Avtorta Koleqtivi - Xojali PDF

xojali
TviTmxilvelebi
samxedro danaSaulis Sesaxeb
sasamarTlo somxeTis
winaaRmdeg
qarTuli gamocema xorcieldeba

saerTaSoriso kompaniis
„samarTlianoba xojalize “
egidiT
gamomcemloba „meridiani“
Tbilisi
2016
winasityvaobis avtori: leila alieva,
heidar alievis fondis vice prezidenti,
saerTaSoriso kompaniis „samarTlianoba
xojalis” iniciatori.
saredaqcio sabWo: tale geidarovi (mT. red.)
ien perti
fiona maklahani
talex bagievi
xojali: TviTmxilvelebi - samxedro danaSaulis Sesaxeb. sasa-

marTlo somxeTze: Targmnilia inglisuridan. / Sesavali da in-
terviu i. perti, f. maklahanis). - spb.: moambe, 2015. – 269 gv.
ISBN 978-5-4232-0002-2
rusulidan Targmna guram marxuliam
1992 w. 26 Tebervals somxuri SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Tavdas-

xma xojaloze - azerbaijanul qalaqze ramdenime aTasiani mosax-
leobiT - yvelaze saSineli epizodi iyo SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi
mTian yarabaRSi. xojalis mosaxleoba iZulebuli gaxda gamoqce-
viT eSvela TavisTvis, maT gayinuli mdinarisa da tyiani mTebis
gadalaxva mouxdaT. Ria adgilze gamosvlisas sofel naxCivanik-
Tan axlos isini Zlieri cecxlis qveS aRmoCndnen, sadac maT
Casafrebuli boevikebi elodebodnen.
wignSi Tavmoyrilia am tragediis dros gadarCenilTa Cvene-
bebi, „cxel nakvalevze“ Seqmnili sagazeTo reportaJebi, ofi-
cialuri dokumentebi, sadac dagmobilia is simxece, romelic
mSvidobiani azerbaijanuli mosaxleobis mimarT ganxorcielda.
Semdgenlebis mier sxvadasxva wyaroebidan yuradRebiT SerCeuli
fotomasalebi winamdebare naSroms unikalurobas sZenen.
wigni gankuTvnilia azerbaijanis istoriis specialistebisaT-
vis, politologebisaTvis, humanitaruli fakultetebis studen-
tebisa da kavkasiis regionis istoriuli bediT dainteresebul-
TaTvis.
© guram marxulia
© gamomcemloba `meridiani~, 2016
ISBN 978-9941-25-081-1
winasityvaoba
anu
`samarTali xojalis”
xojalis simarTlis xma
azerbaijani geografiulad aRmosavleTisa da dasavleTis um-
sxvilesi civilizaciebis gasayarze mdebareobs. amasTan erTad
azerbaijanma SeZlo sakuTari, ganumeorebeli, mxolod misTvis
TviTmyofadi umdidresi kultura Seeqmna .
odiTganve azerbaijanis saxelmwifo cdilobda Tbili, mSvi-
dobiani da megobruli urTierTobebi hqonoda axlo mezoblebT-
an, Soreul qveynebTan da xalxebTan da cdilobda msoflioSi Ta-
visi saTanado adgili daekavebina, amavdroulad tolerantobisa
da multikulturalizmis nimuSad darCeniliyo.
magram 1980-ian wlebis bolos isargebla ra ssrks daSliT
somxeTi teritoriuli pretenziebiT gamovida azerbaijanis wi-
naaRmdeg, cdilobda ra xelSi Caegdo azerbaijanis ZirZveli ter-
itoria - yarabaxis mTiani nawili. amiT bolo moeRo azerbaijan-
eli xalxis mSvidobian Tanamegobrobas da qveyana gamoucxadebel
omSi aRmoCnda CarTuli.
1992 wlis 25-26 Tebervilis Rames erT-erTi usaniSelesi tra-
gedia moxda Tanamedrove istoriaSi. somxeTis armiam xanqendSi
dislocirebuli yofili sabWoTa jarebis samxedro nawilis dax-
marebiT qalaq xojalis mSvidobiani mosaxleobis eTnikuri wmen-
dis saSineli aqcia moaxdina. msoflios saagentoebis mier es mov-
lena Sefasebuli iyo rogorc mSvidobiani mosaxleobis masobrivi
mkvleloba. azerbaijaneli xalxi uRrmesi mwuxarebiT itanda
tragedias da pativs miagebda TavianT msxverpls. maT Zal Rone
ar daiSures raTa am koSmaridan gadarCenil xalxs kvlav epova
sasicocxl Zalebi.
kacobriobis ganviTarebis Tanamedrove epoqaSi, sadac is mSvi-
dobisa da stabilurobisaken miiswrafvis warmoudgenelia xoja-
lis msgavsi tragedia. aq momxdari tragediis obieqturi suraTis
sruli warmodgenisaTvis da, im mizniT, rom arsad msoflioSi
ar ganmeordes msgavsi ram, xojaliSi dazaralebulTa uflebebis
aRdgenis mizniT, saWiroa istoriis am saSineli furclidan sa-
Tanado gakveTili gamovitanoT. swored amgvari zraxvebi daedo
safuZvlad saerTaSoriso kompaniis „samarTlianoba xojalis“
ideas, romelic 2008 wlis 8 maiss daiwyo.
amisTvis saWiro iyo umokles vadebSi momxdari tragediis
3
garemoebaTa Sesaxeb msoflio sazogadoebis informireba. am kampa-
niis mizani da amocanebi saTanadod iqna Sefasebuli saRad moaz-
rovne adamianebis mier. „samarTlianoba xojalisTvis“ kampaniis
CarCoebSi Catarebul iqna RonisZiebani evropis, amerikis, aziis
da afrikis asze met qveyanaSi; „samarTlianoba xojalis“ kampania
zrunvelyofil iqna saerTaSoriso organizaciebisa da zogierTi
saxelmwifos mier. kampania yovelwliurad farTovdeba da axal
momxreebs iZens msoflios sxvadasxva qveynebSi da regionebSi, rac
kidev erTxel mimyarebs rwmenas:
„darwmunebuli var, rom axlo droSi qveynebis udidesi nawili
cnobs am genocids, xolo somxur-azerbaijanuli, mTiani yarab-
axis konfliqti Tavis samarTlian gadawyvetas hpovebs. aRdgenili
iqneba azerbaijanis respublikis teritoriuli mTlianoba, yvela
iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli piri da ltolvili dabrundeba Tavis
saxlSi, TavianT sakuTar miwaze“.
wigni “Khojaly Witness of a war crime. Armenia in the dock” - xo-
jalis tragedis pirveli Tanmivdervuli gaSuqebaa, romelic
dasavleTSi inglisur enaze gamoqveynda. wignSi warmodgenilia
gadarCenil mowmeTa interviuebi, msoflios masobrivi informa-
ciis saSualebaTa masalebi, unikaluri fotosuraTebi, romlebic
saSualebas gvaZleven warmovidginoT somxebis mier ganxorciele-
buli genocidis masStabebi, agreTve naCvenebia saerTaSoriso
organizaciebisa da ucxoel mklevarTa poziciebi.
am wignis publikacia „samarTlianoba xojalis“ kampaniis saer-
TaSoriso mxardaWeris misiis Semadgeneli nawili gaxda. amis gaT-
valiswinebiT Cven mivediT im daskvnamde, rom mizanSewonilad
CagveTvala am wignis sxvadasxva enaze, maT Soris qarTul enaze
Targmna. vimedovnebT, rom yoveli mkiTxveli romelic am wigns
gaecnoba mxars dauWers „samarTlianoba xojalis“ am kampanias.
wigni Khojaly Witness of a war crime. Armenia in the dock” - romelic
gamoica londonSi Ithaca Press -is gamomcemlobaSi Tavis Tavad
unukaluria. is utyuar wyaroebze da masalebzea damyarebuli,
kargad gaTviTcnobierebuli da kompetenturi ucxoeli special-
istebis uSualo monawileobiT aris Seqmnili.
leila alieva
heidar alievis fondis vice-prezidenti,
„samarTlianoba xojalis“ saerTaSoriso
kampaniis iniciatori
4
Sinaarsi
Sesavali ............................................................................................ 7
madlobis niSnad............................................................................. 14
rukebi................................................................................................ 15
isini iyvnen iq... fiona maklahanis, ien pertis,
Tomas holcis interviuebi....................................................... 21
ucxoeli Jurnalistebi romlebic adgilze
imyofebodnen.................................................................................. 63
adamianis uflebebis damcveli saerTaSoriso
organizaciebis Sefasebebi ......................................................... 75
saerTaSoriso gamocemebi............................................................ 105
saerTaSoriso gamoZiebebi.......................................................... 203
danarTi............................................................................................. 239
saZiebeli........................................................................................... 287
5
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TEAS-PRESS .
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laq baTumSi sagamomcemlo saxlis TEAS-PRESS
-is nebarTviT „samarTlianoba xojalis“ kampa-
niis farglebSi ganxorcielebuli iqneba wignis
- „TviTmxilvelebi samxedro danaSaulis Sesaxeb
sasamarTlo somxeTis winaaRmdeg“ Targmna qar-
Tul enaze. wignis saavtoro uflebebi ekuTvnis
sagamomcemlo saxls TEAS-PRESS .
6
Sesavali
„xojalamde azerbaijanelebs egonaT,

rom somxebi is damianebia, romlebic
mSviadobian mosaxleobaze xels ar aRmarTaven. saWiro
iyo amis gardatexa, rac moxda kidevac“
serJ sarqisianis 2000 wlis 15 dekembris interviudan.

Tomas de vaali: „Savi baRi: somxeTi da azerbaijani omsa da mSvi-
dobas Soris“, 2014 w. gv: 210.
serJ sarqisiani saqmis codniT ambobs: 1992 wels is

„mTiani yarabaxis respublikis“ TviTdacviTi Zalebis
komitetis xelmZRvaneli iyo. misi uxeSi Riaoba dama-
jereblad aCvenebs 1992 wlis 25 da 26 Tebervals qalaq
xojalis 613 mcxovrebTa masobrivi xocvis mizezebsa
da motivacias. amjerad igi somxeTis prezidentia, da
amgvarad, is adamiani romelTanac azerbaijans mo-
laparakebebis gamarTva uwevs mTiani yarabaxis kon-
fliqtis daregulerebis gzebis saZieblad. miuxedavad
zemoT moyvanili Sokismomgvreli aRiarebisa, arasodes
ar damdgara misi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi am omSi Cad-
enil danaSaulebaTa gamo.
Tumca serJ sarqisianisa da misi „boevikebis“ namoqme-
dari aTasobiT adamians uwamlavs sicocxles, romlebic
iZulebulni gaxdnen omis gamo TavianTi saxlebi dae-
tovebinaT. aseTia azerbaijanis yoveli meaTe mcxovre-
bia, rac msoflioSi devnilTa da qveynis SigniT iZule-
biT gadaadgilebulTa yvelaze maRali maCveneblia.
am wignSi yuradRebis centrSi is adamianebia,
romelTac xojalis tragedia gadaitanes, romelTa
cxovrebis yoveli dRe daRupul naTesavebsa da ax-
loblebze, samSobloze dardiTa da mwuxarebiT aris
aRsavse. isini mouTmenlad elian im dros, rodesac is
admianebi, romelTac maTi cxovreba daangries SeTanx-
7
mdebian. bevri maTgani ise wavida am qveynidan, rom ve-
rafers ver moeswro. samwuxarod, nazili salimovas,
romelmac am wignisTvis interviu misca (gv: 51) arafer-
Si argia SeTanxmeba. sakmaod adre mivida masTan sikvdi-
li, iseve, rogorc mis SvilTan zenure salimovasTan,
romelic fexmZime dedam Tovlsa da xojalis saSinel
RameSi gamoatara (gv: 59), romelmac im Ramis umZimesi
Sedegebi mxolod sami TviT gadaitana. Saxibe mustafae-
vas qmarma SeZlo fexSiSvlad gadaelaxa mdinare da tye,
magram mZime tragedia mxolod oci TviT gadaitana (gv:
53). bevrs miaCnia, rom humai abasovis sikvdili xojalis
tragediiT gamowveuli stresi iyo (gv: 39).
182-e gverdze viqtoria ivlevis angariSia warmodge-
nili, romelSic igi im qalis daxmarebis Sesaxeb hyveba,
romelic im Turq-mesxebTan erTad modioda, romelTac
somexi dampyrobebis zewolis gamo datoves xojali.
viqtorias am qalis ori dRis bavSvi mihyavda. am isto-
rias sevdiani dasasruli aqvs. 19 wlis Semdeg viqtori-
am gadawyvita gaerkvia Tu ra mouvida im qals. man ipova
igi, magram ver Sexvda gogonas, romelsac janmrTeloba
hqonda Seryeuli. ramdenime Tvis Semdeg gogona garda-
icvala; imdroindelma movlenebma kidev erTi sicocx-
le Seiwira.
sinamdvileSi, sikvdili somexTa gadamwyvet daryme-
bamde bevrad adre daeria mosaxleobas. lala askerova
(gv: 45) yveboda, rom misi meuRle erT-erTi pirveli iyo,
romelic 1988 wlis Semotevebisa da ganuwyveteli aly-
is Sedegad miRebuli stresis gamo gardaicvala.
nebsiT Tu uneblied oms gardauvlad axasiaTebs
dabneuloba da gaurkvevloba. mravali urTierT sawi-
naaRmdego mosazrebebi iyo SemoTvazebuli, imasTan
dakavSirebiT, rac 1992 wlis 25 da 25 Tebervlis Rames
xojalSi moxda. amitom es wigni specialurad im ada-
mianTaTvis, romlebmac es yvelaferi ar ician rukiT
iwyeba, romelzedac naCvenebia Tu ras warmoadgens da
sad mdebarebs es regioni. samxreT kavkasiis ruka dax-
8
marebas gauwevs mkiTxvels, gaerkves regionis specifi-
kaSi, naxos uaxlesi samezoblo da yuradReba miaqcios
mTiani yarabaxis strategiul mdebareobas. rac Seexeba
meore rukas, igi dawvrilebiT aCvenebs mTiani yarabaxis
azrebaijanis teritoriebs, romlebic okupirebulia.
esenia: laCini, kelbajari, agdami, fizuli, jebraili,
gubaldi da zangeleni. ukanaskneli ruka aCvenebs Tu
rogor gauyena somxeTis armiam xojalis mosaxleoba im
gzas sadac maT ueWveli sikvdili elodaT.
TviTmxilvelebis mowmobebi, romlebic xojalSi
iyvnen da im Rames gadarCnen, imdroindeli movle-
nebis Sesaxeb utyuar cnobebs iZleva, magram inter-
viuebis nawili im adamianebs eZRvneba, romlebTac ar
Sexebia statistikuri aRwera. maTi naambobi terorisa
da gadarCenis Sesaxeb cremlebis momgvrelia da kon-
fliqtebis adamianuri mxaris demonstrirebas axdens,
rac statistikuri aRwerisa da civi gonebis politikis
pirobebSi ar Cans xolme.
xojalis movlenebisadmi saerTaSoriso organi
zaciebis damokidebuleba wignSi warmodgenilia adami-
anis uflebaTa dacvisa da sxva organizaciebis awon-da-
wonili gancxadebebis saxiT, romlebic TviTmxilvelTa
erTob emociur monaTxrobs emateba.
safuZvliani jafis gaweva mouwiaT sazRvargareTel
Jurnalistebs, romelbic xojalis uTanxmoebis war-
moSobisTanave iqve gaCndnen imisaTvis, rom msoflio
sazogadoebrioba aeZulebinaT waekiTxaT maTi an-
gariSebi da enaxaT maT mier momzadebuli reportaJebi.
yovelive es mocemulia wignSi.
wignSi aseve Stanilia nawyvetebi cnobili mwerlebis
im wignebidan, romlebzec momxdari tragediis Sesaxeb
Tvalsazrisebia gamoTqmuli.
adamianurobis tragediaze aqcentirebis mizniT
wignSi naxavT im 507 adamianis saxelebs, romlebic am
omis msxverplni gaxdnen. maT Soris naxavT 6 wlis gogo-
nas da 92 wlis qalbatons. isini SemTxveviT mokles Tu
9
brma siZulvilis Sedegad daiRupnen? aqve naxavT im 155
adamianis saxelebs, romlebic dRemde ugzo-ukvlod
dakargulad miiCneva. isini daiRupnen Tu tyved Cavard-
nen aravin icis. maT Sesaxeb dRemde araferi ician na-
Tesavebma. rogorc holokostis mkvlevrebma SeniSnes
mTavraia msxverplTa amocnoba, maTi saxelebisa da
pirovnebis dadegna da imis ar daSeveba, rom adamianTa
sikvdil-sicocxle ubralo statistikaze iqnes day-
vanili.
danarTis saxiT wignSi warmodgenilia saerTaSori-
so organizaciebis gadawyvetilebebi mTian yarabaxSi
somxebsa da azerbaijanelTa Soris arsebul konfliqt-
Tan dakavSirebiT. aseve warmodgenilia calkeul poli-
tikosTa da uflebadamcvelTa gamosvlebi xojalis
tragediasTan dakavSirebiT.
aq warmodgenili fotoebi sazRvragareTeli Jur-
nalistebis mier aris Seqmnili im saSineli movlenebi-
sTanave, romlebic tragediis adamianur ganzomilebas
Segvaxseneben.
***
civilizaciis uZvelesi kera - yarabaxi amavdrou-
lad azerbaijanuli kulturis akvania. aq mravali didi
azerbaijaneli mwerali, poeti da musikosia dabade-
buli, xolo mSvenieri yarabaxuli xaliCebi xaliCaTa
oTxi ZiriTadi jgufidan erT-erTia, romlebic azer-
baijanel ostatTa Semoqmedebis kuTvnilebaa. aseve aq
ganviTarebuli iyo mecxeneoba. TiTqmis legendaruli
statusi moipova oqrosferma yarabaxulma ulayma. sam-
wuxarod, omis Semdeg yarabaxis okupirebul nawilSi
ukve aRar qsoven xaliCebs da aRar gamoyavT yarabaxu-
li saocari jiSis cxenebi.
udavoa, rom xojali yvelaze sisxliani epizodia
regionSi somxuri separatizmis afeTqebis istoriaSi.
rogorc sxva mravali konfliqtebis SemTxvevaSi aqac
misi mizezebi imperiuli Zalebis mier sazRvrebiTa da
10
mezobeli xalxebiT istoriuli manipulirebaa. am rigis
movlenaTa naRvlian wyebaSi sabediswero momets 1828
wlis TurqmanCais molaprakeba warmoadens, romelmac
bolo mouRo ruseT-sparseTis oms. am molaparakebiT
istoriuli azrebaijanis CrdiloeT miwebi ruseTis
mxares aRmoCnda. Secvlilma sazRvrma azerbaijanele-
biT dasaxlebuli miwebi gayo. CrdiloeTiT mdebare
mxare ruseTis imperiis Semadgeneli nawili gaxda.
gamarjvebulebma aseve moiTxoves, rom maTi sawrmunoe-
bismieri ZmebisaTvis - somxebisaTvis, romlebic axali
sazRvrebidan samxreTiT cxovrobdnen CrdiloeTiT
gadasaxlebis ufleba miecaT. amgvarad, mravali aTasi
somexi gadasxlda azerbaijanis yarabaxis, naxiWevanis,
irevanis (am ukansknelis teritoriaze 1918 wels somx-
uri saxelmwifo Seiqmna) da sxva saxanoebSi. somxebma
yarabaxSi TavianTi masobrivi gadasaxlebis 150 wlis
ukvdavyofa 1978 wels sagangebo monumentis aRmarTviT
moaxdines. miuxedavad imisa, rom ori eris mSvidobiani
Tanacxovrebis amsaxveli mravali sabuTi arsebobs, maT
Soris zemo yarabaxSi, sadac somxebi TanadaTan umrav-
lesobis warmoadgnlebi gaxdnen, yovelTvis iyvnen is-
eTebi, romlebic „didi somxeTis“ Seqmnis politikuri
ocnebiT iyvnen Sepyrobilni da romelTac bolos da
bolos mtrobis gaCaReba moaxerxes.
sabWoTa periodSi mTian yarabaxs azerbaijanis Semad-
genlobaSi avtonomiis statusi hqonda da somxebic iq
mSvidobianad cxovrobdnen, manam, sanam 1980 wlamde sab-
WoTa kavSirma daSla ar daiwyo. 1988 wlamde eTnikuri
somxebi somxeTTan gaerTianebis mowodebiT gamodiod-
nen da somxeTis umaRlesma sabWom kenWi uyara mTiani
yarabaxis somxeTis SemadgenlobaSi Seyvanas, magram
es gadawyvetileba sabWoTa kavSiris umaRlesma sab-
Wom uaryo magram Zaladoba mainc grZeldeboda. azer-
baijanelebs TavianTi saxlebidan yridnen, xolo 1991
wlis seqtemberSi eTnikurma somxebma azerbaijanisagan
damokideblad gamoacxades Tavi da „mTiani yarabaxis
11
respublika“ Seqmnes (is arc erTi qveynis mier ar aris
aRiarebuli da saerTaSoriso samarTlis Sesabamisad es
teritoria azerbaijanis nawilad rCeba). grZeldeboda
azerbaijanelTa eTnowmenda.
mravalTviani snaiperuli cecxlisa da Ramis saar-
tilerio srolebis Semdeg simxecem xijalSi Tavis apo-
geas 1992 wlis 25 da 26 Tebervlis susxian Rames miaRwia.
mcxovrebni riTac da rogorc SeeZloT TavianTi qalaq-
is ukanaskneli Sturmisagan dasacavad garbodnen. isini
agdebdnen fexsacmelsa da mZime tansacmels, romelic
daTovlil adgilze gadaadgilebas uSlida da gayinul
mdinare gargarze gadasvliT gulkerds uSverdnen
mtris tyvias, romelmac zustad icoda maTi gadaadg-
ilebi marSuti.
momxdaris saSineleba imdenad didi iyo, rom azerbai-
janis danarCen nawils ramdenime dRe dasWirda imis aR-
saqmelad rac moxda. somxuri diasporis gavlena iseTi
iyo, rom erT-erT dasavlel korespondents didi jafa
dasWirda gazeTis imaSi darwmunebaSi, rom man erTma-
neTSi ar auria damnaSave da msxverpli.
SeTanxmeba cecxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb 1994 wlis
maisSi iqna xelmowrili. im droisaTvis somxeTma mTiani
yarabaxisa da misi mimdebare azerbaijanis raionebis
(daaxloebiT qveynis teritoriis 20 %) okupireba moax-
dina. uflebadamcveli organizaciis - Human Rights
Watch-is SefasebiT cecxlis Sewyvetis momentSi 25 000
adamiani daiRupa da azerbaijans milionobiT devnilis
arsebobis saSualebebiT uzrunvelyofa mouwia.
saomari mdgomareoba im movlenebidan ori aTeuli
wlis Semdegac SenarCunebulia da somxeTi saerTaSor-
iso doneze aRiarebuli azerbaijanis teritoriebis
okupirebas kvlav agrZelebs. miuxedavad gaeros oTxi
rezoluciisa, romlebic saokupacio Zalebis gamoyva-
nas iTxovs. analogiuri moTxovnebi wamoayenes gaeros
genealurma asambleam, evroparlamentma da evrosabWos
saparlamento asambleam, magram somxeTma yurad ar iRo
12
arc erT maTgani.
***
xojali kvlavindeburad mZlavr zewolas axdens re-
gionis suliskveTebasa da politikaze. somxeTSi Tavi-
dan prezidenti robert qoCariani gaxda, xolo Semdeg
serJ sarqisiani; orive maTgani xojalis mezoblad qa-
laq xankendSi daibadnen (stepanakertSi, rogorc mas
somxebi eZaxian) da orivem gadamwyveti roli Sesarula
mTiani yarabaxidan da sxva Svidi raionidan azerbaijan-
uli mosaxleobis gandevnis saqmeSi.
dRes azerbaijani ganTavisuflda karvebis banakebi-
sagan da iZulebiT gadaadgilebulTaTvis Rirseuli pi-
robebis Seqmnas Seudga, magram, rasakvirvelia, faqtia,
rom okupacia grZeledeba da gansakuTrebiT xojalis
saSineleba nacionalur cnobierebas mZime lodad awevs.
mTeli samxreT kavkasiis politika, ekonomika, mrewv-
eloba da infrastruqtura, aseve kultura da fsiqo-
logia omis SedegebiT gaukuRmarTebulia. regionis
xalxebs manam ar SeuZliaT srulyofilad gamoiyenon
arsebuli simdidre da potenciali sanam konfliqtis
samarTliani dareguliereba ar moxdeba.
vfiqrobT, rom wignSi warmodgenili masalebiT Tavs
davaRwevT statistikis CarCoebsa da Sablonur war-
modgenebs da naTlad gadmovcemT imas, Tu ras niSnavda
adamianTa erTi nawilisaTvis es barbarosuli ngreva,
romlebic mTeli kacobriobis SiSsa da grZnobebs izi-
areben, magram jer kidev aqvT imis imedi, rom adamianu-
rad moepyrobian maT. modiT nu daviviwyebT am tragedi-
as, romelic jer kidev grZeldeba. yarabaxis omis dros
umowyalo SuRlis gamovleniT am adamianebma adamianis
uflebebs Soris umTavresi - maT mier aSenebul saxleb-
Si cxovrebis ufleba dakarges. dae, amieridan nu iqneba
ngreva; dae, axdes xojalelTa saxlSi dabrunebis oc-
neba.
13
madlobis niSnad
mravalma adamianma Seitana sakuTari wvlili im pro-
eqtis ganxorcilebaSi, romlis mizania daviwyebas ar
mieces imaTi saxelebi, vinc xojalis tragediis msxver-
pli gaxda da visac dRemde ar SeuZlia sakuTar miwa-
wyals da saxls daubrundes. evropuli azerbaijanuli
sazogadoeba gansakuTrebul madlierebas gamoxatavs
elman mamedovis, profesor xave mamedovis da aSS-Si
azerbaijanelTa qseluri resursebis mimarT im dax-
marebisaTvis, rac maT masalebis warmodgenisa da cocx-
lad gadarCenilTa mogonebebis Segrovebis saqmeSi gas-
wies. frederika langeini, klaus raizingeri, viqtoria
ivleva, Tomas holci da reza degati arian is adamian-
ebi, romlebmac TavianTi pirovnuli damokidebuleba
gamoxates im adamianuri tragediis mimarT, romlis
mowmeni Tavad iyvnen da romelic maT daafiqsires. fio-
na maklahlanma yuradRebiT moismina da suraTebi gad-
auRo maT, vinc xojalis saSineli Rame gadaitana. man
dagrovili masala gamosaqveyneblad moamzada. selia
devisi xelmZRvanelobda sxvadasxva qveynebSi informa-
ciis mogrovebas, xolo jenis fareri mis xelT arsebul
angariSebs keTilsindisierad Targmnida.
Cven did madlierebas gamovTqvamT xojalis gar-
adrCenil mcxovrebTa mimarT imisTvis, rom maT mex-
sierebaSi gaacocxles TavianTi cxovrebis usaSinlesi
dReebi im imediT, rom Cveul cxovrebasTan maTi dab-
runebis Txovna Sesmenil iqneba. Cven TanavugrZnobT na-
zili salimovis ojaxs, rom misi ocneba dabrunebuliyo
sakuTar saxlSi da CvenTvis maspinZloba gaewia ver axda
... dae, man mSvidad ganisvenos.
14
rukebi
15
17
ruqebi
Andrias Bereznay - samxreT kavkasia

18
ruqebi
Andrias Bereznay - azerbaijanis respublikis okupirebuli teritoriebi

ruqebi
azerbaijanlebis masobrivi mkvlelobebi xojaliSi

25-26 Tebervali 1992 w.
19
20
isini iyvnen iq...
interviu
21
22
xojali oci wlis Semdeg
SabaTs, 2011 wlis 22 ianvars iseTi Rrubliani da nacrisferi
amindi iyo, rogorc is Zveli sabWoTa sanatoriumi, saiTkenac Cven
xojalis tragedia gamovlil zogierT adamianTa sanaxavad gavemar-
TeT. es adgili kaspiis zRvis sanapiroze soflis ganapiras mde-
bareobs; igi mowyvetilia ganviTarebas da amitomac gamoiyureba
ase. adre zamTarSi momiwia aq yofna; is Zalian kargi adgilia ener-
giuli seirnobisaTvis imisaTvis, rom zamTarSi dagrovili prob-
lemebisagan ganTavisuflde, Tu naklebad Sesaferisia yvela sa-
sicocxlo Zalis aRsadgenad. gansakuTrebiT im SemTxvevaSi Tuki
ganvlili cxovreba dakavSirebulia mSvenier da nayofier mTian
landSaftTan Tavisi xSiri tyeebiT, mdinareebiTa da, ra Tqma unda,
komfortuli saxlebiT.
me 2004 wlidan 2008 wlamde azerbaijanSi vcxovrobdi, ris Semdeg
araerTxel vstumrobdi am qveyanas. es qveyana unikaluria Tavisi
mdebareobiTa da geografiuli parametrebiT, sadac boboqari tem-
pebiT viTardeba navTobis mrewveloba. aq klimaturi zonebis iseTi
mravalsaxeobaa, rom SesaZlebelia didi raodenobiT praqtikulad
nebismieri saxis mosavlis warmatebiT moyvana. es qvyeyana bunebri-
vi resursebiT imdenad mdidaria, rom damoukideblobis pirobebSi
investiciebis da mTliani Siga produqtis zrdis SemTxvevaSi ram-
denime aTeul weliwadSi erT-erTi mowinave qveyana SeiZleba iyos
msoflioSi. magram modiT axla amas Tavi davaneboT da did brita-
neTSi gadavideT, sadac albaT cotas Tu smenia rame azerbaijanis
Sesaxeb.
me ra Tqma unda saqmis kursSi var, rom somxeTma miitaca didi ra-
odenobis teritoriebi, romlebic saerTaSoriso samarTlis mier
aRiarebulia, rogorc azerbaijanis kuTvnileba.
1990 wlis 20 ianvris monaTxrobis msgavsad, romlis mixedviT sab-
WoTa armia SeiWra azerbaijanis dedaqalaq baqoSi da rasac mravali
udanaSaulo adamianis daRupva mohyva, somxeTTan arsebuli kon-
fliqti ukanaskneli epizodia qveynisa, romelic didi xnis manZilze
Tavis mezobelTa samiznes warmoadgenda.
TviTmxilvelebs, romelTac xojalis tragedia, ufro sworad,
genocidi gadaitanes araerTxel vTxovdiT TavianTi saSineli is-
toria moeTxroT.
am movlenebis dros me SotlandiaSi vcxovrobdi da ar maxsovs
mesmoda Tu ara masze raime. zogjer Znelia imis Tqma, rasac im dros
23
isini iyvnen iq... interviu
giyvebodnen, radganac didi dro gavida, magram rogorc mere gamax-
senda xojalis tragedia msoflios didma nawilma icoda.
2011 wlis daswyisSi davTanmxdi Sevxvedrodi im adamianebs, vinc
es tragedia gadaitanes imisaTvis, rom SemdgomSi es yvelaferi game-
analizebina da wignSi Semetana.
rodesac pirvel saxlSi SevediT, rogorc aq aris miRebuli,
azerbaijanuli stumarTmoyvareobam aiRo pirveloba da Cai da
tkbileuli SemogvTavazes. sadilis magida gverdiT gamoswies da
yvelani mis irgvliv movkalaTdiT. faqtobrivad ase iyo TiTqmis
yvela saxlSi romelsac vestumreT. ojaxis erT-erTi wevri hyvebo-
da imas Tu rogor gadaitanes SuRli. dakarguli axloblebisa da na-
Tesavebis fotoebs gvaCvenebdnen, romelzec gamosaxul adamianebs
Zalian hgavdnen ojaxis axalgazrda SviliSvilebi.
istoriebis mosmenis Semdeg me im sabediswero Rames momxdaris
suraTis aRdgena daviwye, rodesac uamravi adamiani iqna mokluli.
sakuTar Tavs vekiTxebodi, Tu ras vizamdi msgavs situaciaSi? sa-
kuTar TavSi is azri daviWire, rom tragediamde didi xniT adre
davtovebdi iqaurobas. albaT ar meyofoda Zala da gambedaoba, rom
sakuTar saxlSi darCenis gadawyvetileba mimeRo. amitom SeuZlebe-
lia am adamianebiT, amaTi simamaciTa da erTmaneTisadmi TanagrZno-
biT ar aRvfrTovanebuliviyavi. im faqtma, rom maTi axali mtrebi
adre maTive megobrebi iyvnen namdvilad mwvave tkivili momayena.
sxavdasxva mizeziT Cven Cvensave msgavs adamianebTan cxovreba
gvinda. xSirad erTmaneTis gverdiT mcxovreb adamianebs erTnairi
Semosavali da ganaTleba aqvT. rogorc wesi, Cven ar miveswrafviT
imaTTan Tanacxovrebas, vinc Cven ar gvgavs. amitom gasakviri ar
unda iyos, rom yarabaxi Tavis TavSi aerTianebda eTnikurad araerT-
gvarovan azerbaijanelebsa da somxebs, magram isini erTmaneTis
megobrebi iyvnen. maT Soris qorwinebis faqtebsac hqonda adgili.
istoriulad es miwa azerbaijans ekuTvnoda da es yvelam ico-
da. amitom rodesac somxeTma yarabaxze pretenziebi wamoayena aman
namdvili Soki gamoiwvia somxebis gverdigver mcxovreb azerbai-
janelebSi. magram me mainc damrCa STabeWdileba, rom cocxlad ga-
darCenilebs, romlebsac Cven SevxvdiT azradac ki ar mouvidodaT
TavSi, rom msgavsi ram moxdeboda da yvelaferi maTi xocviTa da iqi-
dan gandeviT dasruldeboda, rom zamTris susxian Rames adamianebs
sakuTari saxlebis datoveba da gadarCenaze zrunva mouwevdaT.
isini Tvalcremliani yvebodnen, xolo Cven am yvelafers diqto-
fonze viwerdiT. sainteresoa ramdenjer iyo es istoriebi moTxro-
24
bili? meramdened uxdebodaT am adamianebs am tragediis gadatana?
Cvenma mTargmnelma pauza gaakeTa. mas Tvalebi cremliT
hqonda savse. man agvixsna, rom raRac droiT mas ar SeeZlo
gaegrZlebina Targmna. amjerad Cven iaseman gasanovs vusmen-
diT, romelic sxvebTan SedarebiT axalgazrda iyo, radganac
tragediis momentSi igi mxolod 12 wlis iyo.
momdevno jerze rodesac me cocxlad gadarCenilebTan
sasaubrod sanatoriumSi mivedi (sanatoriums samjer vest-
umre) ramdenadme momzadebuli viyavi. sinamdvileSi iasemanis
naambobma ramdenadme gamomafxizla (ix. gv: 57). vxvdebodi,
rom SedarebiT cincxal istorias vismendi da ukve araferi
mesaqmeboda im seriul movlenebTan romlebic oci wlis wi-
naT moxda.
yovel jerze adamianebi romlebTanac Sexvedra miwevda
samSobloSi dabrunebis survils gamoxatavdnen.
Cemi Svili ambobs: „rogorc ki gavigeb, rom saxlSi dab-
runeba SegviZlia mTel gzas fexSiSvela gavivli“.
Sokirebuli da imedgacruebuli var am adamianebis umweo-
biT da mas bolo ar uCans. cxovrebis mZime pirobebi ojaxebs
samuSaos Sovnas urTulebs.
Tumca pirovnuli Rirsebis grZnoba cocxlad gadarCe-
nilTagan cxovrebis tradiciuli wesis miyolas moiTxovs,
rodesac moxucebze axalgazrdebi zrunaven. cocxlad ga-
draCenilebs daRupuli axloblebisa da naTesavebis ojaxis
wevrebze dabavSvebze zrunva improvizirebul binaSi, sivi-
wroveSi uwevT, magram gaWirvebis miuxdevad mainc qorwind-
ebian da zrdian STamomavlobas.
madloba imisaTvis, rom mobrZandiT, - amboben isini. mniS-
vneloba ara aqvs rogor vyvebiT Cven amis Sesaxeb, sul erTia
is mainc ar dasruldeba, imdenad ramdenadac im Rames Zal-
ze bevri ram moxda. madloba imisaTvis, rom ase grZeli gza
gamoiareT.
TanagrZnobis sityvebi aris is, rac maTTvis SegviZlia ar
daviSuroT da davweroT amis Sesaxeb. gamovideT da mTeli
msoflios gasagonad xmamaRla viyviroT, magram gaigebs ki
vinme? aris ki vinme iseTi vinc am yvelafers gulTan axlos
miitans?
interviueri fiona maklahlani, 2011 weli.
25
Samil alekberdi (foto: frederika lengeinis)

exmareba gadarCenilTa jgufs, romlebmac miaRwies aRdamamde
26
mSenebloba gaagrZeleT, magram icodeT,
rom _ Tqven waxvalT
Samil sabir-oRlu, aseve cnobilia rogorc Samil alekberli
sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebis „xojalis genocidis aRiarebis“ Tavm-
jdomare baqoSi 2011 wlis 19 oqtombrs Semxvda.
pirveli viyavi, vinc informacia miitana da mravali foto ga-
daiRo. pirveli Jurnalisti viyavi, romelmac gazeT „sexars“ (dila)
informacia gadasca ... Cemi coli xojalidanaa da me nebayoflobiT
wavedi xojalSi im mZime dros.
Tumca 23 wlis viyavi Cvens gazeTs seriozuli gamocemis reputa-
cia hqonda. 1990 wels milioni egzemplari gamovida. man gaavrcela
axali ambavi imis Sesaxeb, rom ruseTma 20 ianvars baqos okupacia
moaxdina. amitom Cems reportaJebs seriozulad ekidebodnen.
rogorc Samili xsnis, 1990 wels xojals qalaqis statusi mieniWa.
es iq mSeneblobis dawyebas niSnavda. iq somxeTidan da mezobeli xan-
kendidan devnili azrebaijanelTaTvis finur saxlebs aSenebdnen.
me mSnebelobaze vmuSaobdi, ramdenadac samSeneblo ganaTlebac
mqonda. samuSaoebs azerbaijanis mTavroba afinasebda.
me var mowme imisa, Tu rogor izrdeboda somxuri agresia.
imave dros xojalis mimdebare soflebi, kerZod nureguxi da
sxva okupirebul iqna somxebis mier. nureguxSi jalaelTa musul-
manuri sasaflao iyo, romelic somxebma gaanadgures. es jer kidev
1970-ian welebSi moxda. nureguxi xojalidan ori-sami kilometris
manZilzea.
tragediamde cota xniT adre somxebs sasacilod ar yofnidaT
Cveni mSenebloba da gveubnebodnen: „kargiT, Tqven SegiZliaT mSene-
bloba gaagrZeloT, magram icodeT, rom Tqven waxvalT“. isini gves-
rodnen sanam Cven vmuSaobdiT.
zogjer Cven avtobusiT askeronis gavliT agdamSi wasvla gvi-
wevda. agdamSi azerbaijanelebi cxovrobdnen, xolo askeronSi
somxebi. ukan dabrunebulebs somxebi qvebs gvesrodnen da fanjrebs
amtvrevdnen, zogjer vinc avtobusSi iyo travmebs iRebdnen. isini
gvemuqrebodnen da amtkicebdnen, rom es maTi miwaa da xojali maT
ekuTvniT. maxsovs, rom es daaxloebiT 1991 wlis noemberSi moxda.
avtobusSi viyavi roca es ambavi moxda.
somxebma TandaTanobiT aseTi mogzaurobani SeuZlebeli gaxades.
maT gza gadaketes askeronis cixesTan, arada misi gavliT gadioda
SuSisken mimavali gza. cixesimagre iq 250 weli iyo. TanadaTan xo-
jali blokadaSi moeqca.
meSali, jamili, kiarkijaxani da kosalari - es xojalis mimdebare
27
soflebia romelic somxebma miitaces. 1991 wlis 15 dekemebrs maT
jamili daikaves da oTxi azerbaijaneli mokles. 1991 wlis 23 dekem-
bers maT mesali gadawves xolo 1991 wlis 28 dekembers kosalari.
ris Sedegad mravali adamiani daiRupa. am yvelafris erT-erTi saza-
reli Sedegi is iyo, rom mesalSi ToTxmeti wlis moswavle cocxlad
daiwva skolis SenobaSi.
me mesmoda, rom es yovelive xojalisadmi somxebis teritori-
uli swrafvis Sedegi iyo da qvecnobierad is azri dameufla, rom
mzaddeboda xojalis aReba.
rodesac 1991 wlis oqtomberSi azerbaijanma damoukidebloba
gamoacxada asamde adamianis jgufma Tavdacvis batalioni Camoay-
aliba. daaxloebiT 1991 wlis bolosa da 1992 wlis dasawyisSi me
somxebis mxridan xojalis mosalodneli okupaciis Sesaxeb werile-
bi gamovaqveyne ramdenime gazeTSi.
TviTdacvas bagil gulievi xelmZRvanelobda baqodan. 1991
wlis bolos is moelaparaka rusul 366-e polks, rom dasaxmareblad
ori tanki da iaraRiT savse sabargo manqana gamoegzavnaT. miuxeda-
vad imisa, rom es yvelaferi azrebaijanelebs ekuTvnoda, maT isini
xanakendis somxebs gadasces.
Samilis azriT maSin azerbaijanis prezidentze mniSvnelovan ze-
wolas axdendnen, rom mas rusebis miTiTebebi Seesrulebina.
aseve agil gulievi dakavebuli iyo zeTisa da fqvilis Semotanis
organizebiT, magram es yvelaferi isev xanakendSi moxvda.
1992 wlis 28 noembers rusebma da somxebma agdamidan SuSisken
mimaval gzaze vetmfreni Camoagdes da amiT faqtobrivad sahaero
gzebis blokireba moaxdines. ris Semdeg xojali sabolood bloka-
daSi moeqca. male wylis, eleqtroenergiisa da sursaTis miwodebis
problema gaCnda.
mSenebloba Sewyda. me nebayoflobiT jamilSi wavedi mawavlebe-
lad, romlis aRebis Semdeg adamianebi agdamSi, Semdeg bardSi gada-
viyvane.
mdgomareoba ufro da ufro kritikuli xedboda.
1992 wlis 29 noembers fotosuraTebTan erTad baqoSi CavaRwie,
sadac gamovaqveyne statia imis Sesaxeb, rom mTavroba Cveni miwebis
dacvis organizebas ver axdenda, maSin rodesac somxebi erTi meoris
miyolebiT itacebdnen Cvens miwa-wyals.
1992 wlis 11 Tebervals xojalis 17 mcxovrebi CemTan erTad
baqoSi prezidentTan Sesaxvedrad gaemarTa. Cven daxmarebisa da
Tavdacvis Txovnas vapirebdiT. Cven ver SevxvdiT mas, samagierod
parlamentis ramdenime wevrs da TurqeTis elCs SevxvdiT. elCma pi-
roba mogvca yovelives moaxsenebda prezidents.
azerbaijanis uSiSroebis sabWos sxdoma 1992 wlis 12 Tebervals
Ramis 3 saaTze Catarda. Tavidan me miTxres, rom wasvla SemiZlia,
28
magram Semdeg gamaCeres. SeiZleba sxdoma saidumlo wesiT tarde-
boda, rom somxebis yuradReba ar miepyro. mTavrobam xojalis dauy-
oneblivi daxmarebis gadawyvetileba miiRo.
momdevno dRes 1992 wlis 13 Tebervals Cven SevxvdiT oficial-
ur pirebs da xojalisaTvis sursaTi miviReT. Tavidan igi Cven ag-
damSi CavitaneT da rusebTan molaprakebebi CavatareT, rom tvirTi
askeronis gavliT gaetarebina. Cven gvindoda iq sursaTis Catana da
iqidan ramdenime asakovani adamianis gayvana. magram Cven amis neba
ar mogvces. gadatanili mRelvarebebis gamo me mTlad gavTeTrdi,
Tumca 23 wlis viyavi.
sursaTi da tanisamosi agdamSi azerbaijanel jariskacebs ga-
daveciT im imediT, rom egeba maT SeZlebodaT Tundac mciredi
nawilis miwodeba xojalis mosaxleobisaTvis. fizuli rustamovma
SeZlo cxenebiT gadaetana am yvelafris garkveuli nawili xojalSi.
rac Zalze sarisko da saSiSi saqme iyo, ramdenadac tye somxebiT iyo
savse. amJamad igi erovnuli gmiria.
Cven movaxerxeT rusebis mosyidva da vetmfrenis arendiT aReba
imisaTvis, rom xojalisaTvis sursaTi migvewodebina. Tavidan sur-
saTi CamovyareT, radganac dajdoma ver SevZeliT. mogvianebiT daj-
doma movaxerxeT da 70 Zalagamoleuli adamiani agdamSi CaviyvaneT.
mravali saSineleba xdeboda. SemeZlo bevri ram momeyola
TqvenTvis.
mcire sofeli saxelad garadalgi somxebis mier iyo okupirebu-
li. es marTlac mcire mosaxliani sofeli iyo, magram 70 azerbaijan-
eli iqna mokluli da silosis bunkerebSi damarxuli.
iq iyo ori Zma. erTs alovi erqva (rac „cecxlis als“ niSnavs),
xolo meores ateSi (rac „cecxls“ niSnavs). maTi saxelebis Sesabam-
isad erTi Zma dawves, meore daxvrites.
somexma vinme melkqenianma fexmZime qali mokla, gaufatra mas
muceli da iqidan bavSvi amoiyvana.
me agdamSi viyavi da vgrZnobdi, rom momdevno xojali iqneboda.
1992 wlis 24 da 25 Tebervals azerbaijanis mTavroba xojalis mo-
saxleobis gadasarCen zomebs mimarTavda, magram es sakmarisi ar iyo.
1992 wlis 26 Tebervals diliT me SelSi viyavi da daWrilebs
Sevxvdi, romlebic tyidan gamodiodnen da maTgan gavige rac moxda.
srola Cvengan Zalian axlos mimdinareobda. Cven tyeSi wavediT, rom
daWrilebi gvepova. Cven adgilobrivi moxalise axalgazrda azer-
baijanelebi gvexmarebodnen. Cven iaraRi ar gvqonda. somxebi sro-
las agrZelebdnen. tyidan yvirili gvesmoda.
Cven benzingasamarT sadguramde mivaRwieT. mTeli teritoria
daWrilebiT iyo savse. adamianebi garbodnen, magram maT kvlavinde-
burad esrodnen. Cven daRupulTa datoveba mogvixda, imitom rom
daWrilebi gadagveyvana agdamSi. adgilobrivma mcxovreblebma neba
29
dagvrTes maTi manqanebi wagveyvana daWrilTa gadasayvanad.
adgilobrivebTan erTad xojalSi xankendidan gadmosulebi da
Turqi-mesxebi cxovrobdnen. Turqebi finur saxlebSi cxovrobdnen
da pirvelebi daxvrites, radganac maTi saxlebi xis iyo da tyvia
maTSi advilad aRwevda.
im dRes me Sokirebuli viyavi da ar mjeroda rac moxda. mxolod
saRamos SevZeli baqosTan dakavSireba. wavedi agdamis centralur
safosto ganyofilebaSi, rom telefoniT mesargebla. rodesac vac-
nobe baqos, rom asze meti adamiania mokluli, maT me ar damijeres.
mogvianebiT gavige, rom azerbaijanis informaciis saxelmwifo
saagentos cnobiT ori adamiani iyo daRupuli, magram me SevZeli
damemtkicebina, rom asze meti adamiania mokluli. yvela azrebai-
janulma gazeTma gaimeora is rac oficialurma saagentom gadmos-
ca, xolo Cemi gazeTi Cemeuli saTauriT daibeWda.
1992 wlis 27 Tebervals Tomas holcis Semdeg agdamSi sxva Ju-
rnalistebic movidnen. maTTvis specialuri samxedro vetmfreni
iyo ayvanili da maT TavianTi TvaliT naxes ngreva da mkvleloba da
yovelive rasac somxebi Cadiodnen.
magram baqoSi kvlavindenurad ar sjerodaT momxdari.
me gavamJRavne firi Cemo fotoaparatidan. es ar iyo profesi-
uli fotoebi magram mainc movaxerxe maTi gadagzavna. 4 marts Cemma
gazeTma dabeWda statia: „sisxlmdinare azerbaijani“ romelSic Cemi
fotoebi iyo gamoyenebuli.
Canda, rom agdamis adgilobriv xelisuflebas eSinoda CvenTvis
daxmarebis gawevis. Cven vgrZnobdiT maT ar SeeZloT tragediis Se-
Cereba.
Samili agrZelebda situaciis axsnas da Tavis dakvirvebebs gviz-
iarebda.
xojalis mcxovrebni uZvelesi droidan iyvnen qebulni TavianTi
SromismoyvareobiTa da warmatebuli soflis meurneobiT.
sulisSemxuTavi iyo is, rom bavSvebis mimarT aranairi mowyaleba
ar iqna gamovlenili. mama TokiT Sekres da mis Tvalwin dawves rva
wlis gogona. mas tevekul amirovs eZaxdnen.
faig almamedovi, baqoeli studenti xanakendSi wavida da iq cixe-
Si daxvrites.
xojalSi 613 adamiani mokles. xojalis mosaxleoba 7000 adamians
Seadgenda, magram tragediis momentSi iq 3000 adamiani imyofeboda.
TiTqmis yoveli mesame fizikurad dazaralda. gaiTvaliswineT, rom
mravali daiWra sxvebi ki ase Tu ise dasaxiCrda.
1275 adamiani qalaqis okupaciis dRes tyved iqna ayvanili. maT-
gan zogierTi Semdeg gauSves. arsebobs araofiacialuri informa-
cia, rom tyveebi erevanSi Caiyvanes aqedan libiaSi an siriaSi sadac
maTi Sinagani organoebi donoris saxiT gayides. zogierTi ki saqa-
30
rTvelos gavliT gaiyvanes.
rva ojaxi mTlianad ganadgurebul iqna.
SesaZlebelia daRupulTa raodenobis amsaxveli cifri 613 ar
iyos saboloo, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom 155 ugzo-ukvlodaa dak-
arguli da gasaTvaliswinebelia mRelvarebiT gamowveuli naadrevi
sikvdili.
somxeTma okupirebuli teritoriis datovebis Sesaxeb gaeros
yvela rezoluciis ignorireba moaxdina. yarabaxis konfliqtTan
dakavSirebuli gaeros rezoluciebi ar Sesrulda.
somxeTi ocnebeobs Tavis qveyanaze romelic or zRvas Sua iqneba
gadaWimuli da mgonia, rom ruseTi, aSS da safrangeTi (euTos mins-
kis jgufis wvrebi) exmarebian somxebs am ocnebis axdenaSi.
is, rac Cven gvinda, es saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis mxridan mx-
ardaWeris miRebaa. omis safrTxe jer kidev arsebobs. Cven gvinda,
rom xojalis genocidi saerTaSoriso doneze iyo aRiarebuli. Cven
gvinda somxeTis, rogorc agresoris dasja.
Cven gvinda rom somxeTis prezidentebi, moqmedi da yofilebi
warsdgnen sasamarTlos winaSe. serJ sarqisianma (somxeTis prezi-
denti intervius Catarebisas. - redaqtori) ori wlis winaT safran-
geTSi ganacxada, rom igi xojalis tragediaSi monawileobas iRebda.
seiran oganiani (intervius Catarebis dros somxeTis Tavdacvis
ministri. - redaqtori) 366-e polkis me-2-e batalions meTaurobda,
romelmac genocidi moawyo.
Cven gvinda, rom es adamianebi warsdgnen evropuli sasamarTlos
winaSe, ramdenadac isini iyvnen uSualo monawileebi iyvnen da damna-
Saveebad unda iqnen cnobili da dasjili.
gansakuTrebiT amaRelvebeli iyo Samilis ukanaskneli sityvebi:
me minda vixilo samyaro sazRvrebis gareSe, sadac adamianebi
erTmaneTs ugeben. Tuki adamianebs erTmaneTi arafrad ar uRirT,
maSin es kacobriobis aRsarulia. Cven unda bolo movuRoT am erT-
maneTis arafrad Cagdebas da samxedro winaaRmdegobas.
interviueri fiona maklahlani
31
jeiran azizova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

cxovrobs daba pirSagSi, xojaloSi gadarCenilTa Soris
32
igi mZevlis saxiT gamoiyenes
me 35 wlis viyavi rodesac xojalidan wamovedi. Cemi samive Svi-

li daojaxebulia da sami SviliSvili myavs. tragediis momentSi Cemi
Svilebi 12 da 13 wlis asakSi iyvnen.
maxsovs, vfiqrobdi, rom ase arasodes ar iqneba ...
saRamos cxraze maT xojals tankebiT alya Semoartyes. rogorc
televizorSi nanax omebSia xolme. maT srola daiwyes tankebidan da
damianebi TavianT saxlebs tovebdnen. ruseTis armiis 366-e polki
imaT winaaRmdeg iyo mimarTuli vinc xojalSi imyofeboda. me pol-
kis poziciebidan 200 metris daSorebiT komunalur meurneobaSi
vmuSaobdi.
Cemi meuRle (vasif mamedovi), romelic im dros 24 wlis iyo saxl-
Si movida da gviTxra, rom somxebi masirebul srolebze gadavidnen
da Semdeg mezoblebis gasafrTxileblad wavida.
xojalidan gasasvleli gza mdinare gargarze gadioda da Cven iq-
iTken gavemarTeT, rom Semdeg agdamSi gadavsulviyaviT. yvela gza
gadaketili iyo, amitom xojalidan mxolod sahaero transportiT
Tu gaaRwevda kaci.
Cven vCqarobdiT. mdinare ganieri iyo, gayinuli da Rrma. yinulis
mtvreva gviwevda, radgan mdinare gaiyina. es swrafi mTis mdinarea.
adamianTa didi raodenoba mdinaris gziT midioda. aRmasrulebeli
mTavrobis meTauri adamianebs wasvlisken mouwodebda. man Tqva,
rom arCevani ar arsebobs ...
yvelas surda gadarCena. Cven Tbili tansacmeli ar gvqonda da
sityvebiT Znelia imis gadmocema rasac vgrZnobdiT. Cveni ojaxi,
Cemi daWrili qmris CaTvliT xuTi adamianisagan Segeboda.
aRmovCndiT ra mdinaris meore mxares, Cven gavigeT, rom mravali
adamiani gaiyina. avadmyofebi, moxucebi, bavSvebi ... Ronieri mamak-
acebi postis dacvas cdilobdnen, magram es rTuli iyo, ramdenadac
maT ar SeeZloT tankebisaTvis winaaRmdegobis gaweva.
win mimavali adamianebi gvicavdnen, risTvisac daxvretiliqnen.
tyeSi, naxCivanikSi sadac somxebi cxovrobdnen mravali gadarCe-
nili daxvrites. magram Cven sxva arCevani ar gvqonda da naxCevanCi-
kis gavliT wasvla mogvixda. iq 366-e polkis tankebi iyo, romlebic
Cven, mSvidobian mosaxleobas gvesrodnen.
gamTenisas Cemi qmari win wavida. igi daWrili iyo. mec daWrili
viyavi xolo Cemi 12 wlis vaJiSvili jeixuni mxarSi iyo daWrili. me
33
mas Tovli davade Wrilobaze. me arasodes davtovebdi mas.
Cvens jgufSi oTxi adamiani iyo. me bavSviT da kidev mamakaci ga-
far zeimala (52 wlis) Tavis qaliSvil sevinj aslamovasTan erTad
(18 wlis). oTxive somxebma mZevlebad agviyvanes. me vTxove xeli ar
exloT Cemi SvilisTvis. me Tan mqonda CanTa, romelSic fuli da
Zvirfaseuloba medo da Svilis sanacvlod is SevTavaze. Tavi gas-
isxlianebuli mqonda. maT kvlavindeburad Svilis warTmeva undo-
daT.
maT Cven somxur ojaxs Cagvabares, romelsac baqoSi vaJi hyavda.
me medikamentebi viTxove da Svils Wriloba movbane.
(Txrobisas gakeTda Sesveneba da bodiSi mogvixades imisaTvis,
rom xojalSi ver gviwvevn maspinZlobas).
aravin ar icoda, rom Cven iq viyaviT. am ojaxis mozardebi iZule-
buli gaxades, rom sabrZolod wasuliyvnen. somxebs tyveTa gacvlis
mowyoba undodaT. maTi Svili baqoSi cixeSi ijda (jer kidev sabWoTa
dros, yarabaxis omamde gasamarTlebuli).
somxuri ojaxi ar iyo keTilmosurne, magram Cveni damalviT isi-
ni fiqrobdnen rom TavianT SvilSi gagvcvlidnen. Cven amis gareSec
fizikurad vitanjebodiT amitom isini aRar gvawamebdnen.
Cemma Svilma Tqva, rom unda gavqceuliyaviT magram me agdamisken
mimavali gza ar vicodi, Tanac jer kidev momjobinebulni ar viya-
viT. mamakaci sakmaod moxuci iyo. gogonas fexebi gaeyina, xolo me
da Cemi Svili daWrilebi viyaviT. gaqceva sarisko iyo somxebi sro-
las dagviwyebdnen. ojaxSi imaTi 12 wlis vaJiSvli iyo, romelic Cem
SvilTan erTad wyalze wavida. dabrunebisas Cemma Svilma miTxra
rom gaqceva SeuZlebelia.
somxur da azerbaijanul mxares yavda jgufebi romelTac See-
ZloT tyveTa gacvla. me imedi mqonda, rom gacvlisTvis gamoiZa-
xebdnen mamas an mis qaliSvilis, magram somxebma Tqves, rom me unda
wavsuliyavi. me Cemi Svilis maTTan datoveba momixda.
me sakmao informacia movipove maTi Svilis Sesaxeb da 8 dRis Sem-
deg me gamiSves imisaTvis rom baqos cixidan maTi Svili gamenTavi-
suflebina.
somxebma agdamSi azerbaijanelebs acnobes, rom Cemi dabruneba
undaT da rac Seasrules kidec askeran-agdamis saguSagoze. Cemi
ojaxi baqoSi wasayvanad agdamSi melodeboda. isini fiqrobdnen rom
me movkvdi rodesac baqoSi davbrundi ojaxis danarCen wevrebs ar
jerodaT rom me Svili somxur ojaxSi davtove.
baqoSi me sxvadasxva instanciaSi siaruli mominda. aman 2 Tve wai-
34
Ro. didi daxmareba gamiwies Cemma naTesavebma. me vnaxe somexi cixeSi.
baqos prokuraturam satelefono kavSiris organizeba moaxdina. me
velaparake im ojaxis Svils da davaimede isini, rom saqmis warmate-
biT dasrulebis gzaze vdgavar.
kidev erTi qali romlisganac Cven interviu aviReT Tavis
meuRleze yveba da tirils iwyebs, radganac igi daxvrites roca is
mZevlad yavdaT ayvanili.
gasamarTlebuli somexi baqos cixidan barbSi iqna wayvanili da
mec iqiTken wavedi. azerbaijanelebze gasacvlel somexTa raodeno-
ba 12 kacs Seadgenda. somxebi matarebliT waiyvanes xolo me manqaniT
wavedi agdamis gavliT. me TviTdacvis mebrZolebTan erTad asker-
anSi wavedi. Cems naTesav mamakacebs TviTom undodaT wasvla, magram
me ar daveTanxme da TviTon wavedi. me vnaxe baqos cixidan moyvanili
somexi askeranSi da davarwmune igi, rom misTvis cudi ar mindoda.
azerbaijanelebis TanxlebiT me igi gaviyvane gasacvlelad.
Stab bina gacvlisTvis mdebareobda agdamSi da mas alaxvedi ba-
girovi xelmZRvanelobda. SemdegSi igi minaze afeTqda. vitali ki
xojalidan gacvlis organizaciuli sakiTxebis mogvarebiT iyo da-
kavebuli. me vTqvi, rom somexs im sam adamianze vcvli romelic jer
kidev somexis ojaxSi imyofebodnen. me es SevZeli. tyve somexs kar-
len ainuniani erqva.
tragediis Rames Cemi dedamTili da 20 axlo naTesavi daiRupa.
askeranis saguSagoze rodesac me xelaxlad Sevxvdi Cems Svils
ganZreva da sityvis Tqma ar SemeZlo. es 28 aprils moxda. gacvla di-
lis 9-10 an dRis 1-2 saaTebs Soris moxda.
Cemi Svili arasodes ar ereva rodesac me Cems istorias vyvebi
misTvis dRemde mZimea am yvelafris gaxseneba. Cveni omi televi-
zorSi gvinaxavs, magram is rac gadavitaneT televizorSi nanaxs ar
hgavda. iq aranairi wesi ar arsebobda. aravis ar indobdnen.
ufrosi vaJi gviyveba, Tu rogor aCvenebdnen tyveTa gacvlisas
dedamiss televizorSi.
Cveuli sacxovrisidan moSorebulni, yarabaxis gareSe Cven viR-
upebiT.
interviueri fiona maklahlani
35
humai abasova ojaxis wevrTa suraTebiT, romlebic iq dakar-

ga, cxovrobs daba pirSagSi (foto: fiona maklahanis)
36
Cven somxebs novruzis CanTebi

miveciT
humai-hanimis istoria imaT grZnobebs asaxavs vinc ga-

darCa, magram somexTa tyveobaSi myofma damcireba gadaita-
na. igi jer kidev mwavaved ganicdida im damcirebasa da araa-
damianur mopyrobas romelic man da misma ojaxma gamoiara.
misTvis dRemde gaugebaria ratom daingra misi idiliuri
cxovreba. amJamad 80 wlis asakSi man dakarga meuRle da Tavi-
si 4 vaJiSvili. isini mamasTan erTad tyved aiyvanes rodesac
tyis gavliT mirbodnen.
Cven saRamos 7 saaTze gamovediT da agdamisken tyis gav-
liT gavemarTeT... fexSiSvlebi... TovlSi. Cems qmars TiTebi
moeyina, xolo me fexebi mravali adamiani daiRupa tyeSi. Cven
iq didi dro gavatareT da grZeli gza gamoviareT manam sanam
tyved ar CavvardiT. irgvliv tye iyo da amis gamo bevri ga-
darCa.
Cemi erT-erTi vaJiSvili mokles, xolo meore tyved ai-
yvanes. igi rogorRac televizorSi aCvenes magram mis Sesaxeb
dRemde araferia cnobili.
Cven askeranSi dagviWires da tyved agviyvanes... asker-
anSi bevrni viyaviT... qalebi da kacebi erTmaneTisagan ga-
moacalkeves... Cven gvcemdnen... mamakacebs Sards asxamdnen
Tavze... maT awamebdnen, afurTxebdnen klavdnen ise rogorc
cxovelebs... Cven qalebiT gadaWedil oTaxSi vyavdiT... gve-
muqrebodnen rom cocxlad dagvwvavdnen... Cven gardacvli-
lebze da tyveebze gvcvlidnen-erTi meTauri ormocdaaT
tyveSi... Cemi qmari cemes, igi ukan momaval gzaze gardaicva-
la... aravis ise ar klavdnen rogorc adamianebs xojalidan. me
jer kidev cocxali var, magram Svilebi davkarge.
somxuri agresiis dawyebamde xojalSi gaiyvanes gazi,
wyali da telefoni. es lamazi qalaqi iyo Tavisi bunebrivi
wyaroebiT. qalaqs gverdiT Camoudioda mdinare gargari...
marjvniv xankendi iyo, marcxniv ki xojali. Sendeboda axali
Senobebi da igeboda gzebi.
37
ZiriTadad es sasoflo-sameurneo qalaqi iyo sadac mra-
vali rZis produqti iwarmoeboda. mosaxleoba 7 000 kacs
Seadgenda; qalaqs qonda Tavisi kulturis saxli da aRmas-
rulebeli organo. 1990 wels mas oficialurad qalaqis sta-
tusi mianiWes. Cven koconebs vanTebdiT novruzis dResas-
waulisaTvis da mas stadionze avRniSnavdiT. vamtvrevdiT
kvercxebs bavSvebi TavianT qudebs Sesasvlel karebTan awy-
obdnen, rom tkbileuli moegrovebinaT, xolo mezoblebi
erTmaneTs stumrobdnen... Cven megobrulad viyaviT ganwyo-
bili somxebis mimarT. Cven maT novruzis dResaswaulisaTvis
gankuTvnil CanTebs (tkbileuliT savse) vCuqnidiT da vin if-
iqrebda, rom isini aseT rames Caidendnen.
rodesac agdamidan gamoviqeciT Cven saxlis karebi gava-
ReT Sinauri frinvelebisaTvis da xorbali davuyareT maT,
rom qaTmebi ar daxociliyvnen... Cven vimedovnebdiT, rom es
yvelaferi droebiTi iyo. bevrma vinc tragedias Tavi daaR-
wia momxdaris gacnobierebam Seiwira.
amJamad Cven didi siZneleebi gvaqvs. Cem Svils uwevs imis
Tqma, rom Cven araferi ar gagvaCnia, xojalSi arasodes aseTi
ram ar yofila.
interviueri ien perti
38
rodesac me avdeqi, irgvliv

momakvdavi adamianebi davinaxe
fazilia-xanums kvlavindeburad cxadad axsovs im Ramis

movlenebi. is erTaderTi ar aris imaT Soris visac axsovs man-
qana naxCivanikTan, romelic cecxls afrqvevda tyis gavliT
morbenalTa Tavze. imaT Soris vinc tyviebis wvima gadaitanes
mravlad iyvnen isini, visac ukan dabruneba da sxvebisaTvis
daxmareba surdaT.
im Rames Cven alesker novruzovTan (Saxibe mustafaevas
qmari gv: 53), rom gagvego, Tu ra xdeboda. movidnen adamiane-
bi da Tqves, rom tankebi venaxebs moadgnen. Cven gadavwyviteT
aleskeris saxlSi darCena: man ramdenime tyvia dagvitova,
rom Tavi dagvecva. amis Semdeg gaafTrebuli srola daiwyo
Cven gvegona, rom igi male Sewydeboda magram ara.
daaxloebiT Ramis 2 saaTze ramdenime axalgazrda adamiani
movida da gviTxra, rom somxebi qalaqSi Semodian da saWiroa
gaqceva. Cven finuri saxlebisaken wavediT. aleskeri ar dab-
runda da gviTxres, rom tyeSi wavsulviyaviT.
yvelani tyisken gavemarTeT. me Cemi 2 Svili da biZaSvili
mexmareboda. gamTeniisas naxCivanikidan momavali somxuri
manqana davinaxeT; ramdenime axalgazrda gaiqca, rom igi gae-
CerebinaT im imediT, rom somxebi ver gvicnobdnen. 10 wuTis
Semdeg srola daiwyo. Cven miwaze xoxviT gavagrZeleT gza.
Cems gverdiT Cemi mezobeli daxvrites; amas Cemi Svilebi xe-
davdnen. tansacmeli mexeoda. rodesac wamovdeqi irgvliv mo-
makvdavi adamianebi davinaxe danarCenebi gzas agrZelebdnen.
maT Soris isini vinc gaqceva SevZeliT sofel Selis mi-
vaRwieT. zogierTebi tyeSi dabrundnen, rom sxvebs daxmare-
bodnen, magram maTi umravlesoba tyved Cavarda... Zalian
bevri daWrili iyo, adamianebi fizikuri da moraluri tan-
jvisagan iRupebodnen. dastirodnen maT vinc ugzod-uklod
daikarga; Cvens irgvliv adamianebi iRupebodnen.
me CustebiT movdiodi magram rodesac moasfaltebuli
gzidan gadavediT da tyes SevafareT Tavi Custebi gadavagde
39
fazilia gasanova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

`Cven mivxoxavdiT, adgoma Zalian saSiSi iyo”
40
raTa siaruli ar gamZneleboda. mTeli Cemi tansacmeli daxe-
uli iyo da rodesac Cven Sels mivaRwieT sisustes vgrZnobdi.
fizuli rustamozi dagvexmara Cven, rom soflamde
migveRwia, TviTon ki sxvebis dasaxmareblad tyeSi dabrun-
da. igi uSiSrad uyurebda sikvdils TvalebSi. igi mokles. is
erovnuli gmiria.
mTeli ojaxebi amowyvites. saswaulia, rom Cven gadavrCiT.
Cven uamrav momakvdav adamians vxedavdiT.
mravali azerbaijaneli xankenidan xojalSi gadasaxlda,
aSenda axali Senobebi da xojali qalaqi gaxda. Cven vfiqrob-
diT, rom somxebi ver aiRebdnen did ganviTarebad qalaqs, mx-
olod 366-e rusuli polkis daxmarebiT somxebma gaanadgures
xojalis mSvidobiani mosaxleoba.
41
lala askerova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

`Cven movrbodiT arafriT, xelSi gvekava mxolod sabani
42
rodesac miwa ganTavisufldeba,
is iqiT fexSiSvela gaiqceva
lala-xanumma ilaxi abasovis bebiam mogvca interviu Tavis
SviliSvilTan da xumai abasovTan erTad. xojalis Setevis dros is
Tavis 4 SviliSvilTan, romlebic daobldnen da romlebzec pasux-
ismgeblobac man sakuTar Tavze aiRo, agdamSi iyo. sami qalis isto-
riam erTmaneTi gadakveTa, igi maTi cxovrebis bednieri dReebidan
1992 wlis masobriv mkvlelobamde periods moicavs. am qalTaT-
vis Znelia imis gageba Tu ratom daingra aTeuli wlebis manZilze
naSenebi cxovreba.
Cemi siZe xojalSi mokles da mis oTx Svils Cven vzrdidiT. Cven
agdamSi or sarTuliani saxli gvqonda oTxi oTaxiT. Cven yarabaxis
yvelaze keTilmowyobil nawilSi vcxovrobdiT. saxli samxedro
bazasTan da wisqvilTan axlos mdebareobda. isini xSirad esrod-
nen Cvens saxls... maxsovs Tu rogor afeTqda „gradis“ Wurvebi da
rogor daiRupa axalgazrda gogona, romelic daniSnuli iyo. Cemi
qmari mSenebeli iyo. igi tragediamde gardaicvala. yarabaxze Sete-
vebi 1988 wlidan daiwyo. mosaxleoba mudmiv SiSsa da terorSi iyo,
ramac bevri adamiani Seiwira.
Cven ise gavrbodiT, rom araferi gagviyidia, mxolod pledebi
gveWira xelT, me iseT panikaSi viyavi gaqcevisas, rom Cemi ufrosi va-
Jis Zaxili arc gamigonia... maSin Cven mxolod gadarCenaze vfiqrob-
diT. iq Cven mkvdrebsa da cocxlebs Soris viyaviT... araviTari wi-
naswari gafrTxileba ar yofila ise moulodnelad daiwyo somexTa
Seteva. Cemi umcrosi Svili ambobs rom rodesac Cveni miwa ganTavi-
sufldeba is fexSiSveli gaiqceva iqiT, sadac yvelani fabrikebsa da
qarxnebSi vmuSaobdiT.
ilaxis SviliSvilma gogonam mcire komentari daamata Cvens in-
tervius romelic Seexeboda xojalis mdgomareobas gadamwyvet
dartymamde.
mamaCemi gadamwyvet dartymamde ori dRiT adre saguSagoze
mokles. maSin me Svidi wlis viyavi.
damamTavrebeli dartymis dRes me Cems ZmasTan da or dasTan er-
Tad agdamSi viyavi bebiasTan. xojalSi ar iyvnen eqimebi xolo mTe-
li gzebi somxebis mier iyo gadaketili amitom Cven agdamSi vertmf-
reniT gadagviyvanes.
43
nazaket huseinova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

`ra Tqmaunda, me minda dabruneba, Cven gviyvars Cveni miwa”.
44
xojalis msagavsi silamaze

arsad ar aris
nazaket xanumi gaunelebel tkivils grZnobs imitom, rom ar icis
ra daemarTa mis qmars; es kidev erTi aspeqtia romelic gaugebro-
bas iwvevs im adamianebSi, romelTac umsgavso Zaladoba gadaitanes.
Tumca sxvebis msgavsad mas ar SeeZlo saubari xojalis silamazis
gaxsenebis gareSe. sxvebis msgavsad isic sircxvilis grZnobas ganic-
dida imis gamo, rom tradiciul maspinZlobas ver gviwevda. amgvari
grZnobebi kidev ufro amZafreben gadatanil saSinelebebs da amas-
Tan erTad imediT avseben adamianis suls. TiTqos istoria meorde-
boda radganac yarabaxze Tavdasxmebi mefis ruseTis Zalauflebis
Sesustebas (1905 da 1918 ww.) da sabWoTa kavSiris daSlas daemTxva.
orive SemTxvevas Cveni respodentis naTesavebi Seewirnen. is Tavis
Svil rustamTan erTad pirSagis dasaxlebaSi cxovrobs. misma Svil-
ma xojalidan gadamofrenis dros Tvali dakarga, rodesac TerT-
meti wlis iyo, xolo qaliSvili xojalis yofil policiels gayva
colad. nazaketis qmari xojalSi ugzo-uklod daikarga.
tragediamde situacia saSineli iyo (mxedvelobaSia is Rame
rodesac maT xojali datoves). somexTa srolebi ar wydeboda
romelTa gamoc yovel Rames dasaZineblad sardafSi gviwevda Cas-
vla. Cven yvelas sardafebi gvqonda magram vcdilobdiT rom yvelas
erTi romelime saxlis sardafSi mogveyara Tavi. dRisiT mamakacebi
informaciis mosapoveblad soflis ganapiras midiodnen. Cven mud-
mivad Setevis molodinSi vimyofebodiT.
1988 wlis 18 seqtembers somxebma Seteva daiwyes... es iyo xelCar-
Tuli omi maT Robeebsa da sabZlebs waukides cecxli.
ratom daiwyo es yvelaferi? maT Cveni gagdeba undodaT iqidan.
maT Cveni teritoria undodaT. Cven stumarTmoyvareni viyaviT da
aseT mtrobas saerTod ar movelodiT.
nazarket-xanumis dedamTili Tavisi cxovrebis gaxsenebisas
xSirad saubrobda agresiis adrindel Semotevebze.
Cven gadavlaxeT mdinare gargari, jer kidev 1978 wels mdinaris
gadacurvis dros qals bavSvi wyalSi Cauvarda. soflis macxovre-
blebi ukan brundebodnen. kiTxvaze Tu ratom brundebodnen isini
ukan is pasuxobda, rom iq maTi winaparTa saflavebi iyo.
misi meuRle bakir guseinovi satransporto injineri iyo. xo-
jalis dacvis batalionis metauri tofik guseionovi misi Zma iyo.
45
baric 1991 wels Camoyalibebuli batalionis wevri gaxda ma-
gram rodesac Setevebi gaZlierda isini mixvdnen, rom ufro
organizebuli Tavdacva iyo saWiro.
Cven vimedovnebdiT rom sabWoTa jariskacebi dagvicavd-
nen. xojalSi iyvnen rusebi magram isini arasodes ar pa-
suxobdnen somxebs xolo Cven ki xels gviSlidnen sapasuxo
cecxlis gaxsnaSi.
saSinel istoriebs yvebodnen:
askeranSi somxebma manqana gaaCeres da Sig myofi adamian-
ebi cocxlad dawves maTi gvamebi RamiT damarxes.
Cven arasdros ar vfiqrobdiT wasvlaze. tofik guseinov-
ma Tqva: xojali erTaderTi adgilia sadac me movkvdebi.
im Rames (1992 wlis 25 da 26 Tebervals) somxebma Sete-
va daiwyes. isini adamianebs iaraRis mibjeniT klavdnen da
cocxlad wvavdnen. Cven gadavlaxeT mdinare gargari da tye-
Si gaviqeciT sadac gaviyaviT. Cemi meuRle da misi mSoblebi
ugzo-uklod daikargnen...
1992 wels Cvenamde ganTavisuflebulma tyvem moitana am-
bavi ,rom bakiri somxeTSi yavdaT. 1995 wels tyvem fizulidan
Tavdacvis erovnul saxelmwifos acnoba, rom igi SuSaSi yav-
daT da man iq bakiri naxa. arsebobs saxelmwifo komisia ro-
melic tyveebisa da ugzo-uklod dakargulTa saqmeebs ixi-
lavs.
bavSvebi gvekiTxebian: sad aris babua? babua mokles? Cven
qorwilis amsaxveli video masala gvaqvs romelzec bakiria
asaxuli, magram es yovelive Cven satkivars arafers Svelis...
Cems rZals mudmivad koSmarebi esizmreba; igi xedavs
somxebs romlebic mis Svils xeze abamen da awameben mas...
me bodiSs vixdi am saxlis mdgomareobis gamo. Cven xo-
jalSi Zalian lamazi saxli gvgqonda da me visurvebdi Tqvens
gamaspinZlebas iq.
Cven araferi ar wamogviRia... ubralod gavrbodiT. Wiqa
Caic ki ar dagvilevia. Cven saflavebic ki ar gvaqvs romleb-
sac SeiZleba, rom mouaroT. Cemi qmari daikarga.
me minda dabruneba. Cven gviyvars Cveni miwa-wyali yarab-
axis msgavsi silamaze arsad ar aris.
46
fizuli nagievi (foto: fiona maklahanis)

pirSagis dasaxlebaSi, mogonebebi...
47
nazilia salimova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

dedis suraTiT, TviTon nazilia gardaicvala Cveni intervius Semdeg
48
tansacmeli gaiyina da
gaxda sakmaod mZime
nazili-xanumisa da fizulis istoriebi mogonebaTa na-
kadSi ireva; maTi monaTxrobi aq im saxiTaa warmodgenili
ra saxiTac moxda maTi gaJRereba. fizulis sityvebSi jer
kidev igrZnoba gulis wyroma rodesac is Tavis imed gacrue-
bas gamoxatavs imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom xojalis saSineli
tragikuli movlenebis Semdeg araferi ar Secvlila da aseve
imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom damnaSaveebs amJamad xelmZRvane-
li da mniSvnelovani postebi ukaviaT. Tumca sasiamovno mo-
gonebebic iyo :
Cven TxuTmet metriani aivani gvqonda, sadac magida idga
da stumrebi bunebis xedebiT tkbebodnen. CvenTan stumrad
modiodnen samxedroebi da Jurnalistebi cnobili viyavi
stumarT moyvareobiT da pativs gvcemdnen imiT, rom begebis
STamomavlebi viyaviT... Cven SegveZlo weliwadSi samjer
agveRo mosavali... gvqonda vaSli, berZnuli Txili, atami
bostneuli, kartofili Cven maT arasodes ar vyidulobdiT.
baqoSi cxovrebis oci wlis manZilze arasodes minaxavs is
rasac me xojalSi vxedavdi. kamkama wyali, mdinaris xmauri,
sufTa haeri... imedi maqvs, rom es miwa okupantebisagan ganTa-
visufldeba da Cven SegveZleba iq wasvla dRemde maqvs imedi,
rom davbrundebi mSobliur adgilas, me vocnebob xojalze.
sizmrad vnaxe Cemi ayvavebuli baRi, mSobliuri adgil-mamu-
li. aseve damesizmra Cemi saxli romelic cecxlis alSi iyo
gaxveuli.
magram gardauvlad azrebi im Rames ubrundebian:
im Rames proJeqtorebi iyo anTebuli da dResaviT naTeli
idga... somxebi amtkicebdnen, rom usafrTxoebisaTvis dere-
fani iyo Seqmnili da adamianebs SeeZloT am gziT esargeb-
laT... yvelaferi cecxlis alSi gaexvia rodesac samxedro
manqanebma milsadeni daangries da srolebic daiwyo. qalaqis
ganapiras saxlebi iwvoda... Cven verafris wamoReba ver mo-
vaswariT im tansacmliT wamovediT romelic gvecva, zogi-
erTebi fexSiSvela modiodnen. xojali garSemortymuli iyo
somxuri dsaxlebebiT; agdamisken mxolod erTi gza midioda
isic mdinarisa da tyis gavliT amitom Cven ar SegveZlo daW-
rilebis wayvana. tye da Tovli nasroli raketebis mier ga-
49
naTebuli iyo. tanisamosi iyineboda da sakmaod mZimdeboda...
xojali ar daindes, Cvens irgvliv miwa daRupulTa gvamebiT
iyo dafaruli... RvTis ZaliT da saswauliT me agdamamde mi-
vaRwie.
srola imdenad intensiuri iyo, rom moxucebisa da daW-
rilebis wamoyvanis SesaZlebloba ar iyo... mravali winaRobis
gadalaxva da Tan daxocilTa gvamebis wamoyvana ver xerxde-
boda... Cveni erTaderTi mizani gadarCena iyo...
Cemi sidedri, dedaCemis naTesavebi, misi Zma yvela eseni
daiWires... dedaCemi sami dRis mere gacvales... igi cud piro-
bebSi yavdaT, cemdnen ar aZlevdnen saWmels da sasmels... igi
askeranSi yavdaT, am ambebis Semdeg is mudmivad avadmyofob-
da...
molaparakebebi midioda rasac Sedegad daRupulTa gv-
amebis gacvla moxda... me vexmarebodi daRupulTa gvamebis
gacvlisas da maT sxeulebze Canda, rom isini awames. sami sxe-
uli Tavis gareSe iyo. maTi amocnoba Zneli iyo. Cven mainc ver
SevZeliT daRupulTa sxeulebTan maT Tavebi SegveerTebina.
isini xojalis Tavdacvis razmis mebrZolebi iyvnen. Cven ver
SevZeliT maTi damarxva manam, sanam maTi mSoblebi agdamSi ar
Camovidnen. maTi naTesavebi moralurad da fsiqologiurad
ganadgurebulni iyvnen... maT Soris sami wlis gogonac iyo
romelic mokles da Semdeg misi mTeli sxeuli daWres.
mamaCemi fizuli didi samamulo omis dros (meore msoflio
omi) germanelebs tyved Cauvarda magram mas ase mxecurad ar
moqcevian... me sami Svili myavs. maSin me saqorwino mziTevi
gamzadebuli mqonda magram yvelaferi iq darCa.
50
maT kbilebi amoaZvres mas
Saxibe-xanumma SedarebiT zustad aRwera yovelive is rac, im Ra-

mes tyeSi moxda da Cven vsvamT kiTxvas, rogor unda vicxovroT mas
Semdeg, rac gadavitaneT. is erTaderTi ar iyo, vin cdilobda qmars
dalodeboda (ix.interviu iaseman gasanovTan. gv: 57), magram is wav-
ida, radganac masTan erTad sxva adamianebic iyvnen. warmoidgineT
SiSi, romelic dgas Semdegi sityvebis ukan: „Cven wasvla mogvixda
imisaTvis, rom sakuTari Rirseba dagvecva“. warmoidgineT sicive,
mdinaris wyliT gaJRenTili tansacmeli da dasisxlianebuli naTe-
savis sxeulis qveS gadasarCenad damalva, rom araferi vTqvaT wame-
baze, romelic mis qmars miadga. konfliqtebs xSirad statistikisa
da politikis TvalsazrisiT ganixilaven xolme, magram yoveli msx-
verpli es iseTive adamiania, rogoric Cven varT. ramdenad araadami-
ani unda iyo, rom adamianebs aseTi tanjva-wameba miayeno?
Cven sakuTar saxlebSi viyaviT. somxebma srola Ramis 11 saa-
Tze atexes, rasac miCveulni viyaviT, radganac msgavsi ram TiTqmis
mTeli oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeboda da srolac ori saa-
Tis Semdeg sruldeboda xolme, ris Semdegac yovelive Cveul ka-
lapots ubrundeboda. magram amjerad yvelaferi sxvagvarad moxda,
radganac oTxive mxridan masirebul bombardirebas hqonda adgili
da Cven yvelani sardafSi gaviqeciT.
am ambamde erTi saaTiT adre Cemi meuRle mezobel sofelSi wav-
ida, romelmac somxebis Semoteva ganicada. rodesac vkiTxeT sad
midoda gvipasuxa: „amasTan saqme ukve oTxi welia maqvs. Cven samSob-
los vicavT“.
srola dilis 3 saaTamde grZeldeboda, magram Cemi qmari ar dab-
runda. sami qali viyaviT. gviTxres, rom wavsulviyaviT, razec vupa-
suxe, rom qmars unda davlodebodi, razec mas mipasuxes, rom Tu ar
wavidodiT gamxecebuli somxebis xelSi aRmovCndebodiT. danarCe-
nebi Cems gamo rom ar darCeniliyvnen mec wasvla gadavwyvite.
gezi daumTavrebeli Senobisaken aviReT sadac mravali adamiani
iyo Tavmoyrili. iq Cven erTi saaTi davyaviT, ris Semdegac gviTxres,
rom aq ar gaCereba ar SeiZleboda. Cven ramdenime moxuci davtoveT.
axalgazrdebma gvirCies, rom tyiT wavsulviyaviT.
cioda, Tovda. mdinaris gadalaxva mogvixda da yvelani davs-
veldiT. gadavlaxeT mdinare da gza tyeSi ganvagrZeT. Cveni tansac-
meli gaiyina da gamyarda. siaruli miWirda da zeda tansacmlis da-
toveba momixda. yvela, visac siaruli SeeZlo tyeSi iyo.
Cven somxur sofel naxCivanCiks mivuaxlovdiT. iq kargi gza iyo
da davinaxeT manaqana, saidanac xuTi wuTis Semdeg cecxli gagvix-
snes. atyda didi xmauri. Tovli sisxliT daifara. es yvelaferi
daaxloebiT dilis 5 an 7 saaTze moxda. Cven daRupulebis sxeulebis
51
Saxibe mustafaeva (foto: fiona maklahanis)

èrTi wlis ganmavlobaSi me wyali ar damilevia radgan
tyveobaSi mas ar asmevdnen wyals~
52
qveS vimalebodiT da tyviebis meti arafris danaxava ar SegveZlo...
rodesac agdams mivaRwieT, Cemma dam dasisxlianebuli tansacmeli
garecxa.
Cven davtoveT sakuTari miwa-wyali... maT saSualeba ar mogvces,
rom moxucebs da bavSvebs davxmarebodiT da rame wamogveRo...
CemTan erTad 62 wlis mamaCemi, baxram mustafaevi iyo, romelsac
Tirkmlebis problema hqonda. igi fexSiSvela modioda. mamaCemi ga-
darCa, magram am yvelafris gadatana ver SeZlo da aTi Tvis Semdeg
gardaicvala.
dilis 9 saaTze Cven sofel SelTan viyaviT. zogierTebi sro-
lis miuxedavad sxvebis dasaxmareblad tyeSi dabrundnen. me qmars
sami dRe velodebodi, magram igi ar dabrunda. 30 martamde agdamSi
davrCi, miuxedavad imisa, rom maTi nasroli tyviebma Cemi dis saxlis
karebi gaxvrites.
Cemi qmari alesker novruzovi iyo. igi warmoSobiT laCinis raio-
nis sofel qurd-xajidan iyo. is fizkulturis maswavleblad muSao-
bda. kargi msroleli iyo da icoda mTebSi gamavali gzebi, magram man
xojali arCia da rodesac davqorwindiT aq gadmovida.
im Rames igi somxebis SesaCereblad wavida. isini vinc maSin ga-
darCa misi gmirobis Sesaxeb yvebodnen. man Tavdacvis razmi Camoay-
aliba da maT tyviebis ekonomia sTxova. maT araprofesiuli iaraRi
hqondaT, mowinaaRmdege ki profesiul SeiaraRebul Zalas warmoad-
genda. maTma moqmedebebma Seakava somxebi, ramac adamianebs tyemde
miRwevis saSualeba misca. is daWrili iyo da siaruli ar SeeZlo. igi
daiWires da da 26 Teberval xanakendSi waiyvanes.
xojalSi ramdenime Turqi-mesxi iyo uzbekeTidan. erT-erTi maT-
gani fizikuri momzadebis instruqtori iyo. 8 marts man miTxra, rom
ar menerviula radganac aleskeri fexSi iyo daWrili magram cocx-
ali darCa da rva dRis ganmavlobaSi erT-erT cixeSi ijda. Tumca
aseT mdgomareobaSi tyved yofna sikdilze uaresia. Semdeg kidev
erTi kaci gamouSves, romelmac Tqva, rom aleskeri sisxlis ukmari-
sobiT daiRupa.
yinuliT savse polieTilenis parkSi Cadebuli misi sxeuli Cven
30 marts miviReT. me ar SemiZlia yvela im wamebis gadmocema, ro-
melic mas miayenes. maT kbilebi amoaZvrs mas. orive xeli gadamt-
vreuli hqonda, xolo saxe daserili. mis mSoblebs undodaT, rom
igi laCinSi daekrZalaT. ori Tvis Semdega laCini okupirebul iqna
da axla misi sxeul okupirebul miwaze imyofeba. 1997 wlis 25 Teber-
vals igi erovnul gmirad gamoacxades.
„erTi wlis manZilze me wyali ar damilevia, radganac mas tyveo-
baSi wyals ar asmevdnen“.
53
iasemin gasanova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

`me vuyvebi maT, Tu ra lamazi iyo is”
54
TiTqos fotosuraTi tiroda
iasemanTan intervium didi STabeWdileba moaxdina. ma-

mamisi tofik guseinovi erovnul gmirad gamoacxades,
radganac Tavisi sicocxle qalaqis Tavdacvas Sewira. deda
dauxvrites, radganac man qmris gareSe saxlis datovebaze
da gaqcevaze uari Tqva. iasemanma ki gadaitana is saSineli
Rame da saartilerio cecxlis wvimaSi samSvidobos gaaRwia
da amJamad xojalidan devnilTaTvis aSenebul dasaxlebaSi
maswavleblad muSaobas. rodeac mas vkiTxeT, Tu ras eubneba
bavSvebs xojalis Sesaxeb, man gvipasuxa: „me veubnebi maT, Tu
rogori lamazi iyo is“. igi gveubneboda, Tu ra zRapruli
xedi iSleboda misi saxlis zeda sarTulis fanjridan. mamas
xSirad dahyavda is Tavisi „yviTeli moskviCiT“ SuSaSi imisaT-
vis, rom sxva samyaroSi CaZiruliyvnen. aseTi sityvebis mos-
mena im adamiasagan romelsac deda dauxvrites amaRlevebeli
iyo. saitze http://www.visions.az warmodgenilia vrceli statia,
romelic winamdebare intervius safuZveli gaxda.
es iyo lamazi orsarTuliani saxli, romlis aivnebi vaziT
iyo damSvenebuli... misamarTi? Cven ar gvqonda misamarTi:
yvelam icoda Cveni mdinaris piras mdgari saxli. iq iyo didi
baRi romelSic yvaoda vaSli, msxali da atami, mogvyavda kar-
tofili... mamaCems moxarSuli kartofili da brinjis supi
uyvarda... erT-erTi vaSlis xe Zalian patara iyo da mxolod
sam nayofs isxamda xolo ojaxSi sami bavSvi viyaviT.
bavSvs kargi maxsovroba aqvs (maSin is 12 wlis iyo) . mudmi-
vad isrodnen rac Cven, bavSvebs feirverks mogvagonebda.
dedam sardafSi Cagviyvana. radganac srolebi mudmi-
vad grZeldeboda mama yovelTvis saguSagoze imyofeboda
radganac Tavdacvis razmis meTauri iyo. me vamayobdi imiT,
rom is Cven gvicavda. srola dilis 5-6 saaTze Sewyda.
sursaTis ukmarisobas hqonda adgili. gansakuTrebiT es
fqvilsa da purs Seexeboda. gamorTuli iyo gazi da eleqtro
energia. Cven saWmels cecxlze vamzadebdiT. Cvens mamakacebs
ar hqondaT saTanado iaraRi, tankebi.... xojali alya Semor-
tymuli iyo. qalaqis datovebis erTaderTi saSualeba vert-
55
mfreni iyo... amasTan srolebi grZeldeboda... erTxel rode-
sac biZam babuas saxlSi wagviyvana srolebi daiwyo da is Cven
gadagvefara; babuas saxlis karebi daecxrilaT... isini Cven
yoveldRe gvesrodnen, miuxedavad amisa mamaCemi Cemi Zmis wi-
nadacveTis aRsaniSnavad saxls sadResaswaulod amzadebda.
Cven RamiT saxlidan gamosvla ar SegveZlo, xolo diliT
mraval tyvias vnaxulobdiT. Cven skolaSi ar davdiodiT. ma-
Sin roca 6 wlis gavxdi mxolod erTi Tve viare skolaSi.
ukansakneli Seteva barbarosuli iyo daiRupnen bebia da
babua, biZa, bicola da maTi ori Svili.
moxucebi xuTsarTuliani Senobis zeda sarTulze dav-
toveT.
dedas ar undoda wamosvla mamis gareSe amitom Cven bavS-
vebi biZaSvilebTan erTad wavediT.
mamaCemis sxeuli didi xnis manZilze Tovlis qveS ido. maT
is ukan daabrunes Cven ki gviTxres, rom es babuas cxedar-
iao. im dRes roca mas marxavdnen Cems Zmas muradis mamaCemis
fotosuraTi misces. misi cremlebi fotosuraTze iRvre-
boda da iseTi STabeWdileba iqmneboda TiTqos fotosuraTi
tiroda.
dedaCemis sikvdilidan 16 wlis Semdeg internetSi misi
cxedris fotosuraTi gamoCnda. igi Cvens ezoSi mdebare Wis
fskerze ipoves. Cven ki es ar vicodiT da vfiqrobdiT, rom
igi tyved Cavarda.
me arasodes mifiqria imaze, rom qaliSvili dedis sikvdil-
isaTvis RmerTs madlobas etyoda... madlobeli var RmerTis,
rom is iq mokvda da ara somxebis wamebiT.
56
TiTqos Tovli wiTeli
qurqiT iyo dafaruli
sxva repodendebis msgavsad zenure-xanumis fiqrebic xo-

jalis Seexeba.
rac iq moxda amis daviwyeba ar SeiZleba amitomac
movuTxrobT yovelives bavSvebs. xojalSi Cven somxebTan
vmegobrobdiT da sulis siRrmeSi arasodes ar vfiqrobdiT
imas, rom isini xafangs gvimzadebdnen; Cven erTad vdResas-
waulobdiT da erTad vmuSaobdiT.... magram .... me bavSvebs
aRvuwer xojalis silamazes. Tanamgzavridan xojalisTvis
gadaRebul suraTSi Cans, rom Cveni saxli jer kidev dgas. is
Zalian lamazi da Zalze nayofieri iyo. rac Seexeba im Rames...
me viweqi xolo Cemi qmari Tavdacvis razmTan erTad iyo.
mesmoda Tu rogor eZaxoda Cemi qmari Tavis Zmas dedis gada-
sayvanad. Cven is Sua RamiT pledSi gaxveuli gamoviyvaneT.
gamoviyvaneT da xuTsarTuliani Senobis sardafSi SevediT.
daaxloebiT 20 wuTis Semdeg gviTxres, rom iqauroba dagve-
tovebina da tyes SevfarebodiT. Tovda. Cemi dedamTili avad
iyo. Tanac wasayvanad Zalian mZime, amitom Cemma meuRlem da-
tova dedamisi.
Cven mdinaris gadalaxva mogviwia rac fexsacmliT SeuZle-
beli iyo da Cvenc fexSiSvlebma ganvagrZeT gza. vimedovneb-
diT, rom Rames tyevSi gavaTevdiT da ukan davbrundebodiT.
aravin fiqrobda samudamod wasvlaze.
TovliT dafarul mTaSi gzas alif gajievi gvikvala-
vda. mis ukan Svidni mivdiodiT erT-erT qals zurgze mib-
muli qali miyavda romelic yviroda. me vuCqmite bavSvs, rom
gaCumebuliyo xolo dedamisma Tqva, rom igi SimSilisagan
tiroda. meSinoda, rom bavSvis yvirils somxebis yuradRe-
ba ar miepyro. gzaze gasvlisas manqana davinaxeT alifma
gviTxra daweqiTo. vinc ukan modioda da alifis naTqvami
ver gaigo mokles me fexmZime viyavi da pirvel jgufSi miv-
diodi amitomac SevZeli gadarCena... Cven gza gadavlaxeT da
rogorc ki movbrundiT saSineli ram davinaxeT. Tqven ver
warmoidgenT rogor gamoiyureboda es Semzaravi sanaxaoba:
57
zanure salimova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

`Cvens gulebSi Rrma Wrilobaa”
58
TiTqos Tovli wiTeli qerqiT iyo dafaruli. Cven mTeli
Rame mivdiodiT miWirs imis dajereba rac gamoviareT. mTeli
gza daRupulTa cxedrebiT iyo savse. rogorc iqna sofel Se-
lis mivaRwieT saswrafo daxmarebis manqanebiT waiyvanes daW-
rilebi sxvadasxva saavadmyofoebSi. bevri maTgani gadarCa.
Cemi dedamTili da biZa tyved Cavardnen. husein azizovi
xuTi dRe yavdaT Semdeg misi cxedari dagvibrunes, romelsac
kbilebi ar hqonda da Tavis qala Suaze hqonda gaxleCili.
mogviyvana ra SelSi alif gajievi1 sxvebis dasaxmareblad
ukan dabrunda, saidanac igi ar dabrunebula. is mokles.
Cemma pirvelma Svilma mxolod sami Tve icocxla... „Cveni
guli Rrmada daWrili. am Wrilobas Cven sanam cocxlebi varT
ar daviviwyebT“
1. alif gajievi xojalTan axlos mdebare aeroportis usafrTxoebis samsax-

uris ufrosi iyo. is gamoacxades erovnul gmirad mamacobisTvis, romelic
man gamoiCina im xalxis dacvaSi, romlebic garbodnen qalaqidan, is dakrZa-
lulia Sexidlar siabanSi, baqoSi
59
elman mamedovi (foto: fiona maklahanis)

`Cemi cxovrebis 42 weli me vicxovre xojaliSi”
60
isini mkvdrebsac Seuracxyofdnen
elmar mamedovi specialobiT maTematikis maswavlebeli iyo.

amJamad igi mili mejlisis (azerbaijanis parlamenti) deputatia.
is kvlavindeburad xelmZRvanelobs xojalis Tems. igi saubrobda
mgznebared da gulwrfelad gaocebuli iyo imiT, rom msoflios
ainteresebda xojalis mSvidobiani mosaxleobis totaluri ga-
nadgurebis tragikuli movlenebi da qalaqis pirisagan miwisa aRg-
vis faqtebi.
mTeli Cemi ojaxi xojalidanaa. me iq davibade da okupaciamde

vcxovrobdi. 1987 wels qalaqis Tavi viyavi xolo 1988 wlidan Tav-
dacvis xelmZRvaneli.
Tavidan xojali sofeli iyo magram SemdgomSi ganviTarda. 1988
wels qalaqSi 7 aTasi adamiani cxovrobda xolo 1990 wels uzbekeTi-
dan Turqi-mesxebis 54 ojaxi gadmosaxlda da xojalSi dafuZvnda.
maT winaprebi stalinis mier iyo deportirebuli. 11 maTgani 1992
wels mokles.
iq yoveli qva da xe CemTvis nacnobia. xojali es aris qalaqi sadac
Cemi cxovrebis 42 weli gavatare. qalaqs hqonda rkinigza da erTad-
erTi aeroporti mTels mTian yarabaxSi.
1992 wlis TebervlisaTvis baqosTan Cveni erTaderTi damakav-
Sirebeli racia iyo radganac xojali somxebis mier alyaSi iyo mo-
qceuli.
25 Tebervals uCveuli siwynare sufevda. aranairi srola ar
yofila. Cven vgrZnobdiT, rom mzadeba mimdinareobda. saWmeli ar
gvyofnida da iaraRic cota gvqonda. me vTxove sacxobs rom puri
ar gamoecxoT da fqvili im ojaxebisTvis daerigebinaT visac Wird-
eboda. Cven ar gvqonda samedicino daxmarebis samsaxuri maSin rode-
sac gvyavda daWrilebi, avadmyofebi da moxucebi. Cven ar vicodiT
ra gveqna maTTvis.
im dRes me Tavdacvis saguSagoebis Sesamowmeblad wavedi, ris
Semdegac saxlSi davbrundi. 19 saaTsa da 30 wuTze miviRe Setyobine-
ba, rom xankendidan xojalisken jari modioda, romelmac alyaSi
moaqcia qalaqi. gavigeT, rom zatigerovi 366-e rusuli polkis pod
polkovniki zatigerovi Setevis dawyebis win generali gaxda, ramac
mas didi stimuli misca Setevis gansaxorcieleblad.
Ramis 11 saaTze sxvadasxva mxridan intensiuri srolebi daiwyo.
61
maT maRali donis samxedro teqnika hqondaT Cven ki ubralo SaSx-
anebiT viyaviT SeiaraRebulni. Cvens mier nasroli tyvia mizans ver
aRwevda. iyo qaosi. Cven daRupulTa cxedrebTan erTad asi kaci dav-
toveT da wavediT.
zamTari iyo. uaxloes azerbaijanul dasaxlebamde - agdamamde 16
kilometri iyo, romlisken mimavali gza askeranze gadioda, sadac
somxebi cxovrobdnen. amitom Cven SemovliTi gziT - tyis gavliT
wavediT. Cven, maT Soris qalebs, bavSvebsa da moxucebs gayinuli
mdinare gargaris gadalaxva mogviwia imisaTvis, rom tyes Sevfare-
bodiT. mivdiodiT fexSiSvlebi, radganac fexsacmeli mTlianad
dasvelda, damZimda da daikarga. TaviT fexebamde dasvelebulT
TovlSi gviwevda siaruli. gamovediT Tu ara gzaze somxebma dagvi-
naxes.
somxebi Casafrebulni elodnen Cvens gzaze gamoCenas, amitom 10-
15 kacian jgufebad daviyaviT. mTavari tragedia swored am gzaze
moxda.
me 10 kacian jgufTan erTad vcdilobdi gasasvlelis povnas, ma-
gram mivxvdi, rom alyaSi viyaviT. gzis gagrZeleba ver SevZeliT da
iqve damalva vcadeT. xuTi kaci Cemi jgufidan daWres. meore dRes
rogorc iqna agdamSi CavediT.
omebis istoriaSi brZolebs samxedroebi xelmZRanelobdnen. xo-
jalSi samxedroebi ar iyvnen. xojalis dacvas me vxelmZRvanelobdi.
aq mSvidobiani mosaxleoba cxovrobda. somxebi ibrZodnen qalebi-
sa da bavSvebis winaaRmdeg. isini mkvdrebsac ki Seuracxyofdnen.
somxebma mokles 60 bavSvi, 106 qali da mravali moxuci. Cemi orive
bebia mokles. moklul iqna 60 wlis dedaCemi. misi cxedari sami kvris
Semdeg tyeSi ipoves.
me minda da moviTxov, rom sakuTar miwaze dabrunebis da saku-
Tari saxlis aRdgenis ufleba momeces. msoflio cdilobs, rom de-
mokratia gvaswavlos - ratom ar iReben zomebs xojalis mosaxleo-
bis uflebebis aRsadgenad? sad aris logika? evrokavSiri da gaero
agresorebs icaven.
me ar vadanaSauleb somex xalxs, aramed brals vdeb maT li-
derebs... Cven somxebTan erTad cxovreba gviweria; RmerTma Cven
erTmaneTis mezoblebad Segvqmna.
62
ucxoeli
Jurnalistebi,
romlebic
SemTxvevis
adgilze
imyofebodnen
63
ucxoeli Jurnalistebi
anatoli liveni
(foto: Tomas holcis film-interviudan)
64
mibjeniT mokluli
anatol levini, londonis kingz-kolejis omebis istoriis gan-

yofilebis profesori, 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisidan Suawlebamde
gazeT „london Taimsis“ Jurnalisti iyo kavkasiaSi. 2011 wlis oq-
tomberSi man inteviu misca tomas holcs, romelic mogvianebiT,
saSineli tragediis Semdeg agdamSi iyo. mTian yarabaxSi omis ganx-
ilvisas man Tavidan imis Sesaxeb mogviTxro, rom Jurnalistebi
gaWirvebiT igebdnen momxdaris realobas:
„simpaTiebi somxebis mxares iyo... yarabaxis SemTxvevaSi es yov-
elTvis warmodgenili iyo, rogorc somxuri erovnuli moZraoba da
Zalian xSirad, rogorc „ganmaTavisuflebeli“ moZraobis msgavsi.
marTalia, rom xSirad gavrcelebul dasavlur warmodgenebs,
somxuri lobis warmomadgenlebi zogad suraTs problemasTan ara-
nair kavSirSi myof elementebsac umatebdnen. maxsendeba 1992 wels
baqoSi yofna, sadac viziti hqonda aSS-s saxelmwifo mdivan jeims
beikers saxelmwifo departementis korespondentTa did jgufTan
erTad. me daveswari beikerisa da misi azerbajaneli kolegis pres-
koferencias. vaSingtonis Juranalistebis SekiTxva Seexeboda „is-
lamuri fundametalizmis zrdas azerbaijanSi“, xolo Cven, vinc
iq viyaviT gakvirvebiT vkiTxulobdiT: „ra?“ amis axsna is iyo, rom
isini imis demonstirebas axdendnen, rac vaSingtonSi gaegonaT da
rasac TavianT warmodgenebs umatebdnen.
Semdeg man imis Sesaxeb mogviTxro, rom piradad naxa SemTxve-
vis adgili: „me xojalis movlenebis Sedegebze rogorc „Taimsis“
Jurnalisti vwerdi. Cven agdamSi, azerbaijanul mxares vimyofe-
bodiT saidanac vetmfreniT gavfrindiT mTebSi daRupulTa cx-
edrebis dasaTvalierebad da CemTvis yovelTvis cxadi iyo, rom
somxebs mTiani yarabaxis eTnowmendis programa hqondaT. mTiani
yarabaxis somxebis mier dapyrobili nebismieri teritoriidan unda
ganedevnaT azerbaijanuli mosaxleoba, rac swored rom xojalSi
moxda. Tu, ratom iqna am procesis dros ase bevri adamiani moklu-
li CemTvis dRemde gaugebaria. Tu ra doneze iyo es yvelaferi
meToduri masobrivi mkvleleoba da ra doneze iyo, vTqvaT, brZo-
lis dros Zalis uzomo gadameteba, aCvenebs maTi namoqmedari, ram-
denadac moklulebs Soris didi raodenobiT qali da bavSvi iyo,
romelTa mniSvnelovani nawili axlo manZilidan gasrolis Sedegad
iyo mokluli.
65
frederika lengeini (foto: fiona maklahanis))

baqoSi 2012 w. misi xojalis fotografiebis gamofenaze
66
sanaxavad mosuli adamianebi

Tvalebs ver ujerebdnen
amJamad frederika lengeini reJisor-dokumentalistia,

xolo 1992 wels igi saagento „reiteris“ ufrosi fotografi
iyo. mTian yarabaxSi saomari moqmedebebis dawyebiTanave igi
azerbaijanSi wavida da Tebervllis bolomde agdamSi iyo.
igi xojalidan ltolvilTa mozRvavebis mowme iyo. mowme imi-
sa Tu, Tu rogor mohqondaT daRupulTa cxedrebi, rac man
fotoaparatiT daafiqsira.
2012 wlis Tebrevals, xojalis genocidis 20 wlis Tavze
sazogadoebam „evropa - azerbaijani“ baqoSi federikas mier
Seqmnili 65 foto suraTis gamofenis organizeba moawyo da
mTeli azerbaijani moiwvia imisTavis, rom mas Tavisi STabe-
Wdilebebi gadmoeca da mogonebebi gaeziarebina. ai, ra Tqva
man Tavis interviuSi:
- SegiZliaT mogviyveT ra naxeT agdamSi?

- Cven xocva-Jletidan ramdenime dRis Semdeg movediT...
Cven ar vicodiT ras davinaxavdiT... Tu mexsiereba ar mRa-
latobs, vfiqrobdi, rom regionSi samxedro moqmedebebi
ubralod gaxSirda da meti araferi...
[agdamSi] iseTi atmosfero sufevda, rom sityva „panika“
misTvis, ubralod, Seusabamoa - es raRac isteriis msgavsi
iyo. adamianebi Zalin xmamaRla laparakobdnen da Cqara da-
diodnen. irgvliv yvela wrialebda. Cven pirdapir mTavrobis
saxlisken gavemarTeT. mgoni dasaregistrireblad?
- ramdenime foto meCeTSi gaqvT gadaRebuli, sadac
moklulTa cxedrebi moasvenes. ra xdeboda iq?
- pirvel rigSi, me ar vicodi SemeZlo Tu ara foto-
grafireba... raSic bolomde darwmunebuli ar viyavi... ma-
gram adamianebs undodaT, rom me gadameRo. meCeTSi foto-
suraTebis gadaReba CemTvis gaoceba iyo. fotosuraTebze
Cans, rom bevrs tirodnen, gansakuTrebiT qalebi. Tumca iyo
siCumis momentebic... dRis bolos iq adamianebi sanaxavad mo-
67
diodnen da Tvalebs ver ujerebdnen. maT quCaSi unda gaegoT
es siaxle... magram mainc uyurebdnen, ubralod uyurebdnen...
bevrs iq ar yavda naTesavi, magram isini Zalian dadumebulni
iyvnen, Zalian.
- sxva fotoebi matareblis vagonSia gadaRebuli, sadac
savele hospitlis msgavsi iyo gaSlili. rogor gaarTves
Tavi am yovelives eqimebma?
- me ar vici, rodis moxda matarebelSi am hispitlis or-
ganizeba, magram is iseTnairad gamoiyureboda, rom TiTqos
didi xani iyo rac moqmedebda. me iq fotoebs viRebdi, magram
CemTvis es autaneli iyo, radganac sxvaa mkvdrisTvis sura-
Tis gadaReba da sxvaa, rodesac uyureb adamians, romelic
daWrilia da tkivilebisagan itanjeba. iseTi gancda gaqvs
TiTqos raRac ugunurebas Cadixar. adamianebi, eqimebi da
meddebi da es Suqi - yovelive es gadasaReb moedans hgavda.
ar minda aravis vawyenino, magram am Suqis gamo yovelive
amgvarad Canda. isini Zalze organizebulni iyvnen. araviTari
panika da uwesrigoba ar yofila. hospitalSi adamianebi Za-
lian organizebulni iyvnen.
- es omis yvelaze Sokismomgvreli momenti iyo, erT Ra-
meSi 600-ze meti adamiani iqna mokluli da Tqveni fotoebi
aCeveneben im Ramis SiSsa da saSinelebas. rogor fiqrobT,
aman moaxdina Tu ara mTlianad msoflioze STabeWdileba?
- im dros yofil ssrk-Si mravali ram xdeboda: iyo saqarT-
velo, Semdeg avRaneTi. saerTod, 89, 90 da 91-ian wlebSi ada-
mianebi Tvalyurs adevnebdnen yvela oms an samoqalaqo omebs
romlebic ssrk-s yofil respublikebSi xdeboda, magram am
SemTxvevaSi is, rac agdamSi xdeboda sxva qveynis adamian-
ebs ar esmodaT. konfliqti mTian yarabaxSi adamianTaTvis
srulebiT gaugebari iyo... vfiqrob medias uWirda imis Tqma,
rac iq xdeboda.
- guSin saRamos Tqven SexvdiT adamians (Samil alekber-
lis ix. gv: 29), romelic zogierT fotosuraTzea gamosaxu-
li. xom ar gaiRviZa TqvenSi garkveulma STabeWdilebebma?
- me namdvilad maxsovs am kacis saxeli. yovelTvis maxsov-
da igi. maxsovs igi SemTxvevis adgilze. Cven gzaze didaxns
68
vicdidiT. maSin is iq iyo. me gamixarda misi naxva, radganac is
erT-erTi imaTgania vinc Cems fotoebze gamosaxulTa Soris
cocxalia.
- guSin Tqven danaSaulis grZnobaze saubrobdiT, ro-
melic im dros gagiCndaT, magram amJamad Tqveni grZnobebi
odnav Sicvala?
- aseTi fotoebis Seqmnisas yovel fotografs aqvs msgavsi
grZnoba; Tuki Tqven aseTi problemebi ar gaqvT, maSin rogorc
fotografs sakuTar Tavs garkveuli kiTxvebi unda dausvaT,
magram rodesac gaivlis dro da fotosuraTebi namdvilad
istoriis nawili gaxdebian, maSin maTi roli da Rirebuleba
naTeli xedba da Tqven sakuTar Tavs damnaSaved grZnobT.
- bunebrivia, azerbaijanel xalxs ainteresebs, Tu ra-
tom ar sruldeba gaeros rezoluciebi, maSin rodesac
rezoluciebi, magaliTad libiis Sesaxeb dauyonebliv
sruldeba.
- marTalia, Cemi grZnobebi ver Seedreba azerbaijaneli
xalxis grZnobebs. namdvilad msurs, rom azerbaijanelebma
da somxebma garkveul mSvidobian SeTanxmebas miaRwion. vici,
rom samarTlianobis aRdgena adaminebisaTvis mniSvnelovnia,
magram asve mniSvnelovania mezoblebad yofna da raRac mSvi-
dobiani SeTanxmebis miRweva. samwuxaroa, rom zogjer gaero
ver gvexmareba, sxva gamosavali ar arsebobs. azerbaijanma da
somxeTma mSvidobian SeTanxmebas unda miaRwion, rameTu ukve
oci welia gasuli...
69
reza degati (foto: mowodebulia reza degatis mier)

saerTaSoriso fotoJurnalisti
70
suraTi gamofenidan:
xojali rezas obieqtividan
1992 wlis TebervalSi mTiani yarabaxis omis dros me
CrdiloeTidan samxreTiT, frontis azerbaijanuli xazis
gayolebiT frangi eqimebisa da sxvadasxva humanitaruli or-
ganizaciebis warmomadgenlebTan erTad regionSi ukanaskne-
li azerbaijanuli qalaqisaken, SuSasken gavemarTe.
agdamSi Casvlisas 26 Tebervlis Rames xojalidan gamoq-
ceul adamianebs, ZiriTadad, qalebsa da moxucebs SevxvdiT,
romlebic somxuri SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mier mSvidobiani
azerbaijanuli mosaxleobis xocva-Jletis saSinel isto-
riebs yvebodnen. Sesabamisad, Cven informaciis Segroveba da-
viwyeT da tragediis mniSvnelobas CavwvdiT, romelic amJamd
xojalis xocva-Jletis saxeliTaa cnobili.
iseT gamocemebSi rogorebicaa: „Taimi“, „pari-matCi“ da
mravali sxva muSaobis dros mravali omi, konfliqti da rev-
olucia minaxavs. maT Sesaxeb obieqturi informaciis miwo-
deba Jurnalistis movaleobad mimaCnia.
xojalis SemTvevaSi sasaklaos mowme gavxdi.
***
isini agdamis moedanze, morgis gverdiT cxedrebis mota-
nis molodinSi daxetialobdnen. somxurma jarebma saerTa-
Soriso wiTel jvars neba darTo daRupulTa cxedrebisTvis
moeyara Tavi xojalisa da agdamis sazRvarze.
momlodineTa Soris umravlesoba qalebi, romlebic xoc-
va-Jletis dros an gadarCnen, anda daRupulTa naTesavebi
iyvnen. yoveli maTgani gars uvlida daRupulTa cxedrebs
da sakuTari ojaxis wevris, naTesavis an mezoblis amocnobas
cdilobda.
isini iq mravali dRe iyvnen. wiTel jvars yovedRe cx-
edrebis axli partia mohqonda. qalebi TavianTi sayvareli
adamianebis gayinul cxedrebs, romlebic jer kidev gayinuli
sisxliT iyo dafaruli, kocnidnen.
me gansakuTrebuli yuradReba erT qals mivaqcie. man iq
Tavisi qmrisa da Svilis cxedrebis uSedego ZebnaSi sami dRe
gaatara. rogorc ki romelime qali Tavis sayvareli adamianis
71
cxedras amoicnobda da tirils iwyebda igi pirveli gaCnde-
boda masTan da dawynarebas cdilobda.
agdamSi Cveni Casvlidan mesame dRes man CemTan, pirdapir
kamerasTan yviriliT moirbina: „me vipove Cemi Svili da Cemi
qmari. maT Tvalebi amoTxrili aqvT!“
misi xma daundobel omSi daRupulTa xmas hgavda, rom-
lebic me mTel msoflioSi minaxavs, magram es xma arasodes
amoiSleba Cemi mexsierebidan.
Tvalebi amoTxares... warmogidgeniaT?
***
me Jurnal-gazeTebSi da wignebSi gamovaqveyne da sxvadasx-

va gamofenebSi gamovitane vaebaSi myofi qalis fotosuraTi,
radganac mowmis, Jurnalistis movaleobad mimaCnia msgavsi
gamosaxulebebis gavrceleba.
erT-erTi msgavsi gamofena 2010 wels parizis metroSi
sadgur „luqsemburgSi“ Catarda. es omisa da mSvidobis Te-
maze Cemi 30 wliani namuSevrebis retrospeqtiva iyo. war-
modgenili iyo fotoebi sxvadasxva qveynebidan avRaneTiT
dawyebuli ruandiT damTavrebuli. azrebaijanisa da mTiani
yarabaxis omis saCeveblad me vaebaSi myofi qalis suraTiT
gamovitane, romelic agdamis moedanze vnaxe: man es esaa ip-
ova xojalis xocva-Jletis dros mokluli qmrisa da Svilis
72
cxedrebi amoTxrili TvalebiT. fotos axsna-ganmartebiTi
baraTi davurTe suraTze gamosaxuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb.
ramdenime dRis Semdeg me safrangeTSi somxeTis elCma
damireka da sadilze mimiwvia.
TavisTavad amaSi uCveulo araferi iyo. sakmaod cnobad
korespondentad da Jurnalistad yofnis periodSi me mi-
veCvie sxvadasxva adamianebTan Sexvedras, romlebic Cemi
saqmianobiT interesdebian. amasTan igi yvelanairad marw-
munebda, rom miwvevas araferi kavSiri ar eqneboda metro-
sadgur „luqsemburgSi“ gamarTul gamofenasTan, amitom
davTnxmdi.
magram sadilis dros elCma uecrad saubari xojalisa da
vaebaSi myofi qalis Cems mier gadaRebuli suraTisaken Se-
moatriala. igi ambobda, rom somxebs araviTari pasuxsmge-
bloba ar ekisrebaT xojalTan dakavSirebiT da rom yvela
is adamiani romelic me vnaxe da gadaviRe xojalis istoriis
fabrikaciisTvis iyo agdamSi Cayvanili...
rodesac gavaproteste misi naTqvami elCma toni Secvala.
„Tqven erTaderTi adamiani xarT safrangeTSi, romelic
azerbaijanze laparakobs, - mis am sityvebSi muqara imalebo-
da, - Cven (somxebi. - redaqtori) xuTasi aTasi varT.
„batono elCo, Tqven wakiTxuli gaqvT albaT Cemi
cxovrebis Sesaxeb, - vupasuxe me. - sami weliwadi cixeSi gava-
tare mxolod imitom rom simarTles vambobdi. iranis Sahis
dros xuTi Tve mawamebdnen imisaTvis, rom simarTles vambob-
di... iciT, batono elCo, xuTasi aTasi... ara xuTasi milioni
adamianic ki ver maiZulebs simarTle davmalo!“
iciT maT ra gaakeTes?
Tavidan memuqrebodnen, rom sasamarTlos gadascemdnen
parizis metros administraciisa da Cemi, rogorc cilismw-
ameblis saqmes, Tuki vaebaSi myofi qalis fotosuraTs ar
amoviRebdi gamofenidan.
metros administraciam isini uariT gaistumra da arc sa-
samarTloSi moxvedrila vinme.
Semdeg ucnobebis „jgufma“ daiwyo fotogamofenis daT-
valiereba da xojalis tragediis amsaxveli suraTis qveS mo-
Tavsebuli axsna-ganmartebiTi baraTis dafarva. aseTi ram
27-jer moxda. Semdeg damireka parizis metros direqtorma
da miTxra:
73
„Cven Zalian vwuxvarT, magram xulignebma suraTis qveS mo-
Tavsebuli axsna-ganmartebiTi baraTi daxies“.
yurebs ar vujerebdi. es moxda parizis centrSi, adamianis
uflebebisa da Tavisuflebisa dedaqalaqSi.
Semdeg am yvelafers sakuTari TvalebiT Sevxede da da-
naxulma uzarmazari sulieri Wriloba momayena, romelic
jer kidev ar momSuSebia. maSin me mivxvdi, rom am adamianebs
parizis centrSi gamofenaze gakeTebuli patara warweris
atana ar SeuZliaT da ras uzamen azerbaijanel Jurnaliste-
bs, mwerlebs, poetebs, romlebic maT winaaRmdeg erT wina-
dadebas mainc daweren?
gesmiT es? 2
2. SeniSvna: reza (reza degati) - mTel msoflioSi cnobili fotoJurnalis-

ti, romelic wamyavan Jurnal-gazeTebSi muSaobda; ufero metad cnobilia
Nitional Geographic-Si muSaobiT. igi mravali premiis laureatia. igi aseve dam-
saxurebaTa franguli nacionaluri ordenis kavaleria.
74
movlenebis Sefaseba
adamianis uflebaTa
damcveli saerTaSo-
riso organizaciebis
mier
75
saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier movlenebis Sefaseba
uflebadacviTi centr „memorialis“
moxseneba
1992 wlis 25 da 26 Tebervals dasaxlebuli punqtis xojalis
aRebisas SeiaraRebuli formirebebis mier adamianis uflebaTa
masobrivi darRvevebis Sesaxeb3
warmodgenili moxseneba eZRvneba 1992 wlis Tebervlis bolosa

da martSi mTian yarabaxSi ganviTarebul movlenebs, romelic daka-
vSirebulia somxuri SeiraRebuli formirebebis mier dasaxlebuli
punqtis xojalis SturmiT aRebasTan da romelmac didi gavlena
iqonia samxedro, politikuri da moraluri aspeqtebiT azerbaijan-
sa da mTian yarabaxSi arsebul sitauaciaze.
moxsenebaSi gamoyenebulia 1991-1992 wlebSi „memorialis“ dam-
kvirveblebis mier, romlebic konfliqtis zonaSi imyofebodnen,
mopovebuli masalebi. aseve konfliqtis mxareTa oficialuri war-
momadgenlebis mier gakeTebuli gancxadebebi, romlebic informa-
ciis masobrivi saSualebebiT vrceldeboda.
sazogadoeba „memorialis“ damkvirveblebma 07. 03-dan 05. 04.
92-mde mTian yarabaxSi fronis xazis orive mxares informaciis Se-
groveba moaxdines: xojalis dazaralebuli macxovreblebi Caweres
(geografiuli saxelebi mocemulia 1988 wlis rukis mixedviT),
esaubrnen oficialuri Tanamdebobis pirebs baqoSi, stepanakertSi,
agdamSi, miiRes cnobebi azerbaijanis respublikis prokuraturi-
dan da Sss-dan, aseve samxedro sanitrebidan romlebic agdamSi
matarebelSi iyvnen (arsebobs oficialuri amonawerebi daWrilTa
da dazaralebulTa avadmyofobis istoriidan), esaubrnen mZevlebs
romlebic orives mxares yavda ayvanili, SeiaraRebuli formire-
bebis wevrebs, maT Soris xojalis Sturmis monawileebs, Caatares
xojalis, agdamisa da askeranis vizualuri daTvaliereba.
movlenebi, romlebic win uswrebda xojalis

Sturms
1991 wlis zafxulSi konfliqti mTian yarabaxSi Ria omis sta-

diaSi gadavida. agvistos putCis CaSlis, sabWoTa xelisuflebis
marcxisa da ssrk-s daSlis Semdeg somxuri samxedro razmebi mTiani
yarabaxis 1991 wlis mais-ivnisSi deportirebuli somxuri soflebis
3. ix. http://www.memo.ru/uploads/files/402.pdf
76
ganTavisuflebis operaciis ganxorcilebas Seudgnen. Semodgo-
mis ganmavlobaSi mTliani yarabaxis avtonomiuri olqis ramdenime
sofeli gaanTavisufles azerbaijanis yofil Saumianis raionSi. am
soflebs datovebisas azerbaijanuli formirebebi rig SemTxveveb-
Si wvavdnen.
somxuri SeiaraRebuli formirebebis moqmedebaTa Sedegad
azerbaijanuli soflebis baSgesalis, Sefekis, zeivis, godanis -
yofil Saumianis raionSi, tugis, salakatinis - gadurTis raionSi,
imereT-geverenTis - mardakertis raionSi, jamilis, lesones - as-
keranis raionSi, xojavendis, divanalaris - martuninskis raionSi,
mosaxleoba iZulebuli gaxda daetovebina sacxovrebeli adgilebi.
zogierTi sofeli, magaliTad imereT-geverenTi Tavdamsxmelebma
gadawves. TavianTi sacxovrebeli adgili ramdemine aTasma azerbai-
janelma datova. adgili hqonda mSvidobiani mosaxleobis mimarT Za-
ladobas (magaliTad sofel meSelSi).
1991 wlis Semodgomidan, rodesac azerbaijanuli mxare kon-
trSetevaze gadavida, somxurma mxarem azerbaijanuli soflebis
winaaRmdeg mizanmimarTuli moqmedebebi daiwyo. gamoyares mali-
beilisa da guSCularis mosaxleoba ra drosac aTeulobiT mSvido-
biani mosaxle daiRupa. orive mxare erTmaneTs adanaSaulebda, rom
mowinaaRmdegeTa soflebi gamagrebul raionebadaa gadaqceuli,
romelTac zurgs saartilerio poziciebi umagrebdnen.
1991 wlis 2 seqtembers stepanakertSi Catarda „mTiani yarab-
axis saolqo da Saumianis raionuli sabWoebis sesia yvela donis
deputatTa monawileobiT“. sesiaze gacxadebul iqna axlandel saz-
RvrebSi mTiani yarabaxis respublikis Seqmna.
dekemberSi Catarda mTiani yarabaxis damoukideblobis referen-
dumi da mTiani yarabaxis umaRlesi sabWos arCevnebi. arCevnebis Sede-
gad mTian yarabaxSi xelisuflebaSi politikosTa axali Taoba mov-
ida, romlebic mWidro kavSirSi iyvnen SeiaraRebul ZalebTan. isini
arakorumpirebulni da ukompromisoni iyvnen. am politikosta az-
riT, molaprakebebi mTiani yarabaxis bedze mTiani yarabaxis, rogorc
Tnasworuflebiani mxaris warmomadgenelTa gareSe dauSvebelia.
Zlier gaizarda partia „daSnakcutunis“ gavlena.
1991 wlis Semodgomaze azerbaijanSi formireba da mTian yarab-
axSi moqmedeba daiwyo azerbaijanis nacionalurma armiam. moqmede-
bas agrZelebda azerbaijanis respublikis Sss-s danayofi omoni. am
oficialur danayofebTan erTad iq moqmedebas agrZelebdnen sx-
vadasxva razmebi, romlebic azerbaijanis saxalxo fronts eqvemde-
77
barebodnen, sinamdvileSi ki aravis daqvemdebarebaSi ar iyvnen.
noemberSi Seiqmna saxalxo ganmaTavisuflebeli armia arcaxa,
romelic misi meTauris mtkicebiT, mTiani yarabaxis yvela somxur
SeiaraRebul razmebs erTiani meTaurobis qveS aerTianebda da ga-
mocxadebuli mTiani yarabaxis xelisuflebas eqvemdebareboda.
1991 wlis noembridan azerbaijanul mxares masStaburi SeteviTi
operaciis mcdeloba hqonda. dekemberSi yofili ssrk-s Sss-s jareb-
ma datoves yarabaxi (samxedro qvedanayofebidan yarabaxSi mxolod
366-e motomsroleli polki da qimiuri dacvis batalioni darCa,
romlebic dislocirebuli iyo stepanakertSi). am dros azerbai-
janulma SeiaraRebulma formirebebma masirebuli Seteva daiw-
yes, romelic mogeriebul iqna. Seupovari brZolebi mimdinareob-
da stepanakertis gareubanSi - kirkijanSi, romelic SedarebiT
azerbaijanelebiT iyo dasaxlebuli. brZolebis Sedegad ianvarSi
somxebma iqidan azerbaijanuli razmebi gamoagdes gaanadgures ra
rigi sacecxle poziciebi saidanac esrodnen stepanakerts, ra dro-
sac kirkijanis saxlebis mniSvnelovani nawili daiwva.
mniSvnelovani ricxobrivi upiratesobis miuxedavad azerbai-
janul mxares samxedro Semadgenlobis didi danakargebi hqon-
da. rogorc Canda SeteviTi operaciebi ar iyo momzadebuli da
gamowveuli iyo ara samxedro, aramed politikuri aucileblobiT.
damoukidebel damkvirvebelTa mowmobiT, romlebic step-
anakertSi tyve jariskacebs xvdebodnen azerbaiajanis nacionaluri
armiis rigebidan, tyveTa mimarT damokidebuleba Zalin cudi iyo -
isini SimSilisa da sicivisagan itanjebodnen, iyvnen milicielebis
mier nacemebi, daWril oficers ar aRmouCines samedicino daxmareba
(mas operacia mxolod rusma eqimma gaukeTa organizaciidan „eqime-
bi sazRvrebs gareT“). adgili hqonda tyveTa da mZevalTa gacvlis
praqtikas. erT-erTi mZevali atakiSevi moklul iqna. misi sxeuli,
romelic gacvlisas naTesavebs gadasces, dasaxiCrebuli iyo.
rogorc stepanakertis aseve SuSis dasaxlebuli kvartlebi se-
qtembris bolodan sistematiuri saartilerio da „alazanis“ tipis
modificirebuli raketebis srolis qveS imyofeboda. mSvidobiani
mosaxleobis msxverpli da ngreva stepanakertSi ufro meti iyo
vidre SuSaSi. rac stepanakertis mdebareobiTa da SuSidan ganxor-
cilebeuli srolebiT aixsneba. azerbaijanuli mxridan srolebis
intensivoba imiT aixsneba, rom sabrZolo masalebi miRebuli hqon-
daT dsT-s armiiis sawyobebidan, romelic kontrolze yavdaT ay-
vanili azerbaijanul formirebebs (agdamSi xelSi Caigdes 200 tona
78
sabrZolo masala; polkovnik v. simonovis TqmiT, romelic gazeT
„moskovskie novostiSia“ moyvanili 17. 26. 04. 92. iq 200 vagonze meti
reaqtiuli Wurvebi iyo).
orive mxare dasaxlebuli punqtebis mimarT srolas imiT xsni-
da, rom reliefidan gamomdinare pirdapiri srolebi ar SeuZliaT.
orive qalaqis mSvidobiani mosaxleoba zaraldeboda ara mxolod
srolebis Sedegad, aramed imiTac, rom maT ar hqondaT wyali, sakve-
bi, medikamentebi, gaTboba da ganaTeba.
1992 wlis ianvarSi qalaq Saumianovkaze cecxlis daSenisas
azerbaijanulma mxarem pirvelad gamoiyena zalpuri cexlis samx-
edro reaqtiuli danadgari „gradi“ (romelic adre sabWoTa armias
ekuTnoda). saraketo sistema „alazanisagan“ gansxvavebiT saraketo
sistema „gradi“ did manZilze isvris cecxls da didi gamanadgure-
beli Zala gaaCnia. TebervalSi „gradi“ stepanakertis dasaxlebuli
kvartlebisaTvis cecxlis dasaSenad gamoiyeneboda, ris Sedegad
qalaqma kolosaluri ngreva ganicada. mosaxleoba faqtobrivad
sardafebSi cxovrobda [mTiani yarabaxis Sss-s monacemebiT 01. 01-
dan 17. 03. 92.-Si somxuri mxridan mTian yarabaxSi moklul iqna
227 adamiani, diWra 391, daingra 477 saxli da saxelmwifo obieq-
ti, dazianda 487 saxli da saxelmwifo obieqti. azerbaijanis Sss
analogiur daTvlebs ar awarmoebs].
samxedro moqmedebebis zonidan mosaxleobis evakuaciaze orive
mxarem uari ganacxada, radganac miaCndaT, rom „mosaxleobis evakua-
cia teritoriis Cabarebis samzadisia“.
ianvris bolos morigi Setevis Sedegad azerbaijanelebma ori
somxuri sofeli: faruxi da xramorti aiRes. brZolebis dros am
raionSi imyofeboda damoukidebeli damkvirvebeli a. CeCina. so-
flebis mosaxleobis didma nawilma mTas Seafara Tavi. CeCina aris
mowme imisa, Tu rogor gaiZarcva sofeli xramorti. RamiT somxurma
razmebma kvlav daikaves sofeli. xramorti daingra da daiwva azer-
baijanuli formirebebis ukandaxevis dros. sofelSi 6 moxucis
cxedari (qalebi da mamkacebi) iqna napovni, romelTac wasvla ver
moaswres an soflis datoveba ar moisurves. CeCinam piradad naxa
dasaxiCrebuli cxedrebi.
xojali
somxuri dasaxlebis - askeranis (2000 mcxovrebi) mimarTulebiT
azerbaijanuli Zalebis ianvris Setevis warmatebis SemTxvevaSi xo-
jalis blokada moxsnili iqneboda.
79
mTian yarabaxSi azerbaijanelebiT dasaxlebulTa raodenobis
mixedviT xojali SuSis Semdeg meore adgils ikavebda. stepanaker-
tisa da askeranis damakavSirebli gza, romelic Semdeg didi azer-
baijanuli qalaqisaken - agdamisaken miemarTeba xojalze gadis. xo-
jalTan axlos aris erTaderTi aeroporti mTels mTian yarabaxSi,
romelsac TviTmfrinavebis miReba SuZlia. 1988 wlidan dawyebuli
xojali araerTxel gaxda konfliqtebis epicentri. somxuri mxare
araerTxel gamovida imis winaaRmdeg, rom azerbaijanis xelisufle-
bas iq intensiuri mSenebloba da somxeTidan devnili azerbaijan-
elebis Casaxlebaze uari eTqva, radganac miaCndaT, rom msgavsi mo-
qmedeba iq demografiul situacias azerbaijanelTa sasargeblod
Secvlida. dasaxlebis mosaxleoba 1991 wlisaTvis 2135 adamianidan
(1988 w.) 6300-mde gaizarda, maT Soris stepanakertidan da mTiani
yarabaxis sxva dasaxlebuli punqtebidan devnili azerbaijanelebis
xarjze. xojalma qalaqis statusi miiRo. iq ganlagebuli iyo azer-
baijanis respublikis Sss-s qvedanayofi omoni, romelic 1990 wels
aeroports akontrolebda. mravali cnoba arsebobs imis Sesaxeb,
Tu ra Zaladobas axorcilebednen omonis TanamSromlebi somexi
erovnebis mgzavrebsa da mfrinavebze aeroportis funqcionirebis
dros.
1991 wlis Semodgomaze xojali somxuri formirebebis mier faq-
tobrivad alyaSi iyo moqceuli, xolo mTiani yarabaxidan Sinagani
jarebis gayvanis Semdeg mTlianad blokadaSi aRmoCnda. 1992 wlis
ianvridan xojals ar miewodeboda eleqtroenergia. mosaxleobis
nawilma datova blokirebuli qalaqi, Tumca mSvidobiani mosaxle-
obis mTliani evakuacia xojalis aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis
meTauris - e. mamedovis daJinebuli Txovnis miuxedavad ar iqna or-
ganizebuli.
1992 wlis 25 Tebervals somxurma SeiaraRebulma formirebebma
xojalis Sturmi daiwyes.
xojalis Sturmi
Sturmis momentSi xojalSi 2-dan 4 aTasamde mcxovrebi iyo qa-

laqis damcvelTa CaTvliT. xojals adgilobrivebi, azerbaiajnis
respublikis Sss-s OMON-is TanamSromlebi da azerbaijanis nacio-
naluri armiis jariskacebi icavdnen. orive mxaris informaciiT qa-
laqSi ori erTeuli javSanteqnika da danadgari „alazani“ iyo gan-
lagebuli. Sturmis monawileTa mtkicebiT xojalSi iyo agerTve 2
80
reaqtiuli danadgari „gradi“.
Sturmis monawileebi. Tanamdebobis oficialuri pirebi ar-
erTxel eubnebodnen „memorialis“ warmomadgenlebs, rom yvela
somxuri SeiaraRebuli Zala mTian yarabaxSi erTian meTaurobasaa
daqvemdebarebuli. wedeba da erTiani fici am razmebs ar aqvT. ar-
sebobs brZanebebi jaris Sesaxeb, romelsac mebrZolebs meTaurebi
acnoben. Tumca „memorialis“ damkvirveblebs rcebaT STabeWdile-
ba, rom xSirad meTaurebsac ar gaaCniaT brZanebebi dawerili for-
miT, xolo mebrZolTa rigebidan msgavsi ram aravis ar waukiTxavs.
erTaderTi dokumenti romelis SeiaraRebuli formirebebis wevr-
Ta moqmedebis reglamentirebas axdens mowinaaRmdege mxaris mSvi-
dobiani mosaxleobis mimarT aris erovnul-gamanTavisuflebeli
armiis „arcaxis“ brZaneba 1, romlis mixedviT akrZalulia raime sax-
is Zaladoba mowinaaRmdege mxaris mSvidobiani mosaxleobis mimarT,
Tumca „memorialis“ wevrebs werilobiTi saxiT es brZaneba TvaliT
ar unaxavT. misi Sinaarsi rigiTma mebrZolebma meTaurebis gadmo-
cemiT ician.
SturmSi monawileobas iRebda javSanteqnika - bronetranspor-
tiorebi, qveiTTa sabrZolo manaqnebi da tankebi.
raime dokumenti, romelic xojalis Sturmis nebarTvis gamcemis
brZanebis arsebobas adasturebda „memorialis“ damkvirveblebma
ver aRmoaCines.
sabWoTa armiis 366-e polkis samxedro mosamsaxureTa monaw-
ileoba. xojalidan devnilTa praqtikulad umravlesobis mtkice-
biT qalaqis SturmSi monawileobas iRebdnen 366-e polkis samxedro
mosamsaxureebi, maT Soris zogierTi qalaqic Sevida.
somxebis mxridan miRebuli cnobebiT qalaqis SturmSi monaw-
ileobas iRbda 366-e polki sabrZolo mnaqanebi ekipaJTan erTad,
romlebic cecxls uSendnen qalaqs magram Sig ar Sesulan. maTi
monawileoba samxedro moqmedebebSi polkis meTauris werilobiTi
brzanebiT sanqcirebuli ar yofila.
Sturmis msvleloba. saartilerio cecxlis xojalisaTvis daS-
ena 25 Tebervlis Ramis 23 saaTze daiwyo. amasTan cecxls qveS mohyva
dasaxlebuli raionis siRrmeSi mdebare yazarma da Tavdacvis for-
postebi. qalaqSi qveiTi razmebis Sesvla 26 Tebervlis Ramis 1-dan
dilis 4 saaTamde gagrZelda.
somxuri SeiraRebuli formirebebis wevrebis cnobebiT xojalis
organizebuli dacva male gadatexes. xojalis ngrevis faqts saar-
tilerio cecxlis daSena adasturebs.
81
Tavdacvis ukanaskneli kera dilis 7 saaTze iqna aRebuli.
Sturmis dawebisas mosaxleobis nawilma qalaqis datoveba da ag-
damis mimarTulebiT svla daiwyo. gaqceulTa Soris qalaqis garni-
zonis SeiaraRebuli adamianebic imyofebodnen.
adamianebi ori mimarTulebiT midiodnen:
1) qalaqis aRmosavleT ganapira mxridan Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT
mdinaris totis gayolebiT, am dros ganze rCeboda askerani (somexi
oficrebis mtkicebiT es gza „Taviufali derefnis“ saxiT iyo dato-
vebuli);
2) qalaqis CrdiloeT ganapira mxridan Crdilo-aRmosavleTisak-
en. am dros askerani marjvniv rCeboda (devnilTa mcire nawili am
gziT midioda);
amgvarad, xojali datova mSvidobiani mosaxleobis umravleso-
bam, xolo daaxloebiT 200-300 kaci qalaqSi saxlebSsa da sardafebSi
damaluli darCa.
Sturmis dros mSvidobiani mosaxleobis daudgeneli raode-
noba daiRupa. somxurma mxarem uari Tqva am SemTxvevaSi daRupul-
Ta raodenobis Sesaxeb raime informaciis mocemaze gaerTianeba
„golfstrimis“ teleoperatoris i. burganskis cnobiT 26. 02.-Si
xojalis raionSi mSvidobiani mosaxleobis didi nawili naRmty-
orcnis cecxlis Sedegad daiRupa, Tumca burganskis cnobebi ar
emTxveva sxva wyaroebidan miRebul informaciebs].
somxuri mxaris informaciiT Sturmis dros dakarges 10-12 ada-
miani.
„Tavisufali deferfani“ mosaxleobis

gamosasvlelad
mTiani yarabaxis oficialuri pirebis informaciiT xojalis
mSvidobiani mosaxleobis gamosvlis mizniT gakeTda „Tavisufali
derefani“, romelic qalaqis ganapiras aRmosavleTiT iwyeboda ga-
dioda mdinaris gaswvriv Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT gverdze toveda
askerans da agdamisken miemarTeboda. derefnis sifarTove 100-200
adgilebis mixedviT 300 metrs Seadgenda. somxuri SeiraRebuli
formirebebi pirobas debdnen, rom mSvidobian mosaxleobas ar es-
rodnen.
xojalis oficialuri Tnamdebobis pirebisa da Sturmis monawi-
leTa mixedviT, derefnis arsebobis Sesaxeb informirebuli iyo
xojalis mosaxleoba. informacia javSantransportiorze damon-
taJebuli xmis gamaZlierebliT vrceldeboda, rac SeiZleba mo-
82
saxleobis nawils arc gaego. xojalidan devnilebma amgvari ram ar
daadastures.
agdamsa da baqoSi „memorialis“ damkvirveblebma 60 adamiani
gamokiTxes, romlebic Sturmis dros xojalidan gamoiqcnen. maTgan
mxolod erTma Tqva, rom icoda „Tavisufali derefnis“ arsebobis
Sesaxeb. arc im dakavebulebma icodnen amis Sesaxeb, romlebsac dam-
kvirveblebi stepanakertSi deputat r. airikianis TandaswrebiT
rom esaubrnen (saubari somxeTis televiziis operatorma gdaiRo).
Sturmamde ramdenime dRiT adre somxuri mxaris warmomad-
genlebma radiokavSiris meSveobiT araerTxel acnobes xojalis
xelisuflebas mosalodneli Sturmis Sesaxeb da mouwodes dauy-
ovnebliv gaeyvanaT mosaxleoba. es informacia rom gadaeca azer-
baijanul mxares dadsturebulia baqoSi gamocemul gazeTebSi.
koridoris arsebobaze mianiSnebs gazeTSi citirebuli xelisu-
flebis warmomadgenlis e. mamedovis sityvebi: „Cven vicodiT, rom
es koridori mSvidobiani mosaxleobis gamosasvlelad iyo gankuT-
vnili...“
xojalis mcxovrebTa bedi
xojalis mcxovrebTa bedi, romlebic gamoiqcnen qalaqidan.

Sturmis dawyebisTanve panikaSi Cavardnili mosaxleoba qalaqidan
gasvlas Seudga. adamianebi ver aswrebdnen aucilebeli nivTebis
aRebas da Caucmel-dauxuravi garbodnen (ris gamoc sxvadasxva
saxis moyinulobas hqonda adgili). baqoSi da agdamSi gamokiTxul
devnilTa umravlesobas dokumentebic ar hqondaT.
qalaqidan gamoqceulTa didi nakadi mdinaris gaswvriv midioda.
devnilTa zogierT jgufebSi romlebic „Tavisufali derefniT“
midiondnen SeiaraRebuli adamianebic eria qalaqis garnizonidan.
maT cecxli gauxsnes, ris Sedegadac bevri maTgani daiRupa xolo
cocxlad darCenilebi gaifantnen. gaqceulebi somexTa saguSagoe-
bs awydebodnen da srolis qveS yvebodnen. devnilTa nawilma mainc
moaxerxa agdamSi Casvla; xolo nawili ZiriTadad qalebi da bavSvebi
gzaSi gaiyina (maTi raodenobis dadgena SeuZlebelia). devnilTa
garkveuli nawili agdamSi CasulTa gamokiTxviT tyved Cavarda
somxuri soflebis gavlisas.
devnilTa masobrivi daRupvis adgilebi da moklulTa cxedrebi
video firze iqna gadaRebuli maSin rodesac azerbaijaneli danay-
ofebi cxedrebis vertmfreniT agdamSi gadatanas axorcielebdnen.
83
video firze gadaRebulTa Soris did nawils qalebi da zr-
dasruli asakis adamianebi Seadgendnen, iyvnen aseve bavSvebic
da formiani adamianebi. mTlianobaSi video firze ramdenime
aTeulobiT cxedaria dafiqsirebuli. xojalidan devnilTa
masobrivi daRupva gamTeniisas moxda.
4 dRis ganmavlobaSi agdamSi gamotaniliqna orasi cxe-
dari. umravlesoba maTgani dasaxiCrebuli iyo. agdamis
sanitaruli matareblis eqimebma 4 skalpirebuli cxedari
daaafiqsires xolo erTi cxedari Tavis gareSe iyo. agdamSi
Catarda 181 cxedris samxedro samedicino eqspertiza (130
mamrobiTi sqesis 51 mdedrobiTi sqesis, maT Soris 13 bavSvia);
eqspertTa daskvnidan irkveva, rom 141 adamianis sikvdilis
mizezi iyo tyviiT miyenebuli Wriloba, 20 adamiani yumbaris
afeTqebis Sedegad daiRupa, 10 ki mokluli iyo mZime sagnis
CartymiT. garda amisa samdeicino sasamarTlo eqspertiza
rigi sxva cxedrebisa Catarda baqoSi. yarabaxis oficialuri
Tanamdebobis pirebis cnobiT maTi nebarTviT agdamSi gat-
anil iqna 120-130 cxedari. maTgan 96 agdamSi damarxes danar-
Ceni ki naTesavebs gadasces.
yarabaxis oficialurma warmomadgenlebma da somxeTis
SeiaraRebuli razmis wevrebma mSvidobiani mosaxleobis
daRupva „Tavisufali derefnis“ zonaSi axsnes imiT, rom
ltolvilebTan erTad SeiaraRebuli adamianebic iyvnen
romlebic somxur saguSagoebs esrodnen. aseve maTive TqmiT
azerbaijaneli formirebebi agdamis mimarTulebiT garRve-
vas cdilobdnen, ramac mSvidobiani mosaxleobis msxverpli
gamoiwvia. im momentSi rodesac somxuri sabrZolo razmebi
Setevas igeriebdnen maT zurgs ukan xojalidan devnilTa
pirvelma jgufebma gaira, xolo maT Soris myofma SeiaraRe-
bulma adamianebma cecxli gauxsnes somxur saguSagoebs. br-
Zolis dros erTi saguSago ganadgurda (ori adamiani mokvda
aTi daiWra), maSin sxva saguSagos mebrZolebma romelTa arse-
bobis Sesaxeb informacia devnilebs ar hqondaT, axlo manZi-
lidan gauxsnes cecxli xojalidan momaval devnilebs.
xojalidan devnilebis CvenebebiT, romlebic presaSi
gamoqveynda, ltolvilebTad erTad mimavali SeaiaraRebuli
adamianebi somxur saguSagoebs esrodnen magram pirvel sro-
las somxuri mxare iwyebda.
srolis qveS moyvnen meore mimarTulebiT mimavali
84
devnilebi, romlebic gverds uvlidnen askerans.
agdamis sanitaruli matareblis JurnalSi romelSic xo-
jalis damcvelebi da iqidan gamosuli mosaxleobaa dafiq-
sirebuli 598 daWrili da moyinuli adamiania aRniSnuli iqve
dafiqsirebulia cocxali adamianis skalpirebis SemTxveva.
xojalis daRupuli mosaxleobis saerTo raodenobis Se-
fasebisas gasaTvaliswinebelia,rom adamianebi iRupebodnen
ara mxolod srolis Sedegad aramed iyinebodnen. sazogadoe-
ba „memorialis“ damkvirveblebi esaubrnen qals romelsac
amgvarad sami bavSvi daaRupa. xojalis gayinuli mosaxleobis
zusti raodenobis dadgena SeuZlebelia. gazeT „yarabaxis“
26.03.92.w cnobiT xojalidan devnilTa daxmarebis komisiam
476 daRupulis ojaxs daxmareba gauwia.
qalaqSi darCenili mosaxleobis bedi. mas Semdeg rac
somxurma SeiaraRebulma formirebebma aiRes qalaqi masSi
300 mSvidobiani mosaxle iyo darCa, maT Soris iyo 86 Turqi-
mesxi.
mcxovrebTa, Sturmis monawileTa, yarabaxis oficialur
Tanamdebobis pirTa da mediis CvenebebiT im dros xojalis
raionSi darCenili yvela mosaxle tyved iqna ayvanili da sami
dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi Cayvanil iqna stepanakertSi da as-
keranis izolatorSi. yarabxis oficialur pirTa gancxadeb-
iT yvela qali da bavSvi usasyidloT erTi kviris ganmavloba-
Si gadaeca azerbaijanul mxares.
orive mxridan miRebuli informaciiT 28.03.92.w. azerbai-
janul mxares 700-ze meti tyve gadaeca romlebic ayvanil
iqnen rogorc qalaqSi, aseve agdamSi mimaval gzaze maT Soris
ZiriTad masas Seadgendnen qalebi da bavSvebi.
amasTanave arsebobs xojalis mcxovrebTa Cvenebebi imis
Sesaxeb, rom qalebi da bavSvebi „gacvlis saSualebad“ iyvnen
gamoyenebulni es Cvenebebi mtkicdeba „memorialis“ warmo-
madgenelTa piradi dakvirvebebiT: 13.03 qalaq askeranSi mZev-
lebis saxiT jer kidev imyofebodnen xojalis mcxovrebni,
maT Soris qalebi da axalgazrda gogonebi. arsebobs sarw-
muno mowmoba imisa, rom qalebi miTiTebuli vadis Semdegac
Zaladobris qveS rCebodnen.
85
xojalis mcxovrebTa da damcvelTa
pirobebi tyveobaSi
„memorialis“damkvirveblebis mier stepanakertSi xojalis

tyved ayvanili mosaxleobisa da azerbaijanuli SeiaraRebuli
formirebebis tyved Cavardnil wevrTa daTvalielebis Sedegad
dadginda, rom maTi pirobebi ukiduresad aradamakmayofilebelia.
tyveTa garegnuli iersaxidan Canda, rom maT cudad kvebavdnen.
miRebul iqna zepiri informacia rom maT cemdnen. Tumca damkvirve-
blebma mxolod garkveuli nawili naxes.
maiorma xaCaturianma akrZala tyveebTan saubari, Tundac mcire
xniT erT-erTi saubari SemTxveviTobis wyalobiT moxda.
tyveTa CvenebiT mamakacebs cemdnen, qalebs aupatiurebdnen, maT
Soris arasrulwlovnebsac.
xojalis mcxovrebTa qonebis xvedri
xojalidan gamoqceulebs araferi ar wamouRiaT. xojalSi dar-

Cenil maTs qonebas Zarcva-gleja da dataceba xvda wilad. is step-
anakertis mcxovreblebma gazides. saxlis Sesasvlel karebTan maTi
axalmflobelTa gvarebi ewera. mTiani yarabaxis umaRlesi sabWos
gadawyvetilebiT xojalis saxlebSi somxebi Casaxldebian, risTvi-
sac maT am saxlis nomrebi daurigdebaT.
mTiani yarabaxis oficialuri xelisuflebis

reaqcia mSvidobiani mosaxleobis mimarT
Zaladobaze
mTiani yarabaxis umaRlesi sabWo gamovida gancxadebiT

romelSic gamoTqmulia mwuxareba xojalis aRebisas arse-
bul Zaladobis faqtebTan dakavSirebiT, Tumca xojalis
aRebisas Cadenili danaSaulebaTa gamoZiebis Sesaxeb araferi
iyo naTqvami.
„memorialis“ damkvirveblebTan saubrisas oficialuri
Tanamdebobis pirebi ar uaryofdnen, rom xojalis aRebisas
marTlac SeiZleba honoda Zaladobas adgili, radganac somx-
uri SeiaraRebuli razmis wevrebs Soris iyvnen gamwarebuli
adamianebi romleTa naTesavebi azerbaijanelebma mokles.
86
miRebuli cnobebis Sefaseba
qalaq xojalis aRebisas ganxorcielebuli samxedro op-
eraciis Sedegad adgili hqonda mSvidobiani mosaxleobis
mimarT Zaladobas.
„Tavisufali derefnis“ deklarirebuli SeTavazeba Sei-
Zleba Sefasdes mxolod rogorc mTiani yarabaxis Tanam-
debobis pirTa mxridan mosaxleobisagan qalaqis gawmendis
mizanmimarTuli moqmedeba.
informacia „Tavisufali derefnis“ arsebobis Sesaxeb xo-
jalis mosaxleobis did nawilamde ar iqna dayvanili.
somxuri razmebis mier xojalis aRebis Semdeg mSvidobiani
mosaxleoba deportirebul iqna. es moqmedebebi xorcielde-
boda organizebulad mravali deportirebuli stepanakert-
Si yavdaT, rac aSkarad miuTiTebs mTiani yarabaxis xelisu-
flebis Sesabamis gankargulebaze.
„Tavisufali derefnis“ zonaSi mSvidobiani mosaxleobis
masobrivi xocva aranairi garemoebiT ar marTldeba.
mZevlebis saxiT xojalis mSvidobiani mosaxleobis, maT
Soris qalebisa da abavSvebis ayvana aSkara winaaRmdegobaSia
mTiani yarabaxis xelisuflebis mier gakeTebul gancxade-
basTan azerbaijaneli mxarisaTvis xojalis mSvidobiani mo-
saxleobis usasyidlod gadacemis Taobaze. mZevalTa piro-
bebi ar iyo damakmayofilebeli da adgili hqonda maT mimarT
Zaladobas.
xojalis mosaxleobas ukanonod waarTves qoneba romelic
stepanakertis mcxovreblebma miisakuTres. sxvisi qonebis
aseTi misakuTrebis legalizeba moaxdina mTiani yarabaxis
xelisuflebam. gasca ra orderebi deportirebuli xojalis
mosaxleobis mier datovebul saxlebSi somxebis Seasxlebis
Taobaze.
xojalis SturmSi monawileobas iRebda 366-e motomsrole-
li polki romelic dsTs jarebs ekuTvnoda. ufleba daviTi
centr „memorialis“ azriT dsTs samxedroebis monawileoba
saomar moqmedebebSi specialur gamoZiebas saWiroebs.
ufleba dacviTi centris „memorialis“ konstataciiT xo-
jalis Sturmis dros mTiani yarabaxis somxuri SeiaraRebuli
formirebebis moqmedebebi mSvidobiani mosaxleobis mimarT
uxeSad ewinaaRmdegeba Jenevis konvencias da Semdeg statiebs
adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciidan (miRebu-
87
lia gaeros generaluri ansableis mier 10.12 1948w.)
statia 2 aRiarebs, rom „yoveli adamians unda hqondes yve-
la ufleba da yvela Tavisufleba aRiaerebuli am deklara-
ciiT, miuxedavad yovelgvari gansxvavebisa...“
statia 3 aRiarebs yoveli adamianis sicocxles, Tavisu-
flebasa da pirovnul xelSeuxeblobas;
statia 5 krZalavs damamcirebel da araadamianur mopy-
robas;
statia 9 krZalavs usafuZvlo patimrobas tyved ayvanas
da devnas;
statia 17 aRiarebs rom yovel adamians aqvs sakuTrebis
ufleba da krZalavs misTvis qonebis warTmevas.
SeiaraRebuli formirebebis moqmedebebi uxeSad ewinaaRm-
degeba samxedro konfliqtebisa da sagangebo situaciebis
dros qalebisa da bavSvebis dacvis Sesaxeb deklaracias
(gamocxadebulia gaeros generaluri ansambleis mier 14.12
1974 w.), masSi naTqvamia:
„sagangebo situaciebisa da konfliqtebis dros mSvido-
bisaTvis brZolaSi moxvedrili qalebs da bavSvebs unda hqon-
deT saWmeli samedicino daxmareba da sxva adamianis ufleba-
Ta sayovelTao deklaraciiT miniWebuli uflebebi, agreTve
samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis saerTaSoriso pak-
etiT, miniWebuli uflebebi. aseve ekonomikuri socialuri
da kulturuli uflebebi saerTaSoriso paketiT moniWebu-
li, bavSvTa uflebebis deklaraciiT da sxva saerTaSoriso
aqtebiT moniWebuli uflebebi.“
88
sisxlis Rvra kavkasiaSi
SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis eskalacia mTian yarabaxSi
wyaro: „sisxlis Rvra kavkasiaSi“ Human Rights Watch-is mox-
seneba, helsingi, 1992 wlis seqtemberi. gv: 19-24.
xojali
25-26 Tebervals RamiT somxurma SeiaraRebulma Zalebma aiRes
qalaqi xojali, romelic stepanakertidan 10 km.-s daSorebiT mde-
bareobs. rodesac qalaqis mSvidobiani mosaxleoba ukan daxeul
azerbaijanul miliciasTan da Tavdacvis ZalebTan erTad xojali-
dan mirboda, rom gadaelaxa sazRvari da agdamSi moxvedriliyo maT
gzaze Casafrebulma somxurma razmebma cecxli dauSines. amJamad
azerbaijanis mTavroba or gamoZiebas awarmoebs am movlenebTan
dakavSirebiT: erT-erT maTgans specialuri saparlamento komisia
awarmoebs, xolo meores prokuratura. garda amisa cxnobilma ru-
sulima arasamTavrobo organizaciam „uflebadacviTma centrma“
„memorialma“ 1992 wlis martis incidentis damoukidebeli gamoZie-
ba Caatara4.
azerbaijanis prokuraturis TanamSromelTa informaciis Tanax-
mad, konfliqtis eskalaciamde mTian yarabaxSi xojalis mosaxleoba
6 000-s adamians Seadgenda; Tebervlis TveSi qalaqSi myofi adamian-
ebis zusti raodenoba ucnobia, ramdenadac zogierTi mcxovrebi
SeiZleba adre gaqceuliyo5. 1988 wels xojalSi sul 2 aTasi adami-
ani cxovrobda da mas dasxlebis statusi hqonda; mosaxleobis ra-
odenoba somxeTidan devnili azerbaijanelebis xarjze gaizarda.
azerbaijanis mTavrobam xojalSi aseve daasaxla ramdenime aseuli
Sua aziidan devnili Turqi-mesxi. sabolood xojalSi Tavi moiyares
azerbaijanelebma mTiani yarabaxis sxva raionebidanac, kerZod,
stepanakertidan. es procesi grZeldeboda mas Semdeg rac somxurma
SeiaraRebulma Zalebma 1991-92 ww. zamTarSi maTi dasaxlebebi Caig-
des xelSi. 1991 wlis dekemberSi azerbaijanis mTavrobam xojals qa-
laqis statusi miakuTvna da is mTian yarabaxSi SuSis Semdeg meore
4 ix. uflebadadacviT jguf „memorialis“ moxseneba adamianis uflebaTa

masobrivi darRvevebis Sesaxeb qalaq xojalis aRebisas 1992 wlis 25-26
Tebervals RamiT. rusul enaze moxseneba gamoqveynebuli iyo oragnizacia
„helsinki votCis“ mier, romelic gadaibeWda „nezavisimaia gazetam“ 1992 w.
18 ivnisi. gv: 5.
5. azebaijanis prokuraturis gamomZiebelTa jgufi aprilSi adgenda xoja-
lis mcxovrebTa zust raodenobas amowmebda ra, pasportebis registracias.
89
azerbaijanuli qalaqi gaxda mosaxleobis raodenobiT6.
erTaderT aeroporti mTels mTian yarabaxSi mdebareobs xojal-
Si. 1991 wlidan qalaqisa da aeroportis dacvis mizniT xojalSi gan-
lagda azerbaijanuli omonis razmi. milicionerTa zusti raode-
noba ucnobia. aiden rasulovi romelic azerbajanis prokuraturis
gamoZiebas meTaurobs laparakobs 22 milicioneris Sesaxeb, Tumca
devnilTa cnobiT mosaxleobasTan erTad qalaqidan garboda 40 mi-
licioneri. garda amisa xojalSi iyo adgilobrivi mcxovreblebisa-
gan Seqmnili Tavdacvis razmi 200 kacis SemadgenlobiT.
somxuri SeiaraRebuli Zalis mebrZolebi amtkiceben, rom maT
ultimatumi wauyenes azeraijanul SeaiaraRebul Zalebs, Tu ki
isini ar Sewyvetdnen stepanakertis saraketo dabombvas romelic
xojalidan xorcieldeboda, maSin isini Tavs daesxmodnen qalaqs7.
ai ras ambobs azerbaijaneli qali a. x. romelsac baqoSi esaubrnen
„helsinki votCis“ warmomadgenlebi: „mas Semdeg rac somxebma aiRes
malibeili xojals ultimatumi wauyenes... rom umjobesia xojalis
mosaxleoba TeTri droSiT gavides qalaqidan. alif gajievma (qalaq
xojalis miliciis ufrosi) amis Sesaxeb Cven 15 Tebervals gviTxra,
magram es ar gvaSinebda arc me da arc sxvebs. Cven ar gvjeroda, rom
maT SeuZliaT xojalis okupireba.“
„helsinki votCis“ mier gamokiTxuli 22 azerbaijaneli mowme
iyo imisa, rom 1991-92 wlebis zamTarSi xojals praktikulad yov-
el dRiurad uSendnen cecxls da adamianebi mieCvivnen sardafebSi
cxovrebas.
xojalze Seteva 25 Tebervals Ramis 11 saaTze8 saartilerio
cecxlis daSeniT daiwyo. hasan alaxiarovma mSenebelma-muSam „hel-
sinki votCs“ uambo „Cven miveCvieT srolebs magram Cveulebriv es
iyo tyviebi. me aivanze meZna, CemTan movida Cemi biji da miTxra, rom
srolebs sxva xma hqonda. ,,me avdeqi da... davinaxe bmp (javSniani qve-
iTi manqana) da tankebi, romlebic isrodnen yvela mxridan...roca me
gamovedi, me davinaxe, rom yvelgan vardeba bombebi,,
ramodenime ltolvilma mamcno, rom isini xedavdnen cecxl-
modebul saxlebs xojalize Tavdasxmis dros an, roca garbodnen
6 xojalis cxovrebis aRwera 25 Tebervlis Tavdasxmamde ix. statiaSi :

t.holci, Tavdadebuli qalaqi: sruli marcxis zona yarabaxSi, vaSngton pos-
ti, 1992 w. 8 marti. gv : 1.
7 „helsinki votCis“ mier a. g-s somxeTis erovnul gamanTavisuflebeli armi-
is arcaxis wevris gamokiTxva, 1992 w. 26 aprili.
8 s.a-s omonis razmis mebrZolis mowmobiT aeroportisaTvis cecxlis daSena
daiwyo 17.00. saaTze.
90
soflidan.
juleka duniamalieva (romlis dac gardaicvala xojalidan
gaqcevis dros miRebuli momyinvarebis dros), mogviyva, rogor
daaxloebiT SuaRamisas an Ramis pirvel saaTze, man dainaxa is raio-
ni, sadac cxovrobdnen Turqi-mesxebi, rogor moicva is xanZarma:
,,mesxebi cxovrobdnen Cvens raionSi, finur saxlebSi. roca
dawves maTi saxlebi, Cven egreve gaviqeciT,,
xojalis mosaxleobis udidesi nawili rCeboda qalaqSi daax-
loebiT Ramis sam saaTamde, zogierTi imaleboda kerZo saxlebis
sardafebSi. garda amisa, cnobili informaciiT, 300-mde macxovre-
beli Tavs afarebda skolis sardafs. zogierTi gvawvdida informa-
cias rom, maT gadawyvites gaqceva Ramos sam saaTze, imitom rom Tav-
dacvis razmis mebrZolebi gars uvlidnen quCebs, da eZaxdnen xalxs
daetovebinaT qalaqi.
mosaxleoba tovebda qalaqs calkeuli jgufebiT, qaossa da
panikaSi, maT umravlesobam verc ki aiRo piradi nivTebi da Tbili
tansacmeli.
saboloo jamSi, xalxis nawili gaiyina Zlieri yinvebisagan, zo-
gierTi ki daiRupa.
xojalis mosaxleobis udidesi nawili moZraobda gzaze, ro-
melic midioda patara mdinarisken, mTebisken da ganTiadamde
cota adre gamovida sofel naxiCevaniqTan mdebare Ria mindiorze.
es sofeli imyofeboda maSin somxebis kontrolis qveS.
ai, swored aq gaimarTa yvelaze intensiuri srolebi. mosaxleo-
bis meore naweli garboda sxva gziT, romelic midioda aRdamTan
mdebare azerbaijanul sofel SeliSSi.
xojalis ramodenime gadarCenili macxovrebeli, ramodenime
dRe daborialobda tyeSi, sanam gamovidoda agdamis SemogarenTan.
miliciis moqmedeba
ltolvilTa erT jgufTan erTad, aeroportidan ixev-

da azerbaijanuli omonic, alif hajievis xelmZRvanelo-
biT. ,,helsinqi voCis” mier dakiTxul ramodenime TviTmx-
ilvelis monayoliT, hajiema moimxro mosaxleobis nawili,
romelic imaleboda skolis sardafSi, raTa daetovebinaT
sofeli. sofel naxiCevaniqTan, somxebma da dsT-s 366-e pol-
kis nawilebma, cecxli gauxsnes ukan daxeul omons da qalaqis
91
mSvidobian mosaxleobas, romelic tovebda qalaqs. yvela da-
kiTxuli azerbaijaneli, romelic garboda am jgufTan er-
Tad, iuwyeba rom, milicionerebi iyvnen formaSi, zogierTs
hqonda iaraRi da isini Seerivnen samoqalaqo pirTa masas.
magaliTisaTvis, 23 wlis xijran aleqperma, sacxobis yofil-
ma mcxobelma, mohyva samoqalaqo pirTa jgufze, romlebic
moZraobdnen damcvelTa mier alyaSemortymulebi, ,,isini
cdilobdnen Cvens dacvas. maT ar hqondaT cecxlsasroli
iaraRi, isini cdilibdnen Tavis dacvas“.
rogorc iZaxis 21 wlis azerebaijaneli qali, romelsac
gaukeTes fexebis TiTebis amputacia, momyinvarebis Sem-
deg, ,,Cven jgufs saTaveSi edgnen mamakacebi. somxebma gax-
snes cecxli, roca Cven mivediT sofel (naxiCevanikTan). Cven
Semogvartyes alya da, gvesroles. s.a., omonis mebrZoli, ai
ra mouyva man ,,helsinqi voCs”: ,,Cven visrodiT da gavrbodiT
xalxis masasTan erTad, magram es ar iyo organizebuli ukan-
daxeva. Cven yvela erTmaneTs SeverieT“. meore axalgazrda
azerbaijanelma qalma, romelic Zalian daiCagra fexebis
moyinvis gamo, aseve aRwers srolis moments: ,,roca somxebma
Cven dagvinaxes, daiwyes srola. am momentSi azerbaijaneleb-
ma daiwyes sapasuxo srolebi. es iyo azerbaijanuli omoni.
zogierTi maTgani iyo CvenTan, roca Cven gamovrbodiT~.
92
tyved ayvanili qalebi da bavSvebi xojalidan gamo-
qcevis Semdeg
foto: viqtoria ivlevasi
xojalis saxlidan gamoZeveba

93
somexi mZarcvelebi, xojalize Tavdasxmis da iqi-
dan azerbaijanelTa `gawmendidan” erTi saaTis Sem-
deg foto: viqtoria ivlevasi
gamosaTxovari Sexedva
94
aiRo, rac xelSi mogxvdeba da gaiqce
mehriban bakirova, axalSobili Cvilis deda Tavis

or SvilTan erTad zis TovlSi somexi boevikis wi-
naSe foto: viqtoria ivlevasi
95
somexi boevikebi, darwmunebulni rom nadavlis
nawili maTac ekuTvnis foto: viqtoria ivlevasi
96
gagiJebiszRvarze
yoveli Sesaferisi adgili hospitali xdeba, TviT oficialuri

dawesebulebebic. warwera gvamcnobs: `samSoblos Svilo - Sen
mzad xar ibrZolo TavisuflebisTvis, damoukideblobisa da
azerbaijanis erTianobisTvis? “ foto: viqtoria ivlevasi
97
sayvareli adamiani napovnia... da dakargulia...
foto: frederik lengainis
98
uZlureba
foto: frederik lengainis
99
saSinelebebiT daTrgunulni
foto: frederik lengeinis
brZolis velze gadarCenilebi

foto: frederik lengeinis
100
cecxli samoqalaqo mosaxleobisken.
sofel naxiCevanikTan momxdari srolebis mowmeni uyvebian

,,helsinqi voCs” adamianTa sxva da sxva raodenobaze, romlebic mo-
hyvnen srolebSi, garda amisa, maT mouyves, rogor miiRes cecxsas-
roli iaraRidan Wrilobebi.
33 wlis nigiar azizova, xilbostneulis maRaziis muSa. man mouy-
va ,,helsinqi voCs,, rom roca xalxis masa eborZikeboda daxocilTa
gvamebs, isini motrialdnen da gaiqcnen sxva da sxva mxares. ,,xalxis
masa gaiWima daaxloebiT 60 metrze. me viyavi SuaSi, xolo xalxi, ro-
melic win garboda, lamis yvela ukve mkvdari iyo. naxiCevanikTan
davinaxeT, rogor vardeboda xalxi Cvens win. isini yvirodnen da
tirodnen. me vcnobdi maT saxeebs. me SemeZlo menaxa maTi saxeebi,
roca Cven maT fexs vabijebdiT. Cven Tvalebs uxuWavdiT Cvens bavS-
vebs, rom maT es ar enaxaT“.
qalbatonma azizovma daasaxela rva kaci, romelTa gvamebze mas
mouwia gadabijeba da daemowmebina, rom maT ar hqondaT cecxsas-
roli iaraRi:
elSan abuSovi, zelif alexfelievi, TevaRul alexfelievi, sax-
veT alexfelievi (romelic rogorc iZaxian iyo 9 wlis), elmar abdu-
levi, eTibar abuSovi da xabib abuSovi.
axalgazrda azerbajanelma qalma, romelic aiyvanes mZevlad,
mouyva ,,xelsinqi voCs”:
,, es iyo damuSavevbuli mindori. Cven mivediT masTan da davinax-
eT, rom isini esrodnen xalxs, Cven gaviqeciT sxva gziT. gzaze idga
bmp, me mas ver vxedavdi, me vxedavdi Wurvebs”
alaxerovas Tvrameti wlis qaliSvilma, romelic mamis gareSe
iyo, Tqva, rom xedavda tanks :
,, roca tankma daiwyo srola, Cven gaviqeciT sxva da sxva mxares.
me vxedavdi sxva da sxva mxares dayril gvamebs, da vxedavdi xalxs,
romlebic maT garSemo idga, da mere rogor vardeboda”
xiJran aleqferma moyva:
,,im droisaTvis, roca Cven mivediT naxiCevanikamde, ukve Ses-
rulda dilis cxra saaTi. iq iyo didi mindori, da uamravi adamiani
ukve mkvdari dagvxvda.
albaT asi kaci mainc. me ar micdia Tvla. me damWres am mindorze.
hajif alievs esroles da me mindoda davxmarebodi mas. tyvia
momxvda mucelSi.
me vxedavdi saidan isrodnen isini. me vxedavdi sxva gvamebs am min-
101
dorze. isini axali daxocilebi iyvnen - saxis feri jer Secvlili ar
hqondaT”.
51-wlis balaoRlan alaxiarovma mohyva:
,, Cven rogorc iqna mivaRwieT naxiCevaniqs dilis rva saaTisaT-
vis da roca daiwyes srola, Cven mivrbodiT mindvris centrisken.
isini isrodnen mxolod tyis mxridan. maSin Cven gaviqeciT mindvri-
dan xeobis mimarTulebiT, sadac daxvrites Cemi coli da rZali.
maT esrodnen daaxloebiT oci metris manZilidan. Cems rZals
moaxvedres sam jer -TavSi, mucelsa da fexSi. Cems cols esroles
uknidan (somxebma) moaZvres mas beWdebi”.
rva saaTisken naile xemeTovam miiRo cecxlasasroli Wriloba
marcxena fexSi:
,,Cven yvelani mivxoxavdiT. Tu vinme dgeboda, maT esrodnen. me
avdeqi, rom fexebs cota daesvena da, am dros mesroles. me davinaxe,
rogor mokles bevri, Cven mogviwia maTi datoveba, da gavagrZeleT
xoxva.
mas Semdeg rac daviWeri, me ar minaxia Soriaxlos moZravi xalxi,
isini daimalnen tyeSi. me vrCebodi Tovlze saRamos Svid saaTamde.
Semdeg movidnen ,,saxalxo frontis,, wevrebi da damexmarnen gaqcev-
aSi”
27 Tebervals azerbaijanul Sveulmfrenebs mohyavdaT xalxi,
romlebic cdilobdnen wamoeRoT gvamebi da, daxmareba gaewiaT daW-
rilebs. zogierTi maSveli Cacmuli iyo kamuflaJSi, maTTan erTad
iyo frangi Jurnalisti, man Tqva, rom zogierTi gvami iyo skalpire-
buli, an dasaxiCrebuli. jgufis erTi wevri awarmoebda videoga-
daRebas.
msxverplTa raodenoba
dRemde ucnobia xojalidan gaqcevis Semdeg mSvidobiani mosaxle-

obis daRupulTa ricxovnoba. aidin rasulovas TqmiT, sasamarTlo
eqspertizaze iyo mitanili 300 gvami Zaladobrivi sikvdilianobis
niSniT. ,,helsinki voCis“ CamosvlisTvis q. baqoSi, eqspertiza jer ar
iyo damTavrebuli, gamomZieblebi ki agrZelebdnen xojalis msxver-
plTa Zebnas, romlebic tragediis pirvelsave dReebSi, naTesavebma
gaitanes aRdamidan. adre azerbaijanma gamoaqveyna, xolo ,,memori-
alma“ daasaxela Semdegi cifrebi: 181 adamiani daiRupa cecxsasr-
oli iaraRiT, naRmze an sxva WrilobiT (130 mamakaci, 51 qali da
102
13 bavSvi). garda amisa, ar aris dadgenili im adamianTas ricxvi, ro-
melic gaiyina gzaSi. namig alievi, romelic xelmZRvanelobs azer-
baijanis parlamentis Tavdacvis, marTlwesrigis da kanonierebis
dacvis ganyofilebas da, Sedis saparlamento jgufSi, romelic
iZiebs xojalis ambebs, aprilis TveSi mouyva ,,helsinqi voCs“, rom
xojalis 213 msxverpli dakrZales aRdamSi. zogierTi daRupuli,
romelic moasvenes aRdamis droebiT hospitalSi, iyo identifici-
rebuli, rogorc samxedro piri. uamrav daRupul mamakacs ar hqon-
daT aranairi sabuTi, da ar iyvnen identificirebulni arc samx-
edro da arc samoqalaqo pirebad.
alievma aseve Tqva rom 33 gvami, romelic Semovida eqspertiza-
ze, iyo skalpirebuli, an tanis nawilebi akldaT, an iyvnen saSinlad
dasaxiCrebulni.
xojalis mosaxleobis 180 adamiani iTvleba ugzo ukvlod dakar-
gulad.
...SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebis dros kategoriulad akrZalu-
lia Tavdasxma mSvidobian mosaxleobaze da calkeul samoqalaqo
pirebze. mebrZolma mxareebma unda icodnen rogor ganasxvavon mS-
vidobiani mosaxleoba samxedrosgan da, Tavs daesxnen mxolod samx-
edroebs.
garda amisa, mxareebma ar unda gamoiyenon mSviodobiani mo-
saxleoba TavianT samxedro miznebis misaRwevad an, Setevisas an sxva
samxedro operaciis Catarebisas, da ukandaxevisasac. amrigad, Tu is
mxare, romelic uSvebs, rom gaqceuli samxedrebi erevian gaqceul
mSvidobian mosaxleobasTan erTad, riskis qveS ayenebs mSvidobian
mosaxleobas da, arRvevs Tavisi mSvodobiani mosaxleobis dacvis
valdebulebebs.
miuxedavad imisa, rom ukandaxeulma samxedro da samoqalaqo
pirebma, romlebmac moirges samxedroebis roli, da ukan daxevisas
warmoadgenen Tavdasxmis pirdapir samiznes, Tavdamsxmeli mxare
yovelTvis valdebulia mSvidobiani mxaris danakargebi daiyvanos
minimumamde. kerZod, am mxarem unda SeaCeros Tavdasxma, Tu cxadi
xdeba rom amas SeiZleba mohyves msxverpli mSvidobian mosaxleoba-
Si, da gadaWarbebuli, mosalodneli konkretuli pirdapiri samx-
edro upiratesobac.
sofel naxiCevanikTan xalxze Tavdasxmis garemoebani, romle-
bic garbodnen xojalidan, cxadhyofen, rom SeiaraRebuli somxuri
Zalebi da dsT-s 366-e polki (romelic, cxadia, moqmedebda meTau-
103
rebis gareSe)9 ganzrax ignorirebda am Cveulebriv, kanoniT SeTanx-
mebul SezRudvas Tavdasxmis dros. mTiani yarabaRis Tanamdebobis
pirebi da samxedroebi aSkarad elodnen, rom xojalis mosaxleoba
gaiqceoda, radgan isini amtkiceben, rom qalaqis mosaxleobas hqon-
da miRebuli informacia imis Sesaxeb, rom maT dautovebdnen Ria ko-
ridors dabrkolebis gareSe.
magram yvela mowme, romlebic dakiTxa ,,helsinqi voCma“ ambobs
rom, maT am koridorze saerTod araferi ar icodnen winaswar.
miuxedavad imisa, rom mowmeebma da dazaralebulebma misces sxva
da sxva Cvenebebi naxiCevaniqTan srolis dawyebis zusti droze,
yvelam erTxmad ganacxades, rom iyo sakmaod naTeli dila imisaT-
vis, rom daenaxaT yvelaferi kargad, da Tavdamsxmelebs SeZlebo-
daT ganesxvavebinaT uiaraRo samoqalaqo pirebi SeiaraRebul an
sxva iaraRian xalxs Soris.
SemdgomSi, miuxedavad winaaRmdegobrivi Cvenebebisa, romelic
exeba imas, Tu visi mxridan mimdinareobda srolebi, cxadia rom
Tavdamsxmelebi esrodnen yvelas ganurCevlad. aseT garemoebebSi
gaqceuli adamianebis mkvleloba ar amarTlebs samxedroebs da, ar
SeiZleba iwinaswarmetyvelo didi msxverpli mSvidobian mosaxleo-
baSi.
9. 366-e polkis samxedro mosamsaxureTa raodenoba, romlebmac miiRes mo-

saxleobis masobriv mkvlelobebSi monawiloba, dRemde ucnobia. azerbai-
janis prokuraturis gamomZieblebma gaagzavnes muSa jgufi TbilisSi, sa-
dac gadayvanil iqna 366-e polki stefanakerTidan misi gayvanis Semdeg, raTa
gaegoT polkSi ramdeni samxedro mosamsaxure iqna daRupuli, daWrili an
ugzo ukvlod dakarguli, mTian yarabaRSi samxedro samsaxuris dros. aidin
rasulovis TqmiT, maRalma Tanamdebobis pirebma uari ganacxades gamomZie-
blebTan Sexvedraze im mizeziT, rom pasuxs ageben marto moskovis winaSe.
104
saerTaSoriso
gamocemebi
105
106
,,vaSington posti,, 1992, 28 Tebervali
mTiani yarabaRis msxverplni dakrZal-

ulni arian azerbaijanis qalaqSi.
ltolvilebi acxadeben, rom somxebis Tavdasxmi-
. sas moklulia asobiT adamiani
Tomas holci. ,,vaSington postis~ specialuri korespondenti
aRdami, azerbaijani, 27 seqtemberi.- am qalaqis, romelic mde-

bareobs mTiani yarabaRis meomari anklavis aRmosavleTiT, mTavari
meCeTis oficialurma warmomadgenlebma ganacxades, rom dRes maT
dakrZales 17 adamiani, romelTa cxedrebi Camoasvenes oTxSabaTs,
somxeTis boevikebis mier dapyrobili anklavis azerbaijanuli qa-
laqidan.
ltolvilebma, romleb-
mac datoves xojali, qa-
laqi 6-aTasiani mosaxleo-
biT, anklavis dedaqalaq
stefanaqerTis Crdilo-
aRmosavleTiT, acxade-
ben rom maTi darbevisas
mokluli iqna 500-mde ada-
miani, qalebis da bavSvebis
CaTvliT. daRupulTa da-
moukidebeli Tvla ar
warmoebula. aRdamis meCe-
Tis mmarTvelma imam said
sadixovma ganacxada, rom
xojalis devnilebma oTx-
SabaTs daaregistrires mis
meCeTSi daRupulTa 477
gvari.
azerbaijanis dedaqalaq
baqos oficialuri pirebi
acxadeben daRupulTa ra-
odenobas 100 kacamde, xolo
somexi oficialuri pirebi
acxadeben erevnidan, rom am
107
saerTaSoriso gamocemebi
Tavdasxmisas daiRupa sul 2 azerbaijaneli. baqoelma Cinosanma Tqva
aq, rom misi mTavroba SiSobs, rom azerbaijanelebi ajanydebian mis wi-
naaRmdeg, Tu gaigeben, ramdeni adamiani iyo mokluli.
Svidi daRupulidan, romelTa cxedrebi dRes Cven vnaxeT, iyo ori
bavSvisa da sami qalisa. erTi qali iyo mokluli mkerdSi gasroliT,
da rogorc Cans, mibjeniT. kidev 120 ltolvili gadis mkurnalobas
aRdamis saavadmyofoSi, maT Soris bevri adamiania daniT miyenebu-
li mravlobiTi WrilobiT.
somxebi, romlebic Tavs daesxnen samSabaTs RamiT xojalis , ,,is-
rodnen da isrodnen dausruleblad“ iZaxis raisa aslanova, romel-
mac miaRwia rogorRac aRdamamde oTxSabaTs RamiT. misi sityvebiT, mas
moukles qmari da siZe, xolo qaliSvili ugzo-ukvlodaa dakarguli.
somexi Cinosnebi erevanSi acxadeben, rom azerbaijaneli bo-
evikebi tankebisa da ramodenime Sveulmrenis mxardaWeriT dRes
dilas Tavs daesxnen askerans, mTiani yarabaRis SigniT myof somxe-
biT dasaxlebul qalaqs, romelic mdebareobs gzad xojalisa da
aRdams Soris.
cecxlis Sewyvetis reJimi, romelzec awarmoebda molaparake-
bebs azerbaijanSi Camosuli iranis sagareo saqmeTa ministri ali
aqbar velaiaTi, vera da ver ganaxlda. velaiaTim gadado dagegmili
viziti mTian yarabaRSi da gaemgzavra erevanSi.
1000 kacze metia daRupuli oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi am SeiaraRe-
buli winaaRmdegobisas, romelic gamowveulia somxeTis moTxovniT
gadaeces mas mTiani yarabaRis anklavi, romelic ZiriTadad dasaxle-
bulia somxebiT da, mdebareobs azerbaijanul teritoriaze da, mis
mieraa kontrolirebadi.
ltolvilTa Soris, romlebmac Tavi daaRwies devnas mTiani
yarabaRis uReltexilebis meSveobiT, iyo ori erovnebiT Turqmeni
jariskaci, yofili sabWoTa kavSiris Sinagani jarebidan. isini Tavs
afarebdnen xojalis, radgan moaxdines gaqceva TavianTi polkidan
gasul paraskevs, imis gamo rom, maTi sityvebiT somexi serJantebi maT
scemdnen imitom rom ,,muslimebi iyvnen“.
orma dezertirma ganacxada, rom maTi yofili danayofi - 366-e
polkia, da am polkis piradi Semadgenloba uWerda mxars somex mili-
cionerebs xojalis aRebis dros. isini yvebodnen, rom scades daxma-
rodnen qalebs da bavSvebs gaqcevaSi. ,,Cven migvyavda jgufi mTebis
gavliT, roca somxebma Cven aRmogvaCines da cecxli gagvixsnes, - ga-
nacxada erT-erTma dezertirma aRamexmed mutifma. -12 kaci iyo
mokluli am srolisas”.
108
,,trudi~ 1992, 28 Tebervali, #39
xojali -cecxlSia.
miuxedavad dam-
cvelTa Tavdadebu-
li cdebisa Seenar-
CunebinaT xojali,
somexma SeiaraReb-
ulma formirebebma
27 Tebervals di-
las mainc moaxerx-
es mTlianad dae-
kavebinaT qalaqi,
miecaT is cecxls
da sastikad gas-
worebodnen mis mo-
saxleobas.
bevria daRupuli da daWrili - rogorc Tavdacvis razmebSi,
aseve mSvidobian mosaxleobaSi.
qalaqis 107-ma macxovrebelma, ZiriTadad qalebma da bavSvebma,
SesZles gamoRweva alyaSemortymuli qalaqidan da hospitalizire-
bulni arian aRdamis saavadmyofoSi.
200-ze meti adamianis bedi, maT Soris ZiriTadad qalebisa, mox-
ucebisa da bavSvebisa, romlebic imalebodnen gudablinis tyeSi da,
boevikebis mier iyo alyaSemortymuli, jer-jerobiT ucnobia, iseve
rogorc araa utyuari monacemebi qalaqis 7-aTasiani mosaxleobis
bedze.
xojalis dacemiT mTian yarabaRSi darCa erTaderTi azerbaijan-
uli dasaxlebuli punqti -alyaSemortymuli SuSa, romelic uZlebs
ara nakleb gamayruebel srolebs, vidre xanqendi (stefanaqerTi).
wina dRiT gvian RamiT respublikuri televiziiT gamoacxades
moratoriumi mTian yarabaRSi cecxlis Sewyvetis Taobaze -27
Tebervlis dilis 9 saaTidan - 1 martis dilis 9 saaTamde.
aseTi SeTanxmeba iqna miRweuli mxareTa Soris iranis islamuri
respublikis sagareo saqmeTa ministris, ali aqbar velaiaTis qmede-
bebis gamo, raTa miscemoda SuamavalTa misias konfliqtis zonis
monaxulebis SesaZlebloba.
t. kasumova, baqo
109
,,le mondi,, 1992, 29 Tebervali
xojalis ltolvilebi:
,,Cven gagvwires sikvdilisaTvis!~
aRdami. azerbaijani.
,,roiteris,, specialuri korespondenti
xalxi zurgiT ezideba
daWrilebs mTaze gama-
vali bilikebiT, romelic
dafarulia Tovlis safa-
riT, aTobiT kilometrian
manZilze. dRes aRdamis
meCeTSi dasvenebulia ima-
Ti cxedrebi, vinc ver ga-
darCa. sabnebSi gaxveul
rva cxedars Soris aris
axalgazrda qalis da ori
gogonas cxedari. ,,isini
ipoves mTebSi,-ambobs ali
ragimovi,-romelmac dakarga ojaxi da gvamcno, rom mTebis mwvervalebze
kidev bevria aseTi cxedari. aRdam-baqos gzaze gaSlil banakebSi kvire-
obiT, xandaxan ki TveobiTac aTasobiT ltolvili iZulebulia icxovros,
isini gamorekes TavianTi saxlebidan yarabaRSi. xojalis dacemis Semdeg (le
mondi, 28 Tebervali) aq movida aTasobiT adamiani. mola iZaxis: 477 adamiani
ugzo ukvlod daikarga, 27 daRupuli ki daikrZala.
,,isini movidnen SuaRamisas da atexes yovelmxrivi srola,-iZaxis rena
axmedova, romelic elodeba cnobebs saavadmyosTan, raTa ar daikargos
WkuaSeSlil xalxTa masaSi. am saavadmyofoSi imyofeba cecxlsasroli da
civi iaraRiT daWrili asamde adamiani, romlebic yvirian saSineli tkivil-
isagan. isini daabinaves pirdapir sisxliT mosvril derefnebSi, sawolebi
yofnis mxolod bavSvebsa da moxucebs. muxarem Sirinovi - mkurnali eqimi
qalbatonisa, romelmac miiRo mZime Wriloba mkerdis areSi. is iZaxis, rom
araferi amaze amazrzeni ar unaxia cxovrebaSi araferi. sul axlos wevs qa-
lbatoni muclis Ria WrilobiT, xolo sawolze mis mopirdapired saSineli
wamebiT kvdeba moxuci mamakaci.
aRdamis quCebSi asobiT ltolvili cremlad iRvreba: ,,Cven daucvelni
varT, Cven gagvwires sikvdilisaTvis!“ azerbaijanis parlamentis vice-Tavm-
jdomare da saxalxo frontis erT erTi xelmZRvaneli tamerlan karaevi
ambobs: ,,Cven ramodenime dRea velodebiT Sveulmfrens baqodan, magram dax-
mareba ar modis. Rame ufro grZeli iqneba. somxebi ukve Zalian axlos arian
da, me vSiSob, rom iqneba Tavdasxma“.
Tendeba. ramodenime kilometrSi ismis srolebi.
alif kabani.
110
,,komsomolskaia pravda,, 29 Tebervali,1992, N44
366-e polki wava yarabaRidan.
qalaq xojaliSi mravaricxovani msxverplisa da mSvidobiani mo-

saxleobis daRupvasTan dakavSirebiT azerbaijanis prezidentis
brZanebulebiT dawyebuli 29 Tebervlidan respublikaSi gamocxad-
da saerTo nacionaluri glova.
c n o b i -
li gaxda 26
Tebervlis
RamiT qa-
laq xojalis
aRebis ambe-
bi. xojalis
10-aTasiani
mcxovreb-
lisgan SeZlo
mieRwia aR-
damamde mx-
olod 200-ma
adamianma. aris
aTasze meti
daxocili,
ramodenime
aTasi daW-
rili. daRu-
pulTa Soris
aris -Turqi
mesxebis 40
ojaxi.
somxuri
mxaris mona-
cemebiT ki,
xojaliSi daiRupa 60-mde azerbaijaneli. somxebis danakargebi
Seadgens 8 daRupuls da 20 dakarguls, gaavrcela es cnoba inter-
faqsma.
amierkavkasiis samxedro olqis sardlis moadgilem, general-
leitenantma sufian bepaevma saubarSi azerbaijanis mxaris warmo-
111
madgenelTan uaryo itar-tasis cnoba, azerbaijanidan samxedro
mosamsaxureTa ojaxebis dawyebul evakuaciaze.
somxuri mxaris cnobiT, xojaliSi maT xelT igdes danadgari
,,gradi” Tavisi sabrZolo maragiT.
,, kp,,-s dosiedan
danadgari БМ-21 (,,gradi”) miRebulia yofili sabWoTa kavSiris

SeiaraRebuli Zalebis SeiaraRebaze 1973 wels. magram misi pirveli
sabrZolo gamoyeneba Sedga oTxi wliT adre - sabWoTa kavSir-Ci-
neTis sasazRvro konfliqtis dros.
axali iaraRis ramdenime zalpis Semdeg damanskis naxevarkunZu-
lis naxevari CaiZira wyalSi.
БМ-21-s saartilerio nawili Sedgeba ormoci 122,4 milimetriani
3-metriani lulisgan. БМ-21-dan Znelia moaxvedro ,,calke mdgom
saxls”.
БМ-21-is gamoyeneba nebadarTulia saerTaSoriso konvenciebiT:
Wurvi namsxvrev-fugasuria. danadgari gamoyenebul iqna sabWoTa
kavSiris mier avRaneTSi.
interfaqsma gadmosca agreTve, rom marSalma evgeni SapoSnikov-
ma gamosca brZanebuleba mTiani yarabaRidan, q.stefanaqerTSi dis-
locirebuli 366-e polkis gayvanis Sesaxeb.
somxeTis Tavdacvis saministros mimarTva
somxeTis Tavdacvis saministrom mimarTa somexi erovnebis gen-

erlebs da oficrebs, romlebic msaxuroben dsT-s jarebSi TxovniT,
dabrundnen somxeTSi, raTa Seavson momavali erovnuli armiiis
rigebi.
bolo dros, rogorc Tvlian erevanSi, somxeTis sazRvarze ak-
virdebian azerbaijanis erovnuli armiis Zalebis did Semadgenlo-
bas. usafrTxoebis erTaderT garantiad aseT pirobebSi SeiZleba
gaxdes regularuli, kargad ganswavluli somxeTis armia.
112
,,Taimsi~ 1992, 1 marti
somexma jariskacebma gaanadgures asobiT
ltolvilTa ojaxebi.
Tomas holci gadmoscems aRdamidan (azerbaijani).
mzardma Zaladobam,
romliTac moculni arian
centridan daSorebulni
sabWoTa kavSiris yofili
respublikebi, guSin miiRo
axali impulsi mas Semdeg,
rac omis gruxunSi gax-
veul mTian yarabaRSi aso-
biT qalTa da bavSvTa civ-
sisxliani mkvlelobebi
moxda.
gadarCenilTa monayo-
liT, somexma boevikebma
daxvrites da xiStebiT
Caxoces 450-ze meti azer-
baijaneli, maT Soris iyo
mravali qali da bavSvi,
romlebic gaiqcnen Ta-
vianTi qalaqidan mas Sem-
deg, rac maT Tavs daesxnen
somxebi. asobiT, SesaZle-
belia kidev aTasobiT ada-
miania ugzo-ukvlod dakarguli da, ro-
gorc varaudoben maTi axloblebi, iyvnen moklulni kidec.
gadarCenilebi ki, agrZeleben moZraobas azerbaijanis qalaq
aRdamisaken, Zlier yinvaSi da TovliT dafaruli mTiani uReltex-
ilebiT. gvacnobes rom sisxlisRvra daiwyo oTxSi dilas, roca 1500
adamiani moxvda xafangSi da mohyva somex boevikTa alyaSi.
Tavdamsxmelebma mokles lamis yvela azerbaijaneli jariska-
ci da molaSqre, romlebic icavdnen qalebs da bavSvebs. Semdeg ki
miuSvires TavianTi iaraRi SeSinebul ltolvilebs. zogierTi vinc
gadarCa cocxali, mogvianebiT yveboda, rac moxda:
,,es iyo namdvili sisxlis kalo,- mohyva azer hajievma, samidan
erT erTma gadarCenilma jariskacma,- somxebi uTavbolod isrod-
113
nen. Semdeg movidnen da daiwyes xiStebiT da danebiT xalxis xocva”
,,isini sul isrodnen“ -imeorebs mis sityvebs raisa aslanova, ro-
melic moxvda aRdamSi sxva qalebTan da bavSvebTan erTad, romle-
bic somxuri poziciebiT gamovidnen samSvidoboze. man Tqva, rom
misi qmari da siZe iyvnen moklulni mis Tvalwin.
45 wlis mamakaci, romelic daWrilia zurgSi, yveba: -Cven miv-
diodiT buCqnarebiT. Semdeg maT gaxsnes cecxli, Cems gverdiT var-
deboda da vardeboda xalxi. davarda Cemi colic, Semdeg Cemi bavS-
vic“.
Sveulmfrenebsac mouwiaT SeewyvitaT gadarCenilebis gamoyva-
na, radgan maTac gauxsnes uwyveti cecxli. isini dabrundnen da au-
wyes, rom ,,mTebi mofenilia gvamebiTo”. sxvebi yvebian saSinel su-
raTebze, Tu rogor epyrobodnen mkvlelebi gvamebs, bevr daWrils
esrodnen fexebSi da muclis qveda areSi.
azerbaijanis teritoriaze, mTiani yarabaRis anklavSi, sadac
ZiriTadad somxuri mosaxleoba Warbobs, mZime Setakebebi SeiZleba
mTlianad gamovides kontrolidan. miuxedavad imisa, rom samoqa-
laqo omis dawyebis momentidan oTxi wlis manZilze daiRupa 1000
adamianze meti, aseTma masobrivma mkvlelobebma savsebiT SesaZle-
belia gaxados farTo masStabiani omis warmoebac.
azerbaijaneli ltolvilebi mxecurad mokles

(gagrZeleba)
gadarCenilTa monayoliT, ugzo ukvlod daikarga 2000 adami-
ani, nawili ki
gaiqca sxva gziT.
bevrs SeeZlo da-
Rupuliyo gzaSi
Wrilobebisgan
an sicivisgan.
zogierTma maT-
ganma miaRwia aR-
damamde. isini
iZaxodnen, rom
Zalian bevri cxe-
dari darCa maTi
darbevis adgi-
las.
tragedia dai-
114
wyo somxebis TavdasxmebiT oTxSabaTs qalaq xojalize. ,,yvelaferi
daiwyo daaxloebiT saRamos aT saaTze, - yveba baxram negmatali, -
romelmac gaiqca jaridan da imaleboda xajaliSi.- maT xelT igdes
aeroporti, Semdeg aiRes qalaqi. Cven vecadeT davxmarebodiT qa-
lebs da bavSvebs, raTa gamogveyvana isini samSvidoboze. me vnaxe, ro-
gor mokles 12 adamiani Cveni jgufidan. me ar vici, ramdeni mokles
kidev”.
miaxloebuli cifrebiT, mokluli iqna 500 adamiani da, ai maSin
adgilobrivi miliciis maiorma alif hajievma moaxdina somxuri
poziciebis organizebuli garRveva, raTa gamoeyvana mSvidobiani
mosaxleoba aRdamTan 10-kilometriani askeranis xeobiT.
hajievma Seagrova 33 milicioneri, aeroportis usafrTxoebis 30
TanamSromeli da molaSqreebi, da Seqmna nakrebi sabrZolo razmi.
,,maiorma sTxova bavSvian qalebs da sxva mSvidobian mosaxleobas
xeobis fskeriT evloT, Cven ki movrbodiT mTebze gamavali bi-
likebiT da zurgs umagrebdiT maT~ -yveba erT-erTi gadarCenili
asif usubovi. `gamTeniisas, roca Cven mivediT xeobis Sua welamde,
somxebma cecxli gaxsnes mTebidan. maiori iqna mokluli TavSi
gasroliT~. usubovi yveba, rom 30 jariskaci da aeroportis us-
afrTxoebis 19 TanamSromeli iqna mokluli adgilzeve da, darCa mx-
olod qalTa da bavSvTa daucveli kolona. maSin xeobaSi Secvivdnen
somexi bievikebi da daiwyes ganurCevlad yvelas kvla xiStebiT.
guSin saRamos aRdamis morgSi iyo daregistrirebuli 479
sikvdilianoba, xolo 29 gardacvlili iqna dakrZaluli sasa-
flaoze. me vnaxe Svidi gvami, romelnic elodnen dakrZalvas. maT
Soris iyo ori bavSvi da sami qali.
aRdamis saavadmyofo gamoiyureba, rogorc sisxliani kalos ad-
gili. eqimTa sityvebiT, maT 140 pacienti hyavT, romlebic gadau-
rCnen xocva-Jletvas. maT umetesobas daniT miyenebuli Wrilobebi
aqvT.
magram aRdamSic ar arian mTlad usafrTxod. paraskevs saRa-
mos qalaqze ganxorcielda saraketo Seteva, daingra ramodenime
Senoba, 15 adamiani ki daiRupa. ltolvilTa nakadi daiZra baqosken.
,,somxebi ar gaCerdebian, sanam ar mivlen baqoSi, - sTqva erTma Cino-
sanma qalaqis datovebisas,- ai maSin daiwyeba namdvili omi!~
115
,,Taimsi” 1992, 2 marti
yarabaRis mTebi gvamebiTaa mofenili
anatoli liveni mohyva srolaSi roca gamofrinda

azerbaijanis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis warmomadgenlebTan
erTad, raTa gamoeZia somxeTis jarebis mier ltolvilTa
masobrivi mkvlelobebi.
roca Cven daveSviT mTiani yarabaRis TovliT dafarul mTebze, mrav-

lad davinaxeT mofenili gvamebi. rogorc Cans ltolvilebi mokles
gaqcevisas. filmSi, romelic gadaiRes azerbaijanelebma im adgilebSi,
sadac Cven mivfrinavdiT da mogvianebiT aCvenes Jurnalistebs, Sei-
Zleba naxva aTobiT gvamisa, romlebiTac mofenilia mTiani yarabaRis
uReltexilebi mraval adgilas.
azerbaijanelebi acxadeben, rom masobrivi mkvlelobebis dros
daiRupa ara nakleb 1000 azerbaijaneli ltolvili xojalidan, ro-
melic daikaves somxebma gasul kviras. varaudoben rom danarCeni
4000 adamiani daWrilia an gardacvlilia moyinulobisagan an dai-
karga ugzo ukvlod. somxeTi am braldebebs uaryofs.
М-24 sacecxle mxardaWeris azerbaijanis Sveulmfrenis kabi-
naSi Cven Svidni visxediT da mivfrinavdiT masobrivi mkvlelobebis
adgilze. uecrad Cven vigrZeniT mZime dartyma Sveulmfrenis qveda
nawilSi da, trasirebuli Wurvis wiTelma zolma gaielva marjvena
bortTan. Sveulmfrenma daiwyo Zlieri qanva. Cven movtrialdiT da
gaisma saborto iaraRis gasrolis gamayruebeli guguni, maSin roca
Sveulmfrenis ekipaJma daiwyo srolebis mogerieba. Cvens misamar-
TiT warmoebda srola somxeTis haersawinaRo postidan. Cven isev
movtrialdiT, gadavweqiT marjvena bortze da, rogorc mogveCve-
na amovyaviT Tavi pirdapir velze. yavisferi miwa trialebda Cvens
garSemo, Sveulmfreni kvlav datrialda da afrinda haerSi. Cveni
iaraRi gamudmebiT isroda.
mogvianebiT gairkva rom, samoqalaqo Sveulmfreni, romelsac
Cven vaxldiT, mSvidobianad daeSva mTiani yarabaRis sadao ankla-
vis aRmosavleTiT naxiWevanikTan, raTa moekrifa daRupulTa gv-
amebi. Cven ki, rogorc SemdgomSi gairkva, gvesrodnen miwidan da
somxebis Sveulmfrenidan. me periodulad vxedavdi am Sveulmfrens
iluminatoridan, misi saborto iaraRebi isrodnen, magram me megona
rom es ,, Cvenebi“ arian. Cven gavfrindiT daRupulTa saZieblad da
Cveni frena gadaiqca namdvil sabrZolo operaciad.Cveni reisi Sedge-
116
boda samoqalaqo samgzavro Sveulmfrenisa da М-24
sacecxle mxardaWeris 2 sabWoTa Sveulmfrenisagan,
romelic iricxeboda azerbaijanis SeiaraRebaze.
maT eZaxdnen ,,mfrinav niangebs,, (javSnis gamo). Cve-
ni jgufi mifrinavda meore ,,niangze“. samoqalaqo
Sveulmfrenis amocana iyo - daSvebuliyo mTebSi da
moegrovebina gvamebi. sacecxle mxardaWeris Sveul-
mfrenebs aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi unda daecvaT
isini Tavisi cecxliT.
am operaciam cxadhyo sabWoTa SeiaraRebuli Za-
lebis ngrevis demonstrireba, radgan Cveni piloti
iyo ruseTis oficeri. azerbaijanelma Cinosanma
mogviyva Cven, rom exla azerbaijanis mxareze ibrZ-
vis xuTi yofili sabWoTa oficeri. ,,maT moaweres
CvenTan kontraqtze xeli“ -Tqva man. ufro swored ki,
im Sveulmfrens, romelTanac Cven CavebiT brZolaSi,
marTavda rusi piloti, Cveni pilotis kolega.
Cven gamovfrindiT aRdamis aerodromidan SabaTs
saRamos xuTi saaTisken da, gavemarTeT somxeTis mier
kontrolirebad yarabaRis mTebSi, romlebic Sori-
dan moCanda, rogorc dakiduli TeTri kedeli.samoqa-
laqo Sveulmfrenma wamoiRo oTxi gvami da, swored am
da Semdgomi reisebisas azerbaijanelma operatorma
gadaiRo ramodenime aTeuli gvami, romelnic mimo-
fantuli iyo mTebze. Semdeg Cven isev swrafad avfrin-
diT da gavemarTeT azerbaijanelebis poziciebisaken.
azerbaijaneli artileristebi yvelaze usafrTxo
adgilidan gviyurebdnen Cven qvemodan, roca Cven maT
zemodan gadaufrineT.
roca davbrundiT aRdamis aerodromze, TvaliT
SevavleT gvamebs, romlebic Camoasvena samoqalaqo
Sveulmfrenma. iq iyo ori moxuci mamakaci da pata-
ra gogona, sul gasvrili sisxliT. maTi gvamebi iyo
mTlianad gayinuli. isini daxvrites.
ras fiqrobda Cveni rusi mfrinavi am tragedi-
aze, im saSiSroebaze, romelsac bewvze gadaurCa da
am omze mTian yarabaRSi? man mxiarulad gagviRima
da kulturulad uari ganacxada am kiTxvaze pasuxis
gacemas da... wavida savaxSmod.
117
,,komsomolskaia pravda,, 1992, 29 Tebervali, gv.3
xojali: is Rame ar mTavrdeba.

es suraTebi Cven gadmogvca ,,xaber-servisis,,
fotokorespondentma oleg aleqsandres-Ze litvinma.
man gadaiRo es fotoebi xojalis tragediis dReebSi.
pirvel suraTze - maiori arif hajievia,
romelmac iTava qalaqis dacva. am fotoze is jer
kidev cocxalia. is daiRupa, roca gamohyavda qa-
laqidan adamianTa jgufi, uwyveti cecxlis qveS
myofs. mas darCa belarusi meuRle da ori bavSvi.
am Zmeb-biWunebs, SeiZleba iTqvas bedma gauRima:
cocxlebi arian da imyofebian aRdamis saavadmyofoSi,
orive Zmas erTnairi cecxlasroli iaraRiT miyenebu-
li Wrilobebi aqvT, erTs - xelSi, meores - mkerdSi.
... da saflavebi. isini aq sul ufro bevria. magram im saSineli Ramis yvela msx-
verpli araa datirebuli da dakrZaluli. gvamebis gamotana Zneldeba srolebis
zonidan. baqoSi Sedga samoqalaqo panaSvidebi meCeTebSi, agreTve marTlmadide-
blur eklesiaSi da sinagogaSi, xojaliSi daRupulTa xsovnis misagebad.
azerbaijanis respublikis prezidentis pres-samsaxuris ukanaskneli
cnobebiT, somexi SeiaraRebuli formirebebis mier Catarebuli operaciis
Sedegad qalaq xojaliSi tyved iyo ayvanili 300 mZevali. 500-dan 1000-mde
mSvidobiani mosaxle, romelic cdilobda gamoeRwia xojalidan, iyo Sepy-
robili aRdamis gzaze da, nawilobriv daxocili. aRgdamisken miemarTeian
ltolvilTa mcire jgufebi. sabrZolo moqmedebaTa zonidan gamohyavT
daWrilebi da daxocilebi. amis miuxedavad yarabaRSi grZeldeba azerbai-
janis dasaxlebuli punqtebis -laCinisa da SuSas misamarTiT gaZliere-
buli saraketo-saartilerio zalpebi. kavSiri maTTan ar aris.
prezidentis pres-mdivnis r. agaevis mier mowodebuli informaciiT,
somxeT-azerbaijanis sazRvris 120-kilometriani monakveTis gaswvriv,
somxeTis mxridan SeiniSneba somxuri SeiaraRebuli formirebebis mraval-
ricxovani dajgufebebi, romlebic SeiaraRebulni arian javSanteqnikiT.
o.texmenevi.
azerbaijanis damoukidebel JurnalistTa komiteti da respublikaSi
akreditebuli masobrivi informaciis sazRvargareTis saSualebebi xo-
jaliSi movlenaTa obieqturi gaSuqebisaTvis iwvevs kolega-Jurnalistebs
azerbaijanSi, raTa TviTon SeZlon naxon yovelive da gaakeTon daskvnebi.
telefonebi kavSirisTvis: 95-85-37; 93-64-94; faqsi: 94-89-53; 93-73-40
komiteti mzadaa gauwios organizaciuli mxardaWera da aiRos Tavis
Tavze yvela samivlinebo xarjebi.
118
,,airiS Taimsi“ 1992, 3 marti
mTian yarabaRSi masobrivi mkvlelobebis

adgilas yvelgan mimofantulia gvamebi.
stefani bentura, aRdami, azerbaijani
somxebis mier xojal-

ize Setevis dros, daRupul
azerbaijanelTa gayinuli
da dasaxiCrebuli gvamebi,
ukve mTeli kviraa mimofan-
tulia daTovlil mTebze.
Jurnalistebma, romle-
bic Camofrindnen samxedro
SveulmfreniT aRdamidan,
romelic mdebareobs sadao
anklavis aRmosavleTiT,
daTvales 31 gvami. bevri maT-
gani daxocilia gasroliT
TavSi mibjniT, da skalpire-
bulia.
zogierT mamakacs, qals
da bavSvs moWrilia aqvs
TiTebi. moxaliseebma moagroves kidev 20 gvami da miasvene-
ben maT aRdamSi, sadac xalxi SeZlebs maT naxvas adgilobriv
meCeTSi. Jurnalistebma aRmoaCines gvamebi sofel askera-
nis zemoT, mTebSi. amasobaSi azerbaijanis xelisufleba da
ltolvilebi acxadeben somexi boevikebis mier 1000 adamianis
mkvlelobas azerbaijanis qalaq xojalize Tavdasxmis dros.
im dros, roca daiwyes yofili sabWoTa jariskacebis
gayvana anklavidan, somxeTi isev uaryofs imas, rom misma
bievikebma mokles mamakacebi, qalebi da bavSvebi, romlebic
cdilobdnen Tavi daeRwiaT sisxlisRvrisTvis TovliT da-
faruli mTiani uReltexilebebis saSualebiT. magram aTobiT
gvami, romelic mimofantulia mTiani yarabaRis masobrivi
mkvlelobebis adgilas, cxadyofen da adasturebs azerbai-
janelTa cnobebs xocva Jletis Sesaxeb.
Tavdasxma ltolvilebze moxda, roca isini garbodnen
sofel xojalidan (misi mosaxleoba Seadgenda daaxloebiT
119
3000 adamians), mTiani yarabaRis dedaqalaqis, stefanakerTis
mTavar aeroportze dawyebuli Sturmisas, romelic ganla-
gebulia iqve - xojaliSi.
erTi qalbatonis gvamma, naxevrad Ria TvalebiT, romelsac
gulSi hyavda Cakruli patara bavSvi, azerbaijaneli mili-
cionerebic ki aatira, romlebic Tan dahyvebodnen Jurnali-
stebs da imyofebodnen am teritoriaze 15 wuTi.
uamrav ltolvils droc ki ar hqonda, rom CaecvaT tan-
ze, roca garbodnen RamiT xojalidan. bevr gvams hqondaT
gaSlili xelebi orive mxares, ise viTom isini cdilobdnen
Cabarebas.
azerbaijaneli pilotis sityvebiT, ramodenime aTeuli
gvami kidev imyofeba axlomdebare tyeSi, magram isini jer
isev axlos arian somxur poziciebTan mTiani yarabaRis
,,frontis xazTan“ rom SesaZlebeli iyos maTi naxva.
oci gvami, romlebic aRmoaCines moxaliseebma, mogrovil-
ia erTad. maTi Sekreba erTad moxerxda somex boevikebTan
xanmokle dazavebis dros, isini imyofebian ramodenime aseul
metrSi Cvengan.
120
,,niu-iorq Taimsi,, 1992, 3 marti
somxebma moawyves xocva Jleta
aRdami, azerbaijani,
2 marti (roiteri) dRes
gamoCnda axali mtkiceb-
ulebani mTian yarabaRSi
azerbaijanis somxur an-
klavSi, somexi boevikebis
mier mSvidobiani mosaxle-
obis masobrivi mkvlelo-
bebis Sesaxeb.
azerbaijanis sainfor-
macio saagento ,,azerin-
formi“ iuwyeba rom, kvi-
ras saRamos somxebma isev
ganaxorcieles azerbai-
janelebiT dasaxlebul
qalaq SuSaze saraketo
dartymebi. ramodenime adamiani daiWra dRes diliT adre sofel
venjalize Tavdasxmisas.
somxeTis respublika isev da isev uaryofs, rom gasul kviras
misma boevikebma mokles 1000 adamiani azerbaijanis dasaxlebul
punqt xojaliSi, sadac sastikad gauswordnen mamakacebs, qalebsa
da bavSvebs, romlebic cdilobnen Tavi daeRwiaT sisxlisRvrisTvis
TovliT dafaruli mTiani uReltexilebis meSveobiT.
magram aTobiT gvami, romelic mimofantulia masobrivi mkvl-
elobebis adgilebSi, TvalnaTliv cxadhyofs azerbaijanelebis
cnobebs xocva Jletaze.
cnobebi skalpirebis SemTxvevebze
azerbaijanis oficialurma pirebma da Jurnalistebma, romle-

bic cota xnis win Cafrindnen SveulmfreniT am raionSi, Camoasvenes
sami mokluli bavSvis gvami, romlebic moklulni arian kiserSi gas-
roliT. somxebi isrodnen da amitom ver moxerxda sxva gvamebis wa-
moReba, - Tqves maT.
,,qalebs da bavSvebs ukeTebdnen skalpirebas,- laparakobs asad
121
farajevi,- mTiani yarabaRis azerbaijaneli xelmZRvanelis TanaS-
emwe, roca Cven daviwyeT gvamebis Segroveba maT cecxli gagvixsnes
Cven“.
raSid mamedovi, aRdamis miliciis ufrosi. man moyva: ,,gvamebi mi-
mofantulia iq, rogorc cxvrebis fara. faSistebic ki ar iqceodnen
albaT ase,“
saagento ,,roiteris“ fotografma frederika lengeinma naxa
isini aRdamTan, mTiani yarabaRis sazRvarze,- ori satvirTo manqana
azerbaijanelebis gvamebiT.
,,pirvel manqanaSi davTvale 35, xolo meoreSi, savaraudoT iyo
daaxloebiT amdenive,- Tqva man. zogierTebs moWrili hqondaT Tave-
bi, bevri iyo damwvari. es iyo mamakacTa gvamebi, da mxolod ramoden-
ime maTgans ecvaT xakis feris forma“
Setakebebi erovnul niadagze da ekonomikuri krizisi safrTxes
uqmnis dsT-s dangrevas, romelic Seiqmna sabWoTa kavSiris 11 yofili
respublikebis mier 1991 wlis dekemberSi. Tanamegobroba uZluria
erovnebaTaSoriso SuRlis winaSe, romelic gaRvivda qristianul
somxeTsa da muslimuri azerbaijanis Zveli konfliqtis niadagze.
ruseTis sainformacio saagento itar-tasma gamoacxada rom,
daiwyo 366-e motorizebuli qveiTi polkis gayvana, am ukanaskneli
buferisa, romelic gamyof xazad iqca or mebrZol eTnikur jgufebs
Soris. rogorc gadmoscems saagento, arc erT mxares ar ucdia jar-
ebis gayvanas xelis SeSla.
oTxwliani samxedro moqmedebebis dros mTian yarabaRSi daiRu-
pa 1500-dan 2000-mde adamiani. gasul kviras warmoebuli brZolebi
ki iyo yvelaze sisxlismRvreli.
gasuli Tvis bolos 366-e polki, romelic bazirebs stefanaqerT-
Si - mTiani yarabaRis dedaqalaqSi, mohyva brZolebis SuagulSi,
romelSic daiRupa ara umetes sami maTi samxedro mosamsaxure.
122
,,Taimsi” 1992, 3 marti
sabWoTa kavSiris daSliT eTnikuri SuRli gadadis Ria
konfliqtSi yofil ganapira regionebSi
sisxliani kalos adgili yarabaRSi

moniSnulia gvamebiT.
anatoli ligeni gadmoscems aRdamidan.
azerbaijanel ltolvilTa cxedrebi, romlebic moklulni iqnen

sisxliani xocva Jletisas gasul oTxSabaTs somexi boevikebis mier,
mimofantulia patara mdeloze, romelic dafarulia xmeli balax-
iT da buCqnariT, mTis piras.
am mTidan kargad Cans somxebis mier kontrolirebadi askerani
da, qalaq aRdamis ganapira adgilebi, iq sadac azerbaijanelTa Za-
lebis Stabi imyofeba. daRupulebma TiTqmis miaRwies TavisianTa
Tavdacvis xazamde.
guSin SuadRisas Cven CavfrindiT im adgilas SveulmfreniT
im dros, rodesac daiwyo dsT-s ukanaskneli jarebis gayvana. isi-
ni midian da ar uqmnian mebrZol mxareebs aranair dabrkolebebs.
stefanakerTSi am RonisZiebaze Camovida generali boris gromovi,
romelic xelmZRvanelobda sabWoTa jarebis gamoyvanas avRaneTi-
dan.
gamocxadda patara SeTanxmeba da azerbaijanelebs SeuZliaT Ta-
vianTi gardacvlilebis da ltolvilebis gamoyvana, Tu isini kvlav
imalebian axlomdebare mTebSi da tyeebSi. magram miuxedavad amisa,
sacecxle mxardaWeris ori Sveulmfreni gamudmebiT trialebda
123
Cvens Tavze da akvirdeboda somxeTis uaxloes poziciebs.
sul im adgilas Cven davTvaleT 31 gvami. aranakleb 31 gvamisa
iyo Camosvenebuli aRdamSi ukanaskneli xuTi dRis manZilze. am
ricxvSi ar Sedian mSvidobiani mosaxleebi, romlebic rogorc iuw-
yebian, daiRupnen somxebis mier azerbaijanis qalaq xojalize ganx-
orcielebuli Sturmis dros samSabaTs RamiT. aq agreTve ar Sedis
is gvamebi, romlebic araa jer napovni.
zaxid jabarovi, romelic gadaurCa am sisxlis Rvras yveba, ra
naxa man im adgilas, sadac Cven vimyofebodiT da rogor daxoces 200-
mde adamiani. ltolvilebi ki, romelnic movidnen aqamde sxva da sxva
gzebiT, yvebodnen rom maT gamudmebiT esrodnen da maTi moZraobi-
sas gzaze darCa bevri mokluli. Cven vxedavdiT moklulTa irgvliv
mimofantul pirad nivTebs, tansacmels da sabuTebs. TviTon gvamebi
kargad Semoinaxa am susxian yinvaSi. am yinvebma mouRes rogorc Cans
bolo gadarCenilebs, romlebic Tavs afarebdnen mTebsa da tyeebs,
xocva Jletis Semdeg. eseni iyvnen ubralo mSromeli adamianebi. maT
tanze ecvaT ubralo, Raribuli tansacmeli.
31 gvamidan, romlebic Cven vnaxeT, erTi iyo milicioneri da ori
molaSqris formaSi. yvela sxva ki iyo mSvidobiani mosaxle, 8 qalba-
toni da 3 patara bavSvi. ori jgufi, savaraudod iyo mTliani ojaxi,
romlebic daecnen gverdi gverdiT. qalebs xelSi ekavaT bavSvebi.
ramodenime maTgans, patara gogonas CaTvliT, hqondaT saSineli
Wrilobebi Tavze, gogonas SerCenili hqonda mxolod saxe. gadarCe-
nilebi yvebodnen imas rac naxes, rogor xvretdnen maT somxebi mib-
jniT, roca isini iwvnen miwaze.
124
,,gardiani” 1992, 3 marti
jari tovebs yarabaRs gasaglejad
gvamebi adastureben masobriv xocva Jletas, romelic gaaCaRes
somxebma, iuwyeba karl uoldroni stepanakerTidan da braian
kileni ,,roiteris“ saagento, aRdamidan (azerbaijani)
dsT-s ukanasknelma jariskacebma datoves mTiani yarabaRis kavka-

siuri anklavi gasul Rames, roca gamoCnda axali mtkicebulebebi imisa,
rom somexma boevikebma moawyves sisxliano xocva Jleta da amoxoces
mSvodobiani mosaxleoba.
ruseTis sainformacio saagento itar-tasma gaavrcela gancxadeba,
rom daiwyo yofili sabWoTa armiis 366-e motomsroleli polkis gay-
vana, da amiT ispoboda bolo buferi, romelic yofda erTmaneTisagan
meomar somxebs da azerbaijanelebs. polkma daiwyo stefanakerTis - an-
klavis dedaqalaqis datoveba general boris gromovis sardlobiT (im
gromovisa, romelic sardlobda sabWoTa jarebis gamoyvanas avRaneTi-
dan). ,,samxedro teqnikis da piradi Semadgenlobis kolonebi gamogvyavs
sabrZolo mxardaWeris yvela saxeobebiT. mTian yarabaRSi erTmaneTs
mebrZoli mxareebi ar uSlian xels maT gadaadgileba“ ,-axdens itar-ta-
sis citirebas amierkavkasiis samxedro olqis Stabi.
jarebis gayvanamde dsT-s jariskacebi da medesanteebi SeiaraReb-
ulebi da ganlagebulebi iyvnen mTel qalaqSi gamagerbul poziciebze
da dangreuli saxlebis nangrevebze. maTi tankebi ki ganlagebulni
iyvnen qalaqis mTels perimetrze da mis centralur moedanze, xolo
maTi koSkura iaraRebi iyo mitrialebuli qalaqis sazRvrebisaken us-
afrTxoebis mizniT.
somxeTma guSin sTxova gaerTianebuli erebis organizacias, raTa is
Caerios ,,momdevno tragediaSi,, da agrZelebs utifrad imis uaryofas,
rom gasul kviras misma boevikebma mokles 1000 adamiani azerbaijanelTa
qalaq xojaliSi da, mxecurad gauswordnen mamakacebs, qalebs da bavS-
vebs, romlebic cdilobdnen Tavis daRwevas sisxlisRvrisgan TovliT
125
dafaruli mTebiTa da uReltexilebiT.
magram uamravi gvami amyarebs cnobebs am tragediaze, romelic mo-
dis azerbaijanidan. azerbaijanis oficialuri pirebi da Jurnali-
stebi, romlebic cota xniT mainc Cafrindnen am raionSi SveulmfreniT,
Camoasvenes sami mokluli bavSvis gvami, romlebsac kefa hqondaT gax-
vretili, isini iZaxian rom maT somxebi esrodnen da amitom ver moaxerx-
es sxva gvamebis wamoReba.
_ ,,qalebs da bavSvebs ukeTebdnen skalpirebas, - laparakobs asad
farajevi,- mTiani yarabaRis azerbaijaneli xelmZRvanelis TanaSemwe.
raSid mamedovi, aRdamis miliciis ufrosi, romelic imyofeboda
mTiani yarabaRis sazRvarTan, yveba:
_ „roca Cven daviwyeT gvamebis mogroveba, maT (somxebma) cecxli
gagvixsnes, gvamebi mimofantulia iq, rogorc cxvrebis fara. faSistebic
ki ar iqceodnen albaT ase“.
sagento ,,roiteris“ saagentos fotografma frederika lengeinma
naxa isini aRdamTan, mTiani yarabaRis sazRvarze,- ori satvirTo manqana
azerbaijanelebis gvamebiT.
,,pirvel manqanaSi davTvale 35, xolo meoreSi, savaraudoT iyo daax-
loebiT amdenive,- Tqva man. zogierTebs moWrili hqondaT Tavebi, bevri
iyo damwvari. es iyo mamakacTa gvamebi, da mxolod ramodenime maTgans ec-
vaT xakis feris forma“ - hyveboda is.
damoukidebelma damkvirveblebma iqve naxes da gadaiRes video da do-
kumentirebuli damowmebebi am barbarosuli mkvlelobebisa. guSin saRa-
mos aseve gamocxadebuli iyo, rom azerbaijanis qalaq SuSaSi aTobiT ada-
miani daiRupa somxebis mxridan saartilerio srolebis Sedegad. aseTi
moqmedebebi arafers kargs ar uqadis somxebs stefanaqeTSi da saerTod
azerbaijanSi - rameTu SesaZlebelia moxdes SurisZiebis faqtebi.
mTian yarabaRSi samxedro moqmedebebis oTxi wlis manZilze daiRupa
1500-dan 2000-mde adamiani. gasuli kviris brZolebi ki iyo yvelze sisx-
lismRvreli.
dsT-s samxedro sardlobis warmomadgenelma general-leitenantma
sufian bepaevma ganucxada ruseTis televizisa rom misi jariskacebi aR-
mofxvraven nebismier moqmedebebs orive mxridan, raTa maT ar SeuSalon
jarebis gayvanas.
somxeTis prezidentma levon ter-petrosianma gaakritika jarebis
gayvana.
-es polki, marTalia ar monawileobda saxedro moqmedebebSi, magram
iyo stabilizaciis faqtori. me vfiqrob, rom es zoma naadrevadaa mo-
fiqrebuli, ganacxada man parlamentis sxdomaze, - am polkis gayvanam
SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios momavali destabilizacia mTian yarabaRSi.
126
izvestia, 1992, 4 marti, №53
baqo acxadebs xojalis tragediaze

erevani Tvlis qalaqis Sturms samxedro
warmatebad
vasif samedovi, sergei taranovi, ,,izvestia“
3 marts ,,izvestiam“ mi-

iRo azerbaijaneli mwerlebis
mimarTva yofili sabWoTa ka-
vSiris TavianT kolegebTan,
romelic eZRvneboda axlaxans
(26 Tebervals) mTian yarabaRSi
somxebis mier qalaq xojalis
Sturmsa da dakavebas.
`..ganadgurebulia mTeli
qalaqi 10 aTasiani macxovre-
blebiT, - laparakia am sabuTSi.
- daiRupa aTasobiT adamiani,
aTasobiTaa daWrili, an darC-
nen invalidebad mTeli sicocx-
lis manZilze, an daikargnen ugzo ukvlod, iqcnen ltolvilebad,
aRar aqvT saxl-kari... Tu somexi boevikebis mier azerbaijaneli
soflebis gadawva analogiaSi gadis lidicesTan, xatinTan, da song-
misTan, maSin xojalis tragedia CvenTvis ufro axlos dgas xirosi-
mas tragediasTan. diax, 7-milioniani azerbaijanisTvis 10-aTasiani
qalaqis ganadgureba-iseTive Rrma Wrilobaa, rogorc mravalmil-
ioniani iaponiisaTvis 200-aTasiani xirosimas daRupva. RmerTma ar
qnas Tqven odesme gqondeT Tqveni ,,xojali“.
aseTi gancxadeba, rogori emociuri da ,,araobieqturic“ ar
unda iyos, ar SeiZleba darCes yuradRebis gareSe da gamoukvlevi.
Tu marTla aRigava pirisagan miwisa mTeli qalaqi Tavisi macxovre-
blebiT, maSin mTian yarabaRSi Sobili erovnebaTSorisi konfliqti
gadaizarda yvelaze saSinel stadiaSi - erTi meoris gamanadgureb-
el omSi.
maS ra moxda xojaliSi 26 Tebervals?
aqve vTqvaT: dRes Znelia ipovo zusti, absoluturad gadamow-
mebuli informacia yarabaRis movlenebze. yoveli meomari mxare
awvdis Tavis versias, orives Tavisi ,,utyuari“ argumenti moaqvs.
127
aRaraa sakavSiro centri, romelsac eyoleboda brZolis velze Ta-
visi warmomadgeneli. SeiZleba ki bolomde endo dsT-s SeiaraRebu-
li Zalebis sardlobis Sefasebebs bolomde, radgan maT abraleben
stefanaqerTSi (xanqendi) jerjerobiT dislocirebul 366-e pol-
kis gamoyenebas. da mainc ...
yveba zaur rusTam-zade, azerbaijanis respublikis srulu-
flebiani warmomadgeneli q. moskovSi:
- winaswari monacemebiT, xojaliSi daiRupa aTasamde da ugzo
ukvlod daikarga lamis aTas xuTasi adamiani - ZiriTadad qalaqis
mSvidobiani mosaxleoba. Cveni yvelaze didi ubedureba imaSia, rom
dRes aravis ar SeuZlia daTvalos an patiosnad dakrZalos es ada-
mianebi, romlebic daxoces TavianT miwaze. xojali dakavebulia da
gadamwvaria somexi boevikebis mier. SeiZleba am ambebs Suqi mohfi-
nos im filmma, romelic gadaiRes Sveulmfrenidan ucxoelma da
azerbaijanelma Jurnalistebma. 4 marts am firs Camoitanen moskov-
Si da, vaCvenebT mas moskovis presasa da sazogadoebas.
qalaqis ganadgureba CvenTvis samwuxarod ar iyo moulodn-
eloba. araa eWvi imaSic, rom somxuri mxaris mizania - sabolood
gandevnon azerbaijanelebi yarabaRidan. dRes yofili avtonomiis
54 dasaxlebul punqtidan boevikebma xelT igdes 53. jer jerobiT
medgrad dgas qalaqi SuSa. yvela danarCen soflebSi, romlebic ga-
davidnen mowinaaRmdegis xelSi,- sruli ngrevaa, saxlebi gadamwvar-
ia, mcxovreblebi ki moklulni arian.
rogorc wesi, terorizmis morigi talRa modis SeTanxmebaze mo-
laparakebebis Sesaxeb. xojalis Sturmi - es aris TavisTavadi reaq-
cia azerbaijanisa da somxeTis delegaciaTa Sexvedraze moskovSi,
ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa saministros SuamavlobiT. exla Cven vxe-
davT, ra dgas somxeTis ,,samSvidobo iniciativebis“ ukan. saWiroa ki
saerTod molaparakebebi Tvalebis asaxvevad?
laparakobs robert araqelovi, somxeTis respublikis mudmiv-
moqmedi warmomadgenlis mrCeveli q.moskovSi:
laparakoben xojalis ,,ganadgurebis“ Sesaxeb. es aris azerbai-
janis propagandistuli aqcia. es araa aranairad qalaqi aTiaTa-
siani mosaxleobiT. aris ubralod sofeli stepanaqerTidan daSo-
rebuli ramodenime kolometriT, gzad meore somxebiT dasaxlebul
qalaq askeranamde.
samxedro moqmedebebis dawyebisTanave azerbaijanelma xelmZ-
Rvanelebma kargad gaiTavises xojalis strategiuli mniSvneloba.
sofels, romlis saxelwodeba arc erT seriozul cnobarSic ki
128
araa (xojali 1980 wlis did sabWoTa enciklopediur cnobarSic
ki araa moxseniebuli-red.) mianiWes saswrafod qalaqis statusi. iq
daiwyes Camosvla respublikis siRrmiseuli raionebidan azerbai-
janelebma mTeli ojaxebiT, aseve uzbekeTidan gadmosaxlebulma
Turq-mesxebma da saxldebodnen aq.
roca imyofebi xojaliSi, Seizleba mTlianad akontrolo stefa-
naqerTis aeroporti, amavdroulad cecxli dauSino mTel stefa-
naqerTs.
rac xdeboda kidec ukanasknel TveebSi yoveldRiurad. azer-
baijanis omonma da sxva SeiaraRebulma formirebebma gamoiyenes
artileria. xojalidan cecxlis koreqtirebas axdenda ,,gradis“
danadgari, romelic urtyamda SuSadan. mowinaaRmdegem moaxerxa
aeroportis blokireba, ris Semdeg Cven veRar viRebdiT medika-
mentebsa da produqtebs. ai ratom gadawyvita mTiani yarabaRis
xelmZRvanelobam banditizmis keris aRmofxvra. xojalis warmate-
buli Sturmi namdvilad ganxorcielda 26 Tebervals.
- ramdeni mSvidobiani mosaxle iyo xojaliSi Sturmis dros?
- iq isini praqtikulad ar iyvnen, radgan umravlesobam inten-
siuri sabrZolo moqmedebebis gamo ufro adre datova qalaqi. xo-
jali, vimeoreb iqca omis erT-erT dasayrden bazad. misi dakaveba
gamomdinareobda omis logikiT. roca somxeTis jarebi Sevidnen
qalaqSi, mSvidobiani mosaxleobis darCenili nawili gaSvebul iqna
,,derefniT“ meomar mxareTa Soris. Turqi mesxebis 40 ojaxi, mTiani
yarabaRis respublikis mTavrobis gadawyvetilebis Sesabamisad
iqna ayvanili dacvis qveS. maT sTavazobdnen darCenas, magram maT
gadawyvites nebayoflobiT daetoebinaT qalaqi.
axla stefanaqerTSi srolebi cota gaCerda. es aris Sedegi imisa,
rom moxerxda xojalidan banditebis gamorekva.
- monawileobdnen Tu ara xojalis brZolebSi 366-e polkis ofi-
crebi da jariskacebi?
- ara. qalaqi iqna aRebuli mxolod somxuri Tavdacvis Zalebis
meSveobiT.
ai kidev axali ambebi momxdaris irgvliv. es ambebi amcnes brif-
ingze, romelic Sedga baqoSi.
xojalis aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis Tavi e.mamedovi - erT-
erTia imaTgan, vinc iqca cocxal mowmed da gadaurCa am tragedias
mSvidobiani mosaxleobidan. am barbarosuli ganadgurebisas daiR-
upa misi 22 naTesavi, maT Soris dedac . ai ras uyveba is Jurnali-
stebs:
129
- saavtomobilo mimosvla xojalisTan Sewyda 1991 wlis 30 oq-
tombridan. am droidan kavSiri qalaqTan xorcieldeboda Sveulm-
frenebis meSveobiT. 2 ianvridan xojaliSi aRar iyo eleqtroener-
gia. miuxedavad amisa, qalaqi
idga medgrad da ibrZoda.
Cven vimedovnebdiT respub-
likis daxmarebaze, yovel-
dRiurad rekavdnen agdamSi, da
yovel jerze gveubnebodnen:
xval CavatarebT operacias
da gavarRvevT alyaso. ai ase
dagvtoves uiaraRod qalaqis
macxovreblebi banditebTan
pirispir.
25 Tebervals, 20.30 movida
Setyobineba, rom mowinaaRmde-
gis tankebi da qveiTi sabrZolo manqanebi ikaveben qalaqis garSemo
sabrZolo poziciebs. amis Sesaxeb Cven vacnobeT yvelas raciiT. me
viTxove gamoegzavnaT Sveulmfreni, raTa gagveyvana moxucebi, qa-
lebi da bavSvebi. daxmareba ar movida...
qalaqis Sturmi daiwyo artileriisi dabombviT, romelic
grZeldeboda ori saaTis manZilze, agrZelebs e. mamedovi. somexi
meomrebi isrodnen tankebidan, btr-ebidan da WurvebiT „ala-
zani“. Cven blokirebuli viyaviT sami mxridan, Ria iyo mxolod
askeranis mimarTuleba. rodesac ukve Setevaze gadavidnen qveiT-
ebi, xojaloSi yvelaferi dangreuli iyo. Cven Tavs vicavdiT
sangrebSi Ramis 2 saaTamde. Semdgom ver gauZeles Setevas da
mebrZolebma qalaqis mosaxleobasTan erTad ukan daxeva daiw-
yes. gayinuli mdinaris gadasvlis Semdeg Cven wavediT ketinskis
mTis mimarTulebiT. bevri adamiani daiRupa gzaSi -tyeebSi, sa-
dac isini gaiyinen. mivdiodiT dilis Svid saaTamde, gamovediT
velze somxur sofel naxCivanikTan. aq Cven gvelodebodnen av-
tomatebiT, tyviamfrqvevebiT da btr-iT. daiwyo uiaraRo xalxis
masobrivi ganadgureba. daiRupa mravali qali da bavSvi. xalxis
nawili Cavida sofel gulablis mimarTulebiT da iq daaxloebiT
200 adamiani somxebma mZevlad aiyvanes.
gancxadeba romelic gaakeTa xojalis prokurorma atakiSi
atakiSievma brifingze cxadyofs tragediis kidev erT mxares.
25 Tebervlamde ganacxada man somxur formirebebs ar SeeZloT
130
aeRoT qalaqi. rogorc ki maT SeuerTda 366 polkis samxedro
teqnika maT isargebles amiT.
amasac amtkicebs oTxi jariskacis naTqvami, romlebic gav-
idnen 336-e polkidan, jariskacebi iuri iaxoviCi, aleqsei bond-
arevi, pavle antipina da pavle zuevi. miuxedavad imisa rom maT
datoves Tavisi nawili xojalos movlenebamde , magram moiyvanes
uamravi magaliTebi 366-e polkis monawileobaze samxedro moq-
medebebSi azerbaijanuli soflebis mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg. ro-
gorc ganacxada a.bondarevma jer kidev gasuli wlis Semodgomi-
dan polkis oficrebs RamiT gamoyavdaT btr-ebi savse sabrZolo
konplektiT da midiodnen e.w. „Ramis morigeobaze“. diliT isini
brundebodnen „carielni“- yvela sabrZolo kompleqti daxarju-
li iyo.
maT agreTve daasaxeles polkis batalionis ufrosis maior
eganianis, kapitan eganianis saxeli, romlebic piradad monaw-
ileobdnen azerbaijanuli dasaxlebuli punktebis dabombvaSi.
„Cven Cveni TvaliT davinaxeT,- ganacxada a.bondarevma rogor
ibombeboda Cveni polkidan sofeli karkijaxani“. jariskacebis
gancxadebiT maTTan midioda garkveuli „ideologiuri muSao-
ba“. Cven STagvagonebdnen rom Cven varT qristianebi da unda
vibrZoloT musulmanebis winaaRmdeg ganacxada i.ixoviCma. Cven
araadamianur pirobebSi gvamyofebdnen. Cven ver moviTmineT es
yvelaferi da iZulebulni gavxdiT dagvetovebina polki da ga-
dasulviyaviT xojaloSi“.
131
nezavisimaia gazeta, 1992, 4 marti №43
respublika ganicdis warumateblobas
yarabaRis frontze
magram aRwevs gamarjvebas diplomatiaSi
aidin mexTievi, azerbaijani
tragedia, romelic datri-

alda 26 Tebervlis Rames
azerbaijanis qalaq xojali-
Si-xanqendiSi (stefanaqerTis
siaxloves) SeZra mTeli re-
spublikis mosaxleoba. 2 marti
prezidentis brZanebulebiT
gamocxadda saerTo erovnuli
glovis bolo dRed, preziden-
tis pres-samsaxurma Caatara
brifingi, romelzec Jur-
nalistebis winaSe gamovidnen
tragediis TviTmxilvelebi.
erT-erTi maTgani - q.xojalis
meria, romelmac saswaulad gamoaRwia alyaSemortymuli qa-
laqidan. misi sityvebiT, es dasaxlebuli punqti 6 aTasiani
mosaxleobiT mowyvetili iyo gare samyarosgan 13 Tebervli-
dan, roca aq daeSva ukanakneli samxedro Sveulmfreni human-
itaruli daxmarebiT.
xojalis merma gvauwya, rom dRevandel dRemde araa ara-
nairi cnobebi ganadgurebuli qalaqis 200 ojaxis bedze.
2 marts saerTaSoriso moZraoba ,,azerbaijanSi adamianis
uflebebisa da demokratiuli reformebisaTvis,, gadasca
moskovSi sazRvargareTis qveynebis diplomatiur warmo-
madgenlebs ,,msoflios xalxebisadmi,, mimarTvis teqsti,
romelSic naTqvamia: ,,1992 wlis 26 Tebervlis RamiT somx-
eTis erovnuli armiisa da dsT-s 366-e polkis monawileo-
biT aRigava miwisagan pirisa qalaqi xojali. im Rames iqna
daxocili 1324 azerbaijaneli. Tavdamsxmelebi ar indobdnen
aravis, esrodnen mibjniT, tyviamfrqvevebiT da asworebdnen
132
gvamebs tankebiT. es danaSauli SeiZleba Seadaro mxolod

faSistebis qmedebebs“. Semdeg sabuTSi ismis mowodeba-
,,miawvdineT xma sazogadoebas im xalxis tragediaze, ro-
melic ganicdis genocids Tavis sakuTar miwaze!“
amavdroulad SuSa imyofeba alyaSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom
3 marts qalaqSi srolebi ar iyo, mdgomareoba aq mainc rCebo-
da mZimed.saavadmyofoebSi gadaWedilia derefnebi, damwvar-

ia 40-mde saxli. informaciis mixedviT, romelic aris azer-
baijanis kulturis da ZeglTa dacvis sazogadoebaSi, gasul
dreebSi somexma boevikebma saraketo dartymebiT SuSaSi
mTlianad an nawilobriv gaanadgures XVIII-XIX saukuneebis
istoriuli Zeglebi, romelTac aqvT msoflio mniSvnelobis
Rirebuleba.
ngreva aris agreTve mTiani yarabaRis gverdiT myof aR-
damis raionSic. axla aq rogorc cnobilia, ganTavsebulia
yarabaRis respublikuri Stabi da agreTve azerbaijanis
Tavadacvis saministros Stabi. aRdamidan nawilobrivadaa
evakuirebuli mosaxleoba. prezidentis gankargulebiT Tav-
dacvis saministros generaluri Stabis ufrosi, general-
maiori dadaS rzaevi dainiSna zemo yarabaRSi azerbaijanis
Tavdacvis Zalebis sardlad. respublikis Tavdacvis samin-
133
istros pres-samsaxurma uaryo gazeT ,,izvestias“ 2 martis
cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom ,,azerbaijanSi mimdinareobs mamakac-
Ta nawilobrivi mobilizacia“.
respublikis xelmZRvaneloba acnobierebda, rom samxedro
TvalsazrisiT azerbaijanis mxare ar iyo mowodebis doneze,
amitom SeeCerebinaT operaciebi sanam Tavdacvis saministro,
Sinagan saqmeTa saministro da erovnuli uSiSroebis samin-
istro ar SeimuSavebdnen erTobliv gegmas. azerbaijanis
SeiaraRebuli formirebebis ukanaskneli marcxi yarabaRis
frontze, jer jerobiT ar iZleoda optimizmis safuZvels.
amasTan erTad respublikam moipova gansakuTrebuli gamar-
jveba diplomatiaSi. Tebervlis bolos praRaSi Semdgari
evropis usafrTxoebis wevr-qveynebis sxdoma amisi mtkice-
bulebaa. prezidentis mrCeveli erovnul sakiTxebSi rasim
musabekovi, romelic warmoadgenda praRis Sexvedraze azer-
baijans, ,,nezavisimaia gazetas“ korespondents interviuSi
uyveba: ,,am Sexvedraze somxuri mxare aRmoCnda izolaciaSi.
arc erTma qveyanam- evropis usafrTxoebis wevr-qveynebidan
ar dauWira mxari somxeTis moTxovnas imaze, rom ,,yarabaRis
somxur Tems mieces TviTgamorkvevis saSualeba,, da amiT sab-
oloo dokumentSi ar SeiZleba dafiqsirdes yarabaRis kuT-
vnileba azerbaijanis teritoriad“
musabekovis sityvebiT, saboloo dokumentSi saxelwo-
debiT ,,mdgomareoba mTian yarabaRSi,, dafiqsirda am regio-
nis kuTvnileba azerbaijanis teritoriad. konkretulad ki:
,,mTiani yarabaRi aris azerbaijanis respublikis kuTvnile-
ba, romlis mosaxleobam gamoTqva survili isargeblos yvela
im uflebiT, romelic gansazRvrulia helsinkis aqtiT“.
134
nezavisimaia gazeta 1992, 5 marti, № 43
Sveulmfrenebi ganagrZoben vardnas

frangi ministris moadgile saswaulad gadarCa cocxali
aidin mexTievi
3 marts Sekrebilma
azerbaijanis erovnulma
sabWom SeimuSava mimarTva
,,msoflios parlamentebi-
sadmi“, romelSic mouwoda
maT ,,samarTlebrivad dag-
mon genocidi, romelsac
hqonda adgili yarabaRis
azerbaijaneli mosaxleobis
winaSe, romelic ganaxor-
ciela somxeTis nacional-
urma armiam“. qalaqi xojali
6-aTasian mosaxleobasTan
erTad aRigava miwisagan
pirisa,-naTqvamia dokumen-
tSi. somxeTis respublikis
xelmZRvanelobam aiyvana
terori azerbaijanelTa winaaRmdeg saxelmwifo politikis rang-
Si“. erovnulma sabWom erTxmad miiRo gadawyvetileba 5 marts moi-
wvion azerbaijanis umaRlesi sabWos sagangebo sesia da, Seitanon
dRis wesrigSi mTian yarabaRSi da azerbaijanSi politikuri situa-
ciis sakiTxebi. 4 marts dilis 11.00 moskovSi, azerbaijanis mudmiv
warmomadgenlobaSi korespondentebs aCvenes videokadrebi, rom-
lebic iqna gadaRebuli azerbaijaneli operatotebis mier 2 marts,
romlebic im dRes SveulmfreniT imyofebodnen im raionSi, ro-
melic esazRvreba ganadgurebul xojalis. uSualod xojaliSi mox-
vedra SeuZlebelia: is dakavebulia somex boevikebis mier, romle-
bic dRemde uars amboben azerbaijanelTa 1000-mde gvamis ZiriTadi
nawilis gadmocemaze. dasavleTis Jurnalistebsac tragediis
axlomdebare adgilas miecaT saSualeba moxvedriliyvnen iq, da
firze aRebeWdaT 50 dasaxiCrebuli gvami, romlebic mimofantulia
xojalis SemogarenSi. brifingze, romelic gaimarTa moskovSi, vid-
eofilmebis Cvenebis Semdeg, azerbaijanis prezidentis pres-mdivan-
135
ma rasim agaevma ganacxada, rom aiaz muTalibovma gaugzavna
depeSa dsT-s
meTaurebs,
romelSic ur-
Cevs maT Seiqm-
nas saxelmwi-
faTaSoriso
komisia ,,xo-
jaliSi azer-
baijanuli
mosaxleobis
winaSe ganx-
orcielebu-
li genocidis
aqtis gamo-
saZieblad“.
rasim agaevma ganacxada rom ,,axla dsT-s gaerTianebuli
samxedro Zalebisa da yarabaRSi somex separatistebs Soris
mimdinareobs TamaSi, romlis mizania -Seiqmns STabeWdileba,
rom vera da ver xerxdeba xanqendidan 366-e polkis gayvana“.
agaevis monacemebiT 366-e polki jerac gayvanili araa. brif-
ingze gamovida azerbaijanis erovnuli uSiSroebis saminis-
tros ganyofilebis ufrosi oleg alievi, romelmac aRniSna,
rom respublikis uSiSroebis saministrom SeZlo Ми-24-s
samxedro Sveulmfrenis pilotisa da 366-e polkis xelmZR-
vanelebTan radiogadacemebis sixSireebis dafiqsireba, ro-
melic intensiurad mimdinareobda xojalis Sturmamde, anu
25 Tebervlamde. erovnuli uSiSroebis saministros monace-
mebiT xojalize ieriSSi monawileobda teqnikis 40 erTeuli-
qveiTi javSviani manqanebi (БМП), javSantransporterebi
(БТР) da tankebi, -romelic ekuTvnis dsT-s 366-e polks. ama-
vdroulad ,,saxalxo frontis,, informaciulma centrma Seg-
vatyobina baqodan, rom azerbaijanuli dazverva flobs in-
formacias xojalis ugzo ukvlod dakargul mosaxleobaze.
somxur mxares mZevlad yavT ayvanili 1600 adamiani agderes
raionis sofleb vianqlis da xindirsTanSi (asqeranTan). am
mZevalTa ricxvidan kidev 60-mde azerbaijaneli daxvrites
3 martis RamiT. xojalis tragediis Semdeg 366-e polkis
sami uzbeki jariskaci gaiqca aRdamSi da gamoTqva survili
136
mieRoT monawileoba brZolebSi TarTaris raionSi, sadac
somexi boevikebi Seecadnen daewyoT Seteva, magram Tavdac-
vis Zalebma ukuagdes maTi Seteva. grZeldeba saraketo dar-
tymebi aRdamis mimarTulebiT yarabaRis mTebis mxridan. qa-
laqi SuSa Tavisi 40-aTasiani mosaxleobiT emzadeba Setevis
mosagerieblad. SuSis Tavdacvis sagangebo Stabis sardali
raxim gazievi 3 marts Cavida baqoSi, sadac awarmoebs mo-
laparakebebs azerbaijanis Tavdacvis saministros sardlo-
basTan SuSis Tavdacvis gamagrebis zomebis Sesaxeb.
azerbaijanis prezidentis pres-samsaxurma gaavrcela
cnoba, rom 2 marts somxeTis gorisis raionSi cecxli dau-
Sines Sveulmfrens, romelSic ijda safrangeTis sagareo
saqmeTa ministris moadgile, bernar kuSneri, romelic adre
miRweuli molaparakebebis safuZvelze Camovida amierkavka-
siaSi humanitaruli misiiT. Sveulmfreni saswaulad gadar-
Ca d,a man moaxdina iZulebiTi daSveba azerbaijanis laCinis
raionSi.
3 marts, dRis meore naxevarSi qelbajaris raionSi gani-
cada katastrofa somxurma Sveulfrenma Ми-24-ma. ,,sax-
alxo frontis“ sainformacio centrma qelbajaris Sinagan
saqmeTa saministros sammarTveloze dayrdnobiT gaavrcela
informacia, rom Sveulmfreni iqna Camogdebuli azerbaijan-
is Tavdacvis Zalebis mier, rac ar Seesabameba sinamdviles.
,,burusSi Sveulmfreni daejaxa mTas da afeTqda,,- ganacxada
,,saxalxo frontis“ sainformacio centris warmomadgenel-
ma.
azerbaijanis radios cnobiT, gasul dReebSi TurqeTis
qalaqebsa ankaraSi, izmirSi, iRdirSi, yarsSi da xv. Sedga
azerbaijanTan solidarobis mitingebi. mitingebis organi-
zatorebma moiTxoves TurqeTis mTavrobam moaxdinos ze-
wola somxeTze, raTa ukanasknelma bolo mouRos genoci-
dis politikas azerbaijanelTa winaaRmdeg mTian yarabaRSi.
TurqeTis premier-ministrma suleiman demirelma ganacxada
gasul kviras, rom ,,TurqeTi gaaaqtiurebs diplomatiur Za-
lisxmevas yarabaRis krizisis mowesrigebis saqmeSi“.
2 marts TurqeTis sagareo saqmeTa ministri gamovida
gancxadebiT, sadac naTqvamia, rom es gadawyvetileba miRe-
bulia evropis usafrTxoebis sabWos saboloo sabuTis erT-
erTi punqtis Sesabamisad, romelsac moewera xeli Tavis
137
mxriv praRaSi 28 Tebervals. am punqtis Tanaxmad, evropis
qveynebis usafrTxoebis sabWos wevr-qveynebma unda daadon
embargo yarabaRis konfliqtis regionSi iaraRis miwodeba-
ze. damkvirveblebi ukavSireben TurqeTis am gadawyvetile-
bas im skandals, romelic TurqeTis oficialur wreebSi
gavrcelda mas Semdeg, rac TurqeTis sahaero sivrce daar-
Rvia livanis TviTfrinavma. 10 Tebervals TviTmfrinavma
livanis droSiT, romelic gamofrinda franqfurtidan da
aiRo gezi erevanze, Semovida TurqeTis sahaero sivrceSi da,
ar miiRo TurqeTis xelisuflebis nebarTva. TurqeTis ofi-
cialurma pirebma kritikis qarcecxlSi gaatares TurqeTis
SeiaraRebuli Zalebis generaluri Stabi, romlis haersawi-
naRo Tavdacvis Zalebma ar aiZules livanis TviTmfrinavi
ganexorcielebina daSveba dasajdom bilikze. azerbaijanSi
ar gamoricxaven SesaZleblobas livanis TviTmfrinavze
yofiliyvnen SeiaraRebuli teroristebi, romlebic mifri-
navdnen erevanSi.
amasTan erTad germaniis ,,demokratiuli socializmis“
partiam brali dasdo TurqeTs imaSi, rom mas (TurqeTs)
viTom gadahqonda azerbaijanSi iaraRi, romelic ekuTvnoda
TurqeTs, germania-TurqeTis ,,samxedro daxmarebis“ SeTanx-
mebis safuZvelze, yofili gdr-is saxalxo armiis maragebi-
dan. magram, germaniis mTavrobam ar daadastura es infor-
macia da ganacxada, rom TurqeTi icavs valdebulebebs, ar
gadasces mesame qveynebs miRebuli Seiarageba germaniis mx-
aresTan SeuTanxmeblad.
138
niu-iorq Taimsi, 1992, 5 marti
yofil sabWoTa jarebs brals sdeben

erovnebaTaSoriso konfliqtSi monawile-
obisaTvis.
moskovi, 4 marti (АР).

dRes azerbaijanma
brali dasdo yofil sab-
WoTa jarebs masSi, rom
maT somex SeiaraRebul
ZalebTan erToblivad
monawileobdnen azerbai-
janelTa mkvlelobebSi,
romlebic garbodnen
alyaSemortymuli qalaq-
idan mTiani yarabaRis
sadao anklavSi.
pres-konferenciaze
oficialurma pirebma
moaxdines aTobiT gv-
amebis videoCanaweris
demonstrireba.
azerbaijanis prezi-
dentis pres-mdivanma
rasim agaevma acnoba
sazogadoebas, rom ga-
sul kviras xojalize
Tavdaxmisas daiRupa
aranakleb 1000 mSvidobi-
ani mosaxlisa.
batonma agaevma Tqva
rom 366-e motorizebuli qveiTi polkis javSantransporterebma
da tankebma, romlebic imyofebian dsT-s sardlobis qveS, miiRes br-
Zaneba datovon regioni. maT alya Semoartyes xojalis 25-26 Teber-
vals.
Tanamegobrobis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis polkovniki ivane skril-
niki uaryofs azerbaijanuli mxaris braldebebs.
139
niu-iorq Taimsi, 1992, 5 marti
omis saSinelebebi ismis operatoris

tirilSi
yarabaRi: moskovSi aCveneben films xojalis ambebze
im dros roca azerbaijanelebi da somxebi erTmaneTs
uyeneben braldebebs xojalize Tavdasxmis Sesaxeb.
qeri goldbergi, ,,Taimsis” Statiani korespondenti.
moskovi. roca kamera gadavida xmeli zamTris balaxidan

wiTel kombinezonSi Cacmul patara bavSvis gvamze, Semdeg ki
xuTi mokluli qalbatonis gafiTrebul da dasisxlianebul
gvamebze, operatoris tirili gaxda am uxmo filmis namdvil
gaxmovanebad.
momxdaris saSinelebebma gaagiJa igi, gulaxdilad aRiara
azerbaijanis televiziis operatorma Cingiz mustafaevma
pres-konferenciaze, romelic organizebuli iqna oTxSabaTs
moskovSi, raTa mTiani yarabaRis qalaq xojalize, (romelsac
erTi kviris win daesxnen somexi boevikebi), tragediisadmi
miapyros yuradReba msoflios sazogadoebam.
,,teritoria 500-metriani radiusiT sul mTlianad iyo
mofenili gvamebiT,, - yveba mustafaevi, roca aRwers imas,
rasac azerbaijaneli oficialuri pirebi uwodeben sisxlis
kalos.
azerbaijanelma warmomadgenlebma gvacnobes, rom aranak-
leb 1000 adamiania mokluli da 300 ayvanilia mZevlad 25
Tebervlis Rames, roca SturmiT iqna aRebuli xojali.
somxeTis warmomadgenlebi mTian yarabaRSi acxadebeb,
rom cifrebi, romlebic mohyavs azerbaijanis mxares ,, ar
Seesabameba sinamdviles“ da rom sul daiRupa xojalis 80 mS-
vidobiani mosaxle.
mTiani yarabaRis parlamentis pres-centri acxadebs rom
mustafaevis filmi falsifikaciaa; gvamebi, romlebic film-
Sia naCvenebi, iyo azerbaijanisa da somxeTs Soris momxdari
SeTanxmebis - daRupulTa saerTo gacvlis erT-erTi nawili,
romelic Sedga paraskevs, da ara masobrivi mkvlelobebis
140
Sedegis erTi epizodia.
ramdeni adamianic ar
unda daRupuliyo, xoja-
li erTpirovnulad gaxda
yvelaze did tragediad
somxeT-azerbaijanis So-
ris warmoebul oTxwliani
dapirispirebis Sedegad,
mTiani yarabaRis anklavi-
saTvis omSi. 1000 adamianze
metia ukve daRupuli am
omSi, romelmac gaanadgura
adgilobrivi ekonomika da
aqcia asobiT macxovrebeli
usaxlkaro ltolvilad.
oTxSabaTis pres-kon-
ferenciaze, roca musta-
faevma warmoadgina Tavisi
filmi, TviTmxilvelTa
nanaxi da oficialuri ko-
mentarebi, azerbaijanis
prezidentis mrCevelma ra-
sim agaevma agreTve dasdo
brali yofili sabWoTa jar-
ebis 366-e polks, romelic
darCa mTian yarabaRSi da,
monawileobda xojalize
Tavdasxmis dros.
,,es danaSauli iyo ganx-
orcielebuli dsT-s 366-e
polkis mier, raTa SeeSi-
nebinad azerbaijani da
ar miscemoda mas Seeqmna
srulfasovani erovnuli
armia,- ganacxada agaevma,-
es SeiZleba kvalificirdes
141
rogorc genocidi, imitom rom klavdnen mxolod azerbai-
janelebs,,
magram dsT-s Tavdacvis saministros warmomadgeneli
ivane skrilniki mTlianad uaryofs imas, rom misi polki,
romlis pozicia neitraluria, exmareboda somxebs xojalis
Setevisas da misi alyaSi moqcevisas. magram man daadastu-
ra, rom zogierT dezertirs, romlebmac miatoves samxedro
nawili, ramodenime javSantransporterze, SeeZloT mieRoT
monawileoba brZolebSi.
366-e motorizebuli qveiTi polks , romelic didi xania
gaWedilia or mebrZol mxareTa Soris, unda daetovebina dis-
lokaciis adgili orSabaTs. magram polkis gayvana daibloka
am raionSi warmoebuli samxedro moqmedebebis gamo. oTx-
SabaTs polkis xelmZRvanelebma ganacxades rom samxedro
teqnika SesaZloa gadaitanon sahaero gziT mezobel saqarT-
veloSi da, piradi Semadgenloba isedac gayvanilia sahaero
gziT.
mindori, romelic mofenilia gvamebiT, mustafaevis si-
tyvebiT, man gadaiRo gasul paraskevs da mdebareobs xoja-
lis aRmosavleTiT, somxur qalaqebs asqeransa da naxiCev-
aniks Soris, gzad uaxloes azerbaijanis qalaq aRdamisken,
romlis mimarTulebiTac daiZra ltolvilTa da gadarCe-
nilTa kolonebi.
oleg alievi, 40 wlis buRalteri xojalidan, romelic
gadaurCa Tavdasxmas, yveba Tu rogor gamovida ltolvilTa
didi jgufi tyidan am mindorze, da am momentSi ara nakleb
2 javSantransporterisa, romlebsac marTavdnen somexi bo-
evikebi, gamoCndnen Casafrebidan da cecxli gauxsnes maT
misamarTiT tyviamfrqvevebidan. ,,maT egonaT rom ukve us-
afrTxod iyvnen, -iZaxis is Tavis mezoblebze da naTesave-
bze,- aRdamamde rCeboda sul cota. isini yvela mokles“
mustafaevma mohyva, rom daTvala ara nakleb 100 gvami. sam
aTeul gvamTa Soris, romelic iyo naCvenebi filmSi, uamra-
vi iyo qalisa da bavSvisa, zogierTi maTgani iyo daWrili
TavSi,zogs aranairi Wriloba ar hqonda. maTi tansacmeli
iyo areuli, ise viTom rames eZebdnen jibeebSi.
142
operatorma gvamcno, rom erT-erTma gadarCenilma mouyva
mas, Tu rogor eZebdnen boevikebi oqros da fuls, da iaraRs
adebdnen daWrilebs, romlebic eyarnen miwaze. isini iTxovd-
nen miecaT maTTvis faseulobebi, Semdeg ki klavdnen maT.
misi sityvebiT, es xsnis imas, rom bevr mokluls aqvs Wrilo-
bebi miyenebuli axlo manZilidan.
roca mustafaevi kvlav dabrunda am adgilas orSabaTs,
man ipova ori gvami, romlebsac nawilobriv ar hqondaT skal-
pebi, da qalis gvami moWrili loyiT. is varaudobs, rom gvame-
bi wabilwes, raTa daeSinebinaT mowinaaRmdeg an, savaraudod
jariskacebs mihqondaT gvamebis nawilebi TavianT meTau-
rebTan imis dasturad, rom isini aqtiurad klavdnen xalxs.
dsT-s televiziam aCvena am filmis patara fragmenti ko-
mentariT romelSic naTqvamia, rom es aris ,,saSineli sura-
Ti“ da rom bedi qalaq xojalis macxovreblebisa, sadac adre
cxovrobda 7000 adamiani, iyo ,,traRikuli“.
somexi oficialuri pirebi daJinebiT iZaxian rom xojal-
iSi da mis mimdebare raionebSi praqtikulad araa mSvido-
biani mosaxleoba. maTi sityvebiT, qalaqSi ZiriTadad cxov-
robdnen azerbaijaneli boevikebi, romlebmac gamoiyenes
ramodenime adgilobrivi mkvidri mosaxle, rogorc cocxali
fari. amasTan erTad, qalaqi iyo gadaqceuli saraketo dar-
tymebis bazad dedaqalaq stefanaqerTis somxuri mosaxleo-
bisaTvis. mas Semdeg rac xojali iqna aRebuli, stefanaqerT-
Si srolebi Sewyda.
pasuxad mTian yarabaRSi samxedro moqmedebebis eskalaci-
aze ruseTis federaciis prezidentma boris elcinma gaag-
zavna regionSi specialuri Suamavali, raTa kidev erTxel
scados gaarRvios oTxwliani omis mankieri rkali sadavo
anklavSi.
143
izvestia, 1992, 5 marti, №54
mTiani yarabaRi: dsT-s jarebis jariskacebi da

oficrebi ibrZvian konfliqtis orive mxares
viqtor litovkini, ,,izvestia“
saidumlo adre
Tu gvian naTeli xde-
ba. faqtebi, romleb-
sac saguldagulod
malavdnen oficial-
uri pirebi, magram
romlebsac lapara-
kobs mTeli msoflio
- dasturdeba.
q.stefanaqerTSi
(xanqendSi) dis-
locirebuli 366-
e motomsroleli
polkis calkeuli
oficrebi, zemde-
gebi da jariskacebi
monawileobdnen sa-
brZolo moqmede-
bebSi rogorc erT,
aseve meore mxarezec.
metic, gaxda cnobili, rom redaqciaSi aris mtkicebule-
bani imisa, rom SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis zonidan gasayva-
nad ukve momzadebuli polki, me-2 motomsroleli batalio-
nis meTaurma, maiorma s.oganianma Tavis daqvemdebarebaSi
myof ramodenime somex oficerTan da sxva da sxva erovnebis
jariskacTan erTad (romlebic garbian qvedanayofebidan),
xelT igdes tanki, sami qveiTi sabrZolo manqana ( sxva monace-
mebiT, 20 javsantransporteri), agreTve 2 saartilerio dan-
adgari da, daikava gabatonebuli poziciebi sofel balijas-
Tan 4 kilometris samxreTiT da ar uSvebda stefanaqerTSi
or sxva batalions.
moxda zogadi dabrkoleba medesanteebis rigebSi maSin,
roca maT unda uzrunveleyoT polkis gasvla dislokaciis
144
axal adgilas,- aravin arc ki warmoidgenda, rom brZola mou-
wevdaT Tavisianebis winaaRmdeg.
sxvaTa Soris, amierkavkasiaSi samxedro ficis Ralatis
SemTxvevebi cota ar aris. maiorma v. mudrakma, rogorc ukve
iwereboda „izvestiaSi“, gadasca azerbaijanis erovnuli
armiis sakuTari batalionis sabrZolo teqnika da axla ukve
podpolkovnikis rangSi uZRveba specialuri daniSnulebis
batalions amave jarSi, ibrZvis mis rigebSi, da xSirad Tavisi
yofili gvardielebis winaaRmdegac.
366-e polkis gayvana igegmeboda ganjaSi, mara exla gadawy-
da misi gayvana saqarTvelos teritoriaze. azerbaijanSi ga-
nacxades, rom ar dauSveben TavisTan maT, vinc esroda mis
moqalaqeebs. polkis droSa -ukve axal adgilzea. ra bedi
eweva mravaltanjuli nawilis jariskacebs, gviCvenebs dro.
polkis ori batalioni mzadaa gavides, magram maT uSliT fi-
cisadmi Ralati, gviTxres Cven samxedroebma.
xojaliSi daxvretili qalebis, bavSvebis da moxucebis gv-
amebidan rom xsnidnen skalpebs, amas adasturebs filmi, ro-
melic gadaiRes azerbaijanelma kinodokumentalistebma.
4 marts moskovSi azerbaijanis mudmivmoqmed warmomad-
genlobaSi iyo naCvenebi ori videosiuJeti, romelic gadai-
Ro operatorma Cingiz mustafaevma 28 Tebervals da 2 marts
im adgilebSi, sadac somexi boevikebis mier moxda qalaq xoja-
lis mSvidobiani mosaxleobis daxocva.
kadrebi gviCveneben brZolis velze daRupul ara jaris-
kacebs, aramed mSvidobian moqalaqeebs. aTobiT da aTobiT
daxvretili (ZiriTad SemTxvevaSi - mibjniT, an TavSi gas-
roliT) bavSvebs 2-dan 15-wlamde asakis, qalebs, moxucebs.
daRupulTa cxedrebis ganlageba cxadyofs, rom xalxs
klavdnen civsisxlianad, aranairi winaaRmdegobis gawevis an
gaqcevis niSnebi ara aqvT. Tanaxmad saavtoro komentarisa,
zogierTebs esrodnen saTiTaod, gverdiT gayvaniT, bevrs xo-
cavdnen ojaxebiT, anu yvelas erTad. zogierT gvamebze Cans
ramdenime Wriloba. erTi aucileblad TavSia -ese igi daWri-
lebs klavdnen.
kameram gadaiRo ramodenime yurebmoWrili bavSvi, moxuc
qals amoWrili aqvs kani saxis marcxena mxridan. mamakacebs
aWridnen skalpebs. gvamebze aSkarad etyobaT Zarcvis niS-
nebi.
145
- pirvelad
Cavedi ori samx-
edro Sveulm-
frenis meSveo-
biT uSualod
daxvretis adgi-
las 28 Teber-
vals,- yveba Cin-
giz mustafaevi,
haeridan da-
vinaxe patara
moedani 500 me-
tris radiusiT,
romelic mTli-
anad iyo dafaru-
li daRupulTa
gvamebiT. mfri-
navebs eSinodaT
dajdoma, imitom
rom teritoria
somexi boevike-
vis mier iyo kon-
trolirebadi.
magram, roca Cven
mainc daveSviT
da gamovediT
Sveulmfrenidan, daiwyo srola. CvenTan erTad myof mili-
cionerebs unda wamoeRoT gvamebi maTi naTesavebisTvis da-
sakrZalavad. moaswres mxolod oTxi gvamis wamoReba. Tanac
Cven yvelani viyaviT SokSi. orma goneba dakarga am uamravi
daxocilis da gafuWebuli gvamebis yurebiT. bevrs guli
ereodaT....
igive moxda 2 marts, roca Cven CamovfrindiT ucxoel Ju-
rnalistebTan erTad. uamravi gvami iyo ukve ufro gafuWe-
bul mdgomareobaSi. rogorc Cans maT wabilwvaze muSaobdnen
ramodenime dRe.
azerbaijanis respublikis mudmiv warmomadgenlobaSi
moskovSi gamarTul pres-konferenciaze gamovida azerbai-
janis prezidentis pres-mdivani rasim agaevi.
146
- omsac ki, rogori saSinels ar unda iyos is, aqvs Tavisi
wesebi, romlebic dafiqsirebulia Jenevis konvenciiT,- Tqva
agaevma. -ase, sabrZolo moqmedebebisas yovlad dauSvebelia
uiaraRo mSvidobiani mosaxleobis amoxocva. magram mTiani
yarabaRis movlenebma cxadhyo rom, somxeTis mxare gadavida
mSvidobiani mosaxleobis Zirfesviani ganadgurebis taqti-
kaze. aqamde daxocilTa gvamebi yria xojalis quCebsa da dan-
greul saxlebSi.
Cven gvaqvs utyuari monacemebi, - agrZelebs agaevi, - rom
dsT-s SeiaraRebuli Zalebis 366-e polkis oficrebi da ja-
riskacebi monawileobdnen somexi boevikebis mier warmoe-
bul danaSaulebebSi. isini klavdnen da marodiorobdnen xo-
jaliSi ukve qalaqis Sturmis Semdeg, rac SeiZleba Sefasdes
rogorc samxedro danaSauli.
rasim agaevma uaryo somxuri mxaris cnoba viTomda
Turq-mesxebisadmi maTi humanuri ganwyobis Sesaxeb. TviT-
mxilvelebi romlebic gadarCnen, yvebian rom Turq mesxebs
xvretdnen azerbaijanelebTan erTad.
azerbaijanis prezidentis pres-mdivanma miaqcia presis
yuradReba respublikis mimarT informaciuli blokadis
gagrZelebaze. praqtikulad aravin masobrivi informaciis
saSualebebisgan, ,,komsomolskaia pravdasa,, da ,, izvestias,,
garda - xojalis tragediaze araferi Tqva. calkeuli pre-
tenziebia -centraluri televiziis mimarT, romelmac aCvena
mciredi imisa, rac moxerxda gadagveRo xojaliSi masobrivi
daxvretebis adgilas.
3 marts momxdaris Tavis versias avrcelebs mTiani
yarabaRis umaRlesi sabWos sainformacio centri ,,praim-
armenia“:
,,...somxeTis Tavdacvis Zalebis razmebma, raTa aecile-
binad arasasurveli msxverpli mSvidobian mosaxleobaSi,
dautoves maT gasasvleli ,,derefani“ raTa gasuliyvnen
sabrZolo moqmedebebis zonidan. magram, amiT isargebles
azerbaijanis erovnuli armiis jariskacebma, romlebic mS-
vidobiani mosaxleobis meSveobiT Seecadnen alyis garRve-
vas. mSvidobiani mosaxleobis nawili (200 -ma kaci), maT Soris
Turqi mesxebis 40 ojaxi, darCnen xojaliSi. maTi survilis-
amebr iqnen gadacemulni azerbaijanis mxares sxva raime pi-
robis gareSe. mTiani yarabaTis respublikis umaRlesi sab-
147
Wos Tavmjdomare sinanuliT konstatirebs, rom xojaliSi
darCenili somexi erovnebis mZevlebi -34 qali da bavSvi -
aseve iyvnen ayvanilni ukan daxeuli azerbaijanis erovnuli
armiis qvedanayofebis mier da, dRevandeli maTi bedi ucno-
bia. mTiani yarabaRis resbublikis umaRlesi sabWos Tavm-
jdomarem Seqmna komisia da samZebro jgufi im mizniT, rom
aRmoeCinaT mTiani yarabaRis respublikis dakarguli somexi
erovnebis mosaxleobis adgilsamyofeli da momxdariyo maTi
identifikacia asqeranis raionSi daRupulebTan erTad“.
imave saagentom ,,pro-armeniam“ gadmosca mTiani
yarabaRis respublikis Sinagan saqmeTa sammarTvelos ufro-
sis azri. misi sityvebiT ,,sabrZolo moqmedebebi didxans ar
gagrZelebula, TviT xojaliSi ki mSvidobiani azerbaijan-
eli mosaxleobac ki daRupuli ar iyo“. xojalisTan brZo-
laSi ,,pro-armenias,, cnobiT, daiRupa azerbaijanis armiis
30-40 jariskaci, 100-ze meti ayvanilia tyved. rac Seexeba mS-
vidobiani mosaxleobis gvamebs, isini ,,Semoagdo“ TviT azer-
baijanis armiam gzad xojalidan aRdamamde, da Tanac imave
Sinagan saqmeTa sammarTvelos ufrosma ganacxada, rom bevri
maTgani daiRupa sicivisgano.
daaxloebiT aseTive ganmarteba am movlenebis Sesaxeb
gamoTqva 3 marts somxeTis parlamentis wevrma o.yazarianma:
,,yuradRebas iqcevs cxadi survili - daayenon erT rigSi ori
movlena -somxuri areulobebi sumgaiTsa da tragedia xo-
jaliSi,- ganacxada man. -magram es paraleli Zalian saTuoa,
radgan xojalis aReba- es aris samxedro operaciis Sedegi,
romelic warmoebda mowinaaRmdegis sacecxle wertebis Cax-
Sobisas. zustad rom azerbaijanelma jarebma xeli SeuSales
mSvidobian mosaxleobas gamosuliyvnen uvneblebi alyaS-
emortymuli qalaqidan.
ar unda iyo winaswarmetyveli, rom mTian yarabaRSi da mis
garSemo, situaciis mkveTri gauareseba da qalaq xojalize
Sturmisas uprecendento raodenobis msxverpli gaTvalo“
3 marts somxeTis prezidentma levon ter-petrosianma ga-
nacxada, rom Tvlis 366-e polkis gayvanas ,,cudad mofiqre-
bul nabijad“, Tu ar iqneba miRebuli zomebi, romlebic
aRadgenen Tanasworobas regionSi, somxeTis prezidenti CaT-
vlis amas didi omis dasawyisad.
baqodan mosuli informaciiT, azerbaijanis xelisufle-
148
ba da sxva da sxva politikuri partiebi iTxoven azerbaijanis
respublikis umaRlesi sabWos mowvevas, sadac saubari unda
iyos saxelmwifoebrivi suverenitetisa da teritoriuli
mTlianobis SeiaraRebul dacvaze.
samSabaTs saRamos azerbaijanisa da somxeTis sazRvarze
Camogdebul iqna Ми-26 samxedro TviTmfrinavi, romelic
ekuTvnoda dsT-s gaerTianebul samxedro Zalebs. TviTmfri-
navs gadahyavda yarabaRis Saumianis raionSi usaxlakarod
darCenili qalebi da bavSvebi, roca somxeTis sazRvarTan Ca-
moagdo samxedro Sveulmfrenma Ми-8-m. Semdeg miwidan Ми-
26-s mimarTulebiT gauSves raketa, ris Semdeg Sveulmfrens
gauCnda cecxli da Camovarda azerbaijanis sofel seidlia-
ris Soriaxlos. daiRupa 6 adamaini, danarCeni 31 mgzavri mi-
iyvanes somxeTis saavadmyofoSi samaSvelo razmis meSveobiT.
amaze aranakleb dramatuli ambebi iSleba stefanaqerTSi
(xakqendi). ,,izvestiebis,, specialurma korespondentma vad-
im belixma 4 Tebervals baqodan faqsiT gadmosca:
,,366-e polkma vera da ver Seszlo mTiani yarabaRidan daZ-
ruliyi. mas blokireba gaukeTes bavSvTa da qalTa masam, rom-
lebic darwmunebulni arian, rom maTi gayvaniT dsT-s stefa-
naqerTi sabolod daingreva, xolo misi macxovreblebi ki
ganadgurdebian. polkis meTauri ganagrZobs molaparakebebs
adgilobriv somxebTan, mara jer uSedegod. samxedro mosam-
saxureebs Soris bevria daWrili. gadamouwmebeli monace-
mebiT, ukanaskneli dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi SeniRmvis jgu-
fidan daiRupa ori gamogzavnili medesante. 366-e polkis
dezertirebi yvebian, rom nawilSi masobrivi gaqcevis Semdeg
rCeboda araumetes 300-350 adamianisa (Statit gankuTvnil
1800 -is winaaRmdeg), tankebis naxevari, qveiTi sabrzolo man-
qana, gaumarTavi satvirTo manqanebi da sxv. mTiani yarabaRis
polkis gamoyvanis operacias xelmZRvanelobs general-
polkovniki boris gromovi, me-40 (avRaneTis) armiis yofili
sardali, romlis Stabi ganTavsda ganjaSi“
uaxloes dReebSi vadim belixs Tu miecema saSualeba, Camo-
va stefanaqerTSi da ,,izvestia“ SesZlebs hqondes Tavisi sa-
kuTari informacia samxedro moqmedebebis Sesaxeb.
149
independenti, 1992, 5 marti
ltolvilebi da axali samarxebi cxadhyofen, rom
masobrivi mkvlelobebi Caidines somxebma.
azerbaijanelebs sdevnidnen da
klavdnen tyeSi
helen vameki gadmoscems aRdamidan (azerbaijani)
zusti ricxvi yve-

la msxverplisa jer
jerobiT ucnobia, ma-
gram eWvi araa imaSi,
rom gasul kviras
azerbaijaneli mSvi-
dobiani mosaxleoba
iyo mxecurad moklu-
li mTiani yarabaRis
daTovlil mTian
uReltexilebze.
x o j a l i s
ltolvilebma, qa-
laqisa, romelic mde-
barebs somxeTis mier
okupirebul terito-
riaze, ipoves TavSesa-
fari sasazRvro qalaq
aRdamSi da praqti-
kulad yvebian erTi
da igives, Tu rogor daeca maT saxlebs mteri 25 Tebervlis RamiT,
rogor sdevnidnen maT, rogor garbodnen da klavdnen maT tyee-
bSi. guSin me vnaxe 75 axali samarxi erT sasaflaoze, agreTve oTxi
dasaxiCrebuli gvami, romlebic me maCvenes adgilobriv meCeTSi,
roca Cven CamovediT aRdamSi, samSabaTs saRamos. me vnaxe qalebi
da bavSvebi, romlebic daWrilni arian cecxlsasroli iaraRiT da,
mkurnaloben droebiT hospitalSi, romelic saxeldaxelodaa or-
ganizebuli vagzalze, sarkinigzo vagonebSi.
xojali - anklavis azerbaijanuli sofelia, ZiriTadad somxuri
mosaxleobiT; misi mosaxleoba Seadgens 6000-mde adamians. aRdamis
miliciis ufrosma raSid mamedovma Tqva, rom 500-ma adamianma ipova
150
TavSesafari mis qalaqSi. -sxvebi sad arian?-vikiTxe me. man mipasuxa,
rom SesaZloa an tyved iyvnen, an kidev moaxerxes sadme gaqceuli-
yvnen. uamravi gvami kidev rCeba tyeebSi, imitom rom azerbaijan-
elebs ar hyofniT Sveulmfrenebi, rom isini Camoasvenon. is Tvlis,
rom daiRupa 1000 adamianze meti, zogierTi yinvisganac, radgan
temperatura aq aRwevs minus 10 graduss.
meCeTTan, sadac datanjuli qalebi xelebs irtyaven mkerdSi,
erT-erTma ltolvilma rami nasirum mohyva, rom xalxs jer egonaT,
rom es iyo Cveulebrivi Tavdasxma srolis TanxlebiT, romelsac ad-
gilobrivi mosaxleoba miCveulia oTxi wlis manZilze. magram roca
maT dainaxes somxebi amofarebulebi javSantransportiorebs, na-
Teli gaxda, rom ver SesZlebdnen Tavis dacvas tyviamfrqvevebiT
da xelyumbarebiT, da gaiqcnen tyeSi. ramodenime xnis Semdeg daiwyo
mSvidobiani mosaxleobis amoxocva.
batoni nasiru Tvlis, rom misi coli da oTxi Svili aiyvanes
tyved da, imeorebs imas, rasac sxva ltolvilebi - rom xajalize
Tavdasxmisas somxebs exmarebodnen yifili sabWoTa jarebi. -es mar-
to Cemi azri ki araa, me amas vxedavdi Cemi TvalebiT,-Tqva man.
xalxi agdamSi isea gaboboqrebuli, rom Tanamegobrobis Seiara-
Rebuli ZalebisTvis, romlebic gahyavT anklavis dedaqalaq stefa-
naqerTidan, SeiZleba mTlad usafrTxoc ki ar iyos mTel qalaqze
gavla, ruseTisken moZraobisas. rogorc Cans, guSin 366-e motoms-
rolelma polkma gadado Tavisi dagegmili gasvla. Tanamegobrobis
SeiaraRebuli Zalebis warmomadgenlis TqmiT, isini iZulebulebi
iyvnen dascemodnen xojalis, imitom rom qalaqs iyenebdnen, ro-
gorc bazas stefanaqerTze SetevisaTvis.
umravi qali, azerbaijanuri tradiciisamebr, ikawravda loyebs,
raTa gamoCeniliyo e.w. ,,s isxliani cremlebi,, muxlmodrekili idga
saflavTan, da ganwiruli xmiT kvnesoda. saflavebSi, romlebic
morTulia TojinebiT, krZalaven axalgazrda adamianebs, romle-
bic apirebdnen daqorwinebas. Sua xnis mamakaci idga Tavisi biZaS-
vilis, abulfaT alievis saflavTan: is daibada 1963 wels, daiRupa
1992 wlis TebervalSi. ,,is orjer brundeboda tyeSi, raTa gadaer-
Cina bavSvebi da qalebi. mesame jerze is mokles. dawereT simarTle“-
Tqva am adamianma, romelic gamoxatavda saerTo azrs imaze, razec
dasavleTis presa gamodis qristianuli somxeTis mxareze da, zed-
miwevniT epyroba muslim azerbaijans.
meCetSi yofna xdeba ukve autaneli, magram yvelaze mZimed iyo
rkinigzis vagonebSi daWrilebis mdgomareoba. doqtorma eldar si-
151
rajevma baqodan gvamcno, rom 26 Tebervlidan samedicino daxmareba
miiRo 256 adamianma. nubar duniamalieva wevs mucelze, xolo zurg-
ze mas aqvs cecxlsasroli iaraRiT miyenebuli Wrilobebi - orive
gamavali da Semavali. is tyeSi iyo oTx bavSvTan da moxuc dedasTan
erTad da, SesZlo maTTan erTad gaqceuliyo. maT gaumarTlaT, rom
daWres azerbaijanelebis mier kontrolirebadi teritoriis Sori-
axlos da, maT SesZles xoxviT mieRwiaT TavianT jariskacebamde.
meore qirurgi-saTar iagubovi, baqos universitetidan, iTxovs
antibiotikebs. xojalimde mas sjeroda rom SesaZlebeli iyo mS-
vidobis damyareba, magram axla erTaderTi gadawyvetileba - misi
sityvebiT, iqneba mTiani yarabaRis gawmenda somxebisgan. -me saer-
Tos aRar SemiZlia somxebis danaxva. SurisZiebis wyurvili - ai aseT
civilizebul adamianebsac ki, rogorc doqtori iagubovia, uklavs
am konfliqtis daregulirebis wyurvils.
ukana gzaze mebrZolebma wagviyvanes sasaflaoze, saidanac awar-
moeben somexi snaiperebis (romlebic imalebian Soriaxlos mdebare
mindorze) poziciebis rekognoscirebas. roca SeamCnies Cemi SiSi,
erT erTma mkiTxa: - geSiniaT? exla Tqven iciT, ras grZnobdnen Cveni
qalebi.
eqimTa brigadam, romelic Camovida am regionSi ,,eqimebi saz-
Rvrebis gareSe“ organizaciisgan, guSin ganacxada, rom 35 000 mS-
vidobiani azerbaijaneli macxovrebeli miemarTeba azerbaijanis
dedaqala baqoSi, isini garbian ra aRdamidan, romelsac cecxls
uSenen somexi boevikebi.
masobrivi mkvlelobebis Semdeg, guSin baqoSi Zlierma opozi-
ciam ,,saxalxo frontis“ saxiT mouwoda gadamdgariyo prezidenti
aiaz mutalibovi. dRes azerbaijanis parlamenti Seikribeba sagange-
bo sesiaze, romlis drosac prezidenti mutalibovi, SesaZlebelia
Seejaxos udides zewolas imaT mxridan, vinc iTxovs mis gadadgomas.
somxeTis dedaqalaq erevanSi ki, isini vinc gadarCnen somxuri
Sveulmfrenis Camogdebas azerbaijanSi, yvebian rom isini moyvnen
srolebSi da Camovardnen cecxlmokidebulni, ris Sedegadac daiR-
upa ara nakleb 14 adamianisa.
152
trudi, 1992, 6 marti № 44
yarabaRis tragedia
aTasze meti
mokluli, maT So-
ris qalebi, bavSvebi
da moxucebi, asobiT
daWrilni, ugzo ukv-
lod dakargulni,
ayvanilni mZevlad
- aseTia somex bo-
evikTa mier azerbai-
janis qalaq xojalis
aRebis Sedegi. amaze
iyo gancxadebuli
pres-konferenciaze
adgilobriv da saz-
RvargareTis kore-
spondentebisaTvis,
romelsac organi-
zeba gaukeTa azer-
baijanis preziden-
tis pres-samsaxurma
baqoSi.
xojalis raionis
aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis meTaurma, e.mamedovma Tqva
rac moxda, masStabis sididiT, oTxwliani konfliqtis man-
Zilze ar momxdara aseTi tragedia. man moyva, rom 20 ianvri-
dan qalaqi imyofeboda srul blokadaSi: SuSas Soriaxlos
Camovardnili samoqalaqo Sveulmfrenis daRupvisa da in-
tensiuri srolebis Semdeg ki, Sewyda kidec ukanaskneli, sa-
haero kavSiri gare samyarosTan. rom kidec scodnodaT qa-
laqis damcvelebs Tavdasxmis Sesaxeb, maT ukve ar hqondaT
aranairi saSualeba moexdinaT qalebisa da bavSvebis evakua-
cia. xojalize ramodenime saaTiani masirebuli srolebis
Semdeg gadarCenilma mosaxleobam scada gamoeRwia dan-
greuli da ceclmokidebuli qalaqidan. magram boevikebi
mibjniT xvretdnen adamianTa kolonas, ar indobdnen arc
153
qalebs, arc bavSvebs. aRdamamde miaRwia 2 aTasze naklebma
adamianma. daRupulTa da daWrilTa garda, bevria moyinuli
adamiani, romlebic sastikad awames.
baqoSi, azerbaijanis respublikis parlamentis umaRlesi
sabWos Tavmjdomarem, elmira jafarovam sagangebo sesiaze
gamosvlisas, janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo gadadgoma
iTxova. deputatebma miiRes parlamentis Tavmjdomaris ga-
dadgoma. axal Tavmjdomared arCeulia azerbaijanis samedi-
cino universitetis reqtori, medicinis mecnierebaTa re-
spublikuri akademiis wevr-korespondenti i.mamedovi.
deputatebs mouwevT msjeloba situaciaze, romelic
Seiqmna mTiani yarabaRis nawilSi da, respublikis sazogadoe-
briv-politikur mdgomareobaze.
t. kasumova, baqo.
mxolod guSindeli dilisken damTavrda wina diliT, so-

mexi Seiararebuli formirebebis mier azerbaijanul sofel
sirxaqenTze (romelic ganlagebulia yarabaRis mTian nawil-
Si) dawyebuli srolebi. yarabaRis zonaSi Sinagan saqmeTa
sammarTvelos cnobiT, am dasaxlebuli punqtis masirebuli
srolebis Sedegad daiRupa aTamde adamiani, arian daWrilebi.
somexi formirebebis mcdelobam, guSin dilas javSanteqni-
kis mxardaWeriT CaegdoT xelSi sirxaqenTi - ganicada kraxi.
(azerinformi-tasi)
154
independenti, 1992, 6 marti
somxebs azerbaijanelebi yavT mZevlad
helen vomaki aRdamidan, azerbaijani
azerbaijanis oficialiri pirebis gancxadebiT, ara nak-

leb 600 mvidobiani macxovreblisa, savaraudod gadarCa ga-
sul kviras mTian yarabaRSi masobrivi mkvlelobebis Semdeg,
da exla aris mcdeloba daiwyos molaparakebebi maT ganTavi-
suflebaze somxeTis tyveobidan.
guSin sazRvrispira azerbaijanuli qalaq aRdamis proku-
rorma dakiTxa qalbatoni, xuTi mZevalidan erT erTi, ro-
melic gacvales oTxSabaTs, aseTive somxebis raodenobaze,
romlebic imyofebian aRdamSi dacvis qveS.
oci wlis durdana aRaevam, gasul kviras somxebis mier
aRebul daba xojalis telefonistma, mogviyva rom is imy-
ofeboda kameraSi daaxloebiT 30 sxva qalTan erTad, somxur
qalaq asqeranis miliciis ganyofilebaSi. man mogviTxro, rom
155
is iq gadaiyvanes mas Semdeg, rac somexma boevikebma daxoces
aTobiT, Tu ara asobiT misi mezoblebi xojalidan, roca is
opoves qalaqTan axlo mdebare tyeSi damaluli.
guSin masTan erTad iyvnen ganTavisuflebulebi misi Zma,
ori sxva gogona da bavSvi, magram isini iyvnen Zalian mZimed
daWrilni, rom SeZlebodaT daekiTxaT da, gadaiyvanes baqos
saavadmyofoSi.qalbatoni agaeva, Cacmuli Tbil Sav paltoSi,
romelic mas misces aRdamSi Casvlisas, gamoCnda prokuroris
kabinetSi koWlobiT, raTa fexSi aqvs cecxlsasroli iara-
RiT miRebuli Wriloba.
prokurorma zaxid Tagievma ganacxada rom, es xuTi ada-
miani iyo gacvlili somxebze, romlebic imyofebian cixeSi
sisxlis samarTlebriv danaSaulze, romelic maT Caidines
konfliqtamde, azerbaijanis teritoriaze. is uaryofda
cnobas imaze, rom azerbaijanelebi gegmaven gaanTavisuflon
ufro meti mZevali da, wamoiRon daRupulTa gvamebi, romle-
bic dRemde rCeba mTebSi, raTa gaecvalad benzinze, amasTan
erTad man aRiara, rom adre kerZo pirebi aseTi xerxiT anTa-
visuflebdnen TavianT naTesavebs .
xojalis dacemis Semdeg somxebi praqtikulad akon-
troleben mTian yarabaRs, qalaq SuSas gamoklebiT.
xalxis aboboqrebuli masa iZaxis, rom somxebs sWird-
ebaT mZevlebi, raTa ZaliT daawvinon isini yofili sabWoTa
SeiaraRebuli Zalebis win da, ar miscen saSualeba wavidnen
stefanaqerTidan. magram prokurori iZaxis rom, mas ara aqvs
amis mtkicebuleba da ar sjera rom, somxebi ase araadamianu-
rad moiqceviano.
qalbatonma agaevam mohyva, rom asqeranSi, mas da sxva
mZevlebs scemdnen, rom somxebi axdendnen maTze fsiqolo-
giur wamebas. „erTma Tqva rom momaWris Tavs. is ar xumrob-
da. magram meorem daawynara da sTqva, rom ukeTesi iqneba
gavcvaloTo. me uari ganvacxade wasvlaze elSadis gareSe
(elSadi misi Zmaa)“.
prokurorma aCvena azerbaijanelebis mier gadaRebuli
filmi daRupulebze xojaliSi, romelTa gvamebi momofan-
tulia mTebSi. muslimi azerbaijanelebi, romlebic brals
sdebeb dasavleTis presas qristianuli somxeTis am oTx-
wliani konfliqtis mxardaWeraSi da undaT, rom repor-
tiorebs mouyvnen mTels msofloios, rom maT ganicades
156
genocidi. es araa gadaWarbeba, araa eWvi imaSi, rom somxebma
mokles daucveli qalebi, bavSvebi da moxucebi, romlebic
gamorbodnen xojalidan. prokuroris sityvebiT, 200-ze meti
gvamia Camosasvenebuli da 1500 gvami SeiZleba kidev iyos da-
Tovlil mTebze.
ruseTis federaciis prezidentma boris elcinma gamo-
acxada konfliqtis zonaSi Tavisi SuamavlobiT axali geg-
mebis dasaxva, magram mgonia Sansebi, rom man an vinme sxva pir-
ma, SeiZleba raimes miaRwios - araa.
xojalis Semdeg azerbaijanelebs undaT Suri iZion da,
Tu politikosebi baqoSi mouwodeben TavSekavebisaken, meo-
mar mxareebs adgilze Zalian gauWirdebaT mxari dauWiron
maT moTxovnebs. magaliTad, aseTi xalxi rogorc razm ,,
yarabaRis Sevardnebis” yofili meTauri. yarabaRSi man da-
karga Svili, magram sTqva rom es Cveulebrivi gadasaxadia
omSi. is gacofda imaze, Tu rogor klavdnen somxebi qalebsa
da bavSvebs. isini male miiReben pasuxso. „somxebi kargad mic-
noben da, ician rom, me maT amas ar vapatieb,-sTqva man, -sanam
cocxali var, isini ar icxovreben yarabaRSi“.
moskovi. - rogorc gadmoscems saagento frans-fresi,
yvelaze mcire 57 adamiani daiRupa guSin mTian yarabaRSi,
azerbaijanel da somex SeiaraRebul Zalebis Soris Setakebi-
sas. dagupulTa siebze dayrdnobiT, romelic Sedgenilia
ramodenime sainformacio saagentoebis meSveobiT.
ruseTis sainformacio saagentom gadmosca, rom somxur
sofel yazanCize kontrolis damyarebis mizniT warmoebul
mZime brZolaSi daiRupa 25 kaci, xolo interfaqsma gvacnoba
15 somxis da 7 azerbaijanelis daRupvas sofel mardaqerT-
Tan brZolaSi; 10 adamiani daiRupa saraketo dartymisas, ro-
melic ganaxorcieles somxebma.
157
pravda, 7 marti,1992, №49
,,cxeli wertilebi” iiSleba frontis

xazis gaswvriv
xojalis tragedia
qalaqis aRmas-
rulebeli xelisu-
flebis meTaurma
elman mamedovma,
ramodenime saaTSi
dakarga 22 Tavisi na-
Tesavi, maT Soris de-
dac. alyaSemorty-
mul xojalize jer
ganxorcielda Zl-
ieri saartilerio
cecxli, yveba is. qa-
laqis mimarTulebiT
yvela mxridan mim-
dinareobda uwyveti
cecxli ,,alaznis,,
raketebiT, tankebis,
javSantranspor-
terebis da qveiTi
sabrZolo manqa-
nebis iaraRebidan.
mravalsaaTiani
gamanadgurebeli saartilerio momzadebis Semdeg, roca
garSemo yvelaferi iyo dangreuli da gadamwvari, javSnian
teqnikas amofarebulebi, ieriSze wavidnen somex boevikTa
qveiTebi. qalaqis mcirericxovanma damcvelebma da mSvido-
bianma mosaxleobam, romlebic im momentisaTvis cocxali
darCa, ukan daixies tyeebisken, da gzaze gadalaxes yinu-
liT dafaruli mdinare. mTeli Rame midioda Cveni fura qa-
lebiT, bavsvebiT, moxucebiT da daWrilebiT tyeSi. diliT
gamovediT tyis piras - imis iqiT gaSliliyo somxuri sofe-
li naxiCevaniki. ai aq dagvxvdnen Cven somexi boevikebi da,
daiwyes srola Cvens misamarTiT tyviamfrqvevebidan da av-
158
tomatebidan. umowyalod esrodnen cocxal dauZlurebul
samizneebs. iq daeca uamravi Cemi kuTxis axlobeeli da say-
vareli adamiani. me da Cemi Svidi megobari, SeiaraRebulni
avtomatebiT, vcdilobdiT maT gadarCenas, magram uSede-
god. yvela mxridan moWrilebma, Cven Tormeti saaTi viweqiT
Tovlze xeobaSi, da ar gvqonda saSualeba imisa, rom Tavebi
agvewia srolebis gamo.
aTaqiSi aTaqiSievi, qalaq xojalis prokurori:
- qalaqi aRigava miwisagan pirisa. daxmareba, romelsac
Cven ase velodeT, ara da ar movida.
es ki 366-e polkis jariskacebis - iuri iaxnoviCis, aleqsi
bogdanovis, pavle antipinis da pavle zuevis - polkidan gaq-
ceul jariskacTa morigi jgufis (romlebsac aRar surdaT
monawileoba mieRoT erovnebaTaSoriso konfliqtSi), monay-
olidan:
aleqsei bogdanovi: polkis bevri oficeri, lamis yvela
praporSCiki da jariskacTa nawili - somxebi arian. maT gamo-
hyavdaT RamRamobiT javSantransportiorebi sruli sabr-
Zolo kompleqtiT polkidan, dilas ki brundebodnen ,,cari-
elebi,,
omi afarToebs Tavis sazRvrebs da masStabebs.
zaur kadimbekovi
(,,pravdas“ kor.)
159
sandi Taimsi, 1992, 8 marti
azerbaijanelebs kursi aqvT srulmasSta-

bian omze. prozeqturebi ivseba gvamebiT
aRdamidan gadmoscems Tomas holci. man pirvelma gad-

mosca sisxlisRvraze, romelic moawyves somexma boevikebma
da, romelic aris yvelaze sastiki Setakeba sabWoTa kavSiris
daSlis Semdeg.
xojali iyo Raribi qalaqi, carieli maRaziebiT da WuWy-
iani quCebiT, romlebzec xeebic ki ar izrdeboda. magram es
iyo mSobliuri qalaqi aTasobiT adamianebisaTvis, romlebic
mSvidobiani cxovrebis dros amuSavebdnen miwas da eweodnen
sasoflo-sameurneo samuSaoebs. erTi kviris win is aRigava
miwisagan pirisa. somxebis mier xojaliSi mSvidobiani mo-
saxleobis amoxocva ganxorcielda.
somex boevikebs brals sdeben masSi, rom maT daxvrites
da xiStebiT Caxoces ltolvili azerbaijanelebi. am msxver-
plTa saboloo ricxvi albaT arasodes ar gaxdeba cnobili:
es raioni mTiani yarabaRis anklavSi blokirebulia, xolo
terotoriuli dava iqceva srulmasStabian omad.
guSin ramodenime asobiT azerbaijaneli jariskaci, 9 tan-
kis da 20 javSantransportioris mxardaWeriT Sevida anklav-
Si- romelzec pretenzias acxadebs azerbaijanic da somxeT-
ic da, gadavidnen sisxlimRvrel Setevaze, romlis drosac,
160
rogorc iuwyebian, iyo mokluli 200 somexi boeviki. mogvi-
anebiT somxeTma ganacxada, rom moigeria Seteva, romelic
daiwyo paraskevs saRamos qalaq asqeranze TavdasxmiT, ro-
melic imyofeba mTiani yarabaRis dedaqalaq stefanaqerTis
Soriaxlos.
Sturmi daiwyo mas Semdeg, rac gadadga azerbaijanis pre-
zidenti aiaz mutalibovi, romelic winaaRmegi iyo, gaefar-
Toebina Seteva somxebze. am Sturms aqvs SurisZiebis yvela
niSani.
roca sazRvrispira azerbaijanul qalaq aRdamSi modioda
saSineli cnobebi, xolo prozeqturebi ivseboda gvamebiT,
aRar rCeboda aranairi eWvi imisa, rom male xojalis carieli
gorakebic da xevebic mis garSemo iqceoda yvealze did sisx-
lian kalod im momentidan, roca daiSala sabWoTa kavSiri.
Tavdasxmamde ramodenime dRiT adre, xojalim icoda rom
ganwirulia. qalaqi ukve praqtikulad moWrili iyo samyaros
da, misi mcxovreblebi winaswarmetyvelebden sislxian Jle-
tas, roca somexi boevikebi ipyrobdnen anklavis azerbaijan-
ul qalaqebs, ZiriTadad dasaxlebulebs somxebiT.
gaqceva SesaZlebeli iyo mxolod SveulmfreniT, magram es
iyo Zalian saxifaTo - noemberSi da dekemberSi miwidan dam-
iznebiT daSavda 22 Sveulmfreni, magram sabednierod, Camog-
debuli iyo mxolod erTi.
me viyavi ukanaskneli adamiani dasavleTidan, romelic
iyo xojaliSi. es iyo ianvarSi, xalxi winaswarmetyvelebda
Tavis beds morCilebiT. zumruT evoia - oTxi Svilis deda:
romelic mofrinavda CemTan erTad CveulmfreniT qalaqSi,
am qalaqis macxovreblebs uwodebda ,,samizneebs, romlebic
elodnen, rodis esvrian“, is da misi ojaxis wevrebic gaxdnen
26 Tebervlis tragediis msxverplni.
qalaqi gaitruna daZabulobisagan. xalxi idga patara
jgufebiT quCebSi, erTmaneTs eCurCulebodnen da, elodnen,
rogorc TviTon Tvlidnen - gardauvals. RamRamobiT iyvnen
SeyuJulebi Tavis eleqtroenergiis gareSe darCenil sax-
lebSi (radgan eleqtroenergia didi xania gauTiSes) da Tbe-
bodnen sanTlis Suqze, usmendnen srolebis xmas, xolo maTi
161
qalaqis mciredi garnizoni, icavda qalaqis misasvlelebs so-
mexi milicionerebisgan.
„somxebma daikaves axlomdebare soflebi, erTi meoris mi-
yolebiT. mTavroba ki ar moqmedebs , - iZaxda balakiSi saqiqo-
vi, 55 wlis xuTi Svilis mama. - male isini gagvagdeben Cven, an
sulac mogvklaven yvelas,- iZaxoda misi coli dilbari. isini
oriveni, maTi sami vaJi da ori qaliSvili mokles Tavdasxmi-
sas, rogorc mravali sxva adamiani, romlebsac me velaparake.
zogierTi ukve garboda qalaqidan, ar SeuSinda Sveulmf-
reniT frenas, gza xom ukve gadaketili iyo, magram Semdeg da-
brundnen xojaliSi, radgan azerbaijanis mTavroba baqodan
ar awvdida ltolvilebs daxmarebas. isini iZaxdnen, rom uke-
Tesia mokvdnen yarabaRSi, vidre imaTxovron quCebSi. Semdeg
ukve aRarc Sveulmfrenebic frendnen.
datyvevebuli somxebisgan qalaqma gaigo rom male iqne-
boda Seteva. „Cven vexvewebodiT baqos, gaexsna sahaero ko-
ridori da gaeyvana qalebi da bavSvebi,- yveba erT erTi ga-
darCenilTagani, elmar mamedovi-xojalis meri, - mTavrobam
araferi ar gaakeTa. Cven gviRalates“.
25 Tebervals srolebi ukve xmauriani gaxda. somxebma
gaarRvies alya. maT gaxsnes saartilerio cecxli 20:30, da
daaxloebiT ori saaTis Semdeg Tavs daesxnen erTbaSad sa-
mive mxridan,- iZaxis mamedovi, - maT undodaT, rom Cven gavq-
ceuliyaviT maTi mwyobris centrisken. Cven ar gvqonda gamo-
savali“.
azerbaijanelTa jgufma daikava poziciebi, rom ukuegdoT
Seteva, xolo sxva azerbaijanelma milicionerebma waiyvanes
mSvidobiani mosaxleobis didi jgufi merTan erTad aRmosav-
leTisaken, samSvidoboze gasayvanad. „gamTeniisas Cven Sev-
ZeliT tyeebis meSveobiT gamovsuliyaviT adgilze, sul da-
farul buCqnariT, -yveba meri, -Soriaxlos gadioda somxebis
frontis xazi. Cven vicodiT, rom unda gadagvelaxa igi. iq
iyo gza da, Cveni kolonis pirveli jgufebi gaiqcnen am gziT.
Semdeg daiwyo jojoxeTi. tyviebi wvimasaviT modioda yvela
mxridan. Cven movxvdiT pirdapir xafangSi“.
azerbaijanel damcvelebs klavdnen erTi meoris miyole-
162
biT. gadarCenilTa sityvebiT, amis Semdeg somex boevikebma
daiwyes umowyalod yvelas kvla, ganurCevlad isrodnen xe-
vis mimarTulebiTac, sadac imaleboda xalxi. azerbaijaneli
operatoris videomasalebi, romelic Rrialebda, roca iReb-
da gvamebs, gviCveneben sikvdilis saSinel gzas, romelsac mi-
vyavdiT mTian, tyeebiT dafarul adgilas, sadac glexebi eZe-
bdnen TavSesafars somxebisagan.
„somxebi isrodnen da isrodnen,- yveba 55 wlis omer
veiselovi, romelic wevs aRdamis hospitalSi, namsxvreviTi
WrilobiT,-me vxedavdi Cemi coli da qaliSvili rogor dae-
cnen pirdapir Cems gverdiT“
adamianebi dabodialobdnen saavadmyofoebis derefneb-
Si axlobeli adamianebis ambebis molodinSi, zogi TavianT
brazs ucxoelebze iyridnen: -sadaa Cemi gogo? sadaa Cemi
biWi? - yviroda deda - gaupatiurebuli, mkvdari, dakarguli.“
azerbaijanelTa monayoliT, gaqcevisas daiRupa aranak-
leb 1000 adamianisa. somxebi amas uaryofen da amtkiceben,
rom mSvidobiani mosaxleoba moxvda ,,srolebSi“, am maso-
brivma mkvlelobebma azerbaijanSi gaaRviva ukmayofilebis
udidesi talRa, ramac miiyvana iqamde, rom prezidenti ga-
dadga.
misma wasvlam dabada molodini ufro xisti midgomisa,
romelic savaraudod gamyarebuli iyo azerbaijanelTa wi-
nadRis SeteviT. rogorc iuwyebian, 1000 jariskaci Sevida an-
klavSi somxeTis mier dakavebul soflebSi. „situacia Zalian
mZimea, - Tqva somxeTis Tavdacvis ministrma vazgen sarqi-
sianma, - somxebs tankebi da mZime SeiaraReba ara aqvT. azer-
baijanelebs ki aqvT“.
163
indefendenti, 1992, 8 marti
yarabaRi xdeba SurisZiebis msxverpli

helen vomaki aRdamSi CamosvlisTanave ejaxeba
amoxocvis mtkicebulbebs.
,,roca klaven somxebs, Tqven ubralod yvebiT amaze. roca

kvdeba Cveni xalxi, Tqven iZaxiT, rom isini ,,viTom mokleso“.
amas iZaxis azerbaijaneli jariskaci. is aCvenebda dasavle-
Tis reportiorebs mSvidobiani mosaxleobis gvamebs aRdamis
meCeTSi. isini iqnen moklulni somexi boevikebis mier, roca
maT xelT igdes xojali 25 Tebervals. ,,Tqven CamodixarT aq,
da gamoTqvamT sinanuls, magram Cven viciT, rom Tqven roca
waxvalT, dawerT sul sxva rames, - Tqva am jariskacma.
muslimi azerbaijanelebi darwmunebulebi arian, rom
dasavleTi simpatiiT aris qristianuli somxeTis mimarT,
am oTxwlian omSi mTiani yarabaRis anklavisaTvis brZola-
Si. somxebmac zustad ase ician, rom maTac ase warmoadgenen
msoflioSi. sxvebisTvis es aris danaRmuli veli.
Cemi Camosvlis win, am sazRvrispira azerbaijanis qa-
laq aRdgamSi, samSabaTs, somxeTis oficialuri pirebi
uaryofen, xojalis darbevis Semdeg mSvidobiani mosaxleo-
bis amoxocvas. maTi sityvebiT, azerbaijanelebma ara mxolod
gadaaWarbes danakargebis raodenobas, roca Tqves rom 1000
kacze metia daRupulio, aramed moawyves speqtakli, raTa
164
warmoeCinaT brZolaSi daRupulebi omis msxverplad. me ar
vicodi, visTvis damejera.
im dRes, me rom Cavedi aRdamSi, me wamiyvanes meCeTSi, sadac
iyo dalagebuli uamravi gvami. isini iyvnen sastikad dasaxi-
Crebulni (azerbaijanelebis TqmiT, ganzrax). -ratom marto
oTxi?-vkiTxe me jariskacs. -imitom rom, naTesavebma ukve da-
krZales aTobiT sxva. kidev ramodenime aseuli gvamia kidev
mTebSi darCenili, - Tqva man,- es oTxi gvami aravin ar waiRo,
albaT imitom, rom maTi naTesavebic daiRupnen.
yovel dRes moaqvs sul axali da axali mtkicebulebebi
imisa, rom klavdnen udanaSaulo adamianebs, isini SemTxveviT
ki ar moxvedrilan srolebSi. mocemul SemTxvevaSi eWvic ar
mepareba imaSi, rom ori kviris win azerbaijanelebi gaxdnen
somxebis sisastikis msxverplni. warsulSi yvelaferi iyo
piriqiT, ramdeni sisatike daugrovebia orive mxares, rom
momavalSi, albaT velodoT usasrulo SurisZiebas.
diliT adre, oTxSabaTs xalxis didi masa mogrovda aRda-
mis meCeTTaan. isini, vinc iq Seikriba iyvnen zogierTni xo-
jalis gadarCenili macxovreblebi, zogic naTesavi. isini
iyvnen sasowarkveTilebi, imitom rom, maTi sityvebiT, somxebi
esrodnen azerbaijanelebs, roca maT undodaT TavianTi gv-
amebis wamoReba, romlebic darCnen tyeSi. miliciis ufrosma,
polkovnikma raSid mamedovma gvamcno, rom xojalis mxolod
500-ma macxovrebelma miaRwia qalaqamde cocxali.
monayolebi tragediis irgvliv emTxveva erTmaneTs. es
iyvnen ubralo adamianebi. isini aRwerdnen, Tu somxebi ro-
gor moulodnelad daesxnen maT Tavs, da ieriSi ganaxor-
cieles qalaqze, maT mier iyo yvelaze Zlieri wina ieriSe-
bebTan SedarebiT, da mixvdnen, rom ver SeZlebdnen Tavis
dacvas, da daaxloebiT SuaRamisas gaiqcnen axlomdebare
tyeebisken. mere ltovilTa kolona rogor cdilobda gada-
suliyo asqeranis xeobiT aRdamTan, da diliT adre somexma
boevikebma rogor moaqcies xalxi xafangSi, da amoxoces qa-
lebi, bavSvebi, moxucebi da daWrilebi ganurCevliv. bevri
maTgani, vinc tyvias gadaurCa, gaiyina mTebSi da tyeebSi.
mewaRe ramiz naserus sjera, rom misi coli da Svilebi ari-
165
an tyveobaSi. man Tqva, rom TviTon dainaxa, yofili sabWoTa
armiis rusebi TavianTi javSantransporterebiT Tu rogor
umagrebdnen zurgs somxebs. sxva gadarCenilebic laparako-
bdnen imas, rom am xocva-JletaSi monawileobdnen rusebi.
SarSan somxebma brali dasdes sabWoTa kavSiris Sinagan
saqmeTa saministros imaSi, rom isini azerbaijanelebTan
erTad monawileobdnen reidebSi soflebSi, maSin geCvene-
boda rom, mixeil gorbaCovi dadga azerbaijanelebis gver-
diT anklavisaTvis brZolaSi. damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa
Tanamegobrobis warmomadgenlebi, romlebsac exla gamohy-
avT Tavisi darCenili jarebi mTiani yarabaRidan, axcadeben
rom am konfliqtSi isini yovelTvis ikavebnen neitralur
pozicias. me vfiqrob, rom SeiZleba ivaraudo, rom zogi-
erTi rusi oficeri gaurkvevlobis pirispir aris darCenili
da, saxlSi dabrunebamde, exmareba TavianT erTmorwmune
somxebs, rogorc maT mier daqiravebuli.
meCeTTan xalxis masam imata. mTeli azerbaijanidan aso-
biT adamiania Camosuli, raTa dakrZalon TavianTi naTesave-
bi. isini gagiJebulebi arian am sacodaobisagan, rame Tu jer
yvela gvami araa Camosvenevbuli. aRdamis mosamarTlem adil
qasimovma gvamcno, rom 200-mde gvami Camoasvenes mTebidan,
mara is Tvlis, rom iq darCa aranakleb 1500 gvamisa. xojalis
kidev 600 macxovrebeli unda imyofebodes somxebTan tyveo-
baSi.
aRdamis rkinigzis sadgurze matarebeli gadaaqcies
droebiT hospitlad, mas Semdeg, rac qalaqis saavadmyofo
iqna dazianebuli somxebis mier saartilerio srolebis
Sedegad, wina brZolebis dros. xojalize Tavdasxmis Semdeg
am matarebelSi gaiara mkurnaloba 256 pacientma.
ormocdasami wlis nubar duniamalieva jer kidev hospi-
talSia. is yveba rogor mococavda azerbaijanelebis pozi-
ciiebisken zurgSi tyviiT daWrili. misi ori Svili mirboda
masTan erTad, ori ki daikarga. samoci wlis saili zeinalo-
vam aiwia kaba da, maCvena natyviari adgili TeZoze. misi Svili
valide iyo masTan erTad, isic iyo daWrili fexSi. sailim
moyva, rom misi orive biWi mokles mis Tvalwin, sxvebi ki dai-
166
kargnen ugzo ukvlod.
matarebel-hospitlis eqimma eldar siraJevma miTxra rom,
moxda saSineli tragedia, msoflio ki Cumadaa. „dasavleTi
yovelTvis mxars uWerda somxebs“- imitom rom maT didi da
mWermetyveli diaspora hyavT,-ganacxada man.
Jurnalisti agasi baba-oRli, erT erTia naklebad cnobi-
li Jurnalistebidan, romlebic mzad arian scnon, rom somxe-
bic itanjebian. imedovnebs, rom ,,imperialisturi“ sabWoTa
jarebis wasvliT, da baqoSi demokratiuli mTavrobis arCe-
vis Semdeg, azerbaijanisa da somxeTis liderebi SeZleben
ipovon kompromisi mTiani yarabaRis problemaze. manamde ki,
azerbaijanis axali mTavroba gaagrZelebs brZolas mTiani
yarabaRisaTvis, romelic azerbaijanelebis TqmiT, sauku-
neebis manZilze ekuTvnodaT maT da, somxebis TqmiT maT da-
karges is, imitom rom leninma Secvala sazRvrebi.
„Cven vapatiebT somxebs maSin, roca isini gaeTrevian
yarabaRidan,- iZaxis iagub rzaevi, avtonomiis TavdacviT
razm ,,yarabaRis Sevardnebis“ WaRarawveriani meTauri. nam-
dvilad, guSin momeCvena, rom azerbaijanelebma ukve dai-
wyes SurisZieba imisaTvis, rac moxda xojaliSi. somxeTma
ganacxada, rom misi 200 mebrZoli daiRupa sadavo anklavze
mowinaaRmdegis axali Setevis dros.
167
,,airiS Taimsi,, 1992, 12 marti
krizisi mTian yarabaRSi
ser! Tqven mkiTxvels rom misceT
saSualeba, miiRos ufro obieqturi
mimoxilva situaciaze mTian yaraba-
gSi, saWiroa agreTve xazi gausvaT Sem-
deg punqtebs:
saqmis Sinaarsi imaSia, rom mTiani
yarabaRi aris azerbaijanis Semadgene-
li nawili. somxeTis terotoriuli
pretenziebi am regionze da maTi cdebi
Cecvalon misi statusi - aris mTavari
mizezi konfliqtisa. azerbaijans aqvs
ufleba aRadginos sazogadoebrivi
wesrigi mocemul konkretul regionSi, xolo adgilobrivma simxeb-
ma unda miiRon es aucilebeli piroba uyoymanod, ar vlaparakob
ukve dauSvebel Zalovan dapirispirebaze konstituciur xelisu-
flebasTan da terorizmze.
azerbaijanelebi, romlebic cxovroben mTian yarabaRSi, mud-
mivad imyofebian somxebis mxridan Tavdaxmis da saSiSroebis obi-
eqtad. im somxebisa, romelTa mizania sakuTari miwidan gandevnon
azerbaijaneli xalxi. amis Sedegia is, rom aTasobiT azerbaijan-
eli iZulebulia gaiqces sakuTari saxlebidan da soflebidan. ga-
sul kviras somxuri milicia sastikad gausworda 1000 mSvidobian
macxovrebel azerbaijanels, ganurCevlad mokla bavSvebi, qalebi
da moxucebi. es masobrivi mkvleloba unda iyos gamoZiebuli da
yvela damnaSave, gamonaklisis gareSe saTanadod dasjili.
meore mxvriv, rogorc Tqven aRniSneT saredaqcio statiaSi
9 marts, mesame pirebis Careva konfliqtSi, romelSic Rebulobs
monawileobas orive mxare, ufro daamZimebs situacias.
yvela sakiTxi, romlebic exeba mTian yarabaRs, unda wydebodes
molaparakebebis gziT azerbaijanelebsa da somxebs Soris, aranai-
ri sxva sagareo Carevis gareSe, im safuZvelze, rom sazRvrebi Sei-
Zleba iyos Secvlili marto am qveynebis mier, da mTiani yarabaRis
mcxovreblebi unda sargeblobdnen srulfasovnad adamianis ufle-
bebis dacviT.
aidin durusoi
TurqeTis saelCo, mrCeveli
merion roudi 60, dublini 4
168
izvestia, 1992, 14 marti № 62
mTiani yarabaRi:
omis Cveulebrivi saSineleba
vadim belixi, ,,izvestia”
Setevaze - avtobusiT.
danjRreuli avtobusi, bolomde gaWedili SeiaraRebuli
xalxiT, mihqroda naxevrad cariel aRdamis quCebSi. Sigada-
Sig asignalebda, da maSin mgzavrebi ,,kalaSnikovebiT“ xelSi
erT gundaT iwyebdnen lozungebis yvirils. sadRac win ismo-
da afeTqebis xma an srola, ucbad gaCerdeboda, Semdeg isev
ismoda afeTqebebis xma - es mimdinareobda azerbaijaneli
samxedro Zalebis meore dRis Seteva somxur sofel asqeran-
ze da, molaSqreTa razmi TavianT sruliad mSvidobiani ,,ekip-
aJiT“ Cqarobda SeerTebas Setevaze gadasul megobrebTan.
momwydeuli var viRacis kondaxis da foladis moa-
jirs Soris, uneblied Camovekide mZRol iusif badirovze,
romelmac arc ki mouklo siCqares da ise maCvenebda dakuWul
suraTs:
169
araviTari Sebraleba qalebisa da bavSvebis
foto: frederika lengeinis
170
cxedrebi ki mohqondaT
isini, visac gaumarTlaT?

171
maTi bralia?
aravin ar daSavebula...
172
Samil alekberdi (marjvnidan, ix, gv 29) exmareba
gadarCenilebs foto: frederika lengeinis
ltolvilebi matareblis vagonSi

173
gadarCenilebis, saeWvo pirebis an Sturmis molodinSi
sikvdili aravis ar indobs...

174
Soki, uZlureba, simware,
175
sicocxle mainc unda gagrZeldes
eqstremaluri savele hospitali - matareblis vagonSi

176
droebiT prozeqturaSi axlobeli adamianebis naxva...
dakrZalva Sehidebis sasaflaoze, baqo, 5 marti, 1992 w.

177
-es Cemi Zma tofikia. is aq ibrZoda saxalxo armiaSi. naRm-
satyorcni batareidan lamis aravin darCa, mxolod aTi kaci
daikarga ugzo ukvlod. me Camovedi baqodan da, minda vipovo
Cemi Zma - cocxali an mkvdari. guSin ukve viyavi brZolaSi.
marTalia jer xelyumbarebi momces, mara dRes ukve avtomati
maqvs...
mokled brZolaSi dRes molaSqreebi ar Caebnen. avto-
busma poziciebTan daamuxruWa da gamoacxades, rom Seteva
gaCerebuliao.
srolebi CaCumda, mxolod ,,gradi“ romelic damaluli
iyo xeobaSi, droTadro uSvebda Wurvebs mTis im mxares, said-
anac moCanda Soreuli soflis saxlebis saxuravebi.
mTavrdeboda yarabaRis omis momdevno dRe, mxareebs ukve
SeeZloT daeTvalaT morigi danakargebi - moklulni, daW-
rilni, datyvevebulni. asqerani vera da ver iqna aRebuli.
azerbaijanelebma, qveiTi sabrZolo manqanebis da javSan-
transporterebis mxardaWeriT SeZles sabrZolo wertilebis
CaxSoba da asqeranis misadgomebTan gaaswores miwasTan ori
patara somxuri sofeli -naxiCevaniqi da xanabadi.
operacia, romelic iyo Cafiqrebuli, rogorc SurisZieba
xojalisaTvis - dasrulda warumateblad.
.
xanZarze xelebs ar iTboben
yoveldRe dilidan aRdamis ,,saxalxo frontis,, gan-

yofilebasTan ikribeba xalxi. isini Camovidnen aq mTeli
azerbaijanidan, Tavisi daRupuli naTesavebis cxedrebis
gadasasveneblad. zogierTs bedma gauRima. moklulTa um-
ravlesoba imyofeba im adgilebSi, romelic dRes somxuri
formirebebis xelSia. patara qalaq stefanaqerTis (xanqen-
dis) sisxlian Srutrmze cota ram ar Tqmula, magram rac iq
namdvilad moxda, im saSineli Tebervlis susxian Rames, Cven
albaT didi xani ver gavigebT. axla ki jer jerobiT TviT-
mxilvelTa monayoli gvexmareba raRacnairad aRvadginoT
is movlenebi. -26 Tebervals me gamomyavda stefanaqerTi-
dan daWrilebi davbrundebodi ,,asqeranis kariT,,- meubne-
ba SveulmfrenTa eskadriliis meTauris moadgile, maiori
leonid kraveci,- TvalebSi momxvda qveviT raRac brWyviala
178
laqebi. daveSvi cota qvemoT da, davinaxe orasamde mokluli
adamiani, romlebic mimofantulni iyvnen mTis kalTebze. aqa
iq dadioda iaraRiani xalxi... Semdeg Cven daveSviT, vcdilob-
diT wamogveRo gvamebi. CvenTan erTad iyo adgilobrivi mi-
liciis kapitani, damaviwyda misi saxeli da gvari. man ipova iq
Tavisi oTxi wlis Svili damsxvreuli Tavis qaliT da Wkuidan
SeiSala. meore bavSvis gvami, romlis wamoRebac movaxerxeT,
aRmoCnda uTavod. dasaxiCrebuli qalebis, bavSvebis da mox-
ucebis gvamebs me vxedavdi yvelgan...
rogorc Tvlian, es iyvnen xojalis ltolvilebi, sadRac
800 metris manZilze azerbaijanelTa postebidan, maT elo-
daT Casafreba. saswaulad gadarCa erTi patara gogona....
am dapyrobil qalaqSi ukve maSin mimdinareobda aRvirax-
snili qurdobebi da mosaxleobis cema-tyepa. murvaT mama-
dovasTan Sevardnen Ramis sam saaTze. am droisaTvis misi
qmari iyo mZimed daWrili TavdacviT xazze, oro ufrosi
Svili aiyvanes tyved. sam patara SvilTan erTad gamoaTries
loginis qvemodan, mis Tvalwin mokles mezoblis qali Tavis
qaliSvilTan erTad, Semdeg awames, mosTxoves fuli da Zvir-
faseulobebi. Semdeg - isini mZevlebi aiyvanes. Semdeg- gan-
Tavisufleba da saSineli xvedri ltolvilisa: usaxlkarod,
siRaribeSi, usasrulo molodinSi tyveobaSi darCenili ax-
loblebis bedze. sul ki azerbaijanelebi afaseben TavianT
daRupulebs xojaliSi daaxloebiT aTas xuTasamde. ZiriTa-
dad es arian mSvodobiani macxovreblebi, kidev Svidasamde
iricxeba mZevlebSi. me mowme var imisa, Tu rogor gamodiod-
nen aRdamTan meTormete dRes Sturmis Semdeg -moyinulebi,
ConCxebis msgavsni, Wkuidan SeSlilebi...
da mainc aq bevri ram aris damafiqrebeli. somxurma mxarem
erTi TviT adre gaafrTxila, rom iqneboda Tavdasxma, magram
araferi ar gakeTebula azerbaijanis mxridan, raTa qalaqi-
dan gaeyvanaT mSvidobiani mosaxleoba. alyaSemortymuli
soflis blokadis garRvevis samxedro operacia ramodenime
jer gadaido. SveulmfrenebiT mosaxleobis gamoyvanis mcd-
elobebi vera da ver ganxorcielda. rogorc yvebian saswau-
lad gadarCenili azerbaijanuli razmebis mebrZoleni, rom-
lebic icavdnen xojalis, sisxliani ambebis dawyebamde maT
Seuwyvites tyvia-wamlis, medikamentebis da produqtebis
miwodeba. im Rames isini iZulebulebi iyvnen daxvedrodnen
179
mowinaaRmdeges, romelic utevda maT poziciebs javSante-
qnikiT, praqtikulad carieli xelebiT. Tavisdauneburad,
magram sastiki kvanZis gaxsna mzaddeboda orive mxridan.
mZevlebad ki am TamaSSi gaxda asobiT udanaSaulo adamiani....
gmirebi RmerTis gangebiT
Zalian axlos daigruxuna.

- mgoni ocdameSvidea?- kiTxvis niSnad Semomxeda me aRda-
mis ,,saxalxo frontis“ ganyofilebis mmarTvelobis wevrma
rusTam hajievma.
Cven vijeqiT bavSvTa Semoqmedebis yofili sasaxlis
pirvel sarTulze, romelic dRes gadaqceulia raRac saSua-
lod Stabsa, samxedro sawyobsa da yazarmis msgavsad, Cveni
laparakisas vcdilobdiT dagveTvala sibneleSi qalaqze
Camogdebuli afeTqebuli Wurvebis raodenoba. saerTod
aRdamze srolebs awrmoebem meTodurad sxva da sxva six-
SireebiT. magram - mTeli dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi. ZiriTadad
,,alaznisa“ da ,,kristalis“ WurvebiT. mSvidobian dros maT
iyenebdnen Rrublebis gasafantavad, Weqa-quxilis sawinaaR-
mdegod. dRes ki orive mxare warmatebiT cdilobs gamoiyenos
misi Wurvebi erTi meoris gasanadgureblad. maTi momakvdine-
beli da damangreviTi Zala mainc da mainc didi araa, magram
fsiqologiuri zewola aqvs udidesi. aRdamis macxovreble-
bidan aravian araa dazRveuli imisgan, rom Semdeg wamSi ar
iqneba mokluli Wurvis afeTqebiT an morigi ,,kristali“ ar
daecema mas Tavze.
ai aq agdamSi -arian monawileebi didi da saSineli la-
tariisa: -an moigeb - an waageb....
-damijere, Cven SegveZlo davxmarebodiT xojalelebs, -
marwmunebs rusTami,- iyo Zalebis da saSualebebic. magram
respublikis xelmZRvanelobas undoda eCvenebina xalxisT-
vis - ai Cven ar gvaqvs Zalebi da isev moewviaT dasaxmareblad
dsT-s armia. am armiiT ki CaaxSobda opoziciasac.
asea es Tu ara, dro gviCvenebs. azerbaijanSi izrdeba ukmay-
ofileba Tavisi erovnuli SeiaraRebuli Zalebis moqmedebe-
biT. miuxedavad yvela molodinisa, mTiani yarabaRidan dsT-s
jarebis gayvanis Semdeg somxebma ara marto moigeries Tavisi
180
mowinaaRmdegis yvela Seteva, aramed daipyres da daangries
54 azerbaijanuli sofeli da daba mTels avtonomiur olqSi.
odesRac mSvidobiani aRdami gaxda frontispira qalaqi. ro-
gorc iZaxian, somxuri razmebi kargad arian SeiaraRebulni,
disciplinirebulni da kargad gansawavlulni, iyenebeb sa-
tyuara Casafrebebs, snaiperebs da mesangreebs.
maT mowinaaRmdegeebs jer jerobiT araferi ara aqvT Ta-
vis satrabaxod. aRdamis frontze moqmedeben azerbaijanu-
li miliciis qvedanayofebi, erovnuli armiis batalionebi
da ,,saxalxo frontis“ SeiaraRebuli razmebi. yvela am sxva
da sxva feris ,,jarebs,, aqvT javSantransporterebi, tankebi,
qveiTi sabrZolo manqanebi, artileria da formalurad imy-
ofeba erTiani sardlobis qveS. mara namdvilad ki saqme sxva-
nairadaa. meavtomateTa aTmeTaurs ZaluZs imoqmedos Tavisi
WkuiT da sulac ar daekiTxos zemodan brZanebas. qalaqi sav-
sea xalxiT lamaz foTlebian tanisamosSi, xelSi avtomate-
biT an xelyumbarebiT, romlebic garWobili aqvT yvela jibe-
Si, romlebsac araferi ara aqvT saerTo samxedro saqmesTan,
garda TavianTi baqibuquri gamoxedvisa....
frontze -taqsiT
axali dila alyaSemortymul aRdamSi daiwyo qalaqis ko-

mendantis polkovnik mamedovis morigi brZanebiT: ,,sabrZo-
lo poziciebze Camosuli korespondentis miyvanis mcdelo-
bisaTvis -30-dRiani patimroba“. mogvianebiT mixsnian, rom es
zoma gamowveulia imiT, rom jer erTi ufrTxildebian Jur-
nalistebis usafrTxoebas, meore ki imiT ,,rom maTi rigebis
80% Seadgenen sxva da sxva specsamsaxurebis agenturas,
romelTac aqvT mizani -reportaJebi ki ar moamzadon, aramed
awarmoon sadazvervo muSaoba moskovsa da erevnis sasarge-
blod,,
magram es brZaneba, rogorc sxva bevri brZanebebi, aR-
moCnda Seusrulebeli. keTilganwyobili pirobebis Seqmnisas
,repoertiorebs (maT ricxvSi mec, xSirad meZleoda saSuale-
ba movxvedriliyavi wina postebze, an taqsiT an sxva manqaniT,
da menaxa gaocebuls didi gamagrebebis sanacvlod... qvebis
ukan, arxebSi, TovlSi mjdomi uswavleli pirtitvela jaris-
181
kacebi. jariskacebs ar SeeZloT ramenairad maT Tavze meore
mxridan mozuzune tyviebisgan Tavi daecvaT. aseTi ,,taqti-
kis“ sul axal da axal sulisSemZvrel faqtebs vawydebi aq
praqtikulad yovel dRes.
roca yaraCais postidan azerbaijanelma samxedroebma
dainaxes somxebis 2 qveiTi sabrZolo manqana, romlebic mo-
dioda sofel naxiCevaniqidan asqeranSi, cecxli gauxsnes
dauyonebliv, sabednierod qveiTi sabrZolo manqanebi idga
axlosve. moxvedriT ver moaxvedres, magram moefarnen sa-
Rore fermas. pauza iyo xanmokle. Tavdapirvelad Setakebis
adgilas gamoCndnen Sveulmfrenebi, Semdeg saRore fermidan
gamoCnda damaluli sabrZolo manqana da pirvelsave gasro-
liT mimofanta posti: ori azerbaijaneli mebrZoli daiRu-
pa adgilze, ori daiRupa cota mogvianebiT, oTxi ki daiWra.
daiwyo saSineli panika. am brZolis monawilisgan aravis ar
SeeZlo moeyva: ra iyo Semdeg? maT moeCvenaT, rom somxebi
wamovidnen ieriSiT maT mimarTulebiT da gamudmebiT esrod-
nen yvela mxridan.nramdenime dRis Semdegac azerbaijanuli
armiis jariskacebi, romlebic morigeobdnen aq, SiSiTac ki
ar midiodnen im tragediis adgilas.... am postze yvelaferi
Zveleburad darCa, sisxlis gubeebi, dacxriluli karavi, mi-
mofantuli qudebi, Wiqebi romliTac isini svavdnen Cais...
....asqeranze Setevis win, rogorc wesi, samxedro teqnikis win
gauSves samxedro buldozeri ganaRmvisaTvis. magram mZgol-meqa-
nikoss daaviwyda Camoewia specialuri amwe. Sedegad dajavSnulma
manqanam muxlixoebiT gadauara erTianad or tanksawinaaRmdego
naRms. manqana gamovida mwyobridan, xolo misi gulmaviwya mZRolo
damtvreuli fexebiT aRmoCnda hospitalSi.
aseTi magaliTebi - uamravia. magram aravis ar aswavlis.
amitomac yvelaze brZolisunariani Zalad jer jerobiT rCe-
ba azerbaijanis ,,saxalxo frontis,, SeiaraRebuli razmebi,
romlebic Sedgeba ZiriTadad adgilobrivi mosaxleobisgan
an respublikis sxva raionebidan Camosuli xalxisgan, rom-
lebmac dakarges axloblebi yarabaRSi. magram saerTo sura-
Tis Secvala maT ver ZaludT.
umaRles xelmZRvanelobas ki urCevnia samxedro waru-
matebloba Camoweros somex formirebebisadmi yofili sab-
WoTa armiis da sxva sazRvargareTel daqiravebulebis dax-
marebas.
182
iRbliani jariskacebi
Cems win mjdomi oTxi biWi cotaTi morcxvobs, da saubari
Tavidan ver gamogvdis. me TviTon ar vicodi rogor dameZaxa
maTTvis : dezertirebi, gadamrbenlebi Tu ubralod gamoq-
ceulebi... pavle zuevi sverdlovskis oqidanaa, iuri iaxovi-
Ci yirimidanaa, penzenelebi arian aleqsi bondarevi da pavle
antipini. yvelani aw ukve yofili jariskacebi, stefanaqer-
Tis 366-e ararsebuli polkisa, bedis da meTaurebis nebiT
gadmosrolilni iqnen usaSinlesi erovnuli konfliqtis
SuagulSi:
- polkSi Cven movxvdiT saswavlo momzadebis Semdeg sa-
maridan, - yvebian isini,- saerTod Cven gvamzadebdnen ger-
maniaSi gasagzavnad. magram visac raime daavadeba hqonda,
gamouSves amierkavkasiaSi. xeli mogvawerines patakebze
winaswar, rom winaaRmdegi ara varT. Semdeg - daiwyo! forma
wagvarTves, mis magier mogvces raRaca daglejili tansacme-
li. puri - ara, marili - ara, werilebi saxlidan - ara. gvZinavs
-cariel matrasze. erT weliwadSi davibaneT or jer... mTeli
polki - ukanaskneli rigiTidan ufros meTauramde tilebSi
arian... maTi nakbenebisgan fexebi gvilpeba. waxval sannawilSi
da geubmnebian : -saxlSi imkurnalebo. abebi, nemsi - gadaixade.
polkSi samoqalaqoebi Tavisuflad dadian, gTavazoben ad-
gilobriv TuTis arays, saidan aqvs jariskacs fuli? biWebi
moelaparakebian yarauls, ,,paraven“ maT patronebs, yidian,
im fulze - svamen. ase dadian nawilSi mTvralebi -jariskacebi
da oficrebi. gamudmebuli Cxubebia. hauptvaxtaSi moxvdebi,
iq saerTod ubeduri adgilia. Rame modian oficrebi joxe-
biT: gcemen, gvaiZuleben vixoxialoT asfaltze, zamTarSi
asfaltze wyals asxamen. adgilobrivebTan iseTi urTierTo-
bebi aqvT - ver gaigeb. roca Cven SuSas vesrodiT tankebidan,
yvelaferi kargad iyo. roca somxebi movidnen, sakontrolo
gamSveb punqtze mokles yazaxi jariskaci, pirdapir TvalSi
gasroliT, meore daWres.
pirveli batalionis meTauri moelaparaka raRacaze saa-
rtilerio divizionis meTaurs: rogorc eseni wavleno sa-
brZolo morigeobazeo, da daiwyeben teqnikis gamoyvanaso ,
daiwyebeno yarabaRidan garRvevaze wasvlaso. polkis meTau-
rma gaigo es ambavi da moxsna isini morigeobidan. magram ja-
183
riskacebi main garbian. dReSi sami-xuTi kaci. Tumca es saxi-
faToa. Cvens mexsierebaze ori kaci gaiqca. ramodenime dRis
Semdeg movida ambavi, rom xojalisa da asqerans Soris gvami
gdiao - waiReTo. aRmoCnda aleqsandre goroxovi, saartile-
rio divizionidan, misi meore megobari ver ipoves.
erTxel erTad gaiqca TerTmeti adamiani. midiodnen gzaze
TeTri droSiT. mardaqerTis raionSi gauxsnes cecxli. aRda-
mamde cocxlebi movidnen mxolod eqvsni. kidev ori morbe-
nali somxebma daiWires da gacvales ukan polkSi-800 litra
saliarze. Semdeg esrodnen, saswaulad gadarCnen.
oqtombridan RamRamobiT, polkidan daiwyes gasvla Ra-
mis morigeobaze. magram marto oficrebi da sando Zveli
mosamsaxureebi, ZiriTadad mZRol-meqanikosebi, xandaxan
dammizneblebic, qveiTi javSniani manqanebiT, tankebiT da
zarbaznebiT. dilas brundebodnen mTvralebi, mTeli sabr-
Zolo kompleqti gaxarjuli hqondaT. jariskacebi yvebod-
nen, rom jer svamdnen boevikebTan erTad, xolo Semdeg maT
mier miTiTebul azerbaijanul soflebs esrodnen.
ai aseTia dsT-s armiis neitraliteti. garda amisa, aris
kidev uamravi mtkicebuleba imisa, rom 366-e polkis sabrZo-
lo teqnikam iTamasa sabediswero roli xojalis SturmSi,
roca sacecxle mxardaWeras ukeTebda Setevaze gadasul
somxur razmebs. samarTlianobisTvis avRniSnav, rom samx-
edroebi ar gamoxataven raime gansakuTrebul simpaTiebs me-
brZoli mxareebisadmi. aseve gulgamodebiT anadgurebdnen
isini somxebs, am erTi wlis win sofel geTaSenis raionSi,
marTunaSenSi da voskeparSi. maSinac azerbaijanelebma ve-
raferi arabunebrivi ver SeamCnies...
184
moskovskie novosti, 1992, 15 marti
xojaliSi darCnen mxolod daxocilebi
me Camovedi gadaRebaze
stefanaqerTSi 25 Teber-
vals, rogorc aRmoCnda am
movlenebTab dakavSire-
biT. im RamiT somxurma
razmebma SturmiT aiRes
sofeli xojali, saidanac
azerbaijanuli Zalebi es-
rodnen stefanaqerTs da,
sadac mdebareobs erTad-
erTi mTels mTian yarabaRSi
aeropoerti.
eqimebTan erTad me miv-
diodi moieriSeTa eSelon-
Si. xojalidan ramodenime
kilometrSi, Cven davinax-
eT, rom pirdapir Cvensken
moZraobs sibneleSi raRaca,
rac hgavs ,,Rrubels”. Cven
mogvesma kvnesa da yvirili
azerbaijanul da somxur en-
ebze, gineba. ,,Rrubeli” aRmoCnda xalxis masa. naxevrad
Cacmuli xalxi, uamravi bavSvi...
ès Turq-mesxebi ariano, Cven isini tyved aviyvaneT”- agvixsnes
maT badragSi myofma somexma jariskacebma.
TurqTa jgufSi yvelaze bolos modioda qalbatoni sami SviliT,
fexSiSvela, TovlSi, is Zlivs gadaadgildeboda, xSirad vardeboda.
aRmoCnda, rom yvelaze patara misi Svili sul ori dRisa iyo. ori
dRe!
me aviyvane es bavSvi xelSi da wavedi maTTan erTad. cremlebi
gvdioda Cven orives -mec da im qalsac. Ramea, areuldareulobaa...
Tumca me tansacmelze mqonda niSnebi, romlebiTac SeiZleboda
Cemi sxvisgan garCeva, miuxedavad amisa, erTi orjer kondaxiT mec
Camartyes da Semagines, rom Cqara mevlo. me vicodi, rom araferi
memuqreboda, magram raRac momentSi vigrZeni, rom me tyveobaSi var.
185
aravis usurveb.
dilas me aRmovCndi xojaliSi. sofeli iwvoda. quCebSi eyara gv-
amebi. mxolod me movTvale Svidi mokluli, erTi miliciis formaSi.
Semdeg Cven movxvdiT avtomatur jerSi. isrodnen erT-erT saxlSi
gamagrebuli azerbaijaneli omonelebi.
brZola am saxlidan gagrZelda saRamomde da damTavrda somx-
uri mxarisTvis ori daRupuliT da ramodenime daWrilis saxiT. ra
bedi ewiaT omonelebs: daiRupnen Tu SeZles bindSi wasvla- me ar
vici.
366-e motomsroleli polkis jariskacebi xojalis Sturmis
dros ar minaxavs. magram sajariso javSanteqnikas da saartilerio
damuSavebas, romelic Tan sdevs Setevas, vakvirdebodi sakuTari
TvalebiT.
....or dReSi Turqebi gaanTavisufles. miiyvanes frontis xaza-
mde asqeranis raionSi, aCvenes gza da - wadiTo. marTalia, yvelani
ar gaunTavisuflebiaT, 10 mamakaci datoves mZevlebad. TumcaRa,
somxebis aRiarebiT, am mZevlebs ver gacvli sawvavis erT kasrSiac.
isini aravis ar sWirdebaT, isini aravisni ar arian. jariskacebi,
romlebic icavdnen Turqebs, epyrobodnen maT adamianurad. Jana
galstianma, yarabaRis winaaRmdegobis erT-erTma xelmZRvanelma,
Camoutana bavSvebs nivTebi. SeiZleba yarabaRis somxebi grZnoben,
Tu rogor waagavs Turqi mesxebis bedi maT sakuTar mdgomareobas?
tyved myofi Turqi-mesxebi yvelaze saSinelia, rac me vnaxe am
dReebSi xojaliSi. am xalxs, romlebic sami wlis win gamoiqcnen uz-
bekeTidan, da azerbaijanis xelisuflebis mier miecaT saSualeba
ecxovraT mTian yarabaRSi, samxedro moqmedebaTa zonaSi. maT So-
ris, vinc aiZules daetovebinaT xojali, iyvnen moxuci qalbatone-
bi, romlebsac kargad unda axsovdeT 1944 wlis deportacia saqarT-
velodan. axla dadga maTi mesame gandevna.... ukanaskneli?
viqtoria ivleva
186
moskovskie novosti, 1992, 15 marti
187
miliaTi. 4 marti. 1992 weli
me vnaxe masobrivi mkvleloba karabaxSi
raxber baSiroglu
me, karabxSi davibade da gaviz-
arde da mis erT kenWze ar gav-
clidi yvelaze ulamazes qalaqze
mTian SveicaiaSi. Cemi mSobliuri
sofeli-aris miwieri samoTxe, ma-
gram dRes Cemi soflis ReleSi
sisxli moedineba. es sisxli aTa-
sobiT Cemi Tanamemulisaa, sadac
ar unda gaixedo; quCebSi, buCqebis
Ziras-somexTa xiStis mier mucel
gamofartuli, frCxileb daxsnili
(amoclili) yureb da cxvirmoWri-
li cxedrebi yria Cemi axloblebis
da mezoblebis, Sublze da xelze
Camqrali sigaretis kvaliT, Tva-
leb daTxrili gvamebis, romelic
Cemi axloblebisaa. es aris Cems
mier nanaxi mcire nawiliim saSinel-
bisa rac iq trialebs, magram aris
uamravi TviTmxilvelis mier
monayoli, ris gamoc guli nawilebad skdeba.
axlSobili jer rZes wovda mere sisxls
`Cven SevxdiT Cvens Tanamemamuleebs karakais tyeebSi. maT iZule-

biT daatovebines mSobliuri adgilebi. TvaldaTxrili adaminebi
midiodnen oRond ar icodnen saiT. viRacas yurebi qonda daWrili,
viRacas cxviri. mixuci, romelmac somexTa Tavdasxmis Sedegad fexi
dakarga, gaiyina da mokvda..“
amas yveboda moxaliseTa armiis erT-erTi meTauri, romelic
cremls ver ikavebda.
magram is rac movismine meore TviTmxilvelisagan yvelze saSine-
lia.
,,mokles axlgazrda qali, romelic ZuZus aWmevda axalSobils.
188
qals moaWres mkerdi, romliTac is baSvs rZes aWmevda, moWrili
mkerdi ki bavSvis pirSi darCa . eqvsi Tvis bavSvi jer rZes wovda
xolo Semdeg sisxls. Semdgom baSvi gaiyina da mokvda”.
Tavis mosaazreba genocidis Sesaxeb gamoTqva xodjalinis muni-
cilepatitis xelmZRvanelma elman maxmetovma, romelic simwriT am-
bobda<< arc germaneli faSitebi meore msoflio omSi arc jarebs
vietnamis omSi ar yofilan aseTi daundobeli da sastikni,magram
karabaxSi somxebma Caidines es gaugonari sisastike Cvens winaaRm-
deg- Turqi-azerbaijanelebis winaaRmdeg”.
TviTmxilvelebi yvebian
me yovel sofelSi velaparakebodi am am sisastikis TviTmxilve-

lebs romelSic viyavi, samocdaaT wlis husein ibragim -oRlu erT-
erTi maTgania:
,,me Turqi var. stalinis dros Cven deportirebuli viyaviT ax-
iskidan, gorbaCovis dros - uzbekeTidan, magram me arsad ar minax-
avs aseTi sastiki damokidebleba Cvens mimarT. somxebma or saTSi
dawves Cveni sofeli, is mTlianad cecxlSi iyo, rodesac isini
klavdnen Cvens Svilebs da axlSobilebs isini yvirodnen : ,, Tqven
Turqebi xarT da unda mokvdeT!”
samoci wlis muxucis bebia xaTunis istoria kidev ufro mwarea:
,,somxebma Cems Tvalwin mokles Cemi orive SviliSvili. maT, mec
damWres. somxebi yvirodnen: ,,Cven Sen ar mogklavT, magram Seni
SviliSvilebi Sens Tvalwin unda mokvdnen“ me vemudarebodi maT ar
moeklaT baSvebi da me movekaliT, magram isine me ar mismendnen”.
ocdasami wlis nacionaluri gvardiis jariskacma nizami sul-
tan oRlum ase gadmogvca nanaxi.
,,xojalis raion sofel karakais mcxovreblebi, somexma jaris-
kacebma tankebiT gasrises da ormoebSi Cayares”
189
miliaTi. 4 marti. 1992 weli
dasavleTma adgilze naxa somxebis mier masobrivad

moklulebi. rusi jariskacebi aRiareben :
„maT undodaT, rom Cven gveoma azerbaijanelbis
winaaRmdeg”
,,mwvane gorakebze yvelgan sikvdilis

suni trialebs”
ucxoeTis ambebis samsaxuri
sng jarebis ukandaxevis dros cnobili gaxda rom maT da somex

jariskacebs Soris moxda Setakeba. ukan daxeulma rusma jaris-
kacebma ganacxades : ,,somxebs undodaT rom Cven gvewarmoebina sabr-
Zolo moqmedeba azerbaijanelbis winaaRmdeg”.
karabaxis gorakebze- somexi faSistebis mier moklulu gvamebi
yria. jurnalistebi romlebic vertmfenebiT Camofrindnen, Tavin-
Ti TvaliT naxes es saSineli sasaklao romlic aq moawyves somxebma
mSvidobiani azerbaijanuli mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg. isini gaxdenen
mowmeebi udanaSaulo adamianebis mimarT gamoCenili sisastikis.
safrangeTis axali ambebis saagentos afp reportiorma ocdaacam-
etamde gvami daiTvala- romelTa umravlesoba qalebi, bavSvebi da
moxucebi iyvnen. am sisxlian gorakebze dafiqsirebul iqna or-
moocdaaTamde daRupulis cxedari, romelnic mibjniT iyvnen dax-
vretili. cnobilia, rom es daRupulebi somxebis mier okupirebu-
li sofel xodjalis mkvidrni iyvnen. es faqtebi dadasturebulia
iqidan, rom ocdaaTertmet maTgans aRmoaCnda piradobis damadas-
turebuli dokumenti, romelic amas adasturebs. rogorc azer-
baijanelebma gancxades, danarCeni oci gvami moxaliseebis mier
gadatnil iqna agdamis meCeTSi. erT erTi vertmfrenis pilotis
gancxadebiT gorakebze, romelic axlos aris somexTa jarebis gan-
lagebasTan jer kidevTurqebis bevri gvamia yria , romelTanc miax-
loeba SeuZleblia.
32 wlis adgilobrivi mcxovrebis zaxid jabarovis gancxadebiT,
romelmac am saSinel movlenebSi dakarga coli da Svili afp-s saa-
gentos ganucxada, rom amocnobil iqna 62 gvami, romelic agdamis
meCeTSi imyofeba
190
191
somexTa da sng Setakeba

meore mxrv SeSlili somxebi saomar moqmedebas awarmoeben sng
jarebis mimarT. sng regionaluri razmis meTauri, kapitani sufien
beppaevi adasturebs Tavis interviuSi, romelic man TbilisSi misca
jurnalistebs, rom, sng jarebis nawili, romelic karabaxidan ukan
ixevs , awarmoebs brZolebs stepankertis farglebs gareT. beppae-
vma asev gancxada rom brZolebi mimdinareobda sofel balurtaz-
Tan. mas Semdeg rac wina kviraSi sng jarebis mTavrsardalma evgeni
SapoSnikovma gasca brZaneba jarebis ukandaxevaze, romlebic kara-
baxSi imyofebodnen, jarebis nawilma xankendisTan ukandaxeva dai-
wyo.
moklulia rusi samxedro mosamsaxure
amave dros cnobili gaxda , rom am sagamos sabrZolo Setakebis

dros moklul iqna sng jariskaci.. sng oficialurma samxedrom
warmomadgenlma moskivSiTavis gancxadebaSi daadastura infor-
macia serJant a. ruderis sikvdili, romelic daiRupajarebis ukan
daxevis dros ganxorcielbuli Tavdasxmis Sedegad. oficialurma
warmomadgenlma ganacxada, rom jer ucnobia, romelma mxarem ganax-
orciela Tavdasxma. saagento interfaqsma gaavrcela informacia,
rom SeCerebulia motorizebuli Zalebis ukandaxeva da es divizia
elodeba axal brZanebas, rom ukandaxeva gaagrZelos
oTxi jariskacis aRsareba
cnobili gaxda saxmeleTo jarebis 366 motorizebuli polkis

oTxi jariskacis gulaxdili gancxdeba, rom maT axalisebdnen, rom
ebrZolaT azerbaijanlebis winaaRmdeg da amas amarTlebdnen imiT
rom es ,,maTi wminda vali“ iyo.. rogorc azerbaijanuli saagento assa
irade iuwyeba, jariskacebi; pavel antonovi, iuri liakoviCi, pavel
zuevi da aleqsei bondarevma gancxades, rom isini rusi qristianebi
arian da rom unda ibrZolo somexi qristinebis mxares azebaijaneli
muslimebis winaaRmdeg. amave saagentos cnobiT, 20 Tebervals 366
polkis es jariskacebi TavianTi nawilidan (gaiqcnen )moaxdines
dezertiroba. somxebis mier okupirebuli soflis xodjalis aRmas-
rulebli komitetis meTaurma elman mamedovma gancxada, rom mopa-
192
rul iqna TuTxmeti rusi oficris cxedari, rom gaenadgurebinaT
mtkicebuleba ruseTis armiis konfliqtSi monawileobis Sesaxeb.
braldeba xelmZRvanelobis mimarT
somxebis mier okupirebul sofel xodjalis aRmasrulebli

komitetis meTaurma brali dasdo azerbaijanis meTaurs aiaz mu-
talibovs, rom mas ar ZaluZs daicvas azerbaijaneli mosaxleoba
somexTa Semotevisagan. azerbaijanis dedaqalaq baqoSi gamarTul
pres-konferenciaze man ganacxada, rom ,,maT pirdebodnen rom cota
xani kidev moecadaT da maT ixsnidnen, magram aravin movida. aRmas-
rulebli komitetis meTauri, romelmac Tavisi ojaxis 22 wevri da-
karga, cremlmoreuli ambobda: ,,Cven darwmunebuli viyaviT, rom
mTavroba Cven gverdiT iqneboda, gvegona rom ar migvatovebdnen,
magram maTgan araviTari daxmareba ar iyo, arc vertmfrenebi da arc
sxva saxis daxmreba”.
193
izvestia, 1992, 17 marti
mTiani yarabaxi:
omis Cveulebrivi saSineleba
vadim belix ìzvestia~
keTili megobrebi formaSi
mTis Ziras Camalulan

komuflirebuli javSan-
manqanebi
- vin arin esini?
vkiTxe Cems gamcile-
bls, moxaliseTa razmis
wevrs, axalgazrda maRal
azerbaijanels, romelic
tyviamfqvrevis lentebi
qonda gadakidebuli.
- Cveni nacionaluri
armiaa. ginda naxo?
magram mTis Ziramde
ver mividiT, radgan uecrad gamovarda milicioneri pistoletiT
xelSi, romelic saSinlad yviroda da uceremoniod Segvabruna
ukan. magram manZili Cvens Soris ukve arc Tu ise didi iyo, rom ar
SegvemCnia qera saxis jariskacebi, romlebic erTmaneTSi rusulad
laparakobdnen. Semdgom me amixsnes, rom es sadesanto batalioni
iyo, romelsac unda daecva 365 polkis ukan daxeva. amis gamo viTom
SeCerda azerbaijanelTa Seteva askeranze, radgan eSinodaT rom
zurgidan ar daertyaT.
medesanteebi aseve swrafad gaqrnen, rogorc gamoCndnen da Ta-
vianTi javSanmanqanis muxluxebiT Turq Jurnalists fexze gadau-
ares. samagierod agdamis moedanze (daaxloebiT imave dros) me
Sevxdi erT nacnob tankists, polkovniks, mSobliuri saxeliT da
gvariT. is samoqalaqo samosSi iyo gamowyobili da gverdiT adgi-
lobrivi xelmZRvaneloba moyveboda, xolo Tvali idumalad ucim-
cimebda. erTi dRis Semdeg Cven erTmaneTs erT erT postze SevxdiT.
polkovniki (ukve adgilobrivi moxalises formaSi) mzes mificxebo-
da da rom daminaxa simovnebiT gamomelapraka - Tavis Tanamemamules
moskovidan amindze, xolo Cems SekiTxvaze - aq ras akeTebs, kuStad
194
momiWra ,, biWebs unda movexmaro aq.”
Tumca pokovnikis ,,megobrebi” solidurad daexmarnen ,,biWebs”
orive mxridan. is rom somxuri da azerbaijnuli razmebi arc Tu ise
urigod arian SeiaraRebuli-pirvel rigSi yofili sabWoTa armiis
damsaxurebaa, romelmac gadasca maT (an mihyida) Tavisi SeiaraRebis
mniSvnelovani nawili. Tu adre karabaxel mebrZols avtomatis
vaznisTvis Sav bazarze xuTi maneTi xolo tyviamfrqvevisTvis 10
maneTi unda gadaexada, dRes is am yvelafers Rebulobs ganusaz-
Rvreli raodenobiT da Tanac ufasod. amitomacaa rom srolebi aq
ar wydeba arc dRisiT da arc RamiT. magram rodesac gaifanteba
denTis kvamli da es adre Tu gvian moxdeba, ara mgonia gadarCe-
nilma msrolelebma madloba uTxran ,,keTil Ziebs” varskvlaviani
samxreebiT.
mofrinaven ixvebi, mofrinaven ,,gareuli

batebi”
... da uceb man dainaxa qali or metriani simaRliT rkinis javSan

jiletSi da iaraRiT. mamakacebs misi eSiniaT. am frazaze mTxrobeli
gaCerda da suli moiTqva.
meCvidmeted movismine me es legenda usasrulo serialis saTau-
riT ,,somexi daqiravebulebebi”. agdamSi somxur razmebSi ucxoeli
jariskacebis arseboba yvelas aRelvebs, ris gamoc es sakiTxi sx-
vadasxva saxis xmebiT da WorebiT ivseba.
yvela azerbaijaneli jariskacis ocnebaa moklas daqiravebuli,
xolo poziciebze momuSave jurnalistebisa - gadauRon mokluls
foto. yoveli mxridan modis ,,ambebi“, rom ,,SuSaSi tyved aiyvanes
oTxi zangi“, xolo askeranTan mokles ori Savkaniani“, baqoSi Camoas-
vene yarabaxidan ocdaaTi gvami, romelic eqspetebis daskvniT arc
somxebia, arc azerbaijanelbi da arc rusebi. Tumca yvelaze primi-
tiuli gadamowmeba adasturebs rom yvelaferi es adgilobrivebis
fantaziis nayofia. Tumca erTi Savkaniani marTla iqna mokluli br-
ZolaSi, romlis gvamic azerbaijanel mZevlebze gadacvales.
yofili 336-e polkis jariskacebi amtkiceben; maT arerTxel
unaxavT stepankertSi (xankendi) ucxoeli daqiravebulebi iaraRiT
da samxedro formaSi gamowyobili. isini maT sTavzobdnen Sesuli-
yvnen somexTa fedainTa razmebSi sadac kontraqtiT garantire-
bulad eqnebodaT sami-oTxi aTasi rubli TveSi da ufaso saWmeli,
Rvino da qalebi.
195
somxuri mxare ukve arcki faravs imas, rom qiraobs ucxoel ,,iR-
blian“ jariskacebs.
azerbaijanelebi kategoriulad uaryofen, rom maT razmebSi
asev arian ..gareuli batebi“, magram CeCeni moxaliseebi yarbaxSi
cota rodia. maT rogorc wesi iyeneben yvelaze saSiS mimarTulebe-
bze. dro da dro azerbaijanelTa mxareze Cndebian damkvirleble-
bi samxreT oseTidan. amboben rom agdamSi bevri moxalise Camodis
rom miiRos monawileoba saomar moqmedebaSi. vin -fulis gamo vin
-ubralod ise, magram aseTebs principuli mosazrebidan gamomdin-
are ukan abruneben.
rublis da dolarisaTvis
- pitoleti mainc Tu gaqvs? -axalgazrda azerbaijanelma ja-

riskacma sinanuliT Semomxeda
- me is ar mWirdeba-vupasuxe me
- amod. omia rac ar unda iyos-mebrZoli Cafiqrda mere gaiRi-
ma, jibidan xelyumbara amoiRo da gamomiwoda
- rom mSvidad iyoT. gCuqniT.
xelyumbara ar aviRe magram axlad gacnobil megobris gulwrfe-
li madlobeli viyavi -Tundac Jurnalistis mimarT TanagrZno-
bisaTvis odesRac erT qveynaSi mcxovrebis mier.
samwuxarod esengeeli reportiorebi gansxvavebiT sxva Jurnal-
istebisagan, romlebic ucxouri qveynebis sainformacio saagentoe-
bisaTvis muSaoben sawyal sanaxaobas warmoadgenen. SeWirvebulebi
TavianTi mwiri samivlinebo biujetiT, primitiuli teqnikiT, xolo
xSirad mis gareSec isini bevrad wamgebian mdgomareobaSi arin vi-
dre maTi kolegebi ucxoeTidan.
rac ar unda samwuxaro iyos informacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu xdeba
mTian yarabaxSi Cvenze ukeT ician sazRvargareT vidre CvenTan.
sanam Cveni televiziebi gadascemen azrs moskovSi azerbaijanis
da somxeTis warmomadgenlebisgan, Tanac arc Tu ise axals Tavisi
SinaarsiT baqoeli da erevneli jurnalistebisagan, adamiani ro-
melic rTavs telvizors aSS an nebismier evropul saxelmwifoSi
xedavs ramdenime saaTis ukan momxdars movlenebs, romelic xdeba
Cvens yvelaze Zvel ,,cxel wertilSi“ .
reportoorTa mudmivi brigadebi muSaoben frontis orive xa-
zze. maTi TanamSromlebi damcav JiletbSi Cacmulebi, satelituri
kavSirgabmulobis meSveobiT dReSi ramdenime reportaJs agzavnian
196
TavianTi uaxlesi informaciiT TavianTi redaqciebisaTvis. yove-
live es maSinve xvdeba tele ekranze, gazeTebis gverdebze da JRers
radiomimRebebidan.
ucxoeli korespondentebi mzad arian uxvad gadaixadon nebi-
smier informaciaze an gaweul daxmarebaze. rogorc erTi tele-
kompaniis warmomadgenlebi trabaxobdnen maT efeqturi kadris
gadaRebisTvis SeZles eyidaT gradis sistemidan efeqturi zalpis
gaSvebac ki.
magram yvela Jurnalists romelic agdamSi aris gaaCniaT saer-
To problemebic. erT erTi maTgania, adgilobrivi xelisuflebis
warmomadgenlebis dawyebuli komendantiT da damTavrebuli Tav-
dacvis saministros warmomadgenlebidan araTu daxmareba maTTgan
informaciis miRebisa, aramed gasaubrebac ki SeuZleblia. garda
amisa uxeSobas maTi mxridan nebismier momentSi SeiZleba gadaawyde
da ar aq mniSvneloba saidan Camoxvedi moskovidan Tu parizidan.
gamonaklisi am SemTxvevaSi marto SeiZleba iyos TavisianebisTvis,
TurqebisaTvis da latvielbisaTvis.
erTaderTi adgili sadac SeiZleboda mogepovebina informacia
am frontispira qaosSi iyo agdamis saxalxo frontis ganyofilebis
Stabi, sadac yovelTvis SegTavzebdnen cxel Cais, getyodnen Tbil
sityvas da gaigebdi raime saxis informacias Tu ra xdeboda fronze.
da kidev erTi adgili sadac SeiZleboda informaciis mopoveba, rac
ar unda ucnaurad mogeCvenoT iyo adgilobrivi uSiSroebis da
raionuli prokuraturis ganyofileba
miTxari, vin xar Sen
- agdamSi, quCaSi gamcileblis gareSe jobs ar iaroT - in-

truqcias maZlevdnen damSvidobebisas gianjis Sss adgilobriv
ganyofilebaSi.-CvenTan, rusebis mimarT damokidebuleba respub-
likaSi kargia, magram iq sadc Tqven midixarT xalxi stresul mdgo-
mareobaSia da ara gamoricxuli rame moxdes.
magram SiSi usafuZvlo aRmoCnda. yovel SemTxvevSi slavuri
garegnobis admianis gamoCena frontispira xazze (dRis nebismier
dros) ar iwvevs survils adgilobriv mosaxleobaSi mas xeli Cas-
Widon, piriqiT sityvac da saqmec keTili minaxvs maTi. xolo omis
siaxlove ganisazRvreba dausrulebul sinanulSi mSvidobiani
cxovrebis ritmis darRvevaSi.
rusul ,,imperializmze”, ,,rusul safrTxeze” ZiriTad gaigeb
197
oficialur kabinetebSi im xalxisgan, romlebic oficialuri xe-
lisuflebis warmomadgenlebi arian. maTgan gaigebT momxdari mov-
lenebis axal versiebsac. ase magaliTa. maTi versiiT xodjalis
tragediaSi somxebi ar monawileobdnen da yvela es sisastike 366
polkis rusma jariskacebma Caidines.
mTavzobdnen menaxa dazinebuli javSanmanqinis gverdiT viTom
sabWoTa armiis formaSi Cacmuli gvami, romelic mis gverdiT egdo,
magram Cveni mcdeloba axlos mivsuliyaviT adgilobriv moxalisee-
bTan erTad da Segvemowmebina es, uSedego aRmoCnda.
aris sxva ukiduresobac, ase magaliTad xSiria laparaki rom
frontze male unda Camovides ,,nacionaluri rusuli aseuli Sem-
dgari baqos mkvidrTagan.
magram kabinetebis zRurbls iqiT, quCaSi yvela es laparaki azrs
kargavs. adamianebs mudmivi dabobmvis pirobebSi sazrunavic da
problemebic sxva aqvT.
sisxlis da cremlis matarebeli
vagon-saoperacioSi cdilobdnen gaderCinaT axalgazrda medda.

snaiperis tyvia mas maSin moxvda, rodesac cdilobda daxmareboda
daWril mebrZols. moxvedrilma tyviam am axlgazrda meddas Sansi
ar dautova gadarCenis da arc saswauli moxda; grZeli sia karabaxis
konfliqtSi daRupulebisa kidev erTi gvariT Seivso.
samxedro-sanitaruli matarebeli, romelic agdamis sadgur-
Tan idga me xSirad mominaxulebia. swored aq yvelze kargad Cans
am omis sastiki da uzro saxe. daWrili gvardielbi damsxvreuli
kidurebiT, devnilebi romlebic civ zamTarSi xelis da fexis moy-
inuloba miiRes. sami wlis bavSvi xelebis gareSe. gogona daniT das-
erili saxiT
da yovelive es dRidan dRemde, saaTidan saaTamde da ase daus-
ruleblad.
Cven baqoSi arc ki gvqonda warmodgena ra xdeboda aq-ambobs
matareblis ufrosi xanlar gadjievi- Cveni matarebli aqeT
gamouSves, radgan adgilobrivi medikosebi ver audiodnen daW-
rilebis nakads. yvela eqimi moxalisea, isini yvelfrisTvis iyvnen
mzad, magram aq nanaxma yovelgvar molodins gadaaWarba.
Cven vijeqiT kupeSi, romlis anturaJi omis Temaze Seqmnil
filmebs mogagonebda da vfurclavdiT miRebis Jurnals. daSaveb-
ulTa didi nawili mSvidobiani mosaxleoba iyo, qalebi da bavSvebi.
198
Wrilobebis umetesoba-cecxlsasroli, naRmebis namsxvrevebebi da
moyinuloba.
Zalin bevria kidurebis moyinulobiT-maTi umetesoba xojaleli
ltolvilebia, romlebic did xnis ganmavlobaSi civ zamTarSi tyeSi
da mTebSi emalebodnen somxebs an tyveobidan dabrunebulebi. TviT-
mxilvelebi yvebodnen Tu rogor amcirebdnen maT tyeobaSi, xSiri
iyo SemTxvevbi, rodesac somxebi tyveebidan aarCevdnen milicio-
nerebs, moxaliseebs, jariskacebs da yvelas Tvalwon kveTdnen fex-
is terfebs. xSirad tyveebs mTeli RamiT yinvaSi tovebdnen, xolo
qalebs aupatiurebdnen.
azerbaijnuli mxaris mtkicebiT qal mZevlebs somxebi saerTod
ar aTavisufleben, isini maSinve gaurkveuli mimrTulebiT miyav-
daT. ar vici es marTla asea Tu ise magram vici, rom rodesac agdam-
Tan intensiuri brZolebi da srolebi midis, qalebi imis SiSiT, rom
SeiZleba qalaqis Sturmi daiwyos, TviTdawvisTvis emzadebian. ad-
gilobrivi eqim malik ismailovis xuTi wlis gogona rodesac esmis
srolebi sruliad seriozulad eubneba mamas.
_ mama, Tu daiwyo, Sen jer me da deda mogvkali da mere Sen Tvi-
Ton moikali Tavi.
vimeoreb; me ar minaxvs rogor epyrobian somxebi tyveebs. miuxe-
davd Cemi Txovnebisa, me maTi naxva ver movaxerxe. imedi maqvs maT ar
aupatiureben, ar awameben, ar aSimSileben. imedi maqvs...
omi asaxiCrebs cocxlebs da ar asvenebs mkvdrebs.
dro da dro agdamSi moyavT cocxlebze gadacvlili mkvdrebi.
Ramis koSmarSi ver naxavT imas rasac aq naxavT. moWrili yurebi.
TavmoWrili gvamebi, nawamebi sxeulebi... marTalia somxur mxares
gaaCnia fotoebi sadac azerbijanelbis mier droebiT dakavebul
somxur soflebSi Cans damwvari saxlebi, TavmoWrili da nawamebi
gvamebi da a. S
saerTod aq azri ar aqvs daTvlas, romeli mxridan ramdeni
daiRupa da dasaxiCrda an vin aris yvelaze sisxlismmseli da sas-
tiki. yarabaxSi midis omi wesebis gareSe. is rasac qvia armia, aris sx-
vadasxva adaminebis grova. maT Soris arin vinc TavinT saxlebs icavs,
is vinc Suris Ziebis wyurviliT aris Sepyrobili Tavisi daRupuli
axloblebis da ojaxis wevrebis gamo da arian iseTebic, romelTaT-
visac omi aris Zarcvis, banditizmi, mkvlelobebi yoveldRiuroba.
omi romelic ar wydeba sul ufro da ufro andgurebs am odes-
Rac mdidar mxares.
- bavSvebs romlebic CvenTan xvdebian, ambobs samxedro eqimi
199
xailar gadjievi Cven xSirad vafiqsirebT ucnaur fsiqikur gadax-
vevbs, jer gvegona rom SeiZleba maT raRac preparatebs ukeTebdnen,
magram mere mivxdiT, rom yvelaferi gadatanili nerviuli travmis
Sedegebi iyo, rac maT miiRes okupirebul teritoriaze yofnis
dros. samwuxarod es ar eqvemdabreba mkurnalobas.
aris sxva safrTxeebic, romelic momdinareobs yarabaxSi arse-
buli samxedro sawyobebidan, sadac blomad aris sxvadsxva tipis
naRmebi. orive mxare aqtiurad naRmavs frontis xazs, romelze-
dac ufro xSirad samoqalaqo pirebi feTqdebian. sami saaTis gan-
mavlobaSi rac viyavi hospitalSi Cemi iq yofnis dros sami aseTi
dazaralebuli moiyvanes. erTi maSinve gardaicvala, xolo ori xei-
bari darCeba... es afeTqebebi am omis dasrulebis Semdegac mravali
wlebis ganmavlobaSi ismodes iqneba.
sakiTxavi is aris, rodis damTavrdeba es omi?
...dRes agdamSi aris gadamcemi, romelic somxur askeranSi mde-
bare aseTive gadamcemis talRazea CarTuli. mxareebma dRes moil-
aprkes, rom gacvlin tyveebs da daRupulebs. aris aseTi niSani - Tu
eTerSi siCumea- elode saartilerio Cacxrilvas an ieriSs. es aris
erTaderTi wvrili Zafi, romelic orive mxares akavSirebs. iqneb man
odesme mxareebs daawyebinos molaparakebi mSvidobaze da nuTu pa-
suxis nacvlad siCume iqneba?
200
pasport. 2011, ianvari
1992: naRmiani veli movlenebis obieqtu-

ri gaSuqebisaTvis
xelen vomaki
sabWoTa kav-
Siris daSlam
gamoiwvia, mTe-
li rigi ,,cxeli
wertilebis”
warmoSoba eT-
nikur niadagze.
1980 wlis bolos da
1990 wlis dasawisSi
qriatiani somxebi
da muslimi azer-
baijanelebi awar-
moebdnen patara sazizRar oms mTiani teritoriisaTvis, romlis
saxelwodebacaa mTiani yarabaxi. orive mxarem daadanaSaula dasav-
leTi movlenebis tendenciur gaSuqebaSi meore mxaris sasarge-
blod. JurnalistebisaTvis mZimea iyo obieqturi.
1992 wlis TebervalSi gaCnda cnobebi, rom raRac saSineli moxda
azerbaijanul sofel xojaliSi, romelic sadavo ankalavi iyo or
mxares Soris, romelic umetes wilad somxebiT iyo dasaxlebuli.
cnobebis Tanxmad aseulobiT azerbaijanelis gvami iyo mimofan-
tuli TovliT dafarul mTis ferdobebze. iyo Tu ara es danakargi
brZolebis dros? Tu moxda mosaxleobis masobrivi ganadgureba?
moskoveli korespondetebis jgufTan erTad me gavfrindi saz-
Rvrispira qalaq agdamSi, sadac Tavi Seafares xojalelma devnileb-
ma. Cven CamovediT Rame, ukve sakmaod daRlilebi viyaviT, magram
Cvenma azerbaijanelma maspinZlebma imis magivrad rom davebinave-
bineT pirdapir avtobusebiT wagviyvanes meCeTSi, rom enaxebinaT
oTxi dasaxiCrebuli gvami, romelic iq iyo dasvenebuli.
dilis sam saTze ra unda meqna amisTvis. Cemi goneba laparakobda
,,oTxi gvami jer kidev ar aris masobrivi mkvleloba” magram gulis
siRmeSi me gaognebuli viyavi da vfiqrobdi ,,eseigi rodesac Cven
vkvdebiT, Cven yvelani vgavarT gatexil Tojinebs” maSin me axlgaz-
rda viyavi da sikvdils vxedavdi mxolod bebiaCemis daxuruli ku-
201
bos saxiT inglisuri gasvenebis mSral ceremonialSi.
meore dRes Cven gavemgzavreT sasaflaoze, sadac amoTxrili iyo
74 saflavi. azerbaijaneli qalebi tradiciisamebr sisxlis wamos-
vlamde ifxaWnidnen loyebs da xmamaRla moTqvamdnen. Cven agvixnes,
rom sasaflaoze, romelic TojinebiT iyo morTuli dasaflave-
buli iyvnen axalgazrdebi, romlebic jer kidev daojaxebulebi ar
iyvnen. kidev ufro meti cxedari darCa mTebSi, romelic unda gad-
moetanT.
me iZulebuli viyavi meRiarebina, rom yovelive es ukve gavda
masobriv mkvlelobebs.
agdamis rkinigzis sadgurSi mdgari matarebli gadaqceuli iyo
savele hospitlad. is savse iyo qalebiT, bavSvebiT da moxucebiT,
romelebsac miyenebuli qondaT cecxlsasroli Wrilobebi. cocx-
lad gadrCenilebi yvebodnen Tu rogor daecnen maT qalaqs somxuri
SeiarRebuli Zalebi, Tu rogor gaiqcnen mSvidobiani mcxovreble-
bi tyeSi, rogor moxvdnen xafangSi mTis uReltexilze da rogor
ganurCevlad esrodnen maT somxebi.
,,moxda saSineli tragedia, xolo msoflio sdums-gancxada
doqtorma eldar sirjevma - dasavleTi, yovelTvis mxars uWerda
somxebs, imitom rom maT yavT didi da mWevrmetyveli diaspora”
me CemTvis gavakeTe daskvnebi da davwere reportaJi imis Ses-
axeb, rom am SemTxvevSi azerbaijanlebi marTlebi arian da isini
marTlac gaxdnen msxverplni somxebisa. ,,erTni meoris darni arian”
ambobda dedaCemi bavSvebis Cxubze. magram xodjalis msxveplni mus-
limebi iyvnen.
me gavakeTe Cemi saqme davbrundi saxlSi da mwyobridan gamove-
di. zogierTi korespondenti mieCvia omis gaSuqebas magram me nervi-
uli stresi mqonda. davinaxe ra sikvdili axlodan me damewko SiSebi
yvelafris mimarT. alkoholi mSveloda magram es ar iyo situaci-
idan gamosavali... Suamavlad muSaoba gaxda saukeTso wamali Cem-
Tvis, romelic damexmara mowiful asakSi davbrunebodi Cveul
cxovrebas.
202
saerTaSoriso
gamoZieba
203
204
xojalis Jleta
petre kviatkeviCi
sabWoTa imperia istoriis sakuTreba

gaxda, magram velikoderJavuli ambiciebi
kremls darCa. balansi Riaobis ruseTis
federaciisaTvis, romelic samarTlebri-
vi da politikuri memkvidrea sabWoTa
kavSiris, ar aris optimisturi. CaZiruli
sistemuri transformaciis qaosSi, sax-
elmwifos ar ZaluZda warmatebiT gae-
grZelebina sagareo politika, romelic
Tundac moicavdes iqneboda yofili sab-
WoTa kavSiris teritoriebs. ukanaskneli
elmentebis gavlena iyo is yvelaferi, rac
SeeZloT kremlis axal binadarT erevnis
mTavrobis poziciaze iyo is, rac amsubuqebda am miznebis real-
izacias.
somxeTi Tavisi geopolitikuri mdebareobidan gamomdinare iyo
idealuri kandidati, rom yofiliyo am interesebis gamomxatveli
kavkasiis regionSi. miuxedavd amisa isini ar axdnen koncentracias
am sakiTxebze da ufro emxrobodnen am ukansknelis politikur
principebs.
1992 wlis ianvarSi, separtistebma ganaxorcieles mcdeloba
xelT egdoT ukanaskneli azerbaijanuli anklavi mTian karabaxSi,
romelic alyaSemortymuli da izolirebuli iyo danarCeni sa-
myarosgan. maT isargebles 366 meqnizirebuli polkis daxmarebiT,
romelic Sedioda yofili sabWoTa kavSiris 23-e diviziis Semad-
genlobaSi. am mxardaWeram saSualeba misca somxebs jer kidev
Tebervlis pirvel naxevarSi daekavebinaT kirkidjaxani da iqidan
ewarmoebinaT saartilerio dabombvebi stepanakertis (xankendi)
mimarTulebiT. maT asev SeZles daekavebinaT dasaxlebuli pun-
qtebi SuSa-xodjalis gzis qveda monakveTi da SemoeWiraT maryuJi
xojalize.
mas Semdeg ra somxebma xelT igdes dasaxlebuli punqti karada-
gli maT koleqtiuri pasuxisgeblobis principidan gamomdinare
daxvrites rogorc qalaqis damcvelebi, aseve mSvidobiani mo-
saxleoba.. 150 moklulis gvami Caagdes kartofilis ormoSi. kon-
205
fliqtis dawyebidan es unda yofiliyo uprecedento movlena
magram samwuxarod es gaxda preludia kidev ufro gaugonari da-
naSaulisa, romelic moxda 25 Tebrvals sagamos 9 saTze, rodesac
somxuri samxedro formirebebi 366 meqnizirebul polkTan erTad
Sevidnen sofel xojaliSi, romelic askeransa da stepanakerts So-
ris mdebareobda.
arCevani SemTxveviTi ar iyo. qalaqis lokalizaciam is mniS-
vnelovan strategiul punqtad gadaaqcia. is aramarto kveTda
gamaal agdam-SuSa-askeran-stepanakertis gzebs. aq mdebareobda
aseve raionSi arsebuli erTaderTi aerodromi. xojaliSi TavSesaf-
ri hpoves azerbaijanelma devnilebma somxeTidan, Turq-mesxebma
da ferganis velidan gamoqceulebma. 13 Tebrval xodjaliSi mo-
frinda bolo samxedro vertmfreni romelmac Camoitana sursaTi
da sawvavi.
mravaldRianma izolaciam garesamyarodan, mudmivma mzadyofnam
moaduna adgilobrivi garnizonis yuradReba, romelic Sedgeboda
sul 150 jariskacisagan, iyo sustad SeiaraRebuli da ar SeeZlo xan-
grZlivi winaRmdegoba gaewia masze ufro mravlricxovan da kargad
SeiaraRebuli mowinaaRmdegisaTvis. azerbaijanis xelisuflebam,
romelmac icoda am raionSi miwinaaRmdegis koncetraciis da maTi
gegmebis Sesaxeb qalaqis aRebasTan dakavSirebiT, arferi gaakeTa
imisTvis, rom tragedia Tavidan aecilebina.
25 Tebrvals saRamos 9 saaTze buntovSikeba ieriSi daiwyes.
pirveli dartyma rogorc mosalodneli iyo maT aeroports miay-
enes. 22 kacisagan Semdgari razmi, romelsac aeroportis dacva eva-
leboda alif gadjievis meTaurobiT Tavis davaleba Seasrula da
ieriSi moigeria. Seafasa ra viTareba da is gamouvali mdgomareoba
romelSic misi razmi aRmoCnda man gasca brZaneba aefeTqebinaT sa-
komando sadispeCero koSkura, rom is mters ar Cavrdnoda xelSi. es
iyo misi erT-erTi ukanaskneli brZaneba, radgan is male brZolis
velze daiRupa.
xojalis garnizonis meTaurma tofik huseinovma da misma xalx-
ma didi winaaRmdegoba gauwies mters, imisTvis rom moegoT dro da
miecaT saSualeba mSvidobiani mosaxleobas rom Tavs gaqceviT eSve-
laT. swored bevri maTgani mas unda umadlodes gadarCenas. moxvda
ra alyaSi man iarRi ar dayara da bolo tyvia gulSi daixala.
ieriSis moulodneloba, panikam da SiSma xojalis mTeli mo-
saxleoba SokSi Caagdo. Sekrebili cnobebi erTmaneTan zogjer Seu-
sabamobaSi modis da maTi meSveobviT mxolod nawilobriv SeiZleba
206
movlenebis aRdgena.
magram bevr monaTxrobSi, romelic exeba TavdasxmelTa sisas-
tikes TviTmxilvelTa monaTxrobi emTxveva da erTmaneTs avsebs10,
miuxedavad amisa rac movismine ar SeiZleba Sors mimavali daskvnebis
gakeTeba. angariSebi subieqturia TavdamsxmelTa msxverplebis
mimarT, romlebmac dakarges ojaxis wevrebi da axloblebi, rac ise-
dac mniSvnelovani masalaa kvlevisaTvis, magram ara rogorc mTli-
anad verificirebuli mtkicebuleba danaSaulisa, romelsac ase
unda movepyraT11.
am movlenebis aRweraSi ikveTeba zogjer arasruli, magram erTi
da igive scenari. ar gvaqvs eWvi, rom es monaTxrobebi kopirebulia
erTmaneTisagan. sxvadasxva prizmiT gatarebuli es monaTxrobebi
samwuxarod ar gvaZlevs saSualebas bevri faqti daviWiroT.
movlenebis aRweraSi pirvel elmentad gvevlineba Tavdasxmis
moulodneloba . aseve TvalSi sacemia danaSaulis rasistuli xa-
siaTi.; msxverpli miekuTvneboda mxolod Turquli eTnikur jgufs,
xolo vinc gadarCa garboda tyeSi rom iq damaluliyo. es aris zus-
ti daskvna romelic SeiZleba gamovitanoT TviTmxilvelTa monayo-
lidan.
zogierTi uTiTebs rusi jariskacebis yofnaze am movlenebSi,
10. .,qalaqi yoveli mxridan garSemortymuli iyi razmebiT (somxebis) bevri

admiani daiRupa. danarCenebma Tavs gaqceviT uSveles da tyeSi daimalnen.
tyeSi gamudmebiT srolebis xma ismoda. Cemi ufrosi Svili xojalis gareT
mokles. Semdgom misi gvami ucxoel Jurnalistebs aCvenes. umcrosi Svi-
li, romelic 23 wlis iyo tyved aiyvanes. amis Semdgom mis Sesaxeb araferi
ar vici.. Cven mogviyvanes somxur sasflaoze da, me miWirs vilaprako imis
Sesaxeb, rac Semdgom moxda... oTxi axalgazrda, romelic Turqi-mesxi iyo
da uzbekeTidan gamoeqcnen da azerbainSi hpoves TavSefari da sami azer-
baijaneli msxverplad Seswires somexTa saflavebze, am ubedurebs Tavebi
daaWres. Semdeg jariskacebma da separatistebma mSoblebis Tvalwin maTi
Svilebis wameba daiwyes, xolo maTi gvamebi buldozeris mesveobiT ormoSi
Cayares da miwa miayares. ver gaZRnen ra sisxliT es cxovelebi adaminis sax-
iT. moayvanines sami azerbaijaneli nacionaluri armiis formaSi da Tvalebi
daTxares. aseTi sisatike ar yofila kacobriobis istoriaSi. maT daangries
finuri saxlebi da mere xuTsarTulian saxlebs midgnen da gadawves. adamian-
ebi sardafebSi imalebodnen. xocavdnen sastikad axlgazrdebs da bavSvebs
Tvalebs Txridnen.. Tavi waaWres Svils dedis winaSe. RmerTo ra sistikiT
Svebodnen isini amas. veravin gadarCa iq. wvavdnen saxlebs, Sediodnen sax-
lebSi da klavdnen bavSvebs. moxuci qali najaxiT akuwes... yveba imani agaababa
11. am monaTxrobebSi arsebuli didi emociuri muxtia sruliad gasagebi, Tu
mxedvelobaSi miviRebT, Tu ra gremoebebSi moxda yovelive es, rac mowmobs
maT avTenturobas, radgan maT Soris ar aris didi gansxvaveba, Tu rogor
viTardeboda movlenebi.
207
romelnic mTavar damtymeli Zalas warmoadgenda am danaSaulSi12.
ixseneben am movlenbSi 366 polkis monawileobas. xSirad moyavT
am nawilis yofili jariskacebis Cvenebebi, romlebmac sxvadasxva
mizezebis gamo datoves es nawili13.
12. am Temas exeba Semdegi monaTxrobi; yvelaferi moCanda saSinlad. xmauri

yurSi, romelic SimSilis, sicivis, SiSis an xelebis tkivilis Sedegi iyo.
maxsovs Cemi megobrebi gvamebs agrovebdnen, me ki ver SevZeli... rogor Sei-
Zleboda wameRo erTi gvami da meore dametovebina? me ar damiwkia maTi Tvla,
radgan imdenad didi iyo maTi raodenoba. maxsovs rom ramdenime dRis Semdeg
somxebi vaWrobdnen gardacvlilTa naTesavebTan gvamebis fasebze. somxe-
bi gvrTavdnen nebas SevsuliyaviT damwvar saxlebSi. magram me ar SemeZlo
gamerCia gvamebi. me vfiqrob rom somxebi ver gabedavdnen xodjalize TviT-
nebur Tavdasxmas. es ivanebi isrodnen marjvniv da marcxniv, xolo somxebs
darCaT WuWyiani saqme- Seuracyofa gvamebs da tyveebs. bevri kiTxva darCa
am movlenebis Semdeg - yveba ilxam mamedovi. aq SeiZleba SevamCnioT mosaz-
rebebi da daskvnebi gakeTebuli post faqtum. maT SinaarsSi vxvdebiT mona-
cemebs, romelmac gavlena iqonia Semdgom istoriebze. dilxar sadixovma im
momentSi rodesac moxda Tavdasxma, ar icoda iyo Tu ara is rusuli polki,
anda codnoda ra erovnebis iyvnen jariskacebi. bolo nawili ilxam mam-
edovis arwerisa rogorc TviTon aRniSnavs iyo misi. amitom is ar gamodgeba
rogorc wyaro, romelic daadasturebda rusi jariskacebis monawileobas
am movlenebSi.
ufro met sinaTles hfens movlenebs Semdgomi monayoli... qalaqSi Se-
mosuli tankebi da javSanmanqanebi angrevdnen saxlebs da Wyletdnen ad-
aminebs. rusi jariskacebis ukan modiodnen somexi boevikebi. aviyvane ra 5
wlis SviliSvili da mqonda ra jibeSi 14 aTasi rubli tyeSi gaviqeci. dilas
mivxdi ra, rom bavSi ver gaZlebs gavemarte somxuri sofel- naxiCevanikSi,
sadac Cven Segvxvda SeiaraRebuli jgufi somxebisa. me vemudarebodi maT
bavSvis gamo aeRoT fuli da gaveSveT agdamisaken. pasuxad maT me gamZarcves
da sastikad mcemes, xolo Semdeg wamiyvanes soflis komendantTan. man gasca
brZaneba boselSi waveyvane, sadac ukve imyofebodnen datyvevebuli azer-
baijaneli qalebi da bavSvebi. aq 4 dRe gavatareT, am xnis ganmavlobaSi arc
saWmels gvaZlevdnen da arc sasmels. 4 dRis Semdeg me SviliSvilTan erTad
askeronis raionSi wamiyvanes, sadac soflis boselSi gatarebuli dReebi
samoTxed momeCvena radgan iseTi ram vnaxe da ganvicade. ucxoeli daqi-
ravebulebebma (me vici somxuri da varCev adgilobriv somxebs da Camosu-
lebs) amaZvres frCxilebi fexze. zangebi, romlebic iyvnen somexTa Soris
saxeSi fexiT mirtyamdnen.. ramdenime saaTiani wamebis Semdeg me gadamcvales
Cvenebis mier datyvevebul somexze, magram SvilSvili wamarTves. me mis Ses-
axeb arferi vici, arc Cems colze da qaliSvilze- ambobs jamil mamedovi.
13. didi mniSvneloba aqvs rigiTi iuri iaxoviCis monayols, romelic 366
polkSi msaxurobda. Cven STagvagonebdnen, rom Cven varT qristianebi da
muslimebs unda vebrZoloT. Cven gvamyofednen araadamianur pirobebSi.
Cven ver gavuZeliT am mdgomareobas da davtoveT polkis ganlageba. dezer-
tiris monayolo SeiZleba iwvevdes garkveul kiTxvebs, miuxedavad cxadia,
rom eWvebi SeiZleba iyos mis damokidebulebasTan im mizezbTan, romelmac
208
arsebobs didi albaToba, rom am movlenebSi monawileobdnen am
polkis dezertirebi da TviTneburad daverbovkebuli oficrebi
da jariskacebi; isini moqmedebdnen brZanebis gareSe da amis Sesaxeb
ar iyvnen informirebuli rogorc polkis StabSi da arc samxedro
nawilis meTauri14.
imis gamo ar arsebobs pirdapiri materialuri mtkicebulebebi,
rogoricaa werilobiTi brZanebebi, fotoebi, romlis meSveobiTac
SesaZlebli iqneboda Tavdasxmelebis identificireba, aqdan gamom-
dinare rusebis monawileobas am movlenebSi aqvs ,,daudasture-
blobis“ statusi .
gamomdinare hipoTezebidan yvelaze misaReb variantad SeiZleba
CaiTvalos is garemoeba, romlis mixedviT zogierTi oficeri ma-
terialuri anazRaurebis sanacvlod Sesabamisi braZanebis gareSe
daTanxmda gamoeyenebina adamianuri da sabrZolo saSualebebi15.
miuxedavad yovelive amisa istoriul faqtad rCeba adamian-
ebis masobrivi gandgureba da arnaxuli sisastike. is rac adgilze
SeiZleba yofiliyo nanaxii damTrgunveli iyo da amave dros me-
tyvelebda Cadenil danaSaulze16.
aiZula is daetovebina nawili. arajnmrTeli urTierTobebi iseve rogorc

disciplinis moSla rusul armiaSi sitemuri transformaciis dros -faq-
tia. yuradRebas ipyrobs formulireba ,,iZulebuli viyaviT dagvetove-
bina nawili“ romelic miuTiTebs sakiTxis masiurobasTan da masStabebTan.
amitom mocemul konteqstSi rusul formaSi Cacmuli adamianebis yofna im
dRes xojaliSi, miuxedavad mowmeebis Cvenebisa, rom 366 polki monawileob-
da am movlenebSi.
14. rigiTi iaxoviCis monaTxrobs aqvs fundamentaluri mniSvneloba, radgan
is adasturebs rusuli sajariso nawilebidan jariskacebis monawileobas
movlenebSi. mouxedavad imisa, rom arsebobs mtkicebulebebi rusi jaris-
kacebis monawileobisa, es mainc iribi mtkicebulebebia.
15. im oficrebma, romlebmac miiRes monawileoba am sakiTxis gadawyvetaSi,
datoves samxedro samsaxuri 366 polkSi da Semdgom dawinaurdnen mTiani
yarabaxis Tavdacvis struqturebSi
16. saSinelebasa da Sokis, rac naxes meore dilas iq Casulebma, gamoxatavs
Semdegi Cveneba. 26 Tebervals me gamoviyvane daWrilebi stenakertidan
da vbrundebodi askeronis karebidan. TvalebSi sacemi iyo raRac naTeli
laqebi. Cven Zirs daveSviT da am dros Cemma bortmeqnikosma iyvira ,,uyureT
iq qalebi da bavSvebi arian“. mec am dros ukve vxedavdi 200-mde mokluls,
romelnic momofantulni iyvnen mTis ferdobze, romelTa Soris SeiaraRe-
buli adamianebi dadiodnen. SemdgomSi Cven davfrinavdiT da vcdilobdiT
yvela gvami gamogveyana. CvenTan iyo adgilobrivi miliciis kapitani, me
damaviwyda mas ra erqva. man iq ipova Tavisi oTxi wlis Svili gatexili TaviT
da gagiJda. meore bavSvi, romelic Cven vipoveT, masas Tavi qonda moWrili.
yvelgan vawydebodiT qalebis, moxucebis da bavSvebis dasaxiCrebul gv-
amebs“... leonid kraveci, piloti maiori.
209
SemdgomSi yvelaferi es fiqsirebuli iqna foto da videos meS-
veobiT, xolo ramdeni xnis Semdeg tragediis adgilas Camovidnen
azerbaijanuli masmediis da ucxoeli samxedro korespondentebi17.
wyaroebi danakargs Semdeg nairad afaseben: 613 mokluli, 200
mde ugzo ukvlod dakarguli, 487 daWrili, romelTa umravlesobam
dakarga kidurebi an Tvali. asaxeleben 1275 qals da bvSvebs, romle-
bic gaitaces gamosydvis mizniT. somxuri mxare uaryofs am cifrebs
da Tvlis rom isini gadametebulia da ar iRebs pasuxisgeblobas am
danaSaulze. miuxedavd imisa, rom arsebobs mdidari materialuri
dokumentacia, romelic msxveplTa da daSavebulTa ricxvs exeba,
momxdaris kulisebi jer kidev daudgenli rCeba.
mTeli rigi damatebiTi gaugebrobebi da amiT gamowveuli kiTx-
vebi moitana TviT mutalibovma, romelmac man sami Tvis Semdeg mis-
ca interviu ,,nezavisimaia gazetas“ Jurnalists, sadac momxdaris
Sesaxeb, pasuxisgebloba azerbaijanis saxalxo fronts daakisra.
rogorc gadarCenilebi amboben, es yvelaferi mowyobili iqna
imisTvis, rom me gadavdgariyavi. raRac Zalebi cdilobdnen Cems
diskreditacias. rogorc prezidentis. me ar vfiqrob rom somxebi,
romlebmac Zalian mkafiod ician aseTi situaciebis Sesaxeb, miecaT
17. Tavisi emociebis da grZnobebis Sesaxeb yvebian Jurnalistebi. pirve-
lad ori vertmfrenis dacvis TanxlebiT Cven 28 Tebervals CamovfrindiT.
zemodan Cven davinaxeT moedani 500 metris radiusiT, romelic savse iyo
moklulTa gvamebiT. pilotebs eSinodaT, rom damjdariyvnen, radgan teri-
torias somexi separatistebi akontrolebdnen. rodesac vertmfreni dajda.
daiwyo srola. milicionerebs, romlebic Cven gvicavdnen, unda CaetvirTaT
moklulTa gvamebi, magram maT mxolod oTxi gvamis Setana moaswres vertmf-
renSi. Cven namdvil SokSi viyaviT. orma CvenTaganma goneba dakarga, rodesac
amdeni dasaxiCrebuli gvami dainaxa. bevri CvenTagni loculobda. igive game-
orda 2 marts, rodesac Cven CamovfrindiT ucxoel korespondentebTan. maT
naxes dasaxiCrebuli da Seuracyofili gvamebi... zogierTi calke iyo dax-
vretili, bevri mTeli ojaxebiT iqna mokluli. bevrs aReniSneboda Wrilo-
bebi, erTi Wriloba aucileblad Tavze iyo, rac niSnavda imas, rom es sakon-
trolo gasrolebi iyo. Cven kameriT gadaviReT ramdenime bavSvi, moWrili
yurebiT. mamakacebs skalps aZrobdnen. sikvdilis Semdgom cxedrebs Cxrekd-
nen...- Cingiz mustafevi, azerbaijanis televiziis korespondenti.
...Cven vxedavdiT asobiT moklul adamians-qalebs, kacebs, moxucebs, bavS-
vebs, jariskacebs romlebic icavdnen xodjalis. Cven mogvces vertmfreni
da zemodan vigebdiT yvelafers xojalis garSemo. rodesac somxebma SeamC-
nies Cveni vertmfrenis cecxli gaxsnes da Cven ver SevZeliT gadaRebis das-
ruleba. suraTi iyo saSineli. me bevri gamigia omze, faSistebis sisastikis
Sesaxeb, magram somxebma TavianTi qmedebiT yvela daCrdiles, rodesac xo-
cavdnen 5-6 wlis bavSvebs. Cven vnaxeT bevri daWrili saavadmyofoebSi, va-
gonebSi sabvSvo baRebSic ki -jan-iv iuzi. frangi Jurnalisti.
210
ufleba azerbaijanelbisTvis mieRoT maT faSizmSi damadastureb-
li masalebi. unda vivaraudoT, rom viRac dainteresebuli iyo, rom
yvelaferi eCvenebinaT umaRlesi sabWos sesiaze, rom Semdgom momx-
dariyo fokusireba Cems personaze.“
marTalia am sityvebSi igrZnoba didi wyeba, magram aris maTSi
garkveuli argumentebic, romelic gasagebs gaxdida tragediis
gaugebar momentebs axali garemoebebidan gamomdinare. braldebis
subieqturoba, romelic mutalibovma warmoadgina ar xsnis maT
ufro racionalurs. bevr gaugebar kiTxvebze aq SeiZleba movZe-
bnoT logikuri pasuxebi. am TvalsazrisiT sainteresoa misi inte-
vius meore nawili.
,,rodesac me vlaprakob rom pasuxisgebloba tragediaze unda
daekisros opozicias, me SeiZleba damadaSaulon insinuaciebSi.
magram cnobilia, rom somxebi rogorc yovelTvis tovebdnen kori-
dors mSvidobiani mosaxleobis gasasvlelad. ratom unda esrolaT
maTTvis? agdamis siaxloves dislocirebuli sakmaod bevri azer-
baijanuli razmebi, romlebsac SeeZloT mosuliyvnen dasaxmare-
blad. an rogorc xdeboda molaprakebuliyvnen mSvidobiani mo-
saxleobis gasvlaze. ratom ar moxda arc erTi da arc meore.?
me sul meubnebodnen rom xojali Tavs icavs, rom mas sWirdeba
iaraRi, xalxi da produqtebi. me gaveci gankargulba rom yove-
live es vertmfenebiT gaegzavnaT. rodesac xojali alyaSi moeqca,
saWiro iyo mSvidobiani mosaxleobis evakuacia. me ver gamigia ratom
ar moxda es.
im periodSi me ramdenjerme vesaubre yarabaxis umaRlesi sabWos
Tavjdomares mkrtiCians. me vuTxari ,,Tqven mokaliT aTasi admiani.
mogveciT saSualeba rom maTi cxedrebi manic gamovitanoT“ man mi-
pasuxa, rom man araferi icis amis cxedrebis Sesaxeb da rom maT yavT
Cveni tyveebi, romelsac isini aWmeven da es maSin rodesac maT Tvi-
Ton ar aqvT saWmeli. isini xalisiT gacvlidnen am tyveebs TavianT
mZevlebze.“
Txumeti wlis Semdeg mutalibovma mulodnelad uari Tqva aq
moyvanil braldebebze, radgan xelmZRvanelobda im mosazrebebiT,
romelmac migviyvana maT axsnamde, romelic sruladac ar amcirebs
maT mniSvnelobas.
211
xojali
Tomas de vaali
1992 wlis dawyebidan somxebma daiw-

yes karabaxis dedaqalq stenakertidan
gamosvla. maT daiwyes azerbaijanuli
soflebis xelSi Cagdeba romelic gars
ertya qalaqs da iqidan asobiT azer-
bajanuli mosaxlis gandevna, romelic
jer kidev iq rCeboda. maTi (somxebis)
mTavari mizani gaxda qalaq xojalis
xelSi Cagdeba, romelic Crdilo-aR-
mosavleTiT xuTi milis daSorebiT
mdebareobda stepanakerti da sadac
am regionis erTaderTi aerodromi
mdebareobda. xojali iyo didi az-
arbaijanuli gadasaxlebis programis
centri. 1991 wels qalaqis mosaxleoba
6300 kacs Seadgenda18.
1991 wlis oqtomberSi somxebma gadaketes gza, romelic xojalis
da agdams aerTebda, amis gamo erTaderTi saSualeba qalaqSi moxve-
drisa gaxda vertmfreni; agdamidan mokle afrena da swrafi daSveba
,,StoporiT“. ai is gza romelic unda gaevlo mgzavrs am or qalqs
Soris. ianvarSi, rodesac amerikelma reportiorma Tomas holcma
imogzaura am saSineli marSutiT, man aRmoaCina, rom qalaqi cudad
iyo daculi da iyineboda. „xojaliSi ar iyo telefonebi romelic
muSaobda, araferi ar muSaobda-ar iyo eleqtroenergia, sawvavi gaT-
bobisTvis, wyalmomarageba“... werda holci „erTaderTi saSualeba
gare samyarosTan kavSiris damyarebisa iyo vertmfreni- xolo misi
yoveli reisis Sesruleba dakavSirebuli iyo did safrTxesTan“. im
dros rodesac bolo vertmfreni Camofrinda xojaliSi-1992 wlis
13 Tebervals, qalaqidan evakuirebuli iqna 300 kaci, magram qalaqSi
rCeboda jer kidev 3000 adamiani... qalaqs icavda aeroportSi gan-
lagebuli omonis ufrosi alif gajievi da 160 msubuqad SeiarRe-
buli jariskaci. qalaqis mkvidrni gangaSiT elodnen somxebis Tav-
dasxmas19.
18 Юнусов А. Трагедия ходжалы. Зеркало. 1992. 13-19 июня (№25)

19. Гальц Т. Азербаиджански дневник с. 119 Эльман Мамедов, глава администрации
212
somxebis qalaqze ieriSi daiwyo 25 Tebervals Ramis 9 saaTze, sa-
varaudod es TariRi SeirCa sumgaiTis 4 wlis Tavis aRsaniSnavad. 366
polkis javSanmanqanebma mxardaWera aRmouCines Tavdasxmelebs...
maT xojalis sami mxridan alya Semoartyes, amis Semdgom somexi
mebrZolebi Sevidnen qalaqSi da gaanadgures qalaqis damcvelebi.
mosaxleobis gamosasvlelad mxolod erTi gza iqna gaxsnili.
zogieri cnobis mixedviT gajievma ubrZana mosaxleobas agdamSi
gaqceuliyvnen. man ramdenime milicioneri gaayola maT, rom dae-
cvaT isini. Rame, adaminebis uzarmazarma jgufma tyis masivis gav-
liT muxlebamde TovlSi ferdobze daSveba daiwyo, romelic pa-
tara Rele gargarTan midioda. dila adrian xojalis mcxovrebni,
romelTa Soris ramodenime milicioneri iyo, somxebiT dasaxle-
bul sofel naxCivaniks miadgnen. mTeli ubedureba is iyo, rom isini
mas miadgnen gaSlili velis mxridan, ferdobebze Casafrebulma
somxebma maT cecxli gauxsnes. milicionerebma sapasuxe cecxli gax-
snes, magram maTi simciris gamo isini maleve daiRupnen. sul ufro
meti gaqceuli xojalis mkvidri modioda am velze, sadac maT war-
moudgaT saSineli suraTi uiaraRo mosaxleobis xocva -jletisa.
xojalis mkvidrma xoJran alekperma ,,human raits votCis“ warmo-
madgenels ganucxada, rom „rodesac Cven mivaRwieT naxiCivaniks,
dilis 9 saaTi iyo. iq iyo mindori (veli) sadac bevri mokles, me ar
damiTvlia, albaT asamde kaci iyo. am velze mec damWres, gadjif
alievs esrodnen da me mindoda mas davxmarebodi, magram tyvia mu-
celSi momxvda. me vxedavdi saidan isrodnen isini. me vxedavdi sxva
cxedrebs, romelnic iq eyarnen. isini axlad daxocilebi iyvnen,
radgan maTi saxis feri jer kidev Secvlili ar iyo20.“
ramodenime dRis Semdeg aq Camosul gamomZieblebs da reportio-
rebs saSineli suraTi warudgaT. daTovlili miwa savse iyo daxo-
cilebiT. ,,Taimsis“ reportiori anatol liveni ityobineboda, rom
„ramodenime cxedari patara gogonas CaTvliT dafaruli iyvnen
saSineli WrilobebiT: mas mxolod saxe qonda darCenili. azerbai-
janelma prokurorma iusuf agaevma Wrilobebis garSemo denTis
kvali SeamCnia da daaskvna, rom bevri daRupuli axlo manZilidan
iyo mokluli,,.. isini daxvrites axlo manZilidan. Cven viyaviT iq sa-
города ходжалы, интервю данное в Агдаме ANS TV, Tebervali 1992 holcis si-
tyvebis mixedviT adjievis meTaurobis qveS iyo omonis 60 mebrZoli, xolo
iunusovi wers, rom saerTo raodenoba qalaqis damcvelebisa 160 kacs Sead-
genda.
20.sisxlisRvra kavkasiaSi// human raits votC gv.22
213
dac es moxda. CemTvis rogorc specialistisTvis es cxadia“21. bevri
iyo mokluli aTeulobiT adamiani gaiyina tyeSi. aTasobiT xojalis
mcxovrebi tyved iqna ayvanili, maT Soris ramodenime aTeuli Turqi
mesxeTeli devnili Sua aziidan.
arsebobs sxvadasxva Sefaseba, Tu ramdeni adamiani daiRupa
xojaliSi. sando cifri aris 485 adamianis daRupva, romelic ga-
moaqveyna azerbaijanis parlamentis komisiam. Tu mxedvelobaSi mi-
viRebT im garemoebas, rom aq Sedian samxedroebic , romlebic gar-
daicvalnen gadacivebis Sedegad. es cifri aWarbebs moklulebis
saerTo raodenobas mTiani yarabaxis omis sxva epizodebisa... 22
TandaTanobiT gavrcelda cnoba, rom xojaliSi moxda masobri-
vi mkvleloba. dasawyisSi gare samyaros ar undoda amis dajereba,
radgan msoflio masmedia somxebs warmoadgenda, rogorc msxver-
pls am konfliqtisa, xolo azebaijanelebs, rogorc agresorebs.
interviu romelic misca maSindelma azerbaijanis prezidentma aiz
mutalibovma 1992 wlis aprilSi, sadac is cdilobda Tavi gaemar-
Tlebina qalaqis dacvaSi daSvebuli Secdomebis gamo da yvelaferi
gadaebralebina saxalxo frontisaTvis. somxeTSi xSirad moyavdaT
misi interviu Tavis gasamarTleblad23.
21 liven a. masobrivi mkvlelobis adgili karabaxSi gvamebiT aris aRniSnuli.
Taimsi 1992, 3 marti. interviu ageevTan 2000 wlis 25 noemberi
22. xojalis tragediis Semdeg gaCnda sxvadasxva statistikuri monacemebi
da es gasagebicaa mxedvelobaSi Tu miviRebT am garemoebebs. danaSaulis
Cadenis adgilTan misvla gaZnelebuli iyo, asobiT adamiani tyved Cavarda.
mravali dRis ganmavlobaSi maT Sesaxeb ar iyo cnobili. Cveulebrivi ambavi
aseTi tragediebisTvis- romelic sumgaitsa da baqos momdar darbevebsac
Seexeba. xdeba rom cifrebi varirebs radgan maTSi bevria uzustobebi sxa-
dasxva garemoebebTan dakavSirebiT, radgan aseT situaciaSi Znelia zusti
statistikuri aRweris Sedgena daRupulebisa, tyved Cavardnilebisa da a.
S. xojalis tragediasTan dakavSirebiT, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT cnobebi
gamoaqveyna azerbaijanis parlamentis komisiam, misma wevrma namig alievma
finur gazeT ,,helsinki votCs“ ganucxada 1992 wlis aprilSi, rom agdamSi
dasaflavebul iqna 213 msxverpli, xolo meore azerbaijanelma Cinovnikma
aiden rasulovma gamomZieblebs uTxra: eqspertizaze iqna Camoyvanili 300
cxedari Zaldobrivi mkvlelobis kvaliT. maT Soris rogorc Cans iyvnen gay-
inulebic. (bolo ori cifri aRiarebuli iqna „human raits votCis“ moxsene-
bidan „sisxlis Rvra kavkasiaSi“. gv.23. rogorc gazeTi yarabaxi ityobinebo-
da daxmareba gaica daRupulTa 476 adaminis ojaxebze (iusunovis werilidan
avtors 2001 wlis aprilSi agdamSi imamama aCvena T. holcs arasruli sia 477
adamianisa, romelic maTi naTesavebis TqmiT moklulni iyvnen. (golci T.
azerbaijanuli dRiuri . gv 122-123) azerbaijanuli gazeTma „ordu“-m. (1992
wlis 9, 16 da 20 nomeri) gamoaqveyna 636 daRupulis sia (iunusovis werili-
dan).
23. gadacemda ra cnobebs agdamidan T. holci waawyda did sirTuleebs rom
214
dRes bevri somexi aRiarebs, rom bevri mSvidobiani mcxovrebi
mokluli iqna xojalidan gaqcevis dros. bevri amaSi brals sdebs
arareguraluri armiis jariskacebs (moxaliseebs), romelnic da-
moukideblad moqmedebdnen. somxeTis policiis maiorma valeri ba-
bianma gamoTqva varaudi, rom momxdaris mizezi- SurisZieba gaxda.
man uambo amerikel reportiors pol qiun-dJadJus, rom mebr-
Zolebi vinc monawileoba miiRo xodjalize TavdasxmaSi „warmoSo-
biT sumgaiTidan da magdagvari adgilebidan iyvnen“24.
pasuxobda ra kiTxvas xojalis dakavebaze somexma sardalma
serj sarqisianma frTxilad ganacxada; Cven aseT sakiTxebze ar vl-
aprakobT“ misi azriT „bevri ram aris gadaWarbebuli moklulebis
ricxvTan dakavSirebiT, gaqceulma azebijanelebma winaaRmdegoba
gaswies„ serJ sarqisianma es movlenebi ufro gulaxdila da xis-
tad Seafasa: „me vfiqrob rom mTavari sxva rameSia . xojalmde azer-
baijanlebi fiqrobdnen, rom CvenTan xumroba SeiZleboda, isini
fiqrobdnen, rom somxebi ver aiReben xels samoqalaqo mosaxleoba-
ze. Cven SevZeliT am stereotipis dangreva. ai ra moxda. garda amisa
unda miviRoT mxedvelobaSi rom im biWebs Soris iyvnen adamianebi,
romlebic baqodan da sumgaitdan gamoiqcnen“.
sarqisianis Sefaseba sxva kuTxiT gvaxedebs mosaxleobis
yvelaze sastik xocva Jletaze karabaxis omSi da ar aris gamoricx-
uli, rom masobrivi mkvlelobebis mizezi iyo daSinebis mcdeloba
azerbaijanelbis mimarT.
Targmnilia tomas valis wignidan

,,somxeTi da azerbaijani mSvidobis da omis gasayarze“
New York & London: New York University Press, 2003. p. 169-172
daejerebina redaqtorebi momxdaris sinamdvileSi. mutalibovis inteviu

gamoqveynda rusul gazeT ,,nezavisimaia gazetaSi“ 1991 wli 2 aprils.
24.quin-dJadJ pol. somxebi da azerbaijanelbi amboben saSinelebebs;
grZeli kvali piradi SurisZiebis momxdar savraudo xocvaSi //boston
gloub,1992.15 marti.
215
„yvirili” xodjalis Semdeg
iuri pampeevi
ukanaskneli wveTi, romlmac gadaav-

so karabaxis sisxliani morevi, iyo mx-
ecuri Zaldoba mZinare qalaq-dabis,
xojalis mosaxleobaze 1992 wlis 25-26
Tebervlis Rames. nebismieri Sedareba
xatintanTan da songmTan miuReblia;
iq damsjelebi skalpebis koleqcias ar
agrovebdnen, miTumetes daucveli ad-
minebis yuris niJarebs, isani maT klavd-
nen yovelgvari paTosis gareSe.
„xojaliSi mxolod mkvdrebi darC-
nen“ -auwya msoflios „moskovskie novos-
tim“. iseTi SegrZneba iyo, rom RmerTi
marTla mokvda. korespondenti viqto-
ria ivlieva misive aRiarebiT midioda
ara pirvel, aramed meore eSelonSi moerieSebis da xojalis mis-
adgomebTan SeamCnia, rom misi mimarTulebiT raRac moZraobda,
romelic Rrubels gavda. Rrubeli- sinamdvileSi, naxevrad Cauc-
meli adaminebi aRmoCndnen: „ukanskneli Turqul brboSi, romelic
gamorboda, iyo qali, romelic sam SvilTan erTad morboda. is
Zlivs modioda xSirad ecemoda. aRmoCnda rom yvelaze patara mis
Svilebs Soris ori dRis iyo“.
am qalis da misi Svilebis beds, isev rogorc asobiT devnilisa
im „Rrubelidan“ me Tvali mivadevne satelevizio firze, romlis
xmovani biliki Seavso operatoris moTqmam. „Rrubels“ xvretdnen
cicabo ferdobidan piradpiri damiznebiT, adamianebi ecemodnen
saxiT RmerTisken, romelic maT samudamod wavida maTgan.
ivlievas erT erT fotoze - saxelic rogori aqvs viqtoria! oTxi
mamaci fedaini dgas mokluli ,,azerebis“ grovasTan ase iRebdnen
fotoebs faSistebi gamarjvebiT gabruebulebi saxrCobelebis
fonze.
ar minda ra, rom yvela mkiTxvelma naxos ivlevas fotorepor-
taJi visargebleb ekipirebis arweriT, „nacional-ganmatavisufle-
buri omis gmirebisa“ romelsac iZleva Jurnal „PRO ARMENIA“ konstantin
voevodski Cemda samarcxvinod Cemi Tanamemamule da uflebadam-
216
cveli „КриК“ dan.
,, umetesoba Cacmulia desantnikebis formis magvar samosSi, xa-
kis an Sav ferebSi. welze da mkerdze jvaredinad Semoxveuli aqvT
tyviis lentebi. zurgze avtomati an karabini, qamarze pistoleti
erTi an oric ki, gverdiT ori lomonka. Tqven es ar gaSinebT ? Tua
arada da ager mematianis damateba. imaT visac adre jibeSi avtokal-
mis edoT, axla kidiaT ramodenime patara TviTnakeTi bomboCka“
sakmarisia!
gana ivlievas fotoebi ar aris dokumenti saerTaSoriso sa-
samrTlosTvis haagaSi? da es erTaderTi mtkicebuleba ar aris
sisxliani angariSsworebisa. ubralod „moskovskie novosti“
pirvelebma daiwyes fedainebis „gagmireba“, Tumca ver SesZles!
ver SeZles sami kviris meti! ver SeaZles daemlaT is sisastike in-
formirebuli dasavleTisagan, rogorc Cernobilis katastrofa.
uceb gavifiqre, Semdgom ki azri: ar iqneba araviTari sasamarT-
lo, avtorebi da Semsruleblebi Tavs mSvenivrad da usafrTxod
grZnoben, rogorc eSmakebi morevSi. gana dagmo es araadamianuri
qmedeba rusuli inteligenciis komitetma ,,karabaxma“?. Semiwyale
RmerTo, romelic mokvda. rogorc Cans, КриК ukve rogori wiTeli
siTxe modis qristianebsa da muslimebs Soris, romelic moZraobs
Cvens sxeulSi gulis meSveobiT. omsac uyvars sisxli da mas iTxovs-
Tvlian damcvelebi da uflebadamcvelebi yarabaxis.
gulic sisxliT mevseba roca vixseneb, Tu rogor cinikurad aRi-
ara yofilma „КРИК“-elma nuikinma: „Cven sakuTari xelebiT SevqmniT
yarabaxs“.
axla ki mas SeuZlia daamatos; da xodjalis.
CemTvis, rogorc rusi literatorisTvis, zustad erTi TviT
adre xojalinis movlenebamde cnobili gaxda, rom mzaddeba maso-
brivi sisxlisRvra, rogoric azerbaijanSi iyo 1990 wlis ianvarSi.
„radio, televizia, gazeTebis umravlesoba Zabavs antiazerbai-
janul isterias“,-vwerdi boris elcinis da ruslan xazbulaTovis
saxelze gagzvnil depeSaSi 1992 wlis 26 ianvars.- Suamavloba ar
gamovida. gasagebi xdeba, rom ruseTis egidiT yarabxSi mzaddeba
sisxliani angariSsworeba, romelic boeikebis da gansakuTrebuli
rusuli polkis anabaraa mitovebuli. movuwode rusul xelisu-
flebas gamoeyvana xankendidan (stepanakertidan) 366 polki da Ta-
vidan aecilebinaT sisxliani xocva Jleta.
366 polkis jariskaci viqtoria ivlieva Sturmis dros xoja-
lis ver xedavda: gasagebia rom is midioda fotokameriT meore eS-
217
elonSi, magram xedavda Tavis TvaliT saarmio javSanteqnikas da
qalaqis dabombvas, romelic win uZRoda qalaqis Sturms.
siuJetisTvis uintereso ar iqneba, rom amve dros 26-27 Teber-
vals dRe naxevari dayo gianjaSi samSvidobo misiiT iranis sagreo
saqmeTa ministrma ali akbar velaiTim. man ver SeZlo gafrena xan-
kendiSi. misi frenis usafrTxoebaze somxurma mxarem garantiebi ar
misca, miuxedavad adre miRweuli SeTanxmebisa cecxlis Sewyvetis
Sesaxeb. es moratoriumi gaxda xojalinebisaTvis SeTanxmeba si-
cocxlis SewyvetasTan. velaiTis Casvla ar gamocxdebul zonaSi
saomari moqmedebebisa winaswar ganzraxviT iSleboda, radgan pro-
fesiul mkvlelebs fedainebidan da gansakuTrebuli polkis ja-
riskacebidan umtkicebda yvela mxares, rom maT araviTari samSvi-
dobo misia ar sWirdebodaT. gza romelic maT airCies iyo- agresiis
da Zaladobis.
1992 wlis 26 Tebervals me gavakeTe Canaweri dRiurSi.
„saimedo informaciis ararseboba, sicrius CanCqeri, romelic
modis sainformacio gadacemebidan ,,vestidan“ da ,,novostidan“
stepanakertis dabombvis Sesaxeb, SemTxveviToba ar aris; azerbai-
janul mxares radio Tavisflebis informaciiT ar gaaCnia ,,gra-
dis“ sistemis danadgarebi. is gaaCnia mTiani yarbaxis marionetul
Zalebs, romlebic anadgureben misi meSveobiT SuSas, xojalis da
azerbaijanul soflebs yarabaxis xeobaSi da amave dros uSveben
reaqtiul Wurvebs Tavis dedaqlaqis SemogarenSi, xolo step-
anakertis centrSi wvaven Zvel saburavebs da nagavs, rom isini xr-
Colavdnen kvireebis ganmavlobaSi. ase, rom simarTle poulobs
gzas, ise rogorc informacia ucxoeli daqirvebulebis Sesaxeb
somex boevikTa Soris. ukanasknelebis Sesaxeb -or axlgazrdis Ses-
axeb (alik kani da valodia romlebic gaiqcnen erT erTi samxedro
nawilidan, wavikiTxe parizSi gamomavl ,,ruskoi misl“-Si, romelic
gajerebuli iyo ara marto mxecuri siZulviliT kavSiris mimarT,
aramed mcdelobiT rom erTmaneTs wahkidon maTTvis ucxo rusul
miwaze marTlmadideblebi da muslimebi, azerbaijanlebi da rusebi,
samxedroebi da samoqalaqoebi, realistebi avngardistebi, rusuli
eklesia mis ucxour mrevlT da a. S.. mSvidoba maTTvis Cvens mxareSi
miuRebelia. mtroba unda Camoagdo gamarjvebulebs Sorisac daun-
doblad da Tavxedurad. ,,ruskoi mislis“ yovel nomerSi interviu
an statia КриК-is warmomadgenlebisagan. isini yvelgan arian. am
informaciuli sicruisgan ara marto cudad xdebi aramed suls
xavsi ekideba. myrali sicruis sityvebi mkvdaria da Cven gvwam-
218
laven rogorc gaxrwnili gvamis Sxami. elene boneris Caxrewili
xma amtkicebs, rom xojalis msxverplTa ricxvi ar aRemateba aT-
eul adamians da ara asobiT da aTasobiT. da mas ujereben rogorc
uflebadamcveli andre saxarovis qvrivs, romelmac araferi ar gaa-
keTa Turqi mesxebis dasacavad perestroikis apoTeozis dros, ma-
gram mkerdiT dadga teroristuli organizaciis ,,axali somxeTis“
wevrebis zatikianis, stepanianis, da bagdasarianis dasacavad, rom-
lebmac afeTqeba moawyves moskovis metroSi 1977 wels, ris Sedega-
dac aTobiT udanaSaulo adamiani daiRupa
amaze laparaki mogvianebiT gveqneba.
axla aqve minda davimowmo da moviyvano „moskovskie novostis“
1992 wlis 15 martis nomeri, sadac laparakia yarabaxis movleneb-
Si somexi teroristebis monawileobaze. kiTxvaze „arian Tu ara
somxeTSi somxuri diasporidan teroristebi „МН“ korespondetma
iosif vardanianma ganacxada, rom arian da moyavs gamonaTqvamebi
Tavis 34 wlis respondentis bazgen sislaevis, romelic somxeTSi
libanidan Camovida, rogorc turisti. is monawileobda gabedul
aqciebSi parizis kvartal osmanSi 60 mZevlis ayvanis dros (1991 wlis
dekemberi) iseve rogorc budapeStSi TurqeTis elCze TavdasxmaSi.
asalas (somxeTis farulis ganmaTavisufleburi armia) es mebrZoli
Tavis nacionalur Rirsebas icavs, xocavs ra ori dRis bavSvebs xo-
jaliSi. ratomac ara? „kanoni Zlieris mxaresaa“ amtkicebs vazgen
sislani da misi mfarvelebi КриК-dan. nuTu ar ician Cvenma intelq-
tualebma rom martivi Segoneba, imis Sesaxeb rom keisars keisrisa,
xolo zeinkals -zeinklisa. profesiuli mkvlelisTvis da moZald-
isTvis, romelic mZevlebze, qalebze da bavSvebze nadirobs, Tavisi
nacionaloba da Rirseba didi xania dakarga.
azerbaijanis erT erT sazRvrispira raionSi SamSadis raionTan
Jurnalist iuri arakelianis Tanxmad 70 wlebSi Zegli daudges
. m, alievs, m. mamedovs. s. sakibekovs da sxva komunistebs, romle-
bic 1920 wels movidnen alyaSi moqceuli somxebis dasaxmareblad
Camoutanes ra maT navTi, puri, marcvleuli. azerbaijanuli gva-
rebis qveS somexma xelosanma amoikveTa brZnuli sityvebi „purs da
marils ver daxvritav“.
dRes es Zegli ganadgurebulia, daxvretilia puric da marilic
yarabaxis sisxliani morevi

baqo. gamocemloba azerbaijani 1992 gv 8-12
219
Cemi Zmis gza
markar melkonian
bevri somexi acxadebs, rom xojaliSi

momxdari xocva-jleta an gadaWarbebu-
lia an TviTon azerbaijanelebma mokles
Tavisianebi. is Tu rogor uWirs aRiareba
dasavleTs, rom somxebi iyvnen agresore-
bi, am wignis sxva adgilebSic aris moce-
muli (ixileT gv,190, 210) magram aris im
mxridanac admianebi, romlebic aRiareben
somxebis pasuxismgeblobas. am wignis wina-
sityvaoba iwyeba serj sarqisianis komen-
tarebiT, im omis mxedarTmTavriT da somx-
eTis dRevandeli prezidentiT. romelic
am eWvebs fantavs. aris aseve sxva somexis
monaTxrobi, romelic adasturebs, rom
xojanilis tragedia ar iyo azerbaijan-
elTa saSineli gegma moepovebinaT TanagrZnoba TavianT brZolaSi.
monte melkoniani daibada kaliforniaSi, iyo teroristuli
organizaciis asala-s wevri, romeli uswordeboda Turq diplo-
matebs da moawyo cnobili afeTqeba orlis aeroportSi (15. 07.
1983) ris Sedegadac uamravi adamiani daiRupa, romelnic ar iyvnen
Turqebi... is somxeTis nacionalur gmirad iTvleba.
markar malkonianis wignSi `Cemi Zmis gza” is wers Tavis Zmis
montes rolze yarabaxis omSi. is piradpir wers, Tu ra sisatikes
Cadiodnen somxebi da gvaZlevs srul suraTs xojalis movlenebisa.
markari wers, rom misi Zma tyveebis mokvlis winaaRmdegi iyo.
magram is gadaeyara Tavxedur daumorCileblobas, rodesac mon-
tesTvis cnobili gaxda 38 datyvevebuli azerbaijaneli mokles
sofel karadagliSi, man aseve gaigo kidev ufro sastik Zaladobaze
...`26 Tebervals monte idga gorakis ferdobze xojaliSi, im
adgilas, saadac man Caatra pirveli sadazvervo operacia sami
kviris ukan da aTvalierebda dasisxlianebul tanscmels (Salebs
romelic mimofantuli iyo yavisfer balaxze da Tovlze. rogorc
ki is xodjaliSi Camovida da gaigo brZolebis Sesaxeb, man maSinve
nawil-nawil daiwyo monaTxrobebis Segroveba momxdar sisxlian
xocva Jletaze, romelic sul raRac erTi saaTiT adre moxda vidre
220
is Camovidoda”.
intenet sivrceSi komentarebi am wignze gamoxatven im did
Tayvaniscemas, romeliTac gamsWvaluli arian monte melkonia-
nis personisadmi da mas somxeTis erovnul gmirad Tvlian. aqedan
gamomdinare SeiZleba yofiliyo molodini, rom misi Zma Seecde-
boda daekninebina is sisastike, rac moxda mSvidobian mosaxleo-
baze Tavdasxmis dros montes nominaluri meTaurobis dros ,magram
markarianis mier mkafiod aRwerili movlenebi axdens STabeWdile-
bas, rom movlenebis es aRwera sinamdviles Seefereba.
`daaxloebiT saRamos 11 saTze 2000 somexi mebrZoli miuax-
lovda xodjalis maRali balaxis safar qveS xoxviT samive mxridan
da aiZules ra mosaxleoba gaqceuliyo erTaderTi koridoris meS-
veobiT aRmosavleTisaken. 26 Tebervlis dilas devnilebi mividnen
aRmosavleT yarbaxis napirTan. cdilobdnen ra Tavi SefarebinaT
qalaq agdamisTvis, romelic daaxloebiT eqvsi milis manZilze iyo.
swored aq am borcvebze im qalaqis axlos romelsac isini unda ga-
derCina, mTiani yarbaxis jariskacebma isini qveviT garekes. ìsini
isrodnen da isrodnen~- uyveboda devnli raiSa aslanova orga-
nizacia `HHuman Rights Watch~-is warmomadgenlebs. Semdgom arabos me-
brZolebma amoiRes danebi, romelsac ase didxans atrebdnen qamriT
da daiwyes amiT xalxis xocva~.
kidev erTxel SegaxsenebT, rom skalpireba da gvamebis Seura-
cyofa-es azerbaijanelebis naxelavia, romlebsac surdaT kidev
ufro meti dramatizireba am movlenebis. melkonianis monaTxrobi
mkafiod uCvenebs Tu vin moqmedebda danebiT da datoves TavianTi
beladisTvis saSineli samxilebi TavianTi sisastikisa.
àxla mxolod qaris stvena ismoda xmel balxebSi, magram qar-
ma jer kidev ver moaswro gaefanta is simyrale, romelic modioda
gvamebidan. monte Camovida martuniSi ocdaori dRis ukan da amis
Semdgom, romelic azebaijanelTa masobrivi daxocvis adgilebSi
dadioda, romelic datvevbuli da uiarRo glexebis sisxliT iyo
gaJRenTili”.
Secodeba-iSviaTi grZnobaa omis dros. gansxvaveba sicocxlesa
da sikvdils Soris mSvidobiani mosaxleobisTvis, romlbsac omma
mouswro, SeiZleba iyos mxolod taqtikis sakiTxi anda molarakebis
Zala. rogorc inteviudan Cans, romelic wignis dasawyisSia mocem-
li, xojalis qalebi da bvSvebi iyvnen an samizneebi anda gacvlis
obieqti.
`...rodesac saqme exeba zrdasul kacebs mebrZolebi orive mxri-
221
dan ar avlendnen gansxvavebas samxedro da samoqalo mosaxleobas
Soris. magram xojalamde somexi samxedroebi qalebs da bavSvebs ar
klavdnen. isini maT an uSvebdnen an mZevlad itovebdnen, rom Semd-
gom tyveebSi gaecvalT. am sakiTxSi maTi reputacia ufro ukeTesi
iyo vidre meore mxarisa. magram xodjalize Tavdasxmam Seamcira
gansxvaveba angariSSi”.
cnobebis Tanaxmad monte melkoni mwuxarebas gamoxatavda sisx-
lian angariSgebaze udanaSaulo adamianebis mimarT, rac mis armiaSi
disciplinis ar arsebobaze metyvelebs : `monte daixara balaxisken,
sadac damtvreuli TojinebiviT eyarnen qalebi da gogonebi. ,,arvi-
Tari diswiplina-ambobda is. is grZnobda am dRis mniSvnelobas: es
iyo meoTxe wlisTavi sumgaiTSi momxdari antisomxuri darbevebisa.
xojali iyo strategiuli mizani da garda amisa, SurisZiebis obi-
eqti”.
222
xojalis Wriloba da mutalibovis
Camovardna
svante i. korneli
1991 wlis warumatebeli putCi gor-

baCovis winaaRmdeg gaxda ganmsazRvre-
li momenti mTiani yarabaxis konfliqt-
Si. ambobdnen rom mxolod is sami dRe,
roca mimdinareobda putCi, iyo sami dRe
1991 wlisa yarabaRSi roca ar isrodnen,
radgan mavanT eSinodaT im represiebi-
sa romelic SeiZleboda mohyoloda am
putCs25. magram rogorc ki azerbaijanma
gamoacxada damoukidebloba1991 wlis
2 seqtembers, maSinve mTiani yarabaxis
samxareo saTaTbirom wamoayena preten-
ziebigeranbovis raionze (somxebi mas
eZaxdnen Saumianis raions), romelic
mdebareobda avtonomiuri mxaris CrdiloeTiT. amis pasuxad azer-
baijani Seecada aRedgina kontroli yarabaxze.mTliani samxedro
teqnika respublikisa iyo nacionalizebuli, xolo azerbaiijaneli
moxaliseebi ki sabWoTa armiidan gamowveulni. magram miuxedavad
amisa, azerbaijanis SeiaraRebuli Zalebi iyvnen uZlurni ufro kar-
gad SeiaraRebul da organizebul somxeTis armiis winaSe, romelic
etapobrivad itacebda ufro da ufro met soflebs mTian yarabaxSi.
am mxaris kontroli ufro da ufro usxlteboda azerbaijanis par-
laments xelidan, amitom 26 noembers man miiRo faqtiurad simbol-
uri gadawyvetileba yarabaxis statusis avtonomiurobis miniWebis
gadadebis Sesaxeb.
1992 wlis 25-26 Tebervlis Rames patara qalaqi daba xojali,
romelSic azerbaijaneli mosaxleoba cxovrobda, iqna mitacebuli
somexi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mier, ruseTis 366-e saxmeleTo pol-
kis daxmarebiT. xojalis hqonda strategiuli mniSvneloba, imdenad
ramdenadac aqedan SeiZleboda gakontrolirebuliyo yarabaxis
dedaqalaq stefanakertis aeroporti, romelic sakmaod axlos mde-
bareobda. Tavdasxma iyo ara SemTxveviTi, aramed winaswar gaTvli-
li sumgaiTSi somexTa mokvlis wlisTavze. somexTa gaerTianebuli
razmebi rusuli polkis meSveobiT Tavs daesxnen qalaqs sami mxri-
25. faqti, romelzec miuTiTa T. holcma avtors 1999wels.
223
dan da datoves koridori, rom qalaqis mcxovreblebi gaqceuli-
yvnen. magram rodesac xojalis gaqceuli mosaxleoba axlomdebare
sofel naxiCevaniks miadgnen, maT ,,tyviebis wvima“ dauSines. daiR-
upa 600 mSvidobiani mcxovrebi, kidev ramodenime aseuli adamini
ugzo ukvlod daikarga. wiTeli jvris komitetis mier Catarebulma
gvamebis Seswavlam daadgina, rom bevri maTgani iyo dasaxiCrebuli26.
xojaliSi momxdari mosaxleobis xocva somxebis mxridan erTader-
Ti SemTxveva iyo, rodesac maT es winaswar ganzraxviT Caidines, sam-
agierod am faqtma somxeTis armias mouxsna problema azerbaijane-
li mosaxleobis iZulebiT gasaxlebisa im raionebidan, romelic maT
daikaves rogorc yarbaxSi, asev mis gareT... xodjalis Semdeg rodesa
somxebi romelime azerbaijanelebiT dasaxlebul sofelSi Sediod-
nen mosaxleobisagan is ukve daclili iyo, radgan yvelas eSinoda,
rom somxebi maT moklavdnen... SesaZleblia somxebs fsiqologiuri
efeqtis Seqmna surdaT, romelic gansxvavebiT bosniis movlenbisa-
gan jer kidev elis Tavis gamoZiebas... zogierTi proamerikuli av-
tori ambobda xojalis xocva TviT azerbaojanelebma moawyves, ma-
gram yvelafers wertili TviT somxeTis dRevandelma prezidentma
serj sarqisianma dausva, interviuSi, romelic man misca britanel
mwerals Tomas de vaals: `xojalamde azerbaijanelbs egonaT, rom
CvenTan SeiZleba xumroba, isini fiqrobdnen somxebi ver gabedavd-
nen xelis aRebas azerbaijanis mSvidobian mosaxleobaze. Cven Sev-
ZeliT dagvengria es stereotipi. ai ra moxda”27.
xojalis movlenebi dasavleTis gazeTebis pirvel gverdebze
mxolod ramdenime xnis Semdeg moxda, radgan is ar Seesabameboda
dasavlur standartebs am konfliqtis Sesaxeb, radgan somxuri di-
aspora, romelic gavleniani iyo dasavleTSi axerxebda warmoedg-
ina saqme rom yarabaxeli somxebi azerbaijanuli agresiis msx-
verplni iyvnen28. azerbaijanuli mTavrobis poziciac ar uwyobda
xels swor warmodgenaze am movlenebis Sesaxeb. mutalibovis mcd-
eloba daeknineba is seriozuli situacia, romelic iyo yarabaxSi
26. holci T. azerbaijanuli dRiuri. Armonk, M.E>Sharpe: N.-Y, 1998. gv.122

27. misive. azerbaijanuli dRiuri. gv. 117-130. msxverplebs mTiani yarbaxi-
dan asaflaveben azerbaijanul qalaqebSi / vaSington posti 1992, 28. misive.
somexi jariskacebi mxecurad klavnen asobiT devnils/ 1992 . 1 marti. sandi
taimsi/. liveni a. karabaxis borcvebi mofenilia cxedrebiT /Taimsi/ 1992,
2 marti .gamomZieblTa TqmiT xojaliSi 600 azerbaijaneli iqna mokluli
,,los -anJeles taimsi“ 1992 weli 2 ivnisi
28. T. vaal. Savi baRi. azerbaijani da somxeTi omsa da mSvidobis Soris. niu-
iorki. 2004. gv 172
224
am movlenebis dros. is grZnobda Tavisi poziciis dasustebas am
movlenebidan gamomdinare. tragediis masStabi imdenad didi iyo,
rom xojalis ambebi swrafad mivida baqomde, xolo Semdeg danarCen
msofliomde... amis Sesaxeb msoflios acnobes iseTma Jurnaliste-
bma, rogoric iyo Tomas holci, antol liveni da xiu poupma. sax-
alxo fronti Seecda demonstraciebis Tavidan acilebas, radgan
sazogadoebaSi Zalian didi iyo antirusuli ganwyoba, am movleneb-
Si rusuli 366 polkis monawileobis gamo da mosalodneli iyo anti
rusuli mRelvarebebi. erTerTi protestuli gamosvla iyo mdu-
mare demonstracia azerbaijanis mweralTa kavSirTan mutalibovis
gadadgomis moTxovniT, romelSic ramodenime aseulma adamianma mi-
iRo monawileoba29. nacionalurma sabWom 5 marts moiwvia umaRlesi
sabWos rig gareSe TaTbiri, ris gamoc aTasobiT protetestantebma
moiTxoves mutalibovis gadadgoma. parlamentma airCia axali spik-
eri iagub mamedovi... yofili komunistebis survilis winaaRmdeg,
romelnic parlamentSi isxdnen, magram mamedovis TanxmobiT da xo-
jalis meris moTxovniT Sekrebilebs uCvenes xojaliSi gadaRebuli
kadrebi, romelic aw gansvenbulma azerbaijanelma jurnalistma
Cingiz mustafaevma gadaiRo30. rogorc Tomas holcma Tqva, ro-
melic mitingze imyofeboda, Sokismomgvrelma kadrebma masobrivi
mkvlelobisa `Secvala qveynis istoria”.
gaSeSebuli cxedrebis suraTma mayureblis yuradReba yarabxSi
gadaitana. bevr cxedars xeli aweuli qonda, TiTos isini mas Semdeg
daxvrites rodesac isini Cabardnen... sxvebs Seuracxyofa miayenes,
moaWres TiTebi da Tvalebi dasTxares.. zogierTs aSkarad skal-
pireba gaukeTes... mere filmi damTavrda. magram reaqcia mxolod
iwyeboda. TandaTan yvelam gaiTvisa momxdaris masStabebi. raRac
didi gatyda da ukan dasaxevi gza ar iyo. saWiro iyo axli gantevebis
vacebi da unda gagorebuliyo Tavebi.
29. nawili videomasalisa xelmisawvdomia `videoarqivSi” saitze: www.chingiz-

mustafaev.com/video_arxiv.php (atvirTulia 2009w. 2ivniss)
30. T. holci. azerbaijanuli dRiuri. gv. 135
225
xojali
Tomas holci
1992 wlis 26 Tebervali erT Cveul-

briv dRes gavda. iranis sagareo saqmeTa
ministri ali akbar velaiTi qalaqSi dab-
runda, rom azerbaijanisTvis bolos da
bolos mis qveynis diplomatiuri cnoba
eCuqebina da pasuxi gaeca aSS saxelm-
wifo mdivnis jeims beikeris gancxade-
baze, rom izrdeba iranis saSiSi gavle-
nis zrda kavkasiaSi da Sua aziaSi.
ara iranis islamuri saxelmwifo
uqmnis regions saSiSroebas, aramed
amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi. swored
amerika aris pasuxismgebli dausrule-
buli sisxvlisRvraze mTel msoflioSi
da aqtiurad uwyobs xels konfliqtis gaRvivebas karabaxSic. is-
lamuri saxelmwifo piriqiT, dainteresebulia mSvidobis Senar-
CunebiT saxelmwifoebsa da xalxebs Soris.. am mizniT doqtorma
valaeTim Camoitana im konfliqtis mogvarebis samSvidobo gegma,
romelic sul ufro sisxliani da uazro xdeboda. somxeTi da azer-
baijani daTanxmdnen xeli moeweraT SeTanxmebas.amasTan dakavSire-
biT ministri karabaxis monaxulebas meore dRes apirebda.
es mniSvnelovani movlena iyo da me amis Sesaxeb statia unda
damewera „vaSingon postisaTvis“. rodesac xiJrani Cems kabinetSi
Semovarda. is esaubreboda telefoniT saxalxo frontis sainfor-
macio ganyofilebis warmomadgenels da samwuxaro cnobebi miiRo;
wyarom, agdamidan acnoba, rom modis karabaxidan didi nakadi azer-
baijaneli devnilebisa, romlebic gamoeqcnen masirebul Semote-
vas da gaavses qalaqis quCebi.
orive mxridan gazviadebuli informacia modioda konfliqtis
Sesaxeb da me gavwyvite telfoniT damezustebina detalebi... uc-
nauri iyo rom arvin ar upasuxa mTavrobidan Cems zarebs, albaT
yvelani giulistanis sasaxleSi iyvnen sazeimo sadilze iranis
delgaciis CamosvlasTan dakavSirebiT. me cota xani davicade da
Semdeg daviwye rekva saxlis telefonebze. SuaRamisas rogorc iqna
vafa guluzades davukavSirdi
226
- bodiSs gixdiT, rom ase gvian vrekav-vuTxari me, magram xme-
bi...
- me ar SemiZlia am Temaze laparaki, sityva gamawvetina man da
yurmili dado
me SevSfoTdi, vafa yovelTvis zrdilobiani iyo ukidurosib-
amde. egeb mas eZina? me kvlav gadavwyvite isev dakavSireba, magram
telfoni semdgomi naxevri saaTis ganmavlobaSi dakavebuli iyo... me
bolojer vsinje da rogorc iyo davukavSirdi
- vafa-vTqvi me mobodiSebis Semdeg- ra xdeba?
- moxda raRac saSinelba-amoiluRluRa man
- ra?-CaveZie me
masobrivi mkvlelobebi-miTxra man
- sad?
- karabaxSi, qalaqSi, romelsac xojali qvia- Tqva man da yurmili
dado
xojali.
me viyavi iq adre, Tanac orjer. pirvelad seqtemberSi, rodesac
vuyurebdiT aeroportidan boris elcinis Camosvlas, xolo meo-
rejer, erTi Tvis ukan, 1992 wlis ianvarSi.
im droisTvis erTadaerTi saSualeba, xojaliSi moxvedrisa iyo
vertmfreniT gafrena, radganac somxebma gadaketes damakavSireb-
li gza agdamisaken. me kargad maxsovda es patara Tavgadasavli. eWvi
Sevitare ra somxebis gancxadebaSi azerabijanelebi masobrivad
arian SeiaraRebuli da rom maTi vertmfrenebi mudmivad „zuzunee-
ben“ somxuri soflebis Tavze. me gavemgzavre agdamSi jurnalist
hiu paupTan erTad, romelic maSin muSaobda gazeT ,,independisaT-
vis“ (londoni), rom azerbaijanel devnilebTan erTad gangvexila
maTi mdgomareoba.
agdamSi advili iyo devnilebis moZebvna. isini iq yvelgan iyvnen.
yvelaze meti isini adgilobriv aeroportSi iyvnen, maT ar undodaT
yofiliyvnen devnilebi da TavianT mSobliur qalqSi -xojaliSi
brundebodnen. siamayem maTi goneba moaduna. erT erTi maTgani iyo
oTxi Svilis deda zumrud eivazova. Cems kiTxvaze ratom brundeba
is ukan, man mipasuxa, rom „jobs movkvde yarabaxSi vidre (vimaTxov-
ro) agdamis quCebSi“.
- ratom ar SeuZlia mTavrobas gaxsnas gza? - yviroda zumru-
di Cems yurTan mogugune vertmfrenis fonze. - ratom gvaiZuleben
vifrinoT rogorc batebma, rom Semdgom gvesrolon?
me pasuxi ar mqonda.
227
Semdeg Cveni mimarTulebiT momavali alif gadjievi davinaxeT,
romelic xodjalis aeroportis usafrTxoebis samsaxuris ufro-
si iyo. es is adamini iyo vinc agdameli loTebisagan gadagvarCina
sami Tvis ukan elcinis Camosvlis dros... maSin is mxned gamoiyure-
boda da miuxedavd misi farTo Rimilisa, xumrobebis dro gavida. me
vkiTxe Tu ra mdgomareobaa mis qalaqSi.
- modiT gavfrindeT xojalSi, - Tqva gajievma, - da Tqveni TvaliT
naxavT yovelives da SeZlebT simarTle daweroT, - Tuki gabedavT.
mis ukan vertmfreni mi-8 idga. devnilTa nakadi nela adioda mas-
Si. vetmfreni ukve sakmaod gadaitvirTa adamianebiTa da sakvebiT,
xolo betonis moedanze jer kidev rCeboda tvirTi 70 milimetri-
ani daJanguli qvemexisa da sxvadasxva sabrZolo masalebis yuTebis
CaTvliT.
-me ar movdivar, -Tqva poupma me coli da Svilebi myavs. me
swrafad unda mimeRo gadawyvetileba wasvlis Sesaxeb.
-SevxvdebiT, -vTqvi me, imaze fiqriT, rom darwmunebuli ar vi-
yavi awi Tu vnaxavdi mas.
me avedi vertmfrenSi. Cven 50-ze meti viyaviT, xolo is 24 kacze
iyo gaTvlili, amasTan gatenili sabrZolo masalebiTa da sakvebiT.
me CemTvis gavifiqre: „jer kidev droa gamovide aqedan“.
ukve gvian iyo. Cven movwydiT miwas. vxedavdi Tu rogor miqnevda
xels poupi me ki Zlier mindoda masTan „myar miwaze“ yofna.
mi-8-m spiralurad aiRo safreni simaRle 1066 metramde rac sak-
marisi iyo askeranis xeobis gadasafrenad da somxebis mier miwidan
cecxlis daSenis asacileblad. ukanaskneli 2 Tvis ganmavlobaSi
vertmfrenTa mTeli wyeba dazianda, maT Soris oficialuri pire-
biT savse vertmfrenic, es noemberSi, xolo uaxloes periodSi ms-
gavsi ram erTi kviris win moxda. vertmfrenis, romliTac Cven miv-
frinavdiT bortinJinerma miTxra, rom erTi kviris win sawvavis baki
gauxvrites. gagvimarTla, rom sawvavi cota iyo, xolo tyvia maRla
iyo Sesuli. garda amisa askeranis xeobaze frenisas saSiSroebas
warmoadgenda Semxvedri qari da sveli Tovli.
frenis dros Rrublebs Soris vxedavdi gzaze mimaval benziniTa
da dizeliT savse somxur manqanebs, romlebmac sawvavi somxeTis
mxridan sahaero gziT „an azerbaijanel samxedro spekulantebisa-
gan “ miiRes.
bolos, madloba RmerTs frenis Semdeg, romelic TiTqos da ram-
denime saaTs gagrZelda, xolo sinamdvileSi 20 wuTi mivfrinavdiT,
vertmfrenma xojalis aeroportze daSveba daiwo. visac msgavsi
228
frenis gamocdileba ara aqvs ver gaigebs, Tu ra vigrZeni rodesac
vertmfrenis borblebi miwas Seexo.
„me cocxali var!“ -mindoda meyvira, magram mSvidad yofna varCie
da vecade ise movqceuliyavi, TiTqos dReSi ramdenjerme davfri-
nav.
-rogor grZnobT Tavs? -mkiTxa alif gajievma.
-normalurad, -vuTxari me rusul enaze.
am dros vertmfrens gars Semoertynen adgilobrivi mcxovrebni
-zogierTi TavianTi dabrunebuli axloblebis misasalmeblad movi-
da, sxvebs undoda vertmfrenSi asvla. yvelani movidnen, rom gaegoT
ukanaskneli cnobebi. -gazeTebi, Worebi, gavrcelebuli xmebi, azer-
baijanis sxva nawilebidan;
mRelvarebis mizezi savsebiT naTeli iyo - xojalSi ar iyo moq-
medi telefoni, araferi ar muSaobda - arc deni iyo da arc wyali.
gare samyarosTan kavSiris erTaderTi saxe vertmfreni iyo, romlis
yoveli reisi safrTxis winaSe idga.
saRamos kidev ufro naTeli gaxda, rom qalaqi danarCen samyaros
mowyvetili iyo. me gajievTan da mis ramdenime kacTan vivaxSme da sa-
nam Cven mwir samxedro ulufas mivirTmevdiT, romelic purisa da xax-
visgan Sedgeboda igi frontis xazidan miRebul cnobebs miyveboda.
mdgomareoba mZime iyo da ufro da ufro uaresdeboda, miTxra
danaRvlianebulma gajievma.
ukanaskneli sami Tvis manZilze somxebma yvela axlomdebare
sofeli erTimeoris miyolebiT aiRes. azerbaijanelebs xelSi rCe-
bodaT ori qalaqi-xojali da SuSa, xolo maT Soris mimavali gza
daketili iyo. vicodi rom situacia uaresdeboda, magram Tu ase cu-
dad iyo saqme ar vicodi.
- es imitom, rom Tqven gjeraT rasac baqoSi amboben, -Cailaparaka
alifma. - Cven gviRalates!
- baqos erT dReSi SeuZlia gaxsnas agdamisken mimavali gza, Tu ki
mTavroba moindomebs, -Tqva man.
mas ukve miaCnda, rom mTavrobas sinamdvileSi ar surda situaci-
is gaumjobeseba yarabaxSi sanam elita agrZelebda qveyanis Zarcvas.
- Tu ki Tqven amas dawerT da ityviT, rom es me giTxariT, me
uarvyob amas, -Tqva man. - magram es simarTlea.
igi ambobda, rom 60 mebrZols romelic misi meTaurobis qveS
imyofeboda ar yofnida iaraRi da gamocdileba, rom aeroporti
daecva. erTaderTi gamocdili azerbaijaneli jariskacebi iyvnen
avRaneTis omis veteranebi magram isini oTxni iyvnen, danarCenebi
229
gamoucdeli axalgazrdebi iyvnen. Tu ki somxebi erT tyvias isrod-
nen isini sanacvlod 100 isrodnen da amiT sabrZolo masalebis Zvir-
fas marags anaxevrebdnen.
ase iyo im Ramesac - me gamaRviZa mezobeli somxuri qalaqidan
-larugakidan momavalma srolis xmam. somexi snaiperis erTeuli
gasrolis sapasuxod azerbaijanuli mxridan vin cis ramdeni sapa-
suxo srola iyo.
erTmaneTisaTvis cecxlis daSena gaTenebamde ganaxldeboda,
amitom SeuZlebeli iyo daZineba. aravin ar icoda Tu rodis eqnebo-
daT somxebs qalaqis aRebis ukanaskneli mcdeloba, magram yvelam
icoda, rom erTxel RamiT es moxdeboda. xojali stepanakertis
aeroports akontrolebda da somxebis mTavar mizans namdvilad
warmoadgenda. vfiqrobdi rom maT adgilas mec igives gavakeTebdi,
magram ras izamen adgilobrivi mcxovrebni Tu ki somxebi qalaqs
aiReben?
diliT qalaqis mosaxleobam erTad moiyara Tavi. arsad ar iyo
kafe an restorani sadac SeiZleboda drois gatareba, amitom ada-
mianebi patara jgufebad quCaSi iyvnen gamosulni da elodnen. ra
elodnen? erTaderTi adamiani, romelic raRacas akeTebda iyo Za-
lze msuqani gogona romelic erTaderT qsovilis maRaziaSi gamy-
idvelad muSaobda, romelSic araferi gasayidi ar iyo. pirvelad
me igi samsaxurSi mimavali diliT vnaxe, xolo meored igi me video
CanawerSi vnaxe sxva cxedrebTan erTad miwaze dagdebuli, oRond es
mogvianebiT iyo.
Cven dila aeroportSi molodinSi gavatareT. azerbaijanis sain-
formacio saagentos fotografi axlos aRmoCnda da jariskacebma
kargi speqtakli moawyves. isini blindaJidan gamoxtebodnen da Zve-
li javSanmanqanisken mirbodnen, romelic cota xnis win viRac rusi
dezertirisTis waerTvaT. es iyo erTaderTi meqanizirebuli samx-
edro teqnika, romelic me xojalSi azerbaijanelTa xelSi vixile31.
„es biWebi mokvdebian, - veubnebodi sakuTar Tavs. -ar minda maT-
31. mogvianebiT somxebma imiT gaamarTles xojalis aReba, rom es iyo „mTa-
vari samxedro baza“, romelsac stepanakertis saraketo dabombvebisaTvis
iyenebdnen. es braldeba SeiZleba uaryofil iqnas rogorc paradoqsaluri.
azerbaijanelTa ZiriTadi samxedro baza iyo SuSaSi, romelic stepanakerts
zemodan gadahyurebda. xiJrani iq dekemberis bolos iyo da naxa samxedro
banaki saxalxo fronis wevris raxim gazievis meTaurobiT, sadac Zlieri iyo
sabrZolo suliskeveTeba, radganac gazievs raRac „saidumlo iaraRi“ hqon-
da Camotanili - „gradis“ tipis samxedro danadgari, rasac igi stepanaker-
tis mimarTulebiT iyenebda.
230
Tan erTad sikvdili mxolod imitom, rom maT omi Teatrad miaCniaT“.
etyoba, am mosazrebas alif gajievic eTanxmeboda Cven gverdigverd
visxediT da vakvirdebodiT, Tu rogor darbodnen misi mebrZolebi
kargi suraTis gadasaRebad saxis sabrZolo gamometyvelebiT waRma-
ukuRma. me cudad gavxdi da uari vTqvi fotografirebaze. Sua dRis
miwuruls vertmfrenis xma momesma da mis dasaxvedrad mindvrisken
wavedi. vertmfrenSi ufro meti xalxi Sedioda vidre gamodioda.
mec vlamobdi masSi Sesvlas miuxedavad imisa, gadatvirTuli iyo
igi Tu ara da mihqondaT Tu ara cxedrebi, romelTa Soris erT-erTi
gajievis mebrZoli iyo, romelic RamiT snaipers moekla. sakuTar
Tavs vekiTxebodi, iyo Tu ara igi maT Soris, visTan erTadac guSin
sasdiloSi vivaxSme, magram zewris gadaweva da misi saxis danaxva us-
aqcielobad momeCvena.
vertmfreni amuSavda da afrinda. amjerad me frenis SiSi ar
mqonda, ubralod, aqedan gaRweva mindoda. Cven nel-nela 1066 me-
tris simaRleze askeranis xeobis Tavze aRmovCndiT. me ar vici gves-
rodnen Tu ara qvevidan magram davifice, rom arasodes davbrunde-
bodi xojalSi.
Tumca ficis saWiroeba ar iyo. ukanasknelad vertmfreni alya
Semortymul qalaqSi 13 Tebervals gafrinda. ukanaskneli sursaTi,
adgilobrivi kartofilis garda qalaqs 21-Si daumTavrda. saaTebi
rCeboda daRupvamde. maT 21 Tebervals RamiT -1988 wels sumgaitSi
somxebis masobrivi xocvis wlisTavze, qalaqi aiRes.
***
7 saaTis manZilze viyaviT Cven manqanaSi romelic maqsimal-
uri siCqariT midioda centraluri azerbaijanis erTferovani
dablobis gavliT. yvela mimarTulebiT horizontamde yavisferi
bambis mindvrebi iyo gadaWimuli, gzis gaswvriv adamianebi idgnen
romlebic xels gviqnevdnen im imediT, rom CvenTvis rame moeyidaT.
Cven qalaq tartarSi gavCerdiT sawavavis maragis Sesavsebad da
adgilobriv mers vkiTxeT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra xdeboda agdamSi. man
gviTxra rom araferi ar icoda. mogvianebiT Cven kvlav gavCerdiT
qalaqSi saxelad barda da davinteresdiT WorebiT, magram Cven
gaugebari TvalebiT Semogvxedes.
Worebi rac xojalis Sesaxeb gvesmoda tyuili gvegona, magram
rodesac agdamSi CavediT da qalaqis centrSi sakvebis Zebna davi-
wyeT ltolvilebs gadaveyareT.
es asobiT adamiani, romelic wioda da kioda xojalidan devnili
231
iyo. mravalma maTganma micno Cemi winandeli qalaqSi mgzavrobiT.
isini Cvens tansacmels eWidebodnen da TavianTi daRupuli naTe-
savebisa da megobrebis saxelebs gaiZaxodnen, amasTan cdilobdnen
morgSi waveyvaneT TavianTi daRupuli naTesavebis sanaxavad. Ta-
vidan Cven gviWirda imis dajereba, rasac gadarCenilebi ambodnen:
somxebma alya Semoartyes xojalis da ultimatumi wauyenes: „Tu
ar waxvalT mokvdebiT“! amis Semdeg gadarCenilebi dawvrilebiT
yvebodnen ukansakneli dReebis ambavs, romelic ZiriTadad meTaur
alif gajievs exeboda.
grZnobda ra aRsasrulis moaxloebas alifi emudareboda mTav-
robas mSvidobiani mosaxleobis gadasarCenad vertmfrenebi gamoeg-
zavnaT, magram baqom araferi ar gaakeTa. 25 Tebervals RamiT somexi
mebrZolebi sami mxridan Tavs daesxnen qalaqs, meoTxe mxares dere-
fani iyo datovebuli romliTac devnilebs SeeZloT gasvla. alif-
ma evakuirebis brZaneba gasca, mebrZolebi unda gaqceuliyvnen mdi-
nare gargaris gaswvriv somxebis yuradRebis misapyrobad, riTac
unda esargeblaT, qalebs, bavSvebs da moxucebs. 26 Tebervlis RamiT
devnilebma qalaqidan gasvla daiwyes da diliT sofel naxCivankTan
axlos aRmoCnden, sadac gadakveTes gza da agdamisken gaemarTnen,
romelic 9 kilometris daSorebiT mdebareobda, magram maT gzaze
Casafrebulma somxebma cecxli da tyvia dauSines. - isini isrodnen
da isrodnen, mosTqvamda qali saxelad raiSa aslanova. misi TqmiT
qmari da siZe Tvawin moukles xolo qaliSvili ugzo-ukvlod dai-
karga.
asobiT, SeiZleba, aTasobiT adamiani mxecurad daixoca am sro-
lis dros. daRupulTa raodenobis daTvla SeuZlebeli xdeboda,
radganac isini frontis iqiTa da aqeTa xazze iyo mimofantuli. bev-
ri maTgani yvavebis sajijgni gaxda.
aTasobiT mokluli erT RameSi(?) TiTqos es daujerebelia ma-
gram rodesac miRebuli informacia SevajereT am sasaklaos maSta-
bebi sakmaod damajerebli gaxda. agdamis adgilobrivi religiuri
lideri imami sadikovi tiroda, rodesac daRupulebs iTvlida im
dRes maTi raodenoba 477 iyo. ugzo-uklod dakargulTa gareSe. ci-
fri 477 imaT raodenobas Seadgens romelTa daRupva agdamSi moR-
weulma gadarCenilebma daadastures.
elif kabani saagento reiteridan gaognebuli iyo. fotografi
oleg litvini suraTebs iRebda obieqtivSi cxedrebi, saflavebi da
Rawvebdakawruli qalebi Canda. am yvelafris gadaRebas vaJkacoba
sWirdeboda. sxva gza ar iyo, unda gvemuSava. msoflios unda gaego
232
informacia am sisxliani sasaklaos Sesaxeb.
Cven SemoviareT mTeli qalaqi. ra drosac vCerdebodiT saa-
vadmyofos, morgsa da sasaflaoebTan da sazarel interviuebs
viRebdiT gadarCenilebisagan, momeCvena, rom manqaniT motanil
cxedrebSi nacnobebic eria. erT-erTi maTgani amoicnes, rogorc
axalgazrda veterinari, romelic iaraRis TvalSi mibjeniT iyo
mokluli. me vcdilobdi gamexsenebina nanaxi myavda Tu ara igi xo-
jalSi. sxva cxedrebs dasjis kvali etyoboda. zogierTi maTgani
skalpirebuli iyo.
saRamos Tqves, rom ganjaSi mdebare rusuli rusuli garnzo-
nidan droebiT aRebuli vertmfreni mkvlelobis adgilis dasaT-
valiereblad gafrindebao da Cven aeroportSi wavediT. araviTari
gafrena ar yofila magram iq me Zveli megobrebi Semxvdnen.
- Tomas, - damiZaxa samxedro formianma adamianma xeli momxvia da
tirili daiwyo. - Cveni meTauri...
me vicani igi. is alif gajievis erT-erTi mebrZoli iyo. maRali,
gamxdari kaci saxelad azifi, romelic yarabaxSi nebayoflobiT
wasvlamde sukSi muSaobda. igi rusulad laprakobda. mis bRavilSi
erTaderTi sityva „meTauri“ ismoda.
sxva gadarCenilebic gamoCndnen xojalis garnizonidan. alif
gajievis meTaurobiT mebrZoli 40-ze meti adamianidan mxolod 10
gadarCa. maTi TqmiT alif gajievi qalebisa da bavSvebis dacvisas
mokles, ris Semdeg qalebi da bavSvebi mainc daxoces.
***
saRamos Cven qalaqis centrSi mdebare samTavrobo sastumroSi
davbrundiT. imisaTvis, rom telefoni gvepova. iq Cven dauZlure-
bul da nawameb tamerlan garaevs SevxvdiT. agdamis mcxovrebi, par-
lamentis spikeris moadgile erT-erTi iyo, im mraval oficialur
pirTagan romlebic me iq vnaxe. is ruseTis Sinagan saqmeTa saminis-
tros stepanakertSi mdebare 366-e motomsroleli qveiTi brigadi-
dan dezertirebul or Turqmens dakiTxvas utarebda. erTi kviris
win isini xojaliSi gaiqcnen. tragikuli gamocanis ukanaskneli
nawilic gasagebi gaxda - dasaRupavad ganwirul qalaqs ara mxolod
somxebi, aramed rusebic daesxnen Tavs.
ilaparakeT! ilaparakeT! - moiTxovda tamerlani.
- Cven gamoviqeciT imitom, rom somexi da rusi oficrebi musul-
manobis gamo gvcemdnen - Tqva erT-erTma maTganma saxelad aga mu-
hamed mutfma. - Cven saxlSi, TurqmeneTSi gvindoda wasvla.
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- ra moxda Semdeg? -mkacrad ekiTxeboda tamerlani.
- Semdgen isini Tavs daesxnen qalaqs, - Tqva meorem. - Cven vicaniT
Ceni razmis manqanebi.
me meTaur sergei Surkinze vfiqrobdi monawileobda Tu ara igi
amaSi.
maT gaxsnes cecxli da mxolod Cvens jgufSi 12-ze meti adamiani
mokles, - yveboda mutifi. - amis Semdeg Cven ubralod gavrbodiT.
somxebis Tavdasxma rusebis mxardaWeriT ganxorcielda azer-
baijanul qalaqze ris Sedegadac 1 000 kaci daiRupa32. es iyo siaxle,
magram aq yvelaferi ucnaurad xdeboda. TiTqos aravis ar aintere-
sebda is, rac Cven gavigeT. cxadi iyo, rom somxebi masobrivad xo-
cavdnen azerbaijanelebs.
- Tqven ambobT, rom erT-erTi Tavdasxmis dros yarabaxSi imaze
meti adamiani iqna mokluli ramdenic bolo 4 wlis ganmavlobaSi?
-mekiTxeboda bi-bi-sis moskoveli korespondenti mas Semdeg rac
xocva Jletis Sesaxeb vamcnobe. - es S
- SexedeT „reiteris“ cnobebs.
- iq araferia.
namdvilad, elif kabani agzavnida cnobebs Tavisi savele tele-
qsidan, magram firze araviTari axali ambavi ar Canda. viRacam waSa-
la misi cnobebi, anda arsebuli masala urTierTsawnaaRmdgo re-
portJebma Secvala.
bi-bi-si 3 dRe dumda ise, rom arc uxsenebi sityvebi „gvacno-
beben“ an „igulisxmeba, rom“.
samarTlianoba moiTxovs imis Tqmas, rom mTavroba da media baqo-
Si arc ise maincdamainc ar adasturebda Cvens cnobebs. sanam Cven ag-
damSi viyaviT da mdgomareobas varkvevdiT prezidentis warmomad-
genelma ganacxada, rom xojalis damcvelebma somxebis Semotevebi
moigeries ra drosac ori mobrZoli daiRupa; rom amis meti mTian
yarabaxSi araferi momxdara.
Cven vicodiT, rom es ase ar iyo, magram mxolod samni viyaviT si-
cruis azerbaijanuli saxelmwifo manqanis winaSe.
sabolood me SevZeli „vaSington postis“ moskovis biuroSi
darekva da vacnobe, rom statiis gadacema minda. TanamSromlebi
32. imis uaryofis Semdeg, rom xojalSi araferi gansakuTrebuli ar momxda-

ra, mTavroba am cifrebs CaeWida. mogvianebiT tragediis sagamoZiebo komisi-
is meTaurma kvlavindeburad droebiTi monacemebi momca: 688 daRupuli da
400 ugzo ukvlod dakarguli. es monacemebi araoficialurad daadastura
saerTaSoriso wiTeli jvris organizaciamac, romelic agdamSi specialur
gamoklvevas atarebda.
234
Tanaxma iyvnen, rom maTTvis teqsti mekarnaxa, magram saerTaSoriso
siaxleebis ganyofilebasTan damakavSires vaSingtonSi. Cems mier
maTTvis nakarnaxebi cifri 477 romelic daRupulTa raodenobas
aRniSnavda, aRebuli iyo imam sadikovisaTvis miwodebuli informa-
ciidan, romelic mas religiuri ritualis SesrulebisaTvis sWird-
eboda. redaqtorebma gamocanis winaSe damayenes, kerZod, saidan
movitane es cifrebi maSin, rodesac baqo mxolod ori daRupulis
Sesaxeb avrcelebda cnobas. miT ufro maSin, rodesac somxebis
cnobiT azerbaijanelebi axorcielebdnen masobriv Setevas. re-
daqtorebi mekiTxebodnen ratom ar iyo Cems reportaJSi asaxuli?
me mindoda mepasuxa, es informacia erTi martiv mizezis gamo ar
iyo Cems reportaJSi - amgvar rames adgili ar hqonia, magram aq ue-
crad kompleqs „kristalidan“ gaSvebuli pirveli reaqtiuri Wurvi
daeca agdamSi daaxloebiT kilometrnaxevris daSorebiT im samTav-
robo sastumrodan saidanac me vrekavdi. rasac moyva sxva Wurvebi,
romelTagan erT-erTi mezobel Senobas moxvda. amis Semdeg Cven
SevwyviteT satelefono saubari da sardafSi davimaleT.
sardafidan erTi saaTis Semdeg amovediT da gadavwyviteT agda-
mis datoveba. igive gadawyvetileba hqonda miRebuli 50 000 kacs ro-
melic yvela saSvalebas iyenebda qalaqis dasatoveblad da aRmosav-
leTs mimarTulebiT garboda.
***
me gamovaqveyne cnoba xojalSi ambis Sesaxeb „vaSington postis“
saerTaSoriso eqkluziuri siaxleebis ganyofilebaSi . amas moyva
londonis „sandi Taimsis“ pirveli gverdebi. im dros sxvadasxva
qveynis korespondentebi modiodnen agdamSi cxedrebis dasaTvle-
lad da imaSi dasarwmuneblad, rom raRac sazareli ambavi moxda
pirveli dasavleTeli reportiori, romelic TviTon Cavida mkv-
lelobis adgilze da moklulTa dokumentebis Semowmebis saSiSi
misia Seasrula, iyo anatol levini londonis „Taimsidan“. mas meg-
zurobas uwevda aw gardacvlili loi peki „frontlain niusidan“
-kidev erT profesionali da megobari.
sxvebi ase kargad ar asrulebdnen samuSaos. erT-erTi reportio-
ri „franc-presis“ saagentodan agdamSi im RamiT Camovida, rodesac
Cven iqidan wavediT. man wynari qalaqi ixila da mSvidoba da siwynare
saraketo srolebis Sedegad 50 000 kacis mier datovebul simSvideSi
aeria. kidev erTma borotad gamoiyena Cems saxlSi gacnobili vafi
guluzades ndoba da misi naTqvami gaaukuRmarTa. krizisis dros
235
duglas kenedi gamoCnda, robertis Svili romelsac peterburgeli
mTargmneli da mcveli axlda sukidan. mas Semdeg rac igi davarw-
mune imaSi, rom SeiZleba misi mTargmneli brbom moklas, kenedim
isargebla Cemi rCeviT, ori Cemi damxmare aiyvana, romelTaTvisac
anazRaurebis micema daaviwyda. im droisaTvis azerbaijanis mTav-
robam mTlianad Secvala Tavisi pozicia am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.
is adamianebi romlebTanac darekva Wirda krizisis dasawyisSi, ue-
crad Cemken Semotrialdnen da ucxoeli korespondentebis tele-
fonebis Txovna damiwyes, raTa isini moewviaT mTavrobis xarjebiT
tragediis Sesaxeb reportaJebis gasakeTeblad.
amaze me arcTuise kargad vreagirebdi. kinaRam davartyi prezi-
dentis pres-mdivan rasim agaevs da sajarod davadanaSaule sicrue-
Si pres mdivani. amis gamo press mdivani ukmayofilo iyo da Worebis
gavrceleba daiwyo, rom me somxebis jaSuSi var, xojalSi Segza-
vnili azerbaijanelTa samxedro saidumloebis gasagebad. amasTan
dakavSirebiT me droebiT damakaves cnobisaTvis me damkiTxa maxid
jamadovma, rovSan javadovis Zmam, romlis saxeli xSirad figuri-
rebda ukanasknel politikur movlenebSi.
rodesac gamomiSves qalaqis centrSi komerciul maRaziaSi spe-
kulantebis garemocvaSi avRmoCndi, romelebic TiTqos elode-
bodnen Cems gamoCenas, raTa rusuli rubli dolarze gadaecvalaT.
es yvelaferi mowyobili iyo. me iq gaCereba ar SemeZlo da qalaqSi
xetiali daviwye, qalaqSi, romelSic ar iyo saWmel-sasmeli, wyali
xolo is adamianebi romelTac me vicnobdi mokluli iyvnen da me da-
viwye tirili.
***
iq cxedrebi arc ise bevri iyo. umravlesoba maTgani gorakebze
rCeboda gazafxulis siTbos molodinSi. zogierTebi damarxes arc
ise Rrma samareSi. wamebulTa sasaflaoze romelic baqoSi parla-
mentis Senobis pirdapir mdebareobs. erT-erTi maTgani alif ga-
jievi iyo. me momwonda masze fiqri, rogorc megobarze, radganac
ramdenime Wiqa gvqonda erTad daleuli. mxiarulma da Tavdajere-
bulma milicionerma SeZlo xojalis mosaxleobisaTvis im rwmenis
gaRviveba, rom miuxedavad siZneleebisa maT SeuZliaT am ubedure-
biagan Tavis daRweva. magram axla alif ajievi mkvdari iyo. mas Sub-
lSi moxvda tyvia, xolo misi sxeuli Savi baRis mTaze erTi kvira
ixrwneboda, ris Semdegac asi litri benzinis safasurad iqna gamo-
syidul da baqoSi gadatanili, raTa samxedro wesebis dacviT dae-
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saflavebinaT.
miuxedavad parlamentTan siaxlovisa mTavrobis wevrebidan da-
krZalvaze aravin mosula. maT TiTqos SeeSindaT xojalis gmirsa da
mowames ar emxilebina maTi gaiZveroba.
magram isini iq ar iyvnen da samgloviaro procesiac arc ise didi
iyo, radganac alifi xojalSi daibada da naTesavebis umravlesoba
iq daexoca. xolo cocxlad darCenilebidan bevrma ver CamoaRwia.
gamonakliss warmoadgenda alifis qvrivi galia, mrgvalsaxiani
rusi gogona, romelic baqoSi cxovrobda. Cven mas agdamSi SvexvdiT
tragediis Semdeg da mas ar sjeroda meuRlis sikvdili. is aramar-
to did mwuxarebas ganicdida, aramed SeSinebuli iyo, radganac ar
icoda rogori iqneboda misi momavali cxovreba meuRlis gareSe.
- me rusi var, rusi! - yviroda igi. - awi yvelani siZulviliT
Semomxedavs!
me mas Cemi telefonis nomeri miveci da vTxove daereka da davex-
marebodi. ramdenime dRis Semdeg man damireka da miTxra :
- tomas ! alifi aqaa !
Tavidan vifiqre, rom SeiZleba raRac SecdomiTi amocnoba
moxda da alifi marTlac cocxalia, magram galiam imis saTqmelad
damireka, rom alifis Zvlebi somxebs gaucvales 100 litr benzin-
Si da baqoSi Camoitanes dasamarxad. me Zlivs gavige misi rusuli,
magram miuxedavad amisa, misamarTi da dakrZalvis dro gavige. me
Cavjeqi taqsSi da wavedi. azerbaijanel taqsis mZRols mouyevi,
rom xojalis mowamis alif gajievis dakrZalvaze mivdiodi. taqsis
mZRolma mgzavrobis safasuri ar gamomarTva. me daveswari alifis
dakrZalvis ceremonias mowameTa sasaflaoze, sadac 1990 wlis 20
ianvars sabWoTa armiis mier daxocilebia dakrZaluli. me aq adrec
vyofilvar magram. amjerad me iq viyavi rogorc alif gajievis Wir-
isufali. misi saflavi 127-e iyo. dakrZalvis win sasuliero pirma
musulmanuri rwmenis simbolo waikiTxa. rac me ucnaurad momeCvena
radganac alifi arasodes axdenda Tavisi rwmenis demonstrirebas.
alifi ar eweoda sxva azerbaijanelebisagan gansxvavebiT. misi erT-
erTi ucnauroba is iyo, rom Turqebi ar uyvarda.
im gardacvlilebs Soris romlebsac me vicnobdi, alif gajievi
mowamebrivi sikvdiliT iyo gardacvlili, radganac igi sxvebze
ufro mets zrunavda vidre sakuTar Tavze.
alifis coli da misi rusi naTesavebi gaocebuli iyvnen im re-
ligiuri wesis SesrulebiT, romliTac alfis Zvlebi amoasvenes
kubodan da axlad amoTxril ormoSi CauSves. Sesrulda dakrZalvis
237
samxedro wesi. sapatio yaraulma samjer gaisrola, ris Semdegac na-
Tesavebma da axloblebma ormoSi miwis Cayra daiwyes. qalebma wivil
kivili morTes da saxe daikawres. me mTxoves gamosaTxovari sityvis
Tqma, razec uari vTqvi. me mqonda saTqmeli magram ar mindoda im
enaze meTqva, romelic aravin ar icoda. dRes me sxvagvarad moviq-
ceodi.
kidev erTi samgloviaro procesia mouaxlovda mowameTa sas-
flaos. kidev erT mowames marxavdnen alifis gverdiT. male aq mra-
vali axalgazrda adamiani povebs samudamo gansasvenebels da maTi
ricxvi gadaaWarbebs imaT raodenobas, vinc xojalSi iqna mokluli,
xolo 1992 wlis 25-26 Tebervlis movlenebi male gaxdeba sevdiani
mosagonari yarabaxSi datrialebuli tragediisa.
me davifice, rom memaxsovreba alifi da yvela danarCeni,
romelTa saxelebi me ar vici, magram maTi saxeebi samudamodaa aRbe-
Wdili Cems mexsierebaSi. diax, me mexsomeba xojali.
es qalaqi iyo namdvili xvreli magram is axla mkvdaria.
Targmnilia wignidan „Thomas Goltz.

Azerbaijan Diary M. S. Sharpe, Armonok, N-Y., 1998.gv.;117-130.
238
danarTi
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ùsafrTxoebis koridoris” dasasruli. somexu banditebis mier
mokluli azerbaijanelebi. foto: devid broClis/sigma/karbisi
243
xojalos sasaklaos Semdeg: razmebi mzadyofnaSia
foto: devid broClis/sigma/karbisi
Cingiz iskanderovi marvniv tiris Zmis kubosTan; ukana mxareze mas

dastirian ojaxis sxva wevrebi agdamis sasaflaoze. 1992 w. 5 marti,
xuTSabaTi
244
udanaSauloTa sikvdili
mwuxarebam gaaerTiana...
245
gadarCenilebi godeben TavSesafris ZebnaSi
foto: klaus reizingeris
usazRvro mwuxareba
246
tragedia ToToeuls Seexo...
locva gardacvlilTa
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tirili `sisxliani cremlebiT”
foto:klaus reizingeris
248
RirebulTa daTvla
249
sasaflao, agdami
foto:klaus reizingeris
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ПИСЬМО ХОЛЛИ КАРТНЕР, ИСПОЛЬНИТЕЛЬНОГО
ДИРЕКТОРА « HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH / HELSIN-
KI» АДРЕСОВАННОЕ ГОСПОДИНУ АЛЕКСАНДРУ
АРЗУМЯНУ, МИНИСТРУ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ДЕЛ
РЕСПУБЛИКИ АРМЕНИЯ»
Human Rights watch/Helsinki, 24 марта 1997 г.
Уважаемый господин Арзуманян!

Как испольнительный директор организации «Human Rights
watch/Helsinki» (бывшая «Helsinki Watch»), я хотела бы ответить на
заявление Министерства иностранных дел от 3 марта относительно
убийства в 1992 г. азербайджанских мирных жителей в городе
Ходжалы в Нагорном Карабахе. В этом заявлении Министрество
утверждает, что Народный фронт Азербайджана несет ответственность
за гибель мирного населения, и в доказательство этого утверждения
ссылается на интервью бывшего президента Аяза Муталибова и,
что невероятно, на отчет нашей организации от 1992 г. Этот отчет,
«Кровопролитие на Кавказе: эскалация вооруженного конфликта
в Нагорном Карабахе», документально подтверждает нарушения
гуманитарного права, совершенные во время конфликта как
азербайджанскими так и карабахскими армянскими вооруженными
силами. Ни наш обзор и версия событий, ни индивидуальные
интервью азербайджанских беженцев из Ходжалы и других деревень
Нагорного Карабаха, опубликованные в отчете, никоим образом не
могут подвердить утверждение, что азербайджанские вооруженные
силы намеренно препятствовали эвакуации мирных жителей или
убивали своих собственных граждан. Мы глубоко огорчены тем, что
Министерство, намеренно или нет, связало наш отчет со взглядами,
которые мы отвергаем и которые наш отчет не отражает. В заявлении
Министерства говорится: «...милиция Азербайджанского Народного
Фронта активно препятствовала и действительно предотвратила исход
местного населения через горные переходы, намеренно оставленные
открытыми карабахскими армянами, чтобы помочь бегству мирного
населения. По этому вопросу отчет неправительственной организации
«Helsinki Watch» от сентября 1992 г. цитирует слова азербайджанской
женщины, которая говорит, что армяне информировали мирное
азербайджанское население о возможности покинуть город под
белыми флагами, и в действительности азербайджанская милиция
257
застрелила тех, кто пытался бежать».
В нашем отчете действительно сказано, что многие жители
Ходжалы могли быть заранее предупреждены о надвигающейся
военной операции, так как армянские вооруженные силы предьявили
ультиматум Алифу Гаджиеву, который в то время был начальником
милиции Ходжалы, а тот, в свою очередь, предупредил мирных
жителей. Наше расследование и расследование Правозащитного
центра «Мемориал» показали, что отступающе милиционеры
покинули Ходжалы вместе снесколькими большими группами
бегущих мирных жителей. В нашем отчете было отмечено, что
оставаясь вооруженными и одетыми в форму, азербайджанские
милиционеры могли быть приняты за бойцов вооруженных
сил и, таким образом, подвергнуть опасности бегущих мирных
жителей, даже если они имели намерение защитить их. Однако
мы возлагаем прямую ответственность за гибель гражданского
населения на карабахские армянские вооруженные силы. На самом
деле, ни наш отчет, ни отчет «Мемориала» не содержит никаких
доказательств того, что азербайджанские вооруженные силы
препятствовали бегству или стреляли в азербайджанских мирных
жителей. Для ясности я процитирую наш отчет от 1992 г. (с.24):
«Таким образом, та сторона, которая допускает, чтобы военные
смешивались с убегающими мирными жителями, подвергает
этих мирных жителей риску и нарушает обязательства по защите
своих же мирных жителей... Нападаюшая сторона [т.е. карабахские
армянские вооруженные силы] все равно обязана принять меры
предосторожности, чтобы избежать или минимизировать потери
среди мирного населения. В часности, эта сторона должна
приостановить нападение, если становится очевидным, что это
нападение может привести к жертвам среди мирного населения,
чрезмерным с точки зрения получения ожидаемого конкретного и
прямого военного преимущества». «Обстоятельства нападения ... на
людей, бежавших из Ходжалы, свидетельствуют, что армянские [
карабахские ] вооруженные силы и 366 –й полк СНГ ... намеренно
игнорировали это обычное, оговоренное законом, ограничение
при нападении. Должностные лица и военные Нагорного Карабаха
явно ожидали, что жители Ходжалы будут бежать, так как они
утверждают, что проинформировали жителей города о том, что они
оставят открытый коридор для беспрепятственного прохождения...
В таких обстоятельствах убийство бегущих военных не может
258
оправдать предсказуемое большое количество жертв среди мирного
населения».
Пожалуйста, позвольте мне прояснить и вопрос, касающийся
еще одной ссылки на наш отчет от 1992 г., по поводу погрома в
Сумгаите в 1988 г. В нашем отчете сказано: «самым жестоким из этих
событий стал антиармянский погром в Сумгаите 9Азербайджан), во
время которого было убито тридцать два армянина, ранено несколько
сотен, и который усилил опасения этнических армян, проживающих
в других частях Азербайджана»; это отличается от цитаты,
использованной в заявлении Министерства. Далее мы указывали на
300 000-350 000 этнических армян, бежавших из Азербайджана, а
не на 600 000, которые Министерство, кажется, приписало нашему
отчету.
Мы приветствуем использование наших отчетов правительствами
и межправительственными организациями, и мы искренне надеемся,
что в дальнейшем не будет происходить никаких искажений
содержания нашего отчета от 1992 г.
Спасибо за внимание,
С уважением, Холли Картнер
Испольнительный директор
организации «Human Rights watch/Helsinki»
Копии: Господину Хасану Хасанову, министру иностранных дел

Республики Азербайджан
Господину Рубену Шугаряну, послу Республики Армения в США
Господину Хафизу Пашаеву, послу Республики Азербайджан в США
Питеру Томсену, послу Соединенных Штатов Америки в Армении
Ричарду Козларичу, послу Соединенных Штатов Америки в Азербайджане
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DECISION OF THE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMIT-
TEE OF THE CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES (PARLIA-
MENT) OF THECZECH REPUBLIC ON KHOJALY
MASSACRE
7 february 2013
Parliaments of the Czech Republic

CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES
2013
6 th call
219
DECISION
Foreign Relations Committee
25 th extraordinary meeeting, 7th of february 2013
Woth regard to the 21 st anniversary of the masscre in Azerbaijan

town of Khojaly and offering sympathy to the people of Azerbaijan.
February 26, 2013, marks the 21 st anniversary of the massacre in
azerbaijan town of khojaly, when Armenian military units occupied
the town and brutally killed 613 definseless civilians.
The massacre was reported by numerous news organizacions and
has been declared by Human Raits Wotch/Helsinki to be a violation
by Armenian military units of customary law regarding the treatmens
of civilians in war zones. It was a crime againist humanity condemned
by numerous governments around the world.
This tragic event is a reminder of what terrible bloodshed wars can
bring and of the enduring need for understanding, mutual communi-
kation and tolerance among people all over the world.
However, the UN Security Council resolutions 882 (1993), 853 (
1993), 874 (1993) an 884 (1993), whrich call on Armenian military
units to cease the occupation of the territory of Azerbaijan, remain
unfulfilled. The UN General Assembly, the European Parliament,
Council of Europe and the OSCE Parliamentary Assemblies by Their
284
wespective resolutions supportes the sovereignty and territorial inte-
gry of the Republic of Azerbaijan, including Nagorno Karabakh.
The Foreign Relations Committee of the Chamber of Deputies of
the parliament of the Czech Republic condemns all instances of eth-
nic cleansing, massacre and genocide against defenseless civilians,
regardless of their please and time of their perpetration. we appeal for
the fulfilment of agreed resolutions which condemn all such acts. IN
this context we still recognize the Khojaly massacre as a crime against
humanity, which we condemn and repudiate. Hereby, wecommemo-
rate the 21 st. anniversary of this tragic event and offer our sincere
sympathy to the people of Azerbaijan.
Kveta Matusovska,
v.r.Secretary
David Vodrazka
v.r. Chairman of the Committee
285
286
xojali
TviTmxilvelebi
samxedro danaSaulis Sesaxeb
sasamarTlo somxeTis winaaRmdeg
rusulidan Targmna guram marxuliam

Перевод с русского Гурама Мархулия
287
daibeWda:
gamomcemloba `meridiani~,
Tbilisi, al. yazbegis gamz., #47.
( 239-15-22
E-mail: meridiani777@gmail.com
288

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xojali

qarTuli gamocema xorcieldeba

xojali: TviTmxilvelebi - samxedro danaSaulis Sesaxeb. sasa-

rusulidan Targmna guram marxuliam

1992 w. 26 Tebervals somxuri SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Tavdas-

azerbaijanis respublikis sakonsulo qa-

„xojalamde azerbaijanelebs egonaT,

serJ sarqisianis 2000 wlis 15 dekembris interviudan.

serJ sarqisiani saqmis codniT ambobs: 1992 wels is

Andrias Bereznay - samxreT kavkasia

Andrias Bereznay - azerbaijanis respublikis okupirebuli teritoriebi

azerbaijanlebis masobrivi mkvlelobebi xojaliSi

interviueri fiona maklahlani, 2011 weli.

Samil alekberdi (foto: frederika lengeinis)

interviueri fiona maklahlani

jeiran azizova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

igi mZevlis saxiT gamoiyenes

me 35 wlis viyavi rodesac xojalidan wamovedi. Cemi samive Svi-

interviueri fiona maklahlani

humai abasova ojaxis wevrTa suraTebiT, romlebic iq dakar-

Cven somxebs novruzis CanTebi

humai-hanimis istoria imaT grZnobebs asaxavs vinc ga-

rodesac me avdeqi, irgvliv

fazilia-xanums kvlavindeburad cxadad axsovs im Ramis

fazilia gasanova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

interviueri ien perti

lala askerova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

interviueri ien perti

nazaket huseinova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

xojalis msagavsi silamaze

fizuli nagievi (foto: fiona maklahanis)

nazilia salimova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

interviueri ien perti

Saxibe-xanumma SedarebiT zustad aRwera yovelive is rac, im Ra-

Saxibe mustafaeva (foto: fiona maklahanis)

iasemin gasanova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

iasemanTan intervium didi STabeWdileba moaxdina. ma-

interviueri ien perti

sxva repodendebis msgavsad zenure-xanumis fiqrebic xo-

zanure salimova (foto: fiona maklahanis)

interviueri ien perti

1. alif gajievi xojalTan axlos mdebare aeroportis usafrTxoebis samsax-

elman mamedovi (foto: fiona maklahanis)

isini mkvdrebsac Seuracxyofdnen

elmar mamedovi specialobiT maTematikis maswavlebeli iyo.

mTeli Cemi ojaxi xojalidanaa. me iq davibade da okupaciamde

interviueri ien perti

anatol levini, londonis kingz-kolejis omebis istoriis gan-

frederika lengeini (foto: fiona maklahanis))

sanaxavad mosuli adamianebi

amJamad frederika lengeini reJisor-dokumentalistia,

- SegiZliaT mogviyveT ra naxeT agdamSi?

reza degati (foto: mowodebulia reza degatis mier)

me Jurnal-gazeTebSi da wignebSi gamovaqveyne da sxvadasx-

2. SeniSvna: reza (reza degati) - mTel msoflioSi cnobili fotoJurnalis-

warmodgenili moxseneba eZRvneba 1992 wlis Tebervlis bolosa

movlenebi, romlebic win uswrebda xojalis

1991 wlis zafxulSi konfliqti mTian yarabaxSi Ria omis sta-

Sturmis momentSi xojalSi 2-dan 4 aTasamde mcxovrebi iyo qa-

„Tavisufali deferfani“ mosaxleobis

xojalis mcxovrebTa bedi

xojalis mcxovrebTa bedi, romlebic gamoiqcnen qalaqidan.

„memorialis“damkvirveblebis mier stepanakertSi xojalis