoT moyvanili SemTxveva naTlad aRwers maswavleblis<br />

mimarT diskriminaciuli mopyrobis faqts, ris safuZvelzec mas<br />

waerTva skolis marTvaSi monawileobis ufleba.<br />

situacia 1.<br />

nana 2 wlis manZilze aswavli<strong>da</strong> skolaSi ucxo enas.<br />

samuSaoze ayvanamde nanam amave skolaSi 1 wliani staJireba gaiara.<br />

gaformebuli xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad, nana <strong>ge</strong>rmanuli enis<br />

pe<strong>da</strong>gogia. Tumca, mas skolis administraciis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebi<br />

kvlav staJiorad moixseniebdnen <strong>da</strong> am safuZvliT zRu<strong>da</strong>vdnen<br />

mas maswavleblisTvis miniWebuli uflebebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobaSi.<br />

mag. zemoaRniSnulis safuZvliT,nanas uari uTxres,monawileoba<br />

mieRo skolis sameurveo sabWos muSaobasa <strong>da</strong> arCevnebSi. un<strong>da</strong><br />

aRiniSnos, rom skolis administracias aseTi <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba<br />

mxolod nanas mimarT gaaCn<strong>da</strong>.<br />

109

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situaciis samarTlebrivi analizi:<br />

SromiTi xelSekrulebis safuZvelze, nana <strong>da</strong>saqmebuli iyo<br />

skolis maswavleblad. SromiT urTierTobaSi <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia nebismieri<br />

saxis diskriminaciuli mopyroba, rac araTanabar pirobebSi<br />

ayenebs pirovnebas sxva <strong>da</strong>saqmebulebTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT.<br />

`zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ kanoni uflebas aniWebs maswavlebels,<br />

romelic, amavdroulad, pe<strong>da</strong>gogiuri sabWos wevria,<br />

gawevriandes sameurveo sabWoSi. sameurveo sabWos Semad<strong>ge</strong>nlobis<br />

<strong>da</strong>kompleqteba xdeba arCevnebis gziT. amrigad, sameurveo<br />

sabWos arCevnebSi Tavisi kandi<strong>da</strong>turis wamoyenebis ufleba aqvs<br />

nebismier maswavlebels.<br />

problemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetis gza<br />

maswavlebeli uflebamosilia, Tavisi uflebebis <strong>da</strong>sacavad<br />

gaasaCivros skolis nebismieri arasamarTlebrivi qmedeba. skolam<br />

un<strong>da</strong> Seqmnas saCivris ganxilvis efeqtiani <strong>da</strong> miukerZoebeli<br />

sistema, rac, Tavis mxriv, <strong>da</strong>rRveuli uflebebis <strong>da</strong>cvis<br />

erTgvar samarTlebriv garants warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns. kanonmdeblobis<br />

mixedviT, skolaSi saCivrebis ganmxilveli organoa sameurveo<br />

sabWo. <strong>da</strong>interesebul pirs saCivari SeuZlia waradginos<br />

agreTve skolis direqtoris saxelzec. Tu miRebuli pasuxi ar<br />

iqneba <strong>da</strong>makmayofilebeli, maswavlebels ufleba aqvs, skolis<br />

xelmZRvanelobis ukanono qmedeba gaasaCivros ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong><br />

mecnierebis saministroSi. mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma<br />

waradginos Tavisi <strong>da</strong>sabuTebuli pretenzia Sesabamis organoSi<br />

werilobiTi saxiT.<br />

moqalaqeTa gancxadebebsa <strong>da</strong> saCivrebze, romlebic saministros<br />

sistemaSi momx<strong>da</strong>r <strong>da</strong>rRvevebs Seexeba, reagirebas axdens<br />

<strong>ge</strong>neraluri inspeqcia, saministros sistemaSi Semavali erT-erTi<br />

struqturuli qve<strong>da</strong>nayofi.<br />

110

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*****<br />

konfidencialoba mniSvnelovania maswavleblebisaTvis. amitom<br />

TanamSromlebs, moswavleebs, moswavleebis ojaxis wevrebs,<br />

sazogadoebisa <strong>da</strong> mediis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebs ar un<strong>da</strong> hqondeT<br />

SesaZlebloba, miiRon personaluri informacia maswavleblis<br />

Sesaxeb misi nebarTvis gareSe.<br />

aseve, <strong>da</strong>culi un<strong>da</strong> iyos maswavleblis akademiuri uflebebi.<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobisa <strong>da</strong> ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis<br />

saministros samarTlebrivi aqtebis Sesabamisad, maswavlebels<br />

ufleba aqvs,aswavlos Tavisi sagani (sagnobrivi jgufi) saxelmwifos,<br />

saministros, religiuri organizaciebis an mSoblebis<br />

mxri<strong>da</strong>n cenzuris gareSe.<br />

<strong>da</strong>uSvebelia maswavlebelze zewola araakademiuri mizezebis<br />

gamo moswavlis Sefasebis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis Secvlis mizniT (mag.<br />

sazogadoebis gamoCenili wevrebis an TanamSromeli maswavleblebis<br />

Svilebis niSnebis <strong>da</strong> sxv.).<br />

maswavlebeli <strong>da</strong>culi un<strong>da</strong> iyos Zaladobisagan moswavleebis,<br />

TanamSromlebis, moswavleebis ojaxis wevrebis an sazogadoebis<br />

sxva warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nelTa mxri<strong>da</strong>n. Zaladobis aRkveTisa <strong>da</strong><br />

maswavleblis piradi usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad ga<strong>da</strong>udebeli<br />

<strong>da</strong> aucilebeli zomebis miReba skolis valdebulebaa.<br />

maswavleblis usafrTxoebis <strong>da</strong>cva ki gulisxmobs sicocxlis,<br />

janmrTelobisa <strong>da</strong> sakuTrebis uflebis <strong>da</strong>cvasac. skolam yvela<br />

Rone un<strong>da</strong> ixmaros Zaladobis faqtebis gamosavlenad <strong>da</strong>,<br />

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, samarTal<strong>da</strong>mcavi organoebis drouli<br />

informirebisaTvis.<br />

momdevno situacia asaxavs SemTxvevas, rodesac maswavlebels<br />

Seelaxa SromiTi ufleba.<br />

situacia 2.<br />

leila aswavli<strong>da</strong> rusul enasa <strong>da</strong> literaturas erT-erT<br />

sajaro skolaSi 6 wlis manZilze. man gaimarjva saqarTvelos<br />

ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis saministrosa <strong>da</strong> ruseTis<br />

federaciis Sesabamisi uwyebis erTobliv programaSi, romlis<br />

farglebSic, is monawileobas miiReb<strong>da</strong> maswavleblis <strong>profesiuli</strong><br />

ganviTarebis programaSi ruseTis erT-erT umaRles saganmanaTleblo<br />

<strong>da</strong>wesebulebaSi. ruseTis federaciaSi gamgzavrebamde<br />

leila SeuTanxm<strong>da</strong> skolis direqtors, rom <strong>da</strong>brunebis<br />

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Semdeg kvlav gaagrZeleb<strong>da</strong> Tavis Zvel klasTan muSaobas. Sesabamisad,<br />

direqtorma gamosca brZaneba misTvis anazRaurebis<br />

gareSe Svebulebis micemis Sesaxeb.<br />

1 tri<strong>mes</strong>triani saganmanaTleblo programis warmatebiT<br />

<strong>da</strong>srulebis Semdeg leila <strong>da</strong>brun<strong>da</strong> skolaSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c Seityo<br />

misi gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb. aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>, rom direqtorma<br />

igi brZanebis safuZvelze samsaxuri<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>iTxova misi<br />

Svebulebis amowurvamde 2 kviriT adre.<br />

kiTxva: kanonieri iyo Tu ara leilas gaTavisufleba<br />

situaciis samarTlebrivi analizi<br />

direqtoris qmedeba arRvevs ”zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb”<br />

saqarTvelos kanoniT garantirebul maswavleblis uflebas<br />

”aimaRlos kvalifikacia, risTvisac 6 weliwadSi erTxel uflebamosilia<br />

moiTxovos anazRaurebis gareSe Svebuleba 1 wlamde<br />

vadiT, samuSao adgilis SenarCunebiT”. (”zogadi ganaTlebis<br />

Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis 21-e muxlis pirveli punqtis ”g”<br />

qvepunqti), iseve rogorc, saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqss, romlis<br />

mixedviTac, <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia <strong>da</strong>saqmebulTan xelSekrulebis moSla<br />

Svebulebis periodSi.<br />

problemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetis gzebi<br />

leilas ufleba aqvs, mimarTos skolis direqtors <strong>da</strong> moiTxovos<br />

pirvandeli mdgomareobis aRd<strong>ge</strong>na. aseT SemTxvevaSi, mimarTvis<br />

forma werilobiTi un<strong>da</strong> iyos. Tu 14 dRis ganmavlobaSi<br />

direqtorma ar moaxdina reagireba gaTavisuflebuli maswavleblis<br />

mimarTvaze, es ukanaskneli uflebamosilia, mimarTos sasamarTlos<br />

<strong>da</strong> moiTxovos gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb direqtoris<br />

brZanebis baTilad cnoba <strong>da</strong> iZulebiT gacdenili drois ganmavlobaSi<br />

xelfasis anazRaureba. mniSvnelovania, rom leilas<br />

SeuZlia mimarTos sasamarTlos misi gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb<br />

brZanebis oficialuri wesiT gacnobi<strong>da</strong>n 1 Tvis ganmavlobaSi.<br />

am vadis nebismieri, Tun<strong>da</strong>c sapatio mizeziT gacdenis SemTxvevaSi<br />

sasamarTlo ar ganixilavs leilas sarCels.<br />

qvemoT mocemuli situacia gansxvavdeba <strong>da</strong>narCeni magaliTebisgan,<br />

vinai<strong>da</strong>n aRwers iseT SemTxvevas, romlis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetis gza<br />

uSualod ar aris kanonmdeblobiT mowesri<strong>ge</strong>buli.<br />

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situacia 3.<br />

Tqven giorgis qarTuls aswavliT. mas yovelTvis problemebi<br />

aqvs yofaqcevaSi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>valebasac TiTqmis arasodes asrulebs.<br />

Tqven skolis direqtors sTxovT, rom momaval kviras,<br />

gakveTilebis <strong>da</strong>srulebis Semdeg <strong>da</strong>niSnos saerTo Sexvedra<br />

giorgis mSoblebTan. direqtori giorgis mamas uTanxmebs Sexvedras<br />

momavali oTxSabaTisaTvis. Tumca giorgis mama TqvenTan<br />

<strong>da</strong>uyovnebliv Sexvedras ga<strong>da</strong>wyvets. igi pir<strong>da</strong>pir Tqvens saklaso<br />

oTaxSi Semodis. Tqven Sua gakveTilze xarT <strong>da</strong> mSobels<br />

sTxovT, gareT <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>lodoT, vidre gakveTilebi <strong>da</strong>mTavrdeba.<br />

giorgis mama uars ambobs gasvlaze <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>uyovnebliv moiTxovs<br />

mis SvilTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli problemebis ganxilvas.<br />

rogori un<strong>da</strong> iyos skolis reaqcia msgavs SemTxvevaSi<br />

aseT viTarebaSi skolis administracia ar un<strong>da</strong> Caerios mSoblisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> maswavleblis urTierTobaSi <strong>da</strong> Tavisufleba un<strong>da</strong><br />

misces maT problemis mogvarebis procesSi, gar<strong>da</strong> im SemTxvevisa,<br />

Tu mxareebi ver SeTanxmdnen situacii<strong>da</strong>n gamosavalze.<br />

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ogor un<strong>da</strong> moiqces maswavlebeli<br />

am situaciaSi mniSvnelovani roli ekisreba maswavlebels,<br />

romlis iniciativac iyo mSobelTan erToblivi Sexvedris organizeba.<br />

mniSvnelovania, rom aseTi situaciebis ga<strong>da</strong>Wris gzebi<br />

ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli kanonmdeblobiT <strong>da</strong> problemis<br />

mogvarebis tvirTi metwilad maswavlebels akisria. maswavlebelma<br />

mxedvelobaSi un<strong>da</strong> miiRos, rom mama aRelvebulia <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>uyovnebliv moiTxovs masTan Sexvedras. SesaZlebelia, rom<br />

maswavleblis mxri<strong>da</strong>n winaaRmdegobis gawevam metad gazardos<br />

mamis ukmayofileba, xolo klasSi myofi moswavleebi ar un<strong>da</strong><br />

gaxdnen <strong>da</strong>Zabuli viTarebis Semswreni. amrigad, <strong>da</strong>saSvebia, maswavlebelma<br />

Sewyvitos <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Tanxmdes mSobels<br />

gasaubrebaze klasis gareT. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi maswavlebelma<br />

amis Sesaxeb un<strong>da</strong> acnobos skolis administracias<br />

an,Tu SesaZlebelia,administraciis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlis Tan<strong>da</strong>swrebiT<br />

gaesaubros aRelvebul mSobels.<br />

114<br />

*****<br />

maswavlebeli sar<strong>ge</strong>blobs aramxolod kanonmdeblobiT mini-<br />

Webuli uflebebiT, aramed mas ekisreba garkveuli movaleobebic.<br />

maswavleblis mier sakuTari <strong>profesiuli</strong> valdebulebebis<br />

jerovnad Sesruleba moicavs: moswavlisTvis xarisxiani<br />

ganaTlebis micemas,mis pirovnul ganviTarebasa <strong>da</strong> moqalaqeobrivi<br />

cnobierebis Camoyalibebaze zrunvas, <strong>profesiuli</strong> eTikis<br />

<strong>da</strong>cvasa <strong>da</strong> sxv.<br />

maswavleblis erT-erTi movaleobaa eTikurad <strong>da</strong> pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobiT<br />

moekidos sakuTar profesias. sazogadoebaSi maswavlebeli<br />

erT-erTi yvelaze sando <strong>da</strong> pativsacemi pirovneba un<strong>da</strong><br />

iyos. igi un<strong>da</strong> cdilobdes, gaamarTlos mSoblis molodini, rom<br />

Svilebi iReben xarisxian ganaTlebas usafrTxo <strong>da</strong> mzrunvel<br />

<strong>garemo</strong>Si. maswvlebeli un<strong>da</strong> icavdes saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobas,<br />

rogorc <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis mimdinareobisas, ise skolis<br />

gareT.<br />

maswavleblebi valdebulni arian, <strong>da</strong>icvan eTikis normebi<br />

moswavleebTan <strong>da</strong> mSoblebTan urTierTobisas. <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia<br />

misi mxri<strong>da</strong>n moswavlisaTvis fizikuri zianis miyeneba, an<br />

iseTi qmedebis ganxorcieleba, rac safrTxes uqmnis bavSvis<br />

usafrTxoebas <strong>da</strong> laxavs mis Rirsebas. aseve, maswavlebelma ar<br />

un<strong>da</strong> miayenos moswavles sityvieri Seuracxyofa.

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situacia 1.<br />

Tiko, meSvideklaseli gogona, klasSi <strong>da</strong>gvianebiT Sedis. ukve<br />

mexuTe dRea, rac Tiko, <strong>da</strong>axloebiT, naxevari saaTiT igvianebs<br />

gakveTilze.<br />

aRniSnuli situacia SeiZleba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvanairad ganvi-<br />

Tardes:<br />

1. maswavlebeli saklaso oTaxSi <strong>da</strong>gvianebiT Semosul<br />

Tikos <strong>da</strong>mcinavad eubneba: `didi madloba, rom SemogvierTdi,<br />

Tiko. rame problema gaqvs, ris gamoc skolaSi<br />

droulad ver modixar kargi moswavleebi, nebismieri<br />

problemis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, yovelTvis axerxeben skolaSi<br />

droulad mosvlas. <strong>da</strong>gvianebiT mosvlas, sul nu moxval...”<br />

cxadia, Tiko Sercxvenilia. is Cumad jdeba <strong>da</strong><br />

gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi xmas saerTod ar iRebs.<br />

2. maswavlebeli Tikos klasSi Sesvlis nebas rTavs.<br />

rodesac gakveTili mTavrdeba, is sxva moswavleebisagan<br />

calke ixmobs Tikos <strong>da</strong> ekiTxeba mizezs, romlis gamoc<br />

igi gakveTilebze agvianebs. Tiko uxsnis, rom mis saxlTan<br />

avtobusis gaCerebis ganrigi Secvales <strong>da</strong> axla<br />

yoveli 10 wuTis nacvlad mxolod 20 wuTSi erTxel<br />

SeuZlia gamohyves transports. maswavlebeli madlobas<br />

uxdis Tikos axsna-ganmartebisaTvis <strong>da</strong> eubneba, rom uke-<br />

Tesia, Tu diliT ufro adre gamova saxli<strong>da</strong>n, raTa meti<br />

dro hqondes wamosasvlelad.<br />

meore scenarSi maswavlebeli Tvlis, rom umjobesia,<br />

klasis winaSe ar gakicxos Tiko. calke esaubreba <strong>da</strong> i<strong>ge</strong>bs, rom<br />

bavSvs gansakuTrebuli <strong>garemo</strong>ebis gamo uwevs klasSi <strong>da</strong>gvianeba.<br />

es exmareba maswavlebels, moaZebninos Tikos problemis<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>saWreli gzebi.<br />

maswavleblis movaleobaa, miiRos Sesabamisi zomebi, Tu<br />

eWvs aiRebs moswavlis winaaRmdeg rame saxis ZaladobasTan<br />

<strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT. es moicavs informacias bavSvze mSoblis, maswav-<br />

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leblis, nebismieri sxva pirisa Tu meore bavSvis mxri<strong>da</strong>n ganxorcielebuli<br />

Zaladobis Sesaxeb.<br />

maswavleblis erT-erTi movaleobaa moswavlis uflebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>cva konfidencialobasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT. imisaTvis, rom<br />

moswavleebma skolaSi Tavi usafrTxod <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>culad igrZnon,<br />

maTi piradi informacia ar un<strong>da</strong> gaices sxva pirebze. informacia,<br />

romelsac maswavlebeli konfidencialurad un<strong>da</strong> inaxavdes,<br />

moicavs moswavleebis niSnebs, swavlasTan Tu qcevasTan<br />

<strong>da</strong>kavSirebul sakiTxebs. informacia moswavlis Sesaxeb ar un<strong>da</strong><br />

gaices sxva moswavleebze <strong>da</strong> arc sxva pirebze mSoblebis, meurvis,<br />

bebiisa <strong>da</strong> babuis gar<strong>da</strong>, aseve arc sazogadoebis romelime<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nelze, an im maswavleblebze, romlebic uSualod ar<br />

aswavlian moswavles, radgan maT ar SeuZliaT mopovebuli informaciis<br />

safuZvelze xeli Seuwyon moswavlis problemebis<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>Wras <strong>da</strong> SeiZleba informacia mxolod arasasurveli mizniT<br />

gamoiyenon.<br />

situacia 2.<br />

xaTuna maswavlebeli Sesvenebis dros samaswavlebloSi Sedis.<br />

man es-esaa <strong>da</strong>asrula gakveTili, romlis msvlelobisas<br />

problema Seeqmna erT-erT moswavlesTan - TamarTan. Tamarma<br />

uari Tqva, Seesrulebina maswavleblis miTiTebebi <strong>da</strong> uxeSad<br />

Seepasuxa mas. xaTuna iZulebuli gax<strong>da</strong>, direqtorisTvis moexmo,<br />

raTa moswavle klasi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>eTxova misi cudi qcevis gamo. ori<br />

maswavlebeli, romelic Tamars ar aswavlis <strong>da</strong> sxva bavSvis<br />

mSobeli, romelic skolaSia mosuli, samaswavlebloSi sxe<strong>da</strong>n.<br />

bunebrivia, xaTuna gaRizianebulia. rodesac samaswavlebloSi<br />

Semodis, maswavleblebi ekiTxebian, ra mox<strong>da</strong>.<br />

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aRniSnuli situacia SeiZleba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvanairad ganviTardes,<br />

gTavazobT or variants:<br />

1. xaTuna maswavlebeli iwyebs TamarTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli<br />

problemis detalurad aRweras. is moswavles cu<strong>da</strong>d<br />

axasiaTebs. erT-erTi maswavlebeli Tamaris gvars<br />

kiTxulobs <strong>da</strong> xaTunac pasuxobs. mogvianebiT, saxlSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>brunebuli maswavleblebi ojaxebSi yvebian Tamaris<br />

Sesaxeb. samaswavlebloSi myofi mSobelic Tamaris de<strong>da</strong>s<br />

urekavs <strong>da</strong> uyveba momx<strong>da</strong>ris Sesaxeb.<br />

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2. xaTuna maswavlebeli zoga<strong>da</strong>d aRwers, rom ra-<br />

Rac problema hqon<strong>da</strong> moswavlesTan. is ar axsenebs<br />

moswavlis saxels <strong>da</strong> arc sxva informacias iZleva mis<br />

Sesaxeb.<br />

meore SemTxveva maswavleblis swor reaqcias aRwers. detaluri<br />

informaciis gacema, rogoricaa, vTqvaT, moswavlis saxeli<br />

<strong>da</strong> gvari, moswavlis uflebis <strong>da</strong>rRvevaa. maswavlebels moswavlis<br />

Sesaxeb informaciis ganxilva SeuZlia mxolod<br />

mSoblebTan, skolis xelmZRvanelobasa <strong>da</strong> im maswavleblebTan,<br />

romlebic aRniSnul moswavles aswavlian.<br />

moswavlis Sesaxeb Canawerebi saimedo adgilas un<strong>da</strong> inaxebodes<br />

skolaSi. moswavlis Sesaxeb informacia xelmisawvdomi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos mxolod skolis administraciis, skolis fsiqolo<strong>ge</strong>bis,<br />

moswavlis maswavleblebis <strong>da</strong> mSoblebisaTvis.<br />

moswavlis niSnebTan, iseve rogorc moswavlis mier Cadenil<br />

disciplinur <strong>da</strong>rRvevebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli informaciac aseve<br />

konfidencialuria. saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebis, testebisa <strong>da</strong> gamocdebis<br />

niSnebi mxolod moswavleebze <strong>da</strong> maT mSoblebze un<strong>da</strong><br />

gaices. niSnebi, moswavleebis gvar-saxelebis TanxlebiT, ar<br />

un<strong>da</strong> gamoikras saklaso oTaxSi <strong>da</strong> arc xmamaRla un<strong>da</strong> gamocxaddes.<br />

bevri potenciuri problema SeiZleba aviciloT Tavi<strong>da</strong>n,<br />

Tuki moswavlis Sesaxeb informacia konfidencialurad Seinaxeba.<br />

magaliTad, es <strong>da</strong>icavs <strong>da</strong>bali niSnebis mqone moswavleebs<br />

<strong>da</strong> maTac, vinc disciplinuri ga<strong>da</strong>cdoma Caidines, TanaklaselTa<br />

mxri<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>cinvisagan. aseve, Tavi<strong>da</strong>n agvacilebs moswavleTa<br />

<strong>da</strong>pirispirebas niSnebis Se<strong>da</strong>rebis safuZvelze <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis<br />

mier gamoyenebuli Sefasebis meTodebis eWvqveS <strong>da</strong>yenebas.<br />

agreTve, es xels Seuwyobs klasSi wesrigis SenarCunebas, raTa<br />

moswavleTa mxri<strong>da</strong>n erTmaneTis niSnebis ganxilvam ar Seaferxos<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> procesi.<br />

moswavleebTan urTierTobaSi maswavlebeli aucileblad samarTliani<br />

<strong>da</strong> miukerZoebeli un<strong>da</strong> iyos. man ar un<strong>da</strong> ganasxvavos<br />

moswavleebi religiuri, eTnikuri, socialuri Tu <strong>ge</strong>nderuli<br />

niSniT.<br />

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situacia 3.<br />

gaga maswavlebeli istoriis gakveTilze yovelTvis svams<br />

SekiTxvebs. Cveulebriv, is im moswavlis pasuxs iRebs, romelic<br />

pirvelad awevs xels. klasSi biWebi ufro swrafad weven xels.<br />

Sesabamisad, maswavlebeli biWebs ufro xSirad aZlevs pasuxis<br />

gacemis saSualebas, vidre gogonebs. qeTis de<strong>da</strong> gaga maswavlebels<br />

xvdeba <strong>da</strong> ekiTxeba, Tu ratom ar iZaxebs mis qaliSvils<br />

sapasuxod.<br />

aRniSnuli situacia sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvanairad SeiZleba ganviTardes,<br />

magaliTad:<br />

1. rodesac qeTis de<strong>da</strong> gagas ekiTxeba, Tu ratom ar<br />

iZaxebs gogonebs sapasuxod,gaga eubneba: `ubralod,qeTi<br />

ufro swrafi un<strong>da</strong> iyos. Tu un<strong>da</strong> rom cxovrebaSi gamoiyenos<br />

is, rasac swavlobs, isic un<strong>da</strong> iswavlos, rogor<br />

gamoiyenos.” gaga ganagrZobs misi strategiis gamoyenebas<br />

<strong>da</strong> kvlav gogonebTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT swraf biWebs aZlevs pasuxis<br />

gacemis saSualebas.<br />

2. mSoblis SekiTxvis Semdeg gaga imave pasuxs scems.<br />

Tumca, mogvianebiT acnobierebs, rom marTlac, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d,<br />

biWebis pasuxs iRebs, radgan isini pirvelebi weven xels.<br />

igi ga<strong>da</strong>wyvets, rom kiTxvis <strong>da</strong>smis Semdeg cota xniT<br />

<strong>da</strong>icados, raTa <strong>da</strong>inaxos, Tu ramden moswavles aqvs pasuxi<br />

mzad. aRmoaCens, rom xSirad bevrma gogonam icis<br />

swori pasuxi, magram ufro mets yoymanobs sanam xels<br />

awevs. amis Semdeg igi moswavles aZlevs pasuxis gacemis<br />

SesaZleblobas.<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, <strong>da</strong>ubrundeT <strong>da</strong> upasuxoT am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>smul kiTxvebs<br />

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ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• maswavleblis uflebebi <strong>da</strong>culi un<strong>da</strong> iyos<br />

ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis saministrosa <strong>da</strong> adgilobrivi<br />

skolis mier;<br />

• mniSvnelovania, rom maswavleblebma icodnen saku-<br />

Tari uflebebis Sesaxeb, raTa, maTi <strong>da</strong>rRvevis SemTxvevaSi,<br />

<strong>da</strong>uyovneblad mimarTon uflebamosil organoebs;<br />

• maswavlebeli valdebulia, izrunos bavSvis uflebebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>cvasa <strong>da</strong> usafrTxo <strong>da</strong> mzrunveli <strong>garemo</strong>s Seqmnaze;<br />

• aseve, maswavlebeli valdebulia, <strong>saswavlo</strong> proces-<br />

Si Tanabrad CarTos yvela bavSvi, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad misi sqesis,<br />

eTnikuri, religiuri, socialuri warmoSobisa <strong>da</strong><br />

specialuri saWiroebisa.<br />

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moswavlis uflebebi <strong>da</strong> valdebulebebi<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ras moicavs bavSvis uflebebi <strong>da</strong> valdebulebebi;<br />

ras niSnavs gamoxatvis Tavisufleba;<br />

ra un<strong>da</strong> gaakeTos skolam bavSvis uflebebis <strong>da</strong>sacavad.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. ra un<strong>da</strong> gaakeTos maswavlebelma, skolam <strong>da</strong> ganaTlebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> mecnierebis saministrom bavSvis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad<br />

2. ra un<strong>da</strong> moimoqmedos maswavlebelma <strong>da</strong> skolam bavSvis<br />

Sesaxeb informaciis konfidencialobis <strong>da</strong>sacavad<br />

3. ra zomebs un<strong>da</strong> mimarTos maswavlebelma bavSvis mier<br />

disciplinuri <strong>da</strong>rRvevis SemTxvevaSi<br />

4. ra uflebebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobs <strong>da</strong> ra movaleobebi ekisreba<br />

moswavles skolaSi<br />

5. ra saSualebebiT SeuZlia skolas xeli Seuwyos <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>icvas<br />

moswavlis gamoxatvis Tavisufleba<br />

moswavleebis uflebaa, iswavlon usafrTxo <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>cul <strong>garemo</strong>Si.<br />

saklaso oTaxSi Tu mis gareT, moswavleebi <strong>da</strong>culni un<strong>da</strong><br />

iyvnen Zaladobisagan maswavleblebis,administraciis an sxva moswavleebis<br />

mxri<strong>da</strong>n. maswavleblebma arasodes ar un<strong>da</strong> Seuqmnan<br />

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safrTxe moswavleebis keTildReobas <strong>da</strong> xeli un<strong>da</strong> SeuSalon<br />

moswavleebis CarTvas arakanonier Tu araeTikur qmedebebSi.<br />

Tu moswavle safrTxes grZnobs konkretuli maswavleblisgan,<br />

an im <strong>garemo</strong>Si, sa<strong>da</strong>c imyofeba, amis Sesaxeb aucileblad un<strong>da</strong><br />

acnobos skolis direqtors. skolis xelmZRvanelobis movaleobaa,<br />

moaxdinos saTanado <strong>da</strong> drouli reagireba moswavlis<br />

saCivarze, moswavlis keTildReobis <strong>da</strong>sacavad.<br />

moswavlis uflebaa, <strong>da</strong>culi iyos misi piradi saidumloeba:<br />

skola valdebulia, ar gaavrcelos moswavlis personaluri monacemebi,<br />

gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia maT movTxovoT piradi informaciis<br />

gamJRavneba. metic, moswavlis akademiuri moswrebis<br />

Sesaxeb informacia disciplinuri monacemebisgan gancalkevebiT<br />

un<strong>da</strong> inaxebodes.<br />

un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom TiToeuli moswavlis akademiuri moswrebis<br />

Sesaxeb monacemebi sajaro informaciaa. Tumca, maswavlebelma<br />

imgvarad un<strong>da</strong> acnobos es informacia TiToeul moswavles,<br />

rom ar Seilaxos maTi Rirseba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mcirebulad ar<br />

igrZnon Tavi.<br />

situacia 1.<br />

nino mexuTe klaselebs aswavlis. misma moswavleebma es-esaa<br />

<strong>da</strong>weres testi maTematikaSi. giorgi ninos erT-erTi moswavlea.<br />

igi yovelTvis Znelad swavlob<strong>da</strong> maTematikas <strong>da</strong> kviraSi orjer<br />

kerZo maswavlebelTan <strong>da</strong>matebiT mecadineobs. giorgi testis<br />

Sede<strong>ge</strong>bs elodeba.<br />

1. maTematikis testis Semdeg nino klasis winaSe xmamaRla<br />

acxadebs TiToeuli moswavlis niSans. moswavleebi,<br />

romlebmac kargi an umaRlesi Sefaseba miiRes,<br />

gaxarebulebi arian. rodesac maswavlebeli klasis winaSe<br />

ambobs, rom giorgim erTi qula miiRo, zogi moswavle<br />

mas TanagrZnobiT ucqers, zogi ki mis <strong>da</strong>cinvas<br />

iwyebs. giorgi cdilobs, TanaklaselebTan erTad gaicinos,<br />

magram Tavs <strong>da</strong>mcirebulad grZnobs. igi fiqrobs,<br />

rom maTematikis swavlas azri ar aqvs,radgan mTel mis<br />

Zalisxmevas mainc aseTi <strong>da</strong>bali qula <strong>da</strong> Tanaklaselebis<br />

garkveuli nawilis <strong>da</strong>cinva mosdevs.<br />

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2. maTematikis testis Semdeg nino saTiTaod iZaxebs<br />

moswavleebs Tavis magi<strong>da</strong>sTan, raTa aCvenos Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi.<br />

igi moswavleebs eubneba, rom gakveTilis msvlelobisas<br />

erTmaneTTan ar un<strong>da</strong> ganixilon es niSnebi <strong>da</strong> rom niSnebi<br />

piradi informaciaa. rodesac nino giorgis aCvenebs<br />

sakuTar niSans,mas Seaxsenebs,rom Sedegis gasaumjobeseblad<br />

kidev bevri muSaobaa saWiro <strong>da</strong> Tu giorgi ibejiTebs,<br />

niSani bevrad gaumjobesdeba. giorgi gul<strong>da</strong>wyvetilia,<br />

magram ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebas iRebs, kidev ufro meti<br />

imecadinos niSnis gamosasworeblad.<br />

moswavleebs aqvT ufleba, mosTxovon maswavlebels an skolis<br />

xelmZRvanelobas, ar gaamxilon maTi piradi informacia,<br />

arc janmrTelobis mdgomareobasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli problemebi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iqnas ganxiluli sxva moswavleebTan an im maswavleblebTan,<br />

romlebic aRniSnul moswavles uSualod ar aswavlian.<br />

sazogadoebrivi wesrigis iseTi <strong>da</strong>rRvevisas, romelSic gamoyenebulia<br />

iaraRi, moswavleebis Sesaxeb informacias xSirad iTxoven<br />

masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebi.<br />

aseT viTarebaSi maswavleblebsa <strong>da</strong> skolis administracias mar-<br />

TebT, Tavi Seikavon moswavlis Sesaxeb iseTi informaciis gavrcelebisgan,romelic<br />

laxavs mis Rirsebas,magaliTad,rogoricaa<br />

informacia moswavlis warsuli yofaqcevisa <strong>da</strong> disciplinuri<br />

monacemebis Sesaxeb. moswavlis mimarT nebismieri qmedebis ganxorcielebisas<br />

an mis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrcelebisas <strong>da</strong>culi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> iyos bavSvis interesi. amrigad, maswavlebeli Tu skolis<br />

administraciis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli, un<strong>da</strong> iyos maqsimalurad<br />

koreqtuli moswavlis akademiuri moswrebisa <strong>da</strong> yofaqcevis<br />

Sesaxeb informaciis gamJRavnebis dros.<br />

situacia 2.<br />

<strong>da</strong>To meaTeklaselebs aswavlis. orSabaT diliT, rodesac<br />

<strong>da</strong>To skolaSi mivi<strong>da</strong>, gaigo, rom misma moswavlem, beqam, sxva<br />

moswavlesTan iCxuba. Cxubis dros beqam <strong>da</strong>niT <strong>da</strong>Wra meore<br />

moswavle, romelic axla saavadmyofoSi imyofebo<strong>da</strong>. mediis<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebma Seityves momx<strong>da</strong>ris Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong> skolis gareT<br />

elodebian, Tu rodis <strong>da</strong>amTavrebs <strong>da</strong>To muSaobas. gareT<br />

gamosul <strong>da</strong>Tos Jurnalistebi kiTxvebs usvamen beqas yofaqce-<br />

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visa <strong>da</strong> akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb.<br />

gTavazobT aRniSnuli situaciis or SesaZlo <strong>da</strong>sasruls:<br />

1 <strong>da</strong>To Jurnalists uambobs, rom beqas rTuli xasia-<br />

Ti aqvs <strong>da</strong> emociuri problemebi gauCn<strong>da</strong> mas Semdeg,rac<br />

de<strong>da</strong>misi saberZneTSi wavi<strong>da</strong> samuSaod. Semdeg amatebs,<br />

rom ar gakvirvebia beqas aseT incidentSi monawileobis<br />

ambavi.<br />

2. <strong>da</strong>To tele-Jurnalists eubneba, rom informacia<br />

moswavleebis Sesaxeb konfidencialuria <strong>da</strong> rom Jurnalistebma<br />

oficialuri gancxadebisTvis skolis direqtors<br />

an ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis saministros uflebamosil<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nels un<strong>da</strong> mimarTon.<br />

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or moswavles Soris konfliqtis SemTxvevaSi mSoblebs Seu-<br />

ZliaT <strong>da</strong>ukavSirdnen maswavleblebs <strong>da</strong> sTxovon informacia<br />

im moswavlis Sesaxeb, romelsac Cxubi mouvi<strong>da</strong> maT SvilTan.<br />

maswavleblebma Tu skolis administraciam mSoblebTan erTad<br />

un<strong>da</strong> ganixilos mxolod SemTxvevis detalebi <strong>da</strong> ecadon, Tavi<br />

Seikavon iseTi informaciis gavrcelebisgan, romelic SeiZleba<br />

exebodes moswavlis akademiur moswrebasa <strong>da</strong> saerTo yofaqcevas.<br />

moswavleebs ufleba aqvT icodnen, Tu ra SemTxvevaSi <strong>da</strong><br />

ra saxis disciplinuri saxdelebi gamoiyeneba konkretul<br />

skolaSi. moswavlis mimarT disciplinuri devna SeiZleba<br />

ganxorcieldes mxolod skolis SinaganawesiT <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili<br />

wesiT, romelic xelmisawvdomi un<strong>da</strong> iyos moswavlisa <strong>da</strong> mSoblisTvis.<br />

moswavleebs ufleba aqvT skolis direqtors Tu<br />

skolis administraciis sxva warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nels Sexvdnen ojaxis<br />

wevris Tan<strong>da</strong>swrebiT. yvela saxis sa<strong>da</strong>msjelo RonisZiebis,<br />

gakveTilebze <strong>da</strong>swrebis droebiTi akrZalvis an skoli<strong>da</strong>n moswavlis<br />

garicxvis Sesaxeb, un<strong>da</strong> ecnobos mSoblebs.<br />

situacia 3.<br />

luka xSirad qmnis problemebs skolaSi, euxeSeba maswavleblebs<br />

<strong>da</strong> arRvevs qcevis wesebs. maswavleblebi ver axerxeben<br />

mis gamosworebas.<br />

gTavazobT aRniSnuli situaciis or SesaZlo <strong>da</strong>sasruls:<br />

1. maswavleblebis nawili skolis direqtors lukas<br />

garicxvis moTxovniT mimarTavs, radgan igi Slis <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

process <strong>da</strong> xels uSlis swavlaSi sxva moswavleebs.<br />

direqtori Tanxmdeba, moswavles Tavis kabinetSi<br />

ibarebs <strong>da</strong> eubneba, rom aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> moiyvanos<br />

xval mSoblebi, raTa gaatanos skoli<strong>da</strong>n misi sabuTebi.<br />

2. maswavleblebi xvdebian skolis direqtors <strong>da</strong><br />

moiTxoven, rom luka gairicxos. Tumca, lukas garicxvamde,<br />

direqtori niSnavs Sexvedras mis mSoblebTan <strong>da</strong><br />

lukas yvela maswavlebelTan. aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>,rom wlis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi<br />

lukas mSoblebi erTmaneTs gascildnen <strong>da</strong> bavSvis<br />

saqcieli swored amis Semdeg Seicvala. agreTve, lukas<br />

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126<br />

ramdenime maswavlebeli ambobs, rom luka maTTan wesierad<br />

iqceva. isini kole<strong>ge</strong>bs uziareben zogierT strategias,romlis<br />

saSualebiTac axerxeben lukasTan <strong>da</strong>debiT<br />

urTierTobas. direqtori, maswavleblebi <strong>da</strong> lukas de<strong>da</strong><br />

Tanxmdebian, mimarTon imave strategiebs <strong>da</strong> ar iCqaron<br />

garicxvis Sesaxeb ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miReba.<br />

meore variantis mixedviT,vidre skola iseT radikalur ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebas<br />

miiRebs, rogoricaa moswavlis skoli<strong>da</strong>n garicxva,<br />

aucilebelia, Seiswavlon saq<strong>mes</strong>Tan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli yvela faqti<br />

<strong>da</strong> problemis gamomwvevi mizezebi. am principiT,lukas sakuTari<br />

saqcielis gamosworebis, xolo maswavlebels problemis gamomwvev<br />

mizezebTan brZolis Sansi mieca.<br />

kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, moswavlis skoli<strong>da</strong>n garicxvis<br />

Sesaxeb ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebis ufleba aqvs skolis disciplinur<br />

komitets. es ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetileba un<strong>da</strong> iyos <strong>da</strong>sabuTebuli<br />

<strong>da</strong> yvela faqtobrivi <strong>garemo</strong>ebis srulyofili Seswavlis<br />

Sedegad gamotanili.<br />

saqarTvelo icavs bavSvTa uflebebis konvencias. am konvenciis<br />

Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo valdebulia, <strong>da</strong>icvas bavSvebis<br />

gamoxatvis ufleba <strong>da</strong> aseve, konvenciis me-12 muxlis mixedviT,<br />

bavSvs ufleba aqvs misi azri moisminon nebismieri sasamarTlo<br />

an administraciuli ganxilvis dros, masTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul<br />

saqmeze. gaerTianebuli erebis bavSvTa uflebebis konvencia<br />

<strong>da</strong> a<strong>da</strong>mianis uflebebis sayovelTao deklaracia aRniSnavs, rom<br />

a<strong>da</strong>mianis fun<strong>da</strong>menturi uflebaa gamoxatvis Tavisufleba.<br />

skolebma un<strong>da</strong> uzrunvelyon bavSvis gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis<br />

ara mxolod <strong>da</strong>cva, aramed am uflebis ganxorcielebisTvis<br />

xelis Sewyobac. qvemoT moyvanilia ramdenime magaliTi imis<br />

Sesaxeb, Tu ra RonisZiebebi un<strong>da</strong> gaataros skolam moswavlis<br />

gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis <strong>da</strong>sacavad:<br />

• pativiscema im moswavleebis mimarT, romlebsac sxva<br />

moswavleebisagan an maswavleblisagan gansxvavebuli azri<br />

gaaCniaT konkretul sakiTxTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT;<br />

• tolerantulobisaken mowodeba <strong>da</strong> im moswavleebis<br />

azris miReba, romlebic umravlesobis azrs ewinaaRmde<strong>ge</strong>bian;<br />

• sakamaTo sakiTxebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli SemoqmedebiTi<br />

werilobiTi samuSaos micema;<br />

• sadebato klubis Seqmnis xelSewyoba, romelic sa-<br />

Sualebas miscems moswavleebs, maswavleblis meTvalyureo-

---

is qveS ganixilon sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva Tema;<br />

• maswavleblebs SeuZliaT wamoiwyon diskusia sakamaTo<br />

sakiTxebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT istorii<strong>da</strong>n, an mimdinare<br />

movlenebis Sesaxeb. maswavlebelma moswavleebs un<strong>da</strong> aswavlos<br />

saklaso diskusiis warmarTvis meTodebi <strong>da</strong> wesebi<br />

(mag. yvela moswavle pativiscemiT usmens erTmaneTs; ar <strong>da</strong>scinian<br />

gansxvavebuli azris mqone Tanaklasels <strong>da</strong> a.S.);<br />

• kulturul memkvidreobasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, gansaz-<br />

Rvrul dReebSi prezentaciebis mowyoba moswavleebis mier<br />

sakuTari religiis, enis, eTnikuri warmomavlobis, ojaxuri<br />

tradiciebis Tu sxva sakiTxebis Sesaxeb.<br />

ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis saministro <strong>da</strong> skola pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>belia<br />

<strong>da</strong>icvas bavSvi rasobrivi, religiuri, eTnikuri,<br />

erovnuli an socialuri diskriminaciisagan. moswavleebsac<br />

aseve akisriaT gansazRvruli valdebulebebi. isini regularulad<br />

un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>eswron gakveTilebs, droulad gamocxaddnen skolaSi<br />

<strong>da</strong> ecvaT <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis Sesaferisad. moswavleebi<br />

pativiscemiT un<strong>da</strong> moepyran maswavleblebsa <strong>da</strong> Tanaklaselebs,<br />

ar un<strong>da</strong> Selaxon sxvisi uflebebi <strong>da</strong> kanonieri interesebi.<br />

agreTve, moswavleebi un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>emorCilon skolis mier SemoRebul<br />

disciplinur wesebs.<br />

situacia 4.<br />

nika gamoirCeo<strong>da</strong> Tavisi sicelqiT. is gansakuTrebiT mousvenari<br />

iyo maTematikis gakveTilze. maTematikas aswavli<strong>da</strong> axali<br />

maswavlebeli. maswavlebelma nikas saqcielis Sesaxeb Seatyobina<br />

mSobels. nikam im saRamos sayveduric <strong>da</strong>imsaxura mamisagan.<br />

meore dRes,maTematikis gakveTilis msvlelobisas,nika cdilob<strong>da</strong>,<br />

gakveTili wamoZaxilebiTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>saswavlo</strong> nivTebis sroliT<br />

CaeSala. man celqobaSi aiyolia ramdenime Tanaklaseli. xolo<br />

rodesac maswavlebelma mouwo<strong>da</strong> maT disciplinisken, nikam<br />

fexis <strong>da</strong>rtymiT <strong>da</strong>aziana klasis wignebis kara<strong>da</strong>.<br />

problemis ga<strong>da</strong>Wris SesaZlo varianti:<br />

maTematikis maswavlebelma mimarTa direqtors TxovniT, rom<br />

moewviaT nikas mSoblebi <strong>da</strong> maTTan erTad moexdinaT Sesabamisi<br />

reagireba momx<strong>da</strong>r faqtTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT. direqtorma<br />

<strong>da</strong>akmayofila maswavleblis Txovna <strong>da</strong> meore dRisTvis <strong>da</strong>ibares<br />

nikas mSoblebi. Sexvedras eswrebo<strong>da</strong> nikac. direqtorma moismina<br />

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nikasgan axsna-ganmarteba aseTi saqcielis mizezebis Sesaxeb.<br />

amis Semdeg, nikas ganemarta misi ufleba-movaleobebis Sesaxeb,<br />

romelic gulisxmob<strong>da</strong> skolis sakuTrebis gafrTxilebasa <strong>da</strong> <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

procesis CaSlis <strong>da</strong>uSveblobasac. SinaganawesiT <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili<br />

wesiT, skolis direqtorma 2 dRiT <strong>da</strong>iTxova nika skoli<strong>da</strong>n.<br />

mocemuli magaliTi imis <strong>da</strong>sturia, rom moswavles gaaCnia<br />

uflebebi <strong>da</strong>, amavdroulad, ekisreba movaleobebi, romelTa<br />

Seusrulebloba warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns skolis mier <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili qcevis<br />

wesebis <strong>da</strong>rRvevas <strong>da</strong> iwvevs moswavleze Sesabamisi pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis<br />

zomebis <strong>da</strong>kisrebasac. skola valdebulia, gamoiyenos<br />

disciplinuri zomebi mxolod skolis Sinaganawesisa <strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobis<br />

moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.<br />

Tqven ukve SegZliaT, <strong>da</strong>ubrundeT am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi <strong>da</strong>smul<br />

kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> gasceT pasuxebi<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• moswavleebs aqvT ufleba, iswavlon <strong>da</strong>cul <strong>da</strong> usafrTxo<br />

<strong>garemo</strong>Si;<br />

• akademiur winsvlaSi moswavleebs Zalian exmarebaT<br />

imis codna, rom maswavleblebi maT pativs scemen;<br />

• maswavleblebi <strong>da</strong> ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis<br />

saministro un<strong>da</strong> icavdnen moswavleebis Sesaxeb konfidencialur<br />

informacias;<br />

• moswavleebma un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>icvan ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis<br />

saministros, aseve adgilobrivi skolis<br />

mier <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili disci plinuri wesebi <strong>da</strong> pativi scen<br />

Tanaklaselebis, maswavleblebisa <strong>da</strong> skolis xelmZRvanelebis<br />

uflebebs.<br />

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mSoblisa <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis urTierToba<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ra mniSvneloba aqvs mSoblisa <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis<br />

urTierTobas;<br />

ra strategiebs un<strong>da</strong> mimarTos maswavlebelma<br />

mSoblebTan TanamSromlobiTi urTierTobebis <strong>da</strong>samyareblad;<br />

ra movaleobebi ekisrebaT mSoblebs <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesSi<br />

monawileobisas;<br />

ra mniSvneloba aqvs mSoblis saskolo cxovrebaSi<br />

CarTulobas.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. ras gulisxmobs mSoblebTan kargi komunikacia<br />

2. <strong>da</strong>asaxeleT komunikaciis ramdenime efeqturi strategia,<br />

romelsac mSoblebTan urTierTobisas iyenebT;<br />

3. <strong>da</strong>asaxeleT saskolo RonisZiebebi, romlebSic SesaZlebelia<br />

mSoblebis CarTva;<br />

4. ra wesebi un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>icvaT saskolo RonisZiebebSi mSoblebis<br />

CarTvisas<br />

5. ra xerxs mimarTavT, roca mSobeli ukmayofiloa bavSvis<br />

akademiuri miRwevebiT<br />

7. ra xerxs un<strong>da</strong> mimarToT, roca mSobeli ar aris aqtiuri<br />

<strong>da</strong> Svilis saganmanaTleblo procesSi saerTod ar iRebs<br />

monawileobas<br />

8. ra roli ekisreba mSobels bavSvis mier disciplinis<br />

<strong>da</strong>rRvevis SemTxvevaSi<br />

129

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*****<br />

mSoblisa <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis kargi urTierToba xels uwyobs<br />

moswavlis warmatebas, zrdis <strong>da</strong> aZlierebs mis TviTSefasebas.<br />

Tu bavSvma icis, rom mSobeli <strong>da</strong>interesebulia Svilis akademiuri<br />

warmatebiT, es <strong>da</strong>debiTad moqmedebs mis motivaciaze. skolam<br />

un<strong>da</strong> uzrunvelyos mSoblis ufleba, rom periodulad miiRos<br />

axali monacemebi bavSvis akademiuri moswrebisa Tu qcevis<br />

Sesaxeb. agreTve im moTxovnebis Sesaxeb, romlis <strong>da</strong>kmayofilebac<br />

bavSvs swavlis procesis gasaumjobeseblad sWirdeba.<br />

kargi komunikaciis unari warmatebuli urTierTobis winapirobaa.<br />

komunikaciis waxalisebis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva xerxi arsebobs.<br />

umjobesia, maswavlebelma amaze <strong>saswavlo</strong> wlis <strong>da</strong>sawyisi<strong>da</strong>nve<br />

izrunos. acnobeT mSoblebs momavali saklaso RonisZiebebis,<br />

saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebebis Sesrulebis xarisxis, Tqveni molodinisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> klasis organizebis sakiTxebis Sesaxeb.<br />

yovelTvis gaacaniT mSoblebs bavSvis <strong>da</strong>debiTi Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi.<br />

es saSualebas miscems maT, rom Seaqon bavSvi. amiT ki bavSvs<br />

TviTSefaseba aumaRldeba.<br />

situacia 1.<br />

levani Zalian bevrs muSaobs,magram misi akademiuri moswreba<br />

<strong>da</strong>balia.<br />

gTavazobT aRniSnuli situaciis or SesaZlo gagrZelebas.<br />

1. maswavlebeli levans eubneba, rom man ufro meti<br />

un<strong>da</strong> imuSaos, raTa misi moswreba sxva moswavleebis moswrebas<br />

gautoldes. maswavlebeli mas werils atans<br />

mSoblebTan. werilis Sinaarsi ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d levanis<br />

uSedego mcdelobasa <strong>da</strong> Sromas exeba. werilma mSoblebi<br />

<strong>da</strong>afiqra, maT levans usayvedures <strong>da</strong> urCies, rom ufro<br />

meti imuSaos.<br />

2. maswavlebeli werilSi xazs usvams levanis karg<br />

samuSao Cvevebsa <strong>da</strong> qcevas klasSi, Tumca paralelurad<br />

saubrobs mis problemazec. mSoblebs eamayebaT bavSvis<br />

sibejiTe <strong>da</strong> am saimayis mizezs masac uziareben. meore<br />

dRes gakveTilze <strong>da</strong>brunebuli levani bednieria <strong>da</strong> maswavlebels<br />

eubneba, rom mSoblebi gaxarebulebi arian<br />

misi miRwevebiT.<br />

130

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pirvel magaliTSi, werili <strong>da</strong>mTrgunveli aRmoCn<strong>da</strong> rogorc<br />

mSoblebis aseve levanisTvis. meore magaliTSi, mSoblebmac <strong>da</strong><br />

pe<strong>da</strong>gogmac ician levanis akademiuri sisustis Sesaxeb, magram<br />

orive mxare erTad muSaobs mis wasaxaliseblad <strong>da</strong> motivaciis<br />

kidev ufro asamaRleblad. TiTqos didi araferi gaukeTebia<br />

maswavlebels. man mxolod werili gaugzavna mSoblebs <strong>da</strong><br />

misi kargi muSaobis Cveva Seafasa. magram misi Sromis aRiareba<br />

<strong>da</strong>debiTad imoqmedebs levanze <strong>da</strong> mis motivacias ufro aamaRlebs.<br />

problemis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi aucileblad CaayeneT saqmis<br />

kursSi mSoblebi. <strong>da</strong>ukavSirdiT maT problemis gamwvavebamde.<br />

mSobelze uaryofiTad moqmedebs, roca xe<strong>da</strong>vs, rom problema<br />

didi xania arsebobs <strong>da</strong> man amis Sesaxeb araferi icis.<br />

wlis ganmavlobaSi ramdenjerme moiwvieT mSoblebi bavSvis<br />

miRwevebis gansaxilvelad. xSirad gaugzavneT werili <strong>da</strong> auxseniT<br />

Tqveni sagnis miznebi, ZiriTadi amocanebi, bavSvis problemebi<br />

<strong>da</strong> miRwevebi.<br />

kargad Camoyalibebuli komunikacia Zalian mniSvnelovania<br />

mSoblisa <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis urTierTobaSi. mSobelTan pirispir<br />

saubari urTierTobis awyobis erT-erTi efeqturi formaa, radgan<br />

es safuZvlad <strong>da</strong>edeba erTobliv muSaobas saerTo miznis<br />

misaRwevad. mSobelTan Sexvedris warmatebulad warmarTvisTvis<br />

mizanSewonilia ramdenime aucilebeli wesis <strong>da</strong>cva.<br />

magaliTad, sasurvelia, Tu gamorTavT mobilur telefons, an<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>iyvanT Cum reJimSi. amiT xazi gaesmeba Tqveni saubris mniSvnelobas<br />

<strong>da</strong> mSoblis mimarT pativiscemas. saubrisTvis air-<br />

CieT iseTi oTaxi, sa<strong>da</strong>c SegiZliaT kari CaketoT. amiT<br />

<strong>da</strong>anaxebT, rom Tqveni saubari konfidencialuria <strong>da</strong> xels<br />

SeuwyobT gulwrfeli, uSualo <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebis gaCenas. yovelTvis<br />

gulTbilad SexvdiT mSobels. organizebuloba Sexvedras<br />

ufros saqmian elfers SesZens. winaswar moamzadeT gansaxilveli<br />

sakiTxebis CamonaTvali <strong>da</strong>, Tu konkretuli <strong>da</strong>valebis<br />

Sesruleba an saxelmZRvanelos aTviseba uZneldeba moswavles,<br />

Tan iqonieT es naSromi an saxelmZRvanelo. moswavlis naSromis<br />

gamoyeneba kargi saSualebaa problemis naTlad demonstrirebisTvis.<br />

mSobelma un<strong>da</strong> igrZnos, rom Tqven emzadebodiT masTan Sesaxvedrad.<br />

Tu mSobeli nerviulobs, SegiZliaT sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva xerxs<br />

mimarToT, raTa man Tavi ufro Tavisuflad igrZnos. magali-<br />

131

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Tad, SegiZliaT oriveni moswavlis magi<strong>da</strong>sTan <strong>da</strong>sxdeT sasaubrod.<br />

Tu erT-erTi mosaubre nerviulobs <strong>da</strong> mosaubreebs Soris<br />

rame barieria, magaliTad, magi<strong>da</strong>, es undoblobis moments ufro<br />

zrdis. amitom, umjobesi iqneba, mSobelTan Tanabari pozicia<br />

<strong>da</strong>ikavoT. sasurveli iqneba, Tu saubris <strong>da</strong>sawyisSive agrZnobinebT<br />

bavSvis mimarT Tqvens mzrunvelobasa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>debiT <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebas.<br />

problemis wamoWramde mokled SeajameT moswavlis<br />

Zlieri mxareebi. mSobels,ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, eamayeba Svilis miRwevebi.<br />

roca maswavlebeli saubars sayveduriT <strong>da</strong> SeniSvniT iwyebs,<br />

Sexvedris toni ormxivad Tav<strong>da</strong>cviTi xdeba. mSobeli SesaZloa<br />

<strong>da</strong>eWvdes misi Svilisadmi Tqvens keTilganwyobaSi. gaxsovdeT,<br />

rom moswavleebi, celqebi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>umorCileblebi, viRacis sayvareli<br />

Svilebi arian. mSoblebi modian im imediT, rom Svilis<br />

warmatebebsa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>debiT mxareebze moismenen informacias. Tqven<br />

un<strong>da</strong> agrZnobinoT, rom keTilganwyobili xarT <strong>da</strong> zrunavT moswavlis<br />

<strong>da</strong>debiTi unarebis ganviTarebaze.<br />

yuradRebiT mousmineT mSobels. mxedvelobaSi miiReT maTi<br />

problemebi. magaliTad, SeiZleba man SemogCivloT, rom uWirs<br />

drois gamoZebna imisTvis, rom Svils wigni akiTxos. am situaciaSi<br />

SeiZleba upasuxoT: `me vici, rom rTulia drois gamonaxva.<br />

iqneb scadoT <strong>da</strong> sTxovoT bavSvs, xmamaRla waikiTxos, sanam<br />

Tqven sadils amzadebT”. aseTi pasuxi agrZnobinebs mSobels,<br />

rom Tqven <strong>ge</strong>smiT misi <strong>da</strong> cdilobT, <strong>da</strong>exmaroT problebis ga<strong>da</strong>WraSi.<br />

ecadeT,Sexvedrisas sasaubrod meti dro <strong>da</strong>uTmoT mSoblebs.<br />

<strong>da</strong>uxateT konkretuli situacia <strong>da</strong> rCevac hkiTxeT. amiT xazs<br />

gausvamT maT kompetenturobas <strong>da</strong> xels SeuwyobT TanamSromlobiTi<br />

urTierTobis ganmtkicebas. mSoblebs gansakuTrebiT ainteresebT<br />

konkretuli detalebi <strong>da</strong> TiTqmis yovelTvis eqnebaT<br />

kiTxvebis <strong>da</strong>smis <strong>da</strong> wuxilis gamoTqmis survili.<br />

mSobelTan saubris dros moiyvaneT konkretuli magaliTebi<br />

moswavlis miRwevebis an qcevis <strong>da</strong>saxasiaTeblad. Tavi aarideT calsaxa<br />

<strong>da</strong>xasiaTebas,magaliTad, `<strong>da</strong>To sustia maTematikaSi~. amis nacvlad<br />

moiyvaneT konkretuli magaliTi: `wina kviraSi <strong>da</strong>Tos Zalian<br />

gauWir<strong>da</strong> orniSna ricxvebis Sekreba <strong>da</strong> ver moaxerxa <strong>da</strong>valebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>sruleba~. <strong>da</strong>anaxeT mSobels, rom Tqven konkretul problemas<br />

ebrZviT <strong>da</strong> ara bavSvs.<br />

nu <strong>da</strong>utovebT mSobels STabeWdilebas, rom Tavs axvevT Tqvens<br />

azrs. misTvis cxadi un<strong>da</strong> iyos, rom masTan erTad cdilobT problemis<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>Wras. `Tqven un<strong>da</strong> aiZuloT <strong>da</strong>To, rom meti imuSaos saRamoobiT~,-<br />

amis nacvlad, umjobesi iqneba, ase mimarToT: `Tqveni naTq-<br />

132

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vami<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, vfiqrob, upriani xom ar iqneba, <strong>da</strong>Tos yovel<br />

saRamos <strong>da</strong>matebiT 10 wuTi axali sityvebisTvis rom <strong>da</strong>eTmo~<br />

problemis gamwvavebis SemTxvevaSic ki Tavi SeikaveT mSoblis<br />

<strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>naSaulebisgan. es Sedegs ar mogitanT, mSobels Tav<strong>da</strong>cviT<br />

poziciaSi ga<strong>da</strong>iyvans <strong>da</strong>, SesaZloa, aRarc mogisminoT.<br />

SeecadeT, ar gamoiyenoT pe<strong>da</strong>gogiuri terminologia. ilaparakeT<br />

martivi <strong>da</strong> yvelasTvis gasa<strong>ge</strong>bi eniT. Tu azris gadmosacemad<br />

romelime pe<strong>da</strong>gogiuri Teoriis moSvelieba gWirdebaT,<br />

SeecadeT, gasa<strong>ge</strong>b enaze axsnaT.<br />

<strong>da</strong>asruleT saubari imedismomcem <strong>da</strong> pozitiur notaze.<br />

<strong>da</strong>saxeT miznebi. SeajameT, rogor SeuZlia mSobels <strong>da</strong>xmarebis<br />

gaweva. axseneT Semdgomi <strong>ge</strong>gmebi. gaa<strong>ge</strong>bineT mSobels, rom misi<br />

mxar<strong>da</strong>Wera saWiro <strong>da</strong> aucilebelia.<br />

Tu mSobels moswavlis disciplinuri problemis gamo<br />

ibarebT, mniSvnelovania garkveuli strategiis SemuSaveba. erTerT<br />

strategiad SeiZleba qcevis aRwera CaiTvalos.<br />

situacia 2.<br />

goga niWieri bavSvia <strong>da</strong> gansakuTrebiT xelmokle ojax-<br />

Si izrdeba. maswavlebelma gaigo, rom is sxva bavSvebs paravs<br />

fuls, fanqrebs <strong>da</strong> sxva wvrilman nivTebs. erT dRes fanqris<br />

saTleli, romelic sxva moswavles ekuTvno<strong>da</strong>, gogas CanTi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

gadmovar<strong>da</strong>.<br />

gTavazobT aRniSnuli situaciis sam SesaZlo <strong>da</strong>sasruls.<br />

1. am incidentze klasma Tvali <strong>da</strong>xuWa, radgan yvelam<br />

icis, rom gogas ojaxi Zalian xelmoklea <strong>da</strong><br />

amitom ga<strong>da</strong>wyvites, ar SeemCniaT. saTleli moswavles<br />

<strong>da</strong>ubrunes. es ambavi arc gogas mSoblebs Seatyobines.<br />

2. goga galanZRes klasis winaSe <strong>da</strong> aiZules eTqva,<br />

rom aRarasodes iqurdeb<strong>da</strong>. mSoblebi <strong>da</strong>ibares <strong>da</strong><br />

uTxres, rom raRac un<strong>da</strong> iRonon, radgan bavSvs aSkarad<br />

problema aqvs. mSoblebi ver ijereben <strong>da</strong> fiqroben, rom<br />

maswavlebelma Secdoma <strong>da</strong>uSva. aman mSobelsa <strong>da</strong> maswavlebels<br />

Soris urTierToba Zalian <strong>da</strong>Zaba. mSoblebs<br />

<strong>da</strong>rCaT STabeWdileba, rom maswavlebeli gogas mu<strong>da</strong>m<br />

aviwrovebs.<br />

133

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134<br />

3. maswavlebeli gakveTilis Semdeg <strong>da</strong>elaparaka gogas<br />

<strong>da</strong> mSvi<strong>da</strong>d hkiTxa, ratom moipara saTleli. gogam<br />

Tqva, rom mas undo<strong>da</strong> es nivTebi, magram mis ojaxs ar<br />

hqon<strong>da</strong> fuli. maswavlebelma TanaugrZno, magram auxsna,<br />

ratom ar iyo am nivTebis miRebis swori gza qurdoba.<br />

goga gaafrTxiles, rom qurdobis gameorebis SemTxveva-<br />

Si, mis mSoblebs Seatyobinebdnen. ramdenime dRis Semdeg<br />

isev gaqra ramdenime nivTi. <strong>da</strong>karguli nivTebi gogas<br />

nivTebSi i poves. maswavlebelma uTxra gogas, rom is<br />

Zalian uyvars <strong>da</strong> Tvlis, rom Zalian didi potenciali<br />

aqvs, magram am meore SemTxvevis gamo iZulebulia,<br />

mSoblebs Seatyobinos. gogas mSoblebi movidnen.<br />

mSoblebTan saubris <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi maswavlebelma ganixila<br />

gogas miRwevebi <strong>da</strong> mxolod Semdeg ganixila problemuri<br />

situacia. man aCvena ramdenime moparuli nivTi. Tav<strong>da</strong>pirvelad<br />

gogas de<strong>da</strong> acxadeb<strong>da</strong>, rom ar SeiZlebo<strong>da</strong><br />

amis Camdeni misi Svili yofiliyo. Semdeg gogas sTxoves,<br />

Semosuliyo. gogas de<strong>da</strong>m hkiTxa, moipara Tu ara es<br />

nivTebi. gogam aRiara. amis Semdeg mSoblebma, moswavlem<br />

<strong>da</strong> maswavlebelma erTad ganixiles, ra zomebs miiRebdnen<br />

qurdobis ganmeorebiT Cadenis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asacileblad,<br />

an Cadenis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

pirveli midgoma bavSvs arafriT exmareba. qurdobis Cvevis<br />

gamomuSaveba arc misTvisaa kargi <strong>da</strong> arc sazogadoebisTvis.<br />

problemis aseTi saxiT ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta mSoblebsac ar aZlevs sa-<br />

Sualebas, auxsnan bavSvs, ratom aris qurdoba cudi. meore variantic<br />

uSedegoa, radgan bavSvis sxvebis winaSe Seuracxyofa<br />

bavSvis TviTSefasebaze cu<strong>da</strong>d imoqmedebs <strong>da</strong> mas TanatolebSi<br />

undoblobisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>cinvis obieqtad aqcevs. <strong>mes</strong>ame midgoma, ra<br />

Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, yvelaze Sedegiania. am SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli<br />

cdilobs problemis ga<strong>da</strong>Wras jer meore Sansis micemiT <strong>da</strong><br />

bavSvTan qurdobis mizezis ganxilviT. roca situacia meordeba,<br />

mSoblebs mxolod maSin iwvevs <strong>da</strong> uxsnis, ra zomebi miiRo<br />

pirvel SemTxvevaSi <strong>da</strong> qurdobis <strong>da</strong>matkicebeli sabuTic<br />

mohyavs. is, aseve, maqsimalurad eca<strong>da</strong>, gaekritikebina <strong>da</strong>naSauli<br />

<strong>da</strong> ara bavSvi. man isaubra gogas sxva pirovnuli Rirsebebis<br />

Sesaxeb, magram gaakritika <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>gmo qurdoba. yvelaze mniSvnelovani<br />

ki isaa, rom man SeZlo problemis mSoblebisTvis<br />

iseTi formiT miwodeba, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes problemis<br />

erToblivad ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta.

---

mSobeli movalea, akontrolos gakveTilebze bavSvis yoveldRiuri<br />

<strong>da</strong>swreba. moswavlis saganmanaTleblo procesi mxolod<br />

misi skolaSi yofniT ar Semoifargleba. igi, Cveulebriv,<br />

saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebebsa <strong>da</strong> sxva <strong>da</strong>matebiT aqtivobebsac moicavs,<br />

romelTa warmatebiT ganxorcielebac xSirad swored mSoblebzea<br />

<strong>da</strong>mokidebuli.<br />

situacia 3.<br />

irakli skoli<strong>da</strong>n brundeba. inglisurSi <strong>da</strong>valebad<br />

mokle moTxrobis wakiTxva <strong>da</strong> misi erTgverdiani Sinaarsi<br />

aqvs <strong>da</strong>saweri. iraklis sakmaod uWirs inglisuris swavla.<br />

saxlSi de<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesrulebas sTxovs.<br />

aRniSnuli situacia SeiZleba ornairad ganviTardes:<br />

1. erTaderTi magi<strong>da</strong>, romelTanac iraklis Seu-<br />

Zlia muSaoba, saerTo oTaxSia. bebia serials uyurebs<br />

<strong>da</strong> iraklis televizoris xmauri xels uSlis. umcrosi<br />

Zmac xmauriT <strong>da</strong>rbis saxlSi. irakli mTeli saaTi zis<br />

<strong>da</strong> cdilobs, moTxroba waikiTxos, magram erTi <strong>da</strong> imave<br />

abzacis wakiTxva bevrjer uwevs imis gamo, rom ver<br />

axerxebs yuradRebis koncentracias. bolos ga<strong>da</strong>wyvets,<br />

rom Tavi <strong>da</strong>anebos <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesrulebas.<br />

2. irakli eubneba de<strong>da</strong>s, rom saerTo oTaxSi xmauris<br />

gamo ar SeuZlia <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesruleba. de<strong>da</strong> patara<br />

magi<strong>da</strong>s poulobs <strong>da</strong> iraklis oTaxSi dgams, xuravs kars<br />

<strong>da</strong> umcros Svils ari<strong>ge</strong>bs, rom oTaxSi ar Sevides, vidre<br />

misi Zma <strong>da</strong>valebas ar Seasrulebs. irakli moTxrobis<br />

kiTxvas 45 wuTSi amTavrebs <strong>da</strong> Sinaarsi TiTqmis gasa<strong>ge</strong>bia.<br />

mas ukve SeuZlia <strong>da</strong>weros Txzuleba <strong>da</strong> meore dRes<br />

maswavlebels aCvenos <strong>da</strong>valeba.<br />

meore scenari ukeTesi magaliTia. moswavlisaTvis mSvidi <strong>garemo</strong>s<br />

Seqmna <strong>da</strong>valebis Sesrulebis aucilebeli pirobaa. mSoblis<br />

Carevis gareSe iraklis <strong>da</strong>valeba Sesasrulebeli <strong>da</strong>rCebo<strong>da</strong>.<br />

135

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mSoblebma SeiZleba aqtiuri roli iTamaSon saerTo saskolo<br />

problemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetaSi, Tanxebisa <strong>da</strong> sxva saWiro resursebis<br />

moZiebaSi. skolam un<strong>da</strong> uzrunvelyos mSoblis ufleba, pira<strong>da</strong>d<br />

an arCeuli warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlis meSveobiT, monawileoba miiRos<br />

skolis marTvaSi. skolis cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monawileobis<br />

misaRebad, mSobels yovelTvis SeuZlia gamoiTxovos skolaSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>culi nebismieri sajaro informacia.<br />

skolis marTvaSi an saskolo RonisZiebebSi mSoblis CarTvis<br />

ramdenime gza arsebobs. mniSvnelovania, rom mSoblebi<br />

erTiandebian skolis sameurveo sabWoSi, romelic skolis<br />

TviTmmarTvelobis umaRlesi arCeviTi organoa. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa,<br />

mSoblebs ufleba aqvT, Camoayalibon organizacia <strong>da</strong> skolam<br />

pativi un<strong>da</strong> sces maT ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebas. agreTve skola ar un<strong>da</strong><br />

Caerios mSobelTa gaerTianebis saqmianobaSi.<br />

yvela skolaSi moiZebneba Zalian aqtiuri mSoblebi, magram<br />

skolis mimarT naklebad keTilganwyobili mSoblebis CarTvis<br />

mcdelobac SeiZleba Sedegiani aRmoCndes. dedebi,mamebi,bebia <strong>da</strong><br />

babua SegiZliaT moxaliseebad CarToT saskolo RonisZiebebSi.<br />

es bavSvis swavlisadmi interesis demonstrirebas axdens <strong>da</strong><br />

moswavlis TviTSefasebas amaRlebs. mSoblis saskolo cxovrebaSi<br />

CarTvam bavSvis akademiuri SesaZleblobebic ki SeiZleba<br />

gaaumjobesos. ganaTleba aris procesi, romelic moicavs Tanam-<br />

Sromlobas skolas, moswavleebsa <strong>da</strong> mSoblebs Soris.<br />

SegiZliaT <strong>da</strong>ubrundeT am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi mocemul kiTxvebs<br />

<strong>da</strong> upasuxoT maT.<br />

136

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ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis efeqturad warmarTvisTvis<br />

didi mniSvneloba aqvs mSobelsa <strong>da</strong> maswavlebels Soris<br />

TanamSromlobiT urTierTobas;<br />

• maswavlebels, efeqtiani strategiebis gamoyenebiT,<br />

SeuZlia waaxalisos mSoblebi <strong>da</strong> CarTos isini <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

procesSi;<br />

• saubrisas, sasurvelia, jer <strong>da</strong>arwmunoT mSobeli,<br />

rom keTilganwyobili xarT misi Svilis mimarT <strong>da</strong><br />

mxolod amis Semdeg ga<strong>da</strong>xvideT problemur sakiTxze;<br />

• gaxsovdeT, rom xSirad mSoblis saskolo cxovrebaSi<br />

saTanado CarTuloba <strong>da</strong>debiT gavlenas axdens<br />

bavSvis motivaciis amaRlebaze.<br />

137

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TanamSromlebTan urTierToba<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ramdenad mniSvnelovania keTilganwyobili samuSao<br />

urTierToba skolis personalTan (direqtori, maswavlebeli<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxva);<br />

ra un<strong>da</strong> gaiTvaliswinos pe<strong>da</strong>gogma konfliqtur <strong>da</strong><br />

problemur situaciebSi;<br />

ramdenad gansazRvravs TanamSromlebTan urTierTobis<br />

formebi pe<strong>da</strong>gogis profesionalizms.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. ras gulisxmobs keTilganwyobili <strong>profesiuli</strong> urTier-<br />

Toba<br />

2. kole<strong>ge</strong>bTan konfliqtis ga<strong>da</strong>Wris ra strategiebi arsebobs<br />

3. ramdenad detalurad un<strong>da</strong> icnobdes direqtori skolaSi<br />

arsebul situacias <strong>da</strong> mimdinare procesebs<br />

4. ratom aris mniSvnelovani konfidencialobis <strong>da</strong>cva saskolo<br />

<strong>garemo</strong>Si<br />

138

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*****<br />

TanamSromlebsa <strong>da</strong> skolis sxva personals Soris keTilganwyobili<br />

TanamSromlobiTi urTierToba maswavleblebisa Tu<br />

moswavleebisTvis pozitiuri <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>s Seqmnis winapirobaa.<br />

maswavleblebs Soris uaryofiTma <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebam<br />

SeiZleba ziani miayenos moswavlis miRwevebs <strong>da</strong> xeli SeuSalos<br />

xarisxiani <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis warmarTvas. skolis<br />

saerTo warmateba keTilganwyobil/TanamSromlobiT profesiul<br />

urTierTobazea <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli. erTi Zveli iaponuri an<strong>da</strong>za<br />

ambobs: `arc erTi Cvengani ar aris iseTi gonieri, rogorc<br />

Cven yvelani erTad~. erTad muSaoba samuSaos <strong>da</strong>tvirTvas amsubuqebs.<br />

maswavleblis erT-erTi movaleobaa, aRiaros <strong>da</strong> pativi<br />

sces TanamSromelTa uflebebs. sasurvelia, Tu pativiscema<br />

139

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aisaxeba rogorc uSualod qmedebaSi (mag. <strong>da</strong>xmarebis gaweva),<br />

aseve sasaubro leqsikaSi.<br />

pe<strong>da</strong>gogma yovelTvis un<strong>da</strong> gamoiCinos profesionalizmi. es,<br />

Sesabamis codnasTan erTad,gulisxmobs misabaZ qcevas skolaSi<br />

<strong>da</strong> mis kedlebs gareT, Sesaferis Cacmis stils, mzaobas axali<br />

ideebisTvis, samarTlian <strong>da</strong> seriozul <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebas saqmianobaSi<br />

<strong>da</strong> konfidencialobis <strong>da</strong>cvas bavSvebTan, mSoblebTan<br />

<strong>da</strong> kole<strong>ge</strong>bTan urTierTobaSi.<br />

ix. II -<br />

gv. 124;<br />

132<br />

maswavlebeli aqtiurad un<strong>da</strong> iyos CarTuli<br />

skolis <strong>profesiuli</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>s Seqmnasa <strong>da</strong> SenarCunebaSi.<br />

saamisod saWiroa komunikaciis garkveuli<br />

strategiebis codna. Tu TanamSromelTan urTierTobaSi<br />

mainc gaCndeba konfliqturi situacia,<br />

maswavlebelma problemis mogvareba mxolod<br />

masTan, sxva TanamSromlebisgan <strong>da</strong>moukideblad<br />

un<strong>da</strong> SeZlos. konfidencialobis <strong>da</strong>cva xels Seuwyobs<br />

SemdgomSi urTierTobis gamosworebas.<br />

situacia 1<br />

mariami skolaSi 7 weli muSaob<strong>da</strong>. Teona ori wlis win<br />

movi<strong>da</strong>. maT Soris konfliqti saklaso oTaxTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT<br />

wamoiWra. orive pe<strong>da</strong>gogs erTi <strong>da</strong> imave saklaso oTaxis<br />

gamoyeneba uwev<strong>da</strong>T, oRond sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saaTebSi. mariamma <strong>da</strong>inaxa,<br />

rom Teonas masalebi misTvis gankuTvnil sivrceze mets ikaveb<strong>da</strong>.<br />

gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, sxva pe<strong>da</strong>gogisgan gaigo, rom Teona mas sxva<br />

maswavleblebTan cu<strong>da</strong>d moixsenieb<strong>da</strong>.<br />

situacia SeiZleba ori mimarTulebiT ganviTarebuliyo:<br />

1. mariami Sedis samaswavlebloSi <strong>da</strong> Teonas-<br />

Tan saklaso oTaxis problemis ganxilvas iwyebs. Teona<br />

icinis <strong>da</strong> eubneba, rom zedmetad wuxs am sakiTxze.<br />

mariams es kidev ufro abrazebs <strong>da</strong> xmas uwevs. saubari<br />

nel-nela emsgavseba yvirils. pasuxad Teonac uwevs xmas<br />

<strong>da</strong> axla saklaso oTaxis sivrcis irgvliv warmoWrili<br />

problema samaswavlebloSi cxared ganixileba.<br />

140

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moswavleebi oTaxs Cauvlian, Cerdebian <strong>da</strong> sanaZleos deben<br />

imaze, Tu romeli maswavlebeli gaimarjvebs.<br />

2. mariami <strong>da</strong>ukavSir<strong>da</strong> direqtors <strong>da</strong> sTxova, rom<br />

Sexvedro<strong>da</strong> mas <strong>da</strong> Teonas am sakiTxis erTxel <strong>da</strong> samu<strong>da</strong>mod<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>sawyvetad. direqtorTan saubris Semdeg mariami<br />

<strong>da</strong> Teona sxva klasebSi,sxva pe<strong>da</strong>go<strong>ge</strong>bTan ga<strong>da</strong>anawiles.<br />

direqtorma Seaxsena Teonas, rom maTi problemis sxva<br />

pe<strong>da</strong>go<strong>ge</strong>bTan ganxilva ar moaxden<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>debiT gavlenas<br />

saerTo <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>garemo</strong>ze.<br />

meore scenarSi problemis ukeTesad ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetis gzaa mocemuli.<br />

pe<strong>da</strong>gogi mibaZvis obieqtia <strong>da</strong> nebismier situaciaSi<br />

mas Tav<strong>da</strong>Weriloba marTebs. kole<strong>ge</strong>bs Soris gaCenili konfliqturi<br />

situacia (Tun<strong>da</strong>c Zalian umniSvnelo), sasurvelia, maT<br />

Soris mogvardes <strong>da</strong> ar gaxdes saerTo diskusiis sagani.<br />

direqtori ze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelobas uwevs skolaSi mimdinare <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

aRmzrdelobiT process. is aris sazogadoebasa <strong>da</strong> skolas<br />

Soris makavSirebeli rgoli <strong>da</strong> skolis saxeliT moqmedebs<br />

skolis gareSe pirebTan urTierTobaSi. amitom aris<br />

mniSvnelovani misTvis skolaSi mimdinare yvela saWirboroto<br />

sakiTxis Sesaxeb informaciis floba. es exeba konfliqtebs moswavleebTan<br />

Tu mSoblebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul problemebs,<strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

<strong>ge</strong>gmis sirTuleebs Tu nebismier sxva winaaRmdegobas, romelic<br />

maswavlebels Tavisi samuSaos SesrulebaSi uSlis xels. es<br />

yovelive sruliad ar niSnavs imas, rom direqtori TiToeuli<br />

maswavleblis yoveldRiur saqmianobasa Tu sagakveTilo procesSi<br />

aqtiurad un<strong>da</strong> iyos Cabmuli.<br />

warmatebuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesi gulisxmobs, rom skolis<br />

xelmZRvaneloba <strong>da</strong>rwmunebulia pe<strong>da</strong>gogis profesionalizmSi,<br />

keTilsindisierebasa <strong>da</strong> erTgulebaSi. efeqturi muSaobisTvis<br />

<strong>da</strong>debiTi Sedegis momtania skolis xelmZRvanel organoebTan<br />

aqtiuri TanamSromloba <strong>da</strong> maTi azris gaziareba.<br />

sasurvelia, rom direqtorma an sameurveo sabWos warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nelma<br />

icodes Tqven mier gatarebuli RonisZiebebisa <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>ge</strong>gmebis Sesaxeb. xSirad maswavleblebis Secdoma isaa, rom<br />

administracias mxolod problemis gamwvavebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

awvdian informacias. aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos isic, rom<br />

gar<strong>da</strong> problemuri situaciebisa, administracia pozitiur mov-<br />

141

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lenebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiTac un<strong>da</strong> CaayenoT saqmis kursSi. yovelive<br />

zemoaRniSnuli sruliad ar niSnavs imas, rom yvela problemis<br />

wamoWrisas administraciis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nels un<strong>da</strong> uxmoT. es<br />

mxolod imis mimaniSnebeli iqneba, rom Tqven ver marTavT sagakveTilo<br />

processa <strong>da</strong> Tqveni moswavleebis qcevas. Tu saqme<br />

umniSvnelo qceviT problemas exeba, sasurveli iqneba, Tu am<br />

problemis mogvarebis ramdenime strategias Tqveni skolis im<br />

maswavlebelTan ganixilavT, romelic klass ukeT akontrolebs.<br />

situacia 2.<br />

miSas maRali akademiuri moswreba aqvs, magram xSirad<br />

gakveTilze yuradRebas celqobiT iqcevs. roca grZnobs, rom<br />

maswavlebeli ar uyurebs, Tavisi merxi<strong>da</strong>n qaRalds sxva bavSvebs<br />

esvris. rodesac pe<strong>da</strong>gogi am saqcielis gamo kicxavs, bavSvebi<br />

icinian <strong>da</strong> es miSas ufro meti celqobisken ubiZ<strong>ge</strong>bs. maswavlebelma<br />

yvelaferi sca<strong>da</strong>, magram uSedegod. rogor fiqrobT,<br />

ra nabiji un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>dgas man<br />

miSas maswavlebels SeuZlia, qvemoT mocemuli variantebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

romelime airCios:<br />

1. SeuZlia miSa direqtorTan waiyvanos <strong>da</strong> kategoriulad<br />

moiTxovos misi <strong>da</strong>sja.<br />

2. SeuZlia kolegas mimarTos rCevis misaRebad.<br />

im maswavleblebs, romelTac warsulSi msgavs moswavleebTan<br />

mouwiaT muSaoba, kargi rCevis mocema SeuZliaT. aseTi saxis<br />

problemebSi skolis administraciis Careva araa sasurveli.<br />

Tumca, Tu aucilebeli xdeba ojaxTan <strong>da</strong>kavSireba an mkacri<br />

disciplinuri zomebis miReba, umjobesia direqtori CaayenoT<br />

saqmis kursSi.<br />

direqtoris erT-erTi movaleoba TanamSromelTa muSaobis<br />

ze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelobaa. xSirad es sagakveTilo procesis mar-<br />

TvasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul komentarebs gulisxmobs. sasurvelia,<br />

rom misi SeniSvna swavlebis stilsa Tu profesiul Cvevebze,<br />

<strong>da</strong>debiTad miiRoT. <strong>profesiuli</strong> zrdis erT-erTi winapiroba<br />

swored cvlilebisTvis mzaobaa.<br />

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situacia 3.<br />

direqtori maias Tavis kabinetSi uxmobs <strong>mes</strong>ame klasTan<br />

<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad. igi ramdenime dRiT<br />

adre <strong>da</strong>akvir<strong>da</strong> maias gakveTils. direqtorma SeniSna, rom maia<br />

kargad flobs im sagans, romelsac aswavlis <strong>da</strong> moswavleebsac<br />

moswonT igi. magram man aseve aRniSna, rom gakveTilis dros<br />

bevri moswavle Tavis merxTan ar ij<strong>da</strong>. isini saubrobdnen, maswavlebels<br />

ar usmendnen <strong>da</strong> sxva saqmiT iyvnen <strong>da</strong>kavebulebi.<br />

saerTo situacia qaosuri iyo. man hkiTxa maias, rogor SeiZlebo<strong>da</strong><br />

klasis ukeT marTva.<br />

qvemoT moviyvanT maias SesaZlo reagirebis ramdenime variants:<br />

1. maiam uTxra direqtors, rom is mxolod erT<br />

gakveTils <strong>da</strong>akvir<strong>da</strong>. zoga<strong>da</strong>d ki mas klasis kontroli<br />

araCveulebrivad gamosdis. sinamdvileSi bavSvebis ase-<br />

Ti qcevis mizezi gverdiT klasi<strong>da</strong>n Semosuli xmauri<br />

iyo. im klasis bavSvebi xom mu<strong>da</strong>m derefanSi arian <strong>da</strong><br />

xmauroben.<br />

2. maiam aRiara, rom qcevis marTva sakmaod uWirs. man<br />

direqtors auxsna Tavisi mosazrebebi problemis mogvarebasTan<br />

<strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT. misi azriT, sxva maswavlebels,<br />

romelsac klasis kontroli kargad gamosdis,rCevisTvis<br />

un<strong>da</strong> mimarTos <strong>da</strong> kargi iqneba, Tu direqtori miawvdis<br />

mas rame strategias praqtikaSi gansaxorcieleblad.<br />

meore varianti, ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, ukeTesia. maias pasuxi direqtors<br />

uCvenebs, rom man sworad gaigo SeniSvna <strong>da</strong> misi reaqciac<br />

cvlilebisTvis mzaobaze miuTiTebs. pirvel variantSi<br />

maiam Tav<strong>da</strong>cva sca<strong>da</strong>. igi Seeca<strong>da</strong> problemis uaryofas <strong>da</strong><br />

sxvis <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>naSaulebas <strong>da</strong> arc problemis mogvarebis interesi<br />

gamoxata.<br />

skolas,gar<strong>da</strong> pe<strong>da</strong>go<strong>ge</strong>bisa,sxva personalic sWirdeba <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

procesis samarTavad: fsiqologi, socialuri muSaki, samedicino<br />

personali, biblioTekari, mdivani, <strong>da</strong>mla<strong>ge</strong>beli <strong>da</strong> sxva.<br />

fsiqolo<strong>ge</strong>bi <strong>da</strong> socialuri muSakebi im bavSvebTan muSaoben,<br />

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omelTac gansakuTrebuli yuradReba sWirdebaT <strong>da</strong> pe<strong>da</strong>gogis<br />

<strong>da</strong>xmarebis gareSe bavSvis problemebis sworad diagnozirebas<br />

ver axerxeben. aseT SemTxvevaSi TanamSromlobiTi urTierToba<br />

ukeTesi Sedegis momtania. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, isini, SesaZloa, iseT informacias<br />

flobdnen bavSvis Sesaxeb, romlis konfidecialoba<br />

<strong>da</strong>culi un<strong>da</strong> iyos. Tu bavSvis problemebs sxva maswavleblebs<br />

vuambobT, amiT mis uflebebs <strong>da</strong>varRvevT.<br />

teqnikuri personali ar aris swavlebis procesSi uSualod<br />

CarTuli, magram isini saskolo cxovrebis mniSvnelovan<br />

sakiTxebs uzrunvelyofen. isinic, Cveulebriv, pativiscemiT mopyrobas<br />

imsaxureben.<br />

144<br />

situacia 4.<br />

elza <strong>da</strong>mla<strong>ge</strong>blad muSaob<strong>da</strong> skolaSi. erT-erTi maswavlebeli<br />

udierad epyrobo<strong>da</strong> mas; erTxel maswavlebelma elzas<br />

sityvieri Seuracxyofa miayena klasisa <strong>da</strong> sxva TanamSromlis<br />

Tan<strong>da</strong>swrebiT. imis gamo, rom saklaso oTaxis <strong>da</strong>fa kargad ar<br />

iyo gawmendili. aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>, rom moswavleebma moxates <strong>da</strong>fa<br />

Sesvenebis dros, <strong>da</strong>faze am maswavleblis karikaturac exata.<br />

am faqtiT aRSfoTebuli maswavlebeli arc eca<strong>da</strong>, garkveuliyo<br />

situaciaSi <strong>da</strong> javri iyara <strong>da</strong>mla<strong>ge</strong>belze, <strong>da</strong>amcira ra is moswavleebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxva TanamSromlis winaSe.<br />

problemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetis SesaZlo varianti:<br />

elzam saqmis kursSi Caayena skolis direqtori <strong>da</strong> mimar-<br />

Ta kidevac werilobiTi gancxadebiT, romelSic <strong>da</strong>wvrilebiT<br />

aRwer<strong>da</strong> momx<strong>da</strong>rs. ris Semdegac skolis direqtorma mimarTa<br />

skolis disciplinur komitets TxovniT, SinaganawesiT <strong>da</strong>d<strong>ge</strong>nili<br />

wesiT emsjela maswavleblis qmedebaze. disciplinuri<br />

komitetis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis Tanaxmad, maswavlebels sayveduri<br />

gamoucxades.<br />

problemis msgavsi saxiT ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta marTebulia. elzas pretenzia<br />

aris sruliad gamarTlebuli, vinai<strong>da</strong>n maswavlebelma<br />

borotad gamoiyena sakuTari mdgomareoba <strong>da</strong> Seuracxyofa miayena<br />

<strong>da</strong>mla<strong>ge</strong>bels. aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, naTelia, rom maswavlebelma<br />

Selaxa elzas pativi <strong>da</strong> Rirseba. skolis direqtori<br />

valdebuli iyo, reagireba moexdina elzas saCivarze, vinai<strong>da</strong>n<br />

direqtori aformebs SromiT xelSekrulebas skolis Tanam-<br />

SromlebTan (maT Soris, <strong>da</strong>mla<strong>ge</strong>belTanac). gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, direq-

---

tori uflebamosilia, TviTon ganixilos saCivari, an mimarTos<br />

disciplinur komitets reagirebisTvis.<br />

Tqven ukve SegiZliaT, <strong>da</strong>ubrundeT <strong>da</strong> upasuxoT am Tavis<br />

<strong>da</strong>sawyisSi <strong>da</strong>smul kiTxvebs<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• maswavleblebsa <strong>da</strong> skolis sxva personals Soris<br />

keTilganwyobili urTierToba mniSvnelovnad gansaz-<br />

Rvravs warmatebul <strong>saswavlo</strong> process;<br />

• gar<strong>da</strong> uSualod sagnobrivi kompetenciisa, pe<strong>da</strong>gogis<br />

profesionalizmi ganisazRvreba sxvebis mimarT<br />

TanamSromlobiTi urTierTobiTa <strong>da</strong> keTilganwyobili<br />

qceviT. es gulisxmobs sxvebis uflebebis pativiscemas,<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> (saqmiani) <strong>garemo</strong>s Seqmnasa <strong>da</strong> SenarCunebas<br />

<strong>da</strong> konfliqtebisadmi gacnobierebul midgomas;<br />

• maswavlebeli valdebulia, <strong>da</strong>icvas saskolo personalis<br />

Rirseba <strong>da</strong> pativiscemiT moepyras maT.<br />

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<strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTareba<br />

am Tavis wakiTxvis SemdeT Tqven <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT:<br />

ras gulisxmobs <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTareba;<br />

ramdenad mniSvnelovania maswavleblisTvis profesiul<br />

ganviTarebaze zrunva;<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis ra saSualebebi arsebobs;<br />

ra mniSvneloba aqvs <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis <strong>ge</strong>gmas.<br />

gaecaniT qvemoT <strong>da</strong>smul SekiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fiqrdiT pasuxebze:<br />

1. ra gzebs mimarTavdiT Tqveni <strong>profesiuli</strong> unarebis gaumjobesebisTvis<br />

2. ramdenad xSirad un<strong>da</strong> ganaaxlos pe<strong>da</strong>gogma <strong>profesiuli</strong><br />

ganviTarebis <strong>ge</strong>gma<br />

3. ratom aris mniSvnelovani <strong>da</strong> ra gavlenas axdens <strong>saswavlo</strong><br />

procesze maswavleblis TviTSefaseba<br />

146

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*****<br />

maswavleblis profesia dinamiuria <strong>da</strong> mudmiv cvlilebebs<br />

eqvemdebareba. <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTareba gulisxmobs RonisZiebebs,<br />

romlebic mimarTulia <strong>profesiuli</strong> zrdisken. `zogadi<br />

ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis mixedviT,<strong>profesiuli</strong><br />

ganviTarebis saSualebebia:<br />

a) akreditebuli <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis programebis gavla;<br />

b) maswavleblis sasertifikacio gamocdis Cabarebi<strong>da</strong>n 6<br />

wlis Semdeg Sesabamisi maswavleblis sasertifikacio gamocdis<br />

Cabareba;<br />

g) saganmanaTleblo an pe<strong>da</strong>gogiuri produqtis Seqmna<br />

(saxelmZRvanelos, saganmanaTleblo programis avtoroba, saganmanaTleblo<br />

proeqtis SemuSaveba an/<strong>da</strong> ganxorcieleba, maswavleblobis<br />

maZieblebisa <strong>da</strong> sxva pe<strong>da</strong>go<strong>ge</strong>bisaTvis codnis gaziareba<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxva).<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> kompetencia aramarto sagnobriv codnas, aramed<br />

profesiul unarebsa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebebsac moicavs. igi Sei-<br />

Zleba aisaxos rogorc, magaliTad, <strong>saswavlo</strong> masalebis miwodebisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>valebebis Sefasebis unarze, aseve Cacmis stilzec.<br />

maswavleblis profesiul pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobaSi moiazreba<br />

ganaTlebis sferoSi mimdinare siaxleebis codna <strong>da</strong> pe<strong>da</strong>gogiuri<br />

praqtikis ganviTareba. maswavlebelma yovelwliurad<br />

un<strong>da</strong> SeimuSaos <strong>da</strong> ganaxorcielos <strong>profesiuli</strong> zrdis <strong>ge</strong>gma.<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis <strong>ge</strong>gmaSi un<strong>da</strong> gaiweros yvela is aqtivoba,<br />

romelic im wlisTvis un<strong>da</strong> Seasrulos maswavlebelma.<br />

<strong>ge</strong>gma gzamkvlevis rols asrulebs. es ar aris recepti,romelic<br />

upirobod un<strong>da</strong> Sesruldes. TviT am <strong>ge</strong>gmis analizsa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>xvewaze<br />

muSaobac <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis nawilia. TviTanalizis<br />

teqnika maswavlebels saSualebas aZlevs, <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmos <strong>profesiuli</strong><br />

ganviTarebis procesi. <strong>ge</strong>gma aris sistemuri midgoma, romelic<br />

konkretul RonisZiebebs moicavs. es SeiZleba iyos Sesabamisi<br />

literaturis Seswavla, sxva maswavleblebis gakveTilebze <strong>da</strong>swreba,<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> kursebi an internetSi masalebis moZieba.<br />

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<strong>profesiuli</strong> zrdis <strong>ge</strong>gmis SemuSavebisas aucilebelia<br />

erovnuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gmebisa <strong>da</strong> ganaTlebis sferoSi saqarTvelos<br />

kanonmdeblobis gaTvaliswineba. qvemoT moyvanilia is<br />

aqtivobebi <strong>da</strong> strategiebi, romlebic profesiul ganviTarebas<br />

uwyobs xels <strong>da</strong> SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes rogorc individualurad,<br />

aseve jgufuri <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis <strong>ge</strong>gmis<br />

nawilis saxiTac.<br />

sakuTari praqtikis TviTanalizi (refleqsia) <strong>profesiuli</strong><br />

ganviTarebisTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani unaria.<br />

TviTanalizi SegviZlia ramdenime etapad <strong>da</strong>vyoT:<br />

1. problemis identificireba, romlis drosac maswavlebeli<br />

Tavisi saqmianobi<strong>da</strong>n gamokveTs im problemas an kiTxvas,romlis<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>Wris survilic aqvs.<br />

2. informaciis Segroveba, romlis drosac maswavlebeli<br />

agrovebs monacemebs misTvis saintereso sakiTxis irgvliv;<br />

3. analizi <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miReba, romlis dros maswavlebeli<br />

cdilobs, gaiazros Segrovebuli masala <strong>da</strong> miiRos<br />

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ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetileba maTi yovelmxrivi Seswavlis safuZvelze;<br />

4. praqtikuli saqmianoba, romlis drosac maswavlebeli <strong>ge</strong>gmavs<br />

Tavis profesiul ganviTarebas. amis Semdeg is SeimuSavebs<br />

cxrils, sa<strong>da</strong>c ga<strong>da</strong>itans mimdinare wlis miznebs.<br />

TviTSefaseba <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis erT-erTi strategiaa.<br />

susti <strong>da</strong> Zlieri mxareebis Sefaseba <strong>da</strong> am informaciis<br />

gonivruli gamoyeneba <strong>da</strong>debiTad imoqmedebs <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesze,<br />

imis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, pe<strong>da</strong>gogi <strong>da</strong>mwyebia Tu didi gamocdilebis<br />

mqone. TviTSefasebis upiratesoba imaSi mdgomareobs, rom am<br />

dros naklebad eqceviT sxvaTa Sexedulebebis zegavlenis<br />

qveS <strong>da</strong> Tavisuflad SegiZliaT sakuTari unarebis Sefaseba<br />

<strong>da</strong> analizi. igi Zalian uvnebeli meTodia <strong>da</strong>, Sesabamisad, misi<br />

gamoyenebisas gulwrfelobis, realisturi Sefasebis <strong>da</strong> simSvidis<br />

SenarCunebis albaTobac ufro didia. miRebuli Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />

mixedviT, SesaZlebelia <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis ufro sruli<br />

<strong>ge</strong>gmis Sed<strong>ge</strong>nac.<br />

situacia 1.<br />

nato 7 welia maswavlebelia. <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis<br />

mizniT, man ga<strong>da</strong>wyvita, rom TviTSefasebis meTodisTvis miemarTa.<br />

qvemoT mocemuli maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT Seadgina<br />

Sefasebis sqema <strong>da</strong> sakuTari SesaZleblobebi sambaliani<br />

sistemiT Seafasa.<br />

1 = am konkretuli unaris ganviTareba mWirdeba;<br />

2 = raRac gamocdileba maqvs, magram ufro meti un<strong>da</strong> vimuSao;<br />

3 = am kuTxiT Cemi SesaZleblobebis maqsimums mivaRwie.<br />

•¬¬nebisyofis simtkice <strong>da</strong> moTmineba moswavleebTan<br />

<strong>da</strong> kole<strong>ge</strong>bTan urTierTobisas;<br />

• energiuloba <strong>da</strong> Sromismoyvareoba;<br />

• punqtualoba <strong>da</strong> mowesri<strong>ge</strong>buloba;<br />

• samarTlianoba;<br />

• uyuradRebo <strong>da</strong> pasiuri bavSvebis sagakveTilo procesSi<br />

CarTvis unari;<br />

• individualuri <strong>da</strong> jgufuri muSaobis efeqturad<br />

marTvis unari;<br />

• ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis droulad miRebis unari;<br />

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• drois efeqturad gamoyenebis unari;<br />

• moswavleTa motivaciis amaRlebis unari;<br />

• swavlebis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva meTodisa <strong>da</strong> strategiis efeqturad<br />

gamoyenebis unari;<br />

• socialuri <strong>da</strong> <strong>ge</strong>nderuli miukerZoebloba;<br />

• enTuziazmi sakuTar saganTan <strong>da</strong> moswavleebTan<br />

<strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT;<br />

• gakveTilis an konkretuli RonisZiebis efeqturad<br />

<strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvis, organizebis <strong>da</strong> marTvis unari;<br />

• gakveTilis miznis gansazRvris unari;<br />

• rCevisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>xmarebis Txovnis mizniT kole<strong>ge</strong>bTan<br />

TanamSromloba;<br />

• sakuTari gamocdilebis sxvebisTvis gaziarebis unari.<br />

TviTSefasebis Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmili<br />

RonisZiebebi <strong>da</strong>debiTad imoqmedebs natos miRwevebze, rac<br />

moswavleTa Sede<strong>ge</strong>bze aisaxeba.<br />

gar<strong>da</strong> TviTSefasebisa, Tqveni <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebisTvis<br />

efeqturad SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT Sefaseba moswavleTa<br />

mxri<strong>da</strong>n. Tu gsurT, SeityoT, ras fiqroben Tqveni moswavleebi<br />

Tqven mier Catarebul gakveTilze, ra moswonT gansakuTrebiT,<br />

an ra SeniSvnebi <strong>da</strong> mosazrebebi SeiZleba hqondeT gakveTilis<br />

Taobaze, SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT qvemoT mocemuli Sefasebis<br />

forma. sagnis specifiki<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, SegiZliaT, Sefasebis<br />

forma SecvaloT. umjobesia, igi tri<strong>mes</strong>tris bolos an konkretuli<br />

masalis <strong>da</strong>mTavrebis Semdeg gamoiyenoT. moswavleebs<br />

auxseniT, rom Sefaseba aris anonimuri <strong>da</strong> maT niSnebze gavlenas<br />

ar iqoniebs. ganumarteT, rom Sefasebis formis SevsebiT, isini<br />

Tqven <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>xmarebian <strong>saswavlo</strong> procesis ukeT <strong>da</strong><strong>ge</strong>gmvaSi.<br />

****<br />

Sefasebis formaSi gadmoeciT Tqveni STebeWdilebebi am<br />

gakveTilis Sesaxeb.<br />

yuradRebiT gaecaniT TiToeul SekiTxvas <strong>da</strong> SemoxazeT<br />

TqvenTvis sasurveli pasuxi.<br />

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1. gakveTili kargad iyo organizebuli<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

2. gamoyenebuli masala (saxelmZRvaneloebi, qseroaslebi, <strong>da</strong>matebiTi<br />

sakiTxavi) iyo saintereso<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

3. es gakveTili <strong>da</strong>mexmara<br />

sagnis ukeT aRqmaSi<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

4. maswavleblis Sefaseba iyo<br />

samarTliani<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

5. Cem mier Sesrulebul samuSaos maswavlebeli<br />

obieqturad afaseb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mexmarebo<strong>da</strong><br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

Secdomebis gaanalizebaSi<br />

6. gakveTili iyo rTuli<br />

7. saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebis moculoba<br />

iyo Zalian didi<br />

8. maswavlebeli yvela moswavles<br />

epyrobo<strong>da</strong> pativiscemiT<br />

9. moswavleebi pativs scemdnen<br />

maswavlebels<br />

10. maswavlebeli zedmetad<br />

mkacri iyo<br />

11. gakveTili iyo saxaliso<br />

12. gakveTils maRal Sefasebas<br />

vaZlev<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

ki / ara / ise ra / Tavs vikaveb<br />

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gakveTilze ram <strong>da</strong>tova yvelaze didi STabeWdileba<br />

ra ar mo<strong>ge</strong>wonaT gakveTilze<br />

Tqven rom maswavlebeli iyoT, riTi gaaumjobesebdiT<br />

gakveTils<br />

SegiZliaT gamoxatoT Tqveni azri gakveTilTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul<br />

nebismier sakiTxze.<br />

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<strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis erT-erTi efeqturi gzaa <strong>profesiuli</strong><br />

literaturis gacnoba <strong>da</strong> Seswavla. am formiT a axal<br />

informacias iRebs <strong>da</strong> Tavis codnasa <strong>da</strong> gamocdilebas aRrmavebs<br />

.<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis erT-erT saSualebas sagakveTilo<br />

procesze <strong>da</strong>kvirveba warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns. maswavleblebi eswrebian<br />

TavianTi kole<strong>ge</strong>bis sagakveTilo process swavlebis meTodebze<br />

<strong>da</strong>kvirvebisa <strong>da</strong> Tvalsawieris gafarToebis mizniT, iseve<br />

rogorc, sakuTari pe<strong>da</strong>gogiuri midgomebis <strong>da</strong>saxvewad.<br />

situacia 2.<br />

Teona istoriis maswavlebelia. mas Zalian un<strong>da</strong> prezentaciis<br />

unaris gaumjobeseba. mis gakveTilze bavSvebi advilad iwyenen<br />

<strong>da</strong> umarTavebi xdebian. Tamriko sxva klasSi aswavlis istorias.<br />

Teona winaswar uTanxmdeba Tamrikos <strong>da</strong> mis gakveTils<br />

eswreba im mizniT, rom mis gamocdilebas gaiziarebs.<br />

Teonam SeniSna,rom Tamriko kargi maswavlebelia <strong>da</strong> masalas<br />

kargad flobs. magram yvelaze Sedegiani mainc misi<br />

swavlebis meTodia. kedlebze feradi suraTebi gaukravs,<br />

bevri maTgani bavSvebis <strong>da</strong>xatulia. klasis winaSe dgomis <strong>da</strong><br />

leqciuri stilis nacvlad Tamriko merxebs Soris <strong>da</strong>dis.<br />

Teonam ga<strong>da</strong>wyvita, Tamrikos gakveTili<strong>da</strong>n aRebuli ramdenime<br />

meTodi Tavis gakveTilze gamoeyenebina <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>kvirvebo<strong>da</strong>,<br />

ra efeqts moaxden<strong>da</strong> igi bavSvebze.<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gmis jgufSi SemuSaveba maswavleblebs TavianT<br />

saganTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul sakiTxebSi siRrmiseuli Ziebis saSualebas<br />

aZlevs. erTad muSaobiT maswavleblebs SeuZliaT Seqmnan<br />

<strong>saswavlo</strong> masalebi, <strong>saswavlo</strong> meTodologia, axali resursebi <strong>da</strong><br />

Sefasebis meqanizmebi. es Zalian Seuwyobs xels maT profesiul<br />

ganviTarebas.<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis alternatiuli saSualebaa konferenciebsa<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxva samuSao SexvedrebSi monawileoba.<br />

situacia 3.<br />

nana <strong>da</strong> giorgi maTematikas aswavlian. giorgi ga<strong>da</strong>wyvets<br />

maTematikis swavlebis strategiebis Seswavlas. man gaigo, rom<br />

erT-erT universitetSi seminari tardeba, romlis <strong>da</strong>xmarebiT<br />

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mas Tavisi unarebis gaumjobeseba SeuZlia. giorgis un<strong>da</strong>, rom<br />

nanamac miiRos am samuSao SexvedraSi monawileoba, magram nanas<br />

am etapze srulebiT akmayofilebs misi codnisa <strong>da</strong> unarebis<br />

done.<br />

samuSao Sexvedraze giorgi Seiswavlis bavSvebisTvis<br />

al<strong>ge</strong>bruli utolobebis axsnis meTodebs, gansakuTrebiT<br />

efeqturs im bavSvebisTvis, romelTac maTematika arc Tu ise<br />

kargad gamosdiT. naTelia, rom SemdgomSi am kuTxiT giorgis<br />

muSaoba ufro nayofieri iqneba, vidre nanasi.<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTareba aseve SesaZlebelia internetSi masalebis<br />

moZiebis gziT. Tumca internetSi Catarebuli kvleva<br />

ramdenime mimarTulebiTaa SezRuduli. nebismier a<strong>da</strong>mians minimaluri<br />

teqnikuri unarebiT SeuZlia internetSi informaciis<br />

ganTavseba. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, internet-gverdebi iqmneba <strong>da</strong> icvleba<br />

mflobelis <strong>ge</strong>movnebis mixedviT. zogierTi gverdi eqspertis<br />

mosazrebebs gadmoscems, sxvebi ki ubralo diletantebisas. amitom<br />

SeiZleba aseTi masala naklebad sando iyos.<br />

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axalbe<strong>da</strong> maswavleblebs xSirad sWirdebaT <strong>da</strong>xmareba sagakveTilo<br />

procesis marTvasa <strong>da</strong> swavlebis unarebis gaumjobesebaSi.<br />

gamocdil pe<strong>da</strong>gogs SeuZlia miawodos maT rCeva<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>exmaros <strong>profesiuli</strong> unar-Cvevebis <strong>da</strong>xvewaSi. <strong>profesiuli</strong><br />

ganviTarebisTvis aseve mniSvnelovania maswavleblobis maZiebelTaTvis<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxva pe<strong>da</strong>go<strong>ge</strong>bisTvis <strong>profesiuli</strong> codnisa <strong>da</strong><br />

gamocdilebis gaziareba.<br />

Tqven SegiZliaT, <strong>da</strong>ubrundeT am Tavis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi mocemul<br />

kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> upasuxoT maT.<br />

ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi:<br />

• maswavlebeli yovelTvis un<strong>da</strong> zrunavdes Tavis profesiul<br />

ganviTarebaze;<br />

• <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saSualeba arsebobs;<br />

• maswavlebels Zalian <strong>da</strong>exmareba <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganvi-<br />

Tarebis samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gmaze muSaoba;<br />

• <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTareba un<strong>da</strong> ganvixiloT rogorc<br />

uwyveti procesi, <strong>da</strong> ara rogorc erTjeradi RonisZieba.<br />

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gamoyenebuli literatura:<br />

- `zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb ” saqarTvelos kanoni, 2004w.<br />

-maswavlebelTa <strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTarebis centri. (2008). maswavleblis<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> stan<strong>da</strong>rti. Tbilisi.<br />

-erovnuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gmebisa <strong>da</strong> Sefasebis centri. (2007).<br />

erovnuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gma. Tbilisi.<br />

-erovnuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gmebisa <strong>da</strong> Sefasebis centri. (2007).<br />

rogor vaswavloT moswavleebs azrovneba (1 naw). Tbilisi.<br />

-erovnuli <strong>saswavlo</strong> <strong>ge</strong>gmebisa <strong>da</strong> Sefasebis centri. (2007).<br />

ganmartebiTi leqsikoni ganaTlebis specialistebisaTvis<br />

(1 naw). Tbilisi.<br />

- saqarTvelos konstitucia.<br />

-a<strong>da</strong>mianis uflebaTa <strong>da</strong> ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa <strong>da</strong>cvis evropuli<br />

konvencia.<br />

-saqme `.H. and others v. Czech Republic”, a<strong>da</strong>mianis uflebaTa <strong>da</strong>cvis<br />

evropuli sasamarTlo, 13/10/2007 .<br />

-Ascher, M. B .(2004).Teacher understanding children. Washington, DC: American<br />

Psychological Association.<br />

-Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: the exercise of control. New York: Freeman.<br />

-Bet<strong>ge</strong>r, A. T. (1997). Parent and school relationship: Clinical, experimental and<br />

theoretical aspects. New York: Hoeber.<br />

-Blatchford, P., Baines, E., Rubie-Davies, C., Bassett. P., & Chowne, A. (n.d.)<br />

Improving the effectiveness of pupil group work: effects on pupil-pupil interactions,<br />

teacher-pupil interactions and classroom enga<strong>ge</strong>ment. Retrieved April 25,<br />

2008, from http://www.spring-project.org.uk/AERA-SpringPaper.pdf<br />

-Blatchford, P., & Baines, E. (2002, May). The SPR in G project: the case for<br />

group work in schools. Retrieved November 10, 2007, from http://www.creict.<br />

homerton.cam.ac.uk/spring/ current.doc<br />

-Building on the Concepts of the ‘Fat L’ Shaped Classroom. Design Share. Retrieved<br />

December 7, 2008, from http://www.designshare.com/index.php/articles/<br />

the-l-shaped-classroom/3/<br />

-Creating an Effective Physical Classroom Environment. Retrieved December<br />

8,2008, from http://www.teachervision.fen.com/classroom-mana<strong>ge</strong>ment/decorative-arts/6506.html<br />

-Cutolo, F. (1996). Teaching mediation as a conflict resolution process: a new<br />

a<strong>ge</strong>n<strong>da</strong> for responding. Retrieved January 17, 2008, from http://www.behavioradvisor.com/PeerMediation.<br />

html<br />

-Dorworth, T. R., & Overmier, J. B. (2006). On self – evaluation.<br />

School Psychology, 5, 355-358.<br />

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-Finch, B. K., Kolody, B., & Vega, W. A. (2000). Social development in schools.<br />

Journal of Academic Success, 41(3), 295–313.<br />

-Gilmore, L. (1999) Educator’s Guide to Intellectual Property, Copyright, and<br />

Plaigiarism: Copyright Law and Education. University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign.<br />

Retrieved January 8, 2008, from http://www.ed.uiuc.edu/wp/copyright/<br />

copyrightlaw.htm.<br />

-Gormally, J., & Power, F. (n.d.) Assessment for learning and cooperative learning<br />

strategies. Retrieved November 5,2007, from http://www.teachin<strong>ge</strong>xpertise.<br />

com/articles/implementing-learning-innovations-1625<br />

-Gwinnett County Public Schools (GCPS). (2007) Gwinnett County Public<br />

School Student Parent Handbook: Grades 4-12. Retrieved January<br />

24, 2008, from http://www.gwinnett.k12.ga.us/gcps-mainweb01.nsf/16A6C24<br />

31AA247F6852573050053A15D/$file/2007-08_Student-Parent_4-12_Handbook.<br />

pdf<br />

-Gwinnett County Public Schools (GCPS). (2008a) 9 tips for helping with<br />

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sarCevi<br />

saklaso oTaxis fizikuri <strong>garemo</strong> (n. gogiCaZe) ....................................... 3<br />

klasis marTvis stili (T. lodia) ................................................................... 12<br />

gakveTilis drois marTva (n. niJaraZe) .......................................................... 20<br />

gakveTilis etapebi (n. niJaraZe) ............................................................................. 28<br />

saklaso organizaciis modelebi (n. niJaraZe) ........................................ 35<br />

jgufuri muSaoba (n. niJaraZe) ................................................................................ 46<br />

jgufuri muSaobis marTva (n. niJaraZe) .......................................................... 59<br />

qcevis wesebi (n. niJaraZe) ............................................................................................ 65<br />

qcevis TviTmarTva (n. niJaraZe) .............................................................................. 78<br />

konfliqtebis mogvareba (n. niJaraZe) .............................................................. 90<br />

ganaTleba <strong>da</strong> kanonmdebloba<br />

(q. makleini, t. boli) ....................................................................................................... 103<br />

maswavleblis uflebebi <strong>da</strong> movaleobebi<br />

(q. makleini, t. boli) ....................................................................................................... 108<br />

moswavlis uflebebi <strong>da</strong> movaleobebi<br />

(q. makleini, t. boli) ....................................................................................................... 121<br />

mSoblisa <strong>da</strong> maswavleblis urTierToba<br />

(q. makleini, t. boli) ....................................................................................................... 129<br />

TanamSromlebTan urTierToba<br />

(q. makleini, t. boli) ........................................................................................................ 138<br />

<strong>profesiuli</strong> ganviTareba (q. makleini, t. boli) .................................. 146<br />

gamoyenebuli literatura ....................................................................................... 156<br />

159

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160<br />

SeniSvnebisTvis

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161

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162